CN107818623B - Distributed wireless access control system and use method - Google Patents
Distributed wireless access control system and use method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107818623B CN107818623B CN201711399744.5A CN201711399744A CN107818623B CN 107818623 B CN107818623 B CN 107818623B CN 201711399744 A CN201711399744 A CN 201711399744A CN 107818623 B CN107818623 B CN 107818623B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
- G07C9/20—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass
- G07C9/27—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass with central registration
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]
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Abstract
The invention provides a distributed wireless access control system and a use method thereof, wherein the device comprises: a network server layer formed by a network server and a third party platform interface; the regional management layer is composed of a local terminal connected with the network server through a TCP/IP mode and a ZigBee coordinator connected with the local terminal through a serial port; the ZigBee coordinator comprises a ZigBee wireless network transmission layer and an access control node control layer, wherein the ZigBee wireless network transmission layer is formed by a plurality of ZigBee terminal nodes which are connected with the ZigBee coordinator in a wireless way through a ZigBee router, and the access control node control layer is formed by an access control node controller which is connected with the ZigBee terminal nodes through a serial port. The invention provides a flexible, effective, convenient and intelligent access control system, which realizes the bottom data communication of access control based on a ZigBee wireless sensor network, adopts a distributed architecture, can independently manage the working area through a local computer or a tablet personal computer, can also manage a plurality of independent working areas through a remote server, and can normally operate in the independent working areas when the remote management system fails.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of security protection, and particularly relates to a distributed wireless access control system and a using method thereof.
Background
The access control system is widely applied to modern buildings and is an important management system for personnel access control. The current access control system is mainly applied to a non-contact card-swiping type induction access control system and a biological recognition access control system, and the fingerprint, face and vision network iris recognition access control system is most widely applied in the biological recognition access control system, but the system has higher cost and is not suitable for multipoint deployment. The existing access control system mostly adopts RS485, CAN and TCP/IP wired communication modes, has complex installation, high line laying cost and difficult later maintenance and update, and is not easy to additionally install and modify the existing building. The wired network is not suitable for integrated building management requiring a large number of access control because the number of access control which can be controlled generally is small due to the complicated line.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects and the blank existing in the prior art, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a distributed wireless access control system, comprising: a network server layer formed by a network server and a third party platform interface; the regional management layer is composed of a local terminal connected with the network server through a TCP/IP mode and a ZigBee coordinator connected with the local terminal through a serial port; the ZigBee coordinator comprises a ZigBee wireless network transmission layer and an access control node control layer, wherein the ZigBee wireless network transmission layer is formed by a plurality of ZigBee terminal nodes which are connected with the ZigBee coordinator in a wireless way through a ZigBee router, and the access control node control layer is formed by an access control node controller which is connected with the ZigBee terminal nodes through a serial port.
Preferably, the network server layer is used for global management, and a manager with authority can access the network server to view global data and configure global parameters through connecting the PC or the mobile terminal with the third party platform interface.
Preferably, the area management layer comprises one or more area subsystems; the local terminal is the uppermost node of each regional subsystem and is used for checking regional data and configuring regional parameters, synchronizing the regional data to the network server, receiving user access records and access control states uploaded by the ZigBee coordinator, and issuing user permission information to the access control node control layer or remotely opening access.
Preferably, the access control node controller is also connected with an RFID card reader, an SD card module, a display screen, an electric control lock, a memory and a keyboard; the RFID card reader is used for reading the user identification and uploading the user identification to the access control node controller; the SD card module is used for storing user access records and reading the user access records by the access control node controller; the display screen is used for displaying user information and access control states; the electric control lock is controlled to be opened and closed by the access control node controller through a relay; the memory is used for storing the user authority information issued by the access control node controller or reading the user authority information by the access control node controller; the keyboard is connected with the access control node controller through a serial port.
Preferably, the access control node controller adopts a singlechip as a processing chip, compares the user identifier read from the RFID card reader through a serial port with the user authority information read from the memory, and controls the electric control lock to be opened when the user has access control opening authority and passes within the authority time range, otherwise prompts the user to have no authority; and the user access record is read by the access control node controller and then uploaded to the local terminal.
Preferably, the access control node controller forms a single machine management and control unit for managing and controlling a door through the ZigBee terminal node, the RFID card reader, the SD card module, the display screen, the electric control lock, the memory and the keyboard which are connected with the access control node controller.
Preferably, the area management layer includes a plurality of area subsystems, and no data interaction occurs between each area subsystem.
Preferably, the local terminal is a computer or a tablet computer.
Preferably, the ZigBee coordinator, the ZigBee router and the ZigBee terminal node adopt CC2530 chips; the access control node controller adopts STM32F103RCT6; the RFID card reader adopts MF RC522; the electric control lock is driven by a photoelectric coupler EL 357.
