CN107818594A - Threedimensional model file format system and read method - Google Patents
Threedimensional model file format system and read method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107818594A CN107818594A CN201710795016.XA CN201710795016A CN107818594A CN 107818594 A CN107818594 A CN 107818594A CN 201710795016 A CN201710795016 A CN 201710795016A CN 107818594 A CN107818594 A CN 107818594A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T19/00—Manipulating 3D models or images for computer graphics
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/10—File systems; File servers
- G06F16/13—File access structures, e.g. distributed indices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2210/00—Indexing scheme for image generation or computer graphics
- G06T2210/32—Image data format
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of threedimensional model file format system and read method, including for Node information modules of annexation between store files mark, the file head module of version number and self-defined information module essential information, the orderly tree construction for saving format file, node name, node layer and node, for stored models structural information, material information, animation effect information, textures information, light source information, the self-defined information module of Viewing-angle information.This form to identical data in threedimensional model file by first carrying out classification processing, again processing will be compressed respectively per a kind of data, the block of information compressed, these block of informations are based on ordered tree structural arrangement, the situation of data corruption can be prevented, and the space-consuming of file is greatly lowered, its compression effectiveness compares existing obj forms, improves nearly 10 times.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to three-dimensional model information process field, and in particular to a kind of threedimensional model file format and reading side
Method.
Background technology
Threedimensional model file format is record and the form for storing three-dimensional model information, and threedimensional model is stored, located
Reason, propagate, it is necessary to certain picture format is used, that is, threedimensional model is carried out tissue and storage according to certain mode,
Three-dimensional modeling data is stored into file, has just obtained threedimensional model file.Threedimensional model file format determines should be in text
What type of information is deposited in part, these information store in what manner, and how compatible with various application software file is, text
How part with alternative document exchanges data.
At present, the threedimensional model file format of in the market is varied, and general model format has obj, stl, fbx etc.,
In addition, also many proprietary forms, such as the three-dimensional software for editing 3D Studio Max of Discreet companies .max lattice
Formula, the three-dimensional animation software for editing maya .ma forms etc. of autodesk, inc..But due to the particularity of threedimensional model file,
Whole threedimensional model file formats are respectively provided with the problem of following：1) it is big to take memory space；2) it is more to open consuming internal memory；3)
Special software must be used to open；4) cross-platform can not show, especially can not be in mobile terminal and Web browser
Displaying.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of threedimensional model file format system and read method, lattice can be greatly lowered
The space-consuming of formula file.
The purpose of the present invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of threedimensional model file format system, including for store files mark, version number and self-defined information module
Connect between the file head module of essential information, the orderly tree construction for saving format file, node name, node layer and node
Connect the Node information modules of relation, for stored models structural information, material information, animation effect information, textures information, light
Source information, the self-defined information module of Viewing-angle information.
In preferred embodiments, model structure information unit, material information are included in the self-defined information module
In unit, animation effect information unit, textures information unit, light source information unit, Viewing-angle information unit one of or combination.
In preferred embodiments, the Node information modules are orderly tree construction, and the level of its node is from top to bottom
It is followed successively by the node for stored models structural information, the node for storing material information block, for storing animation effect letter
Cease the node of block, the node for storing textures block of information, the node for storing light source information block, for storing visual angle letter
Cease the node of block.
In preferred embodiments, compression module is provided with the self-defined information module, in the file head module
Provided with the compression flag library for storing compression mark, triggering information of the compression mark for recording compressed module.
A kind of method for reading threedimensional model file format, comprises the following steps：
A, current threedimensional model file is analyzed, reads file head module, parsed, obtain file mark, version
This number, compression mark.
B, judge whether the threedimensional model file format is demand file according to the file mark, according to the version
Number judge the file reading corresponding with the version number, judge to need making by oneself for startup compression module according to compression mark
Adopted information module.
C, Node information modules are read, is parsed, obtains the site position that self-defined information module is located in ordered tree
And the level Rankine-Hugoniot relations between node.