The application method of the distributed wireless access control system is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: initializing devices except for an SD card module and a memory in the single machine management and control unit;
step 2: distributing storage spaces of the SD card module and a memory;
step 3: the single machine control unit synchronizes time with the local terminal;
step 4: the memory synchronizes user authority information from the local terminal;
step 5: the access control node controller monitors whether data transmission exists in a serial port connected with the RFID card reader and the keyboard, and if so, the step 6 is executed;
step 6: the gate inhibition node controller compares the complete serial port authentication request data with the user authority information read from the memory, if the authentication is not passed, a prompt is output through the display screen, and if the authentication is passed, the step 7 is executed;
step 7: the access control node controller controls the electric control lock to be opened, and starts countdown according to preset opening time; the access control node controller writes authentication passing information into the SD card module and uploads the authentication passing information to the local terminal at the same time;
step 8: and when the countdown is finished, the access control node controller controls the electric control lock to be locked, and the step 5 is returned.
The invention provides a distributed wireless access control system and a use method thereof, which aim to meet the intelligent, convenient and easily-expanded requirements of the access control system, and mainly aim to solve the defects of complex installation, high laying cost and difficult maintenance and reconstruction of a wired access control system. The distributed architecture is adopted, the integrated building is used as a subsystem of a working area to carry out independent control, access control nodes are controlled in the subsystem through a ZigBee wireless network, the number of the access control nodes can reach tens of thousands, and the installation and the maintenance are convenient; the subsystems of each working area are not mutually affected, the area controller of each subsystem performs data synchronization with the network server through the TCP/IP network, and a manager can manage user information and authority of the independent working area through the area management controller and manage the user information and authority of each area subsystem through network service.
The invention provides a flexible, effective, convenient and intelligent access control system, which realizes the bottom data communication of the access control based on the ZigBee wireless sensor network with low power consumption, low cost, convenient installation and networking and strong mobility; by adopting a distributed architecture, the regional work area (generally, a whole building) can be independently managed through a local computer or a tablet personal computer, a plurality of independent work areas can be managed through a remote server, each independent work area is not influenced by other work areas, and the independent work areas can also normally operate when a remote management system fails; personnel identity authentication is performed through an RFID (radio frequency identification) technology, and systems such as a personnel card, a campus card, a city all-purpose card and the like can be effectively accessed. The invention effectively solves the defects of complex installation, high line laying cost and difficult later maintenance and update of the traditional wired access control system, and greatly reduces the equipment access cost and the later maintenance cost of the access control system.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawings and detailed description:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an area management layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a transmission layer of a ZigBee wireless network according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a single-machine control unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an electrically controlled lock control circuit;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a method of using an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the features and advantages of the present patent more comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below:
the embodiment of the invention mainly comprises four layers of a network server layer, an area management layer, a ZigBee wireless network transmission layer and an access control node control layer.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the system of the present embodiment includes: a network server layer formed by a network server and a third party platform interface; the regional management layer is composed of a local terminal connected with the network server through a TCP/IP mode and a ZigBee coordinator connected with the local terminal through a serial port; the system comprises a ZigBee wireless network transmission layer formed by a plurality of ZigBee terminal nodes which are wirelessly connected with a ZigBee coordinator through a ZigBee router, and an access control node control layer formed by an access control node controller which is connected with the ZigBee terminal nodes through a serial port.
The network server layer is used for global management, a manager with authority can access the network server through a PC or a mobile terminal connected with a third-party platform interface to check global data and configure global parameters, and check, audit or modify user access authorities, and can also check user access records.
In this embodiment, the network Server is the same as the Server of the traditional wired access control, and can manage multiple working areas, so as to implement user information management, user authority setting, user record viewing, and the like, and can interface with other systems such as employee cards, campus cards, city one-card, and the like, and the network Server is implemented by adopting PHP, JSP or ASP.NET Server back-end program languages and stores user data by adopting MySQL or SQL Server database.
As shown in fig. 2, the zone management layer includes a plurality of zone subsystems, and no data interaction occurs between each zone subsystem. The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The local terminal is the uppermost node of each regional subsystem and is used for checking regional data and configuring regional parameters, synchronizing the regional data to the network server, receiving user access records and access control states uploaded by the ZigBee coordinator, and issuing user permission information to an access control node control layer or remotely opening access.
In this embodiment, the local controller is implemented by a local computer, running a Windows operating system, and storing user data by using MySQL or SQLite3 database; and the other is to use a tablet personal computer to run an Android system and use an SQLite3 mini database. The zone controller performs two functions: one function is to synchronize locally stored data information to a network server, such as user information, user authority information, access control node information, user access records and the like of the working area; the other function is to receive the user access record and the entrance guard status uploaded through the ZigBee wireless network, send user permission information or remotely open the entrance guard and the like.