D, self-defined information module is parsed successively according to node hierarchical relationship, read in current self-defined information module
Compression module, if the compression mark for opening compression module can be retrieved in compression flag library, to the self-defined information mould
The carry out decompression processing of block.
E, the self-defined information module of next node hierarchical relationship, repeat step d, until file reading process are moved to
Finish.
In preferred embodiments, the node level according to orderly tree construction puts in order to parse successively and made by oneself
Adopted information module, its parsing order are：Model structure information module, material information module, animation effect information module, textures
Information module, light source information module, Viewing-angle information module.
Threedimensional model file format system and read method of the present invention, compared to prior art, have following beneficial to effect
Fruit：
1) file format system of the invention is to identical data in threedimensional model file by first carrying out classification processing, then
Processing will be compressed respectively per a kind of data, the block of information compressed, these block of informations are based on ordered tree structural arrangement,
The situation of data corruption can be prevented, and the space-consuming of file is greatly lowered, its compression effectiveness compares existing obj
Form, improve nearly 10 times.
2) present invention is by algorithm, can be compressed the model file of various forms and encryption, distortionless
In the case of the memory space that model takes is compressed to original 1/20, and support to render model, meanwhile, it is of the invention
File format system can support the multi-platform displaying including PC, Web browser and mobile device, without using special
Three-dimensional playout software, and because model file is small, loading velocity is very fast, consuming flow is low, and model is required when loading and rendering
The memory headroom of occupancy is also less.
Brief description of the drawings
The present invention is described in further detail below according to accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 a, 1b, 1c are the information block structural diagrams of the threedimensional model file format described in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the logical flow chart of the threedimensional model file format described in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the design sketch of contrast effect model.
Embodiment
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In accompanying drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
Part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.The present invention implementation being generally described and illustrated herein in the accompanying drawings
The component of example can be configured to arrange and design with a variety of.Therefore, the reality of the invention to providing in the accompanying drawings below
The detailed description for applying example is not intended to limit the scope of claimed invention, but is merely representative of the selected reality of the present invention
Apply example.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made
Every other embodiment, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiments of the invention are described below in detail, the example of the embodiment is shown in the drawings, wherein from beginning to end
Same or similar label represents same or similar element or the element with same or like function.Below with reference to
The embodiment of accompanying drawing description is exemplary, it is intended to for explaining the present invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.
The present invention is further illustrated with specific embodiment below with reference to accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figure 1a, the threedimensional model file format system of the embodiment of the present invention, its threedimensional model tray generated
The suffix of formula is entitled " .m3dtf ".The threedimensional model file format system, mainly include file head module, Node information moulds
Block, self-defined information module, all information and data all combine according to certain structure in the threedimensional model file format of generation
In a file, file is binary file.Wherein：
The file head module, for storing the Back ground Information about whole threedimensional model file, include file mark (2
Byte), version number's (1 byte), all kinds of self-defined information modules total quantity (4 byte) and compression mark (4 byte), wherein
Compression mark is stored in compression flag library.
File mark is the ASCII character of alphabetical " m3dtf ", for representing that this document is threedimensional model file format file；
Version number is the version of file format, is represented with the numeral of ASCII character, can be true for by representation of file and version number
Surely the method read for different editions file.The total quantity of all kinds of self-defined information modules is used to distinguish record cast structure
Information, material information, animation effect information, textures information, light source information, the total quantity of Viewing-angle information, above- mentioned information are used
The numeral of ASCII character represents.Triggering information of the compression mark for recording compressed module, triggering information can customize, and it has
Body is the site position code of self-defined information module, the name code of self-defined information module or other there is unique meaning
Code, compression mark is arranged according to the node reading order of self-defined information module, it is described compression mark is establishing
Set during self-defined information module.