In order to reduce the operation load of the network server, the area controller and the ZigBee wireless network, the network server and the area controller do not process the authentication of the user authority, and only set the user authority and send the user authority to the node controller through the TCP/IP network and the ZigBee network, so that the access control node can work normally even if the network server or the area controller fails.
As shown in fig. 3, the ZigBee wireless network transmission layer adopts a mesh structure, and has a coordinator, a plurality of routers and terminal nodes, including three modules: the system comprises a ZigBee coordinator, a ZigBee router and ZigBee terminal nodes. The ZigBee coordinator is connected and communicated with a computer or a tablet personal computer through a serial port and is responsible for establishing a ZigBee wireless network, and meanwhile, the ZigBee wireless network is accessed to a TCP/IP network; the main function of the ZigBee router is to transmit information, and the ZigBee router is a bridge for data communication between the ZigBee coordinator and the ZigBee terminal node; the ZigBee terminal node is connected and communicated with the access controller through a serial port.
In this embodiment, three device types are ZigBee wireless network: 1, coordinator (Coordinator); 2, router (Router); and 3, the terminal nodes (End-devices) all adopt CC2530 of TI company as a core chip, and the chip supports a ZigBee protocol stack, so that the cost is low. The coordinator is responsible for network establishment and data transmission between the TCP/IP network and the ZigBee network, and is core equipment of the ZigBee network. The router expands the data transmission range of the ZigBee network and plays a role in relaying information. The terminal node is the function responsible for the acquisition and control execution of the information.
As shown in fig. 4, the access control node controller is also connected with an RFID card reader, an SD card module, a display screen, an electric control lock, a memory and a keyboard; the RFID card reader is used for reading the user identification and uploading the user identification to the access control node controller; the SD card module is used for storing user access records and reading the user access records by the access control node controller; the display screen is used for displaying user information and access control states; the electric control lock is controlled to be opened and closed by the access control node controller through a relay; the memory is used for storing the user authority information issued by the access control node controller or reading the user authority information by the access control node controller; the keyboard is connected with the access control node controller through a serial port and is used for inputting authentication passwords or other information.
In the embodiment, the access control node controller adopts a singlechip as a processing chip, compares the user identifier read from the RFID card reader through a serial port with user authority information read from a memory, and controls the electronic control lock to be opened when the user has access control opening authority and passes within the authority time range, otherwise prompts the user to have no authority; and the user access record is uploaded to the local terminal after being read by the access control node controller.
The access control node controller and the ZigBee terminal node, the RFID card reader, the SD card module, the display screen, the electric control lock, the memory and the keyboard connected with the access control node controller form a single machine management and control unit for managing and controlling one door.
In the embodiment, the access control node controller adopts STM32 series chips by a processor, and the model of the typical chip is STM32F103RCT6; the RFID card reader adopts MF RC522, is a low-voltage, low-cost and small-size non-contact read-write card series chip applied to 13.56 MHz; the electro-control lock control is driven by a photoelectric coupler EL357, and the electro-control lock control circuit is shown in FIG. 5. The access control node controller receives authority information (the authority information set by the network server also needs to be forwarded by the regional controller) sent by the regional controller through the ZigBee wireless network, stores the authority information in a Flash memory in the STM32, and simultaneously acquires a card swiping record acquired by the RFID card reader, namely, a personnel access record and uploads the personnel access record to the regional controller.
As shown in fig. 6, the usage method of the present embodiment includes the following steps:
step 1: initializing devices except the SD card module and the memory in the single machine management and control unit;
step 2: distributing storage spaces of the SD card module and the memory;
step 3: the single machine control unit synchronizes time with the local terminal;
step 4: the memory synchronizes user authority information from the local terminal;
step 5: the access control node controller monitors whether data transmission exists in a serial port connected with the RFID card reader and the keyboard, and if so, the step 6 is executed;
step 6: the gate inhibition node controller compares the complete serial port authentication request data with the user authority information read from the memory, if the authentication is not passed, a prompt is output through the display screen, and if the authentication is passed, the step 7 is executed;
step 7: the access control node controller controls the electric control lock to be opened, and starts countdown according to preset opening time; the access control node controller writes authentication passing information into the SD card module and uploads the authentication passing information to the local terminal at the same time;
step 8: and when the countdown is finished, the access control node controller controls the electric control lock to lock, and the step 5 is returned.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned best mode, any person can obtain other various forms of distributed wireless access control systems and methods of use under the teaching of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made according to the claims of the present invention shall be covered by the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A distributed wireless access control system, comprising: a network server layer formed by a network server and a third party platform interface; the regional management layer is composed of a local terminal connected with the network server through a TCP/IP mode and a ZigBee coordinator connected with the local terminal through a serial port; the ZigBee wireless network transmission layer is formed by a plurality of ZigBee terminal nodes which are connected with the ZigBee coordinator in a wireless way through a ZigBee router, and the access control node control layer is formed by an access control node controller which is connected with the ZigBee terminal nodes through a serial port;
the network server layer is used for global management, and a manager with authority can access the network server to check global data and configure global parameters through connecting a PC or a mobile terminal with the third party platform interface;
the regional management layer comprises one or more regional subsystems; the local terminal is the uppermost node of each regional subsystem and is used for checking regional data and configuring regional parameters, synchronizing the regional data to the network server, receiving user access records and access control states uploaded by the ZigBee coordinator, and issuing user permission information to the access control node control layer or remotely opening access control;
in order to reduce the operation load of the network server, the area controller and the ZigBee wireless network, the network server and the area controller do not process the authentication of the user authority, and only set the user authority and send the user authority to the node controller through the TCP/IP network and the ZigBee network, so that the access control node can work normally even if the network server or the area controller fails;
the access control node controller is also connected with an RFID card reader, an SD card module, a display screen, an electric control lock, a memory and a keyboard; the RFID card reader is used for reading the user identification and uploading the user identification to the access control node controller; the SD card module is used for storing user access records and reading the user access records by the access control node controller; the display screen is used for displaying user information and access control states; the electric control lock is controlled to be opened and closed by the access control node controller through a relay; the memory is used for storing the user authority information issued by the access control node controller or reading the user authority information by the access control node controller; the keyboard is connected with the access control node controller through a serial port;
the access control node controller adopts a singlechip as a processing chip, compares the user identifier read from the RFID card reader through a serial port with user authority information read from the memory, and controls the electric control lock to be opened when a user has access control opening authority and passes within the authority time range, otherwise prompts the user to have no authority; the user access records are read by the access control node controller and then uploaded to the local terminal;
the access control node controller and the ZigBee terminal node, the RFID card reader, the SD card module, the display screen, the electric control lock, the memory and the keyboard connected with the access control node controller form a single machine management and control unit for managing and controlling one door;
the regional management layer comprises a plurality of regional subsystems, and data interaction does not occur among the regional subsystems;
the application method comprises the following steps:
step 1: initializing devices except for an SD card module and a memory in the single machine management and control unit;
step 2: distributing storage spaces of the SD card module and a memory;
step 3: the single machine control unit synchronizes time with the local terminal;
step 4: the memory synchronizes user authority information from the local terminal;
step 5: the access control node controller monitors whether data transmission exists in a serial port connected with the RFID card reader and the keyboard, and if so, the step 6 is executed;
step 6: the gate inhibition node controller compares the complete serial port authentication request data with the user authority information read from the memory, if the authentication is not passed, a prompt is output through the display screen, and if the authentication is passed, the step 7 is executed;
step 7: the access control node controller controls the electric control lock to be opened, and starts countdown according to preset opening time; the access control node controller writes authentication passing information into the SD card module and uploads the authentication passing information to the local terminal at the same time;
step 8: and when the countdown is finished, the access control node controller controls the electric control lock to be locked, and the step 5 is returned.
2. The distributed wireless access control system of claim 1, wherein: the local terminal is a computer or a tablet computer.
3. The distributed wireless access control system of claim 1, wherein: the ZigBee coordinator, the ZigBee router and the ZigBee terminal node adopt CC2530 chips; the access control node controller adopts STM32F103RCT6; the RFID card reader adopts MF RC522; the electric control lock is driven by a photoelectric coupler EL 357.
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CN108846779A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-11-20 | 湘优教(湖南)信息科技有限公司 | A kind of smart electronics class board teaching application system |
CN109118622A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2019-01-01 | 安康学院 | A kind of Internet of Things access control system based on embedded development |
CN110021084B (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2021-09-28 | 深圳市微开互联科技有限公司 | Code scanning door opening system and method of distributed authorization architecture |
CN110689646A (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2020-01-14 | 广东科徕尼智能科技有限公司 | Intelligent lock system based on zigbee and state information reporting method |
CN110599659A (en) * | 2019-10-12 | 2019-12-20 | 数浪信息科技(上海)有限公司 | Access control permission synchronization method and device |
CN110969748A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-04-07 | 武汉虹信技术服务有限责任公司 | System for identifying mismatching of entrance guard user and user based on intelligent face technology |
CN115171259A (en) * | 2022-06-27 | 2022-10-11 | 深圳数马电子技术有限公司 | Access control method, device, system, controller and terminal equipment |
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