Node information modules, for storing the orderly tree construction about whole formatted file, node name, node layer, node
Between annexation, the level of its node is followed successively by the node for stored models structural information, for storing from top to bottom
The node of material information block, the node for storing animation effect block of information, the node for storing textures block of information, it is used for
Store light source information block node, the node for storing Viewing-angle information block, realize threedimensional model information decompression order according to
From inside to outside, the process from skeleton to flesh and blood.If three-dimensional model structure is complicated, threedimensional model is divided into multiple absolute construction,
I.e. multiple orderly tree constructions, then it is all in order tree constructions root nodes between annexation be stored in Node block of informations.Such as
Human 3d model is divided into head, body, left hand, right hand etc., head, left hand, the right hand are connected and deposited with body respectively
In different annexations.
One of following information or combination are comprised at least in the self-defined information module：Model structure information unit, material
Information unit, animation effect information unit, textures information unit, light source information unit, Viewing-angle information unit.Wherein model knot
Structure information unit (Mesh) is used to store the interaction relation information safeguarded between data, establishes the specific frame of whole threedimensional model
Frame, and data annexation is established with other self-defined information modules, specific model data is cached, for descriptive model
The critical datas such as physical location information, point, line, surface.Such as head 3-D view, summit quantity, the head figure of head image are stored
Gore number, each vertex position (locus), color data, textures data, UV quantity, gore data, the bone of picture
Bone data, material quantity.
As shown in Figure 1 b, the material information module (Material) restores for storing substance in virtual world
The correlation attribute information of material required for different qualities, it is shown during in order to render.Such as attribute-name, semanteme, index, number
According to the material properties information such as information such as length, data.
Animation effect information module (Animation) is used for the animation effect information for storing threedimensional model, and animation is being played
Essential during with the threedimensional model for creating interactive mode, the different component of descriptive model is subjected to displacement in space, scaling, or
Person rotates and caused animation effect.Such as animation name, animation duration, frame per second, channel data, Mesh channel datas animation effect
Fruit attribute information.
Textures information module (Texture) is used for the textures information for storing threedimensional model, the thing of same shape and material
Body, different pictures is sticked, the expressive force that will be more enriched.Such as textures width, textures height, textures form, textures number
According to grade textures attribute information.
As illustrated in figure 1 c, light source information module (Light) is used for the light source information for storing threedimensional model, different light sources
It is radiated on same body surface, different lighting effects can be produced.Sunlight, shot-light, glory, incandescent lamp in such as living
Deng, store the light source title, light source type, light source coordinates, light source direction, light source summit, light source fixed attenuation, linear attenuation,
The light source attributes information such as secondary extinction, slow reflection colour, specular color, ambient light color.
Viewing-angle information module (Camera) is used for the Viewing-angle information for storing threedimensional model, including visual angle title, visual angle are sat
The viewing angle properties information such as mark, summit, point of observation, camera horizontal field of view, distant view, close shot, the ratio of width to height.When respectively from the side of object
When side, top, distant place, the same object of viewing, different structures can be showed.
Compression module is provided with the self-defined information module, compression module is located at the first place in self-defined information module
Pair and the compression read module, if the unlatching code of compression module is identical with compression mark, the compression module is triggered, i.e.,
The corresponding self-defined information module of module carries out decompression, after the completion for the treatment of that whole modules are read, can obtain three-dimensional mould
Type.
As shown in Fig. 2 a kind of method for reading threedimensional model file format, for above-mentioned threedimensional model file format
It is read out, comprises the following steps：
A, current threedimensional model file is analyzed, reads the file head module that length is 128 bytes, parsed,
Obtain file mark.
B, determine whether " m3dtf ", if it is not, then it is not threedimensional model file to represent current file, exit text
Part reading program, conversely, reading file head module, parsing obtains the version number of file format, it is determined that being read for the version file
The method taken, reads file head module, and parsing obtains the essential information of whole self-defined information modules, parses self-defined letter
Total quantity, site position code, name code or other unique codes of module are ceased, read compression flag library, parsing is pressed
Contracting mark.
C, Node block of informations are read to be parsed, obtains node and knot that whole self-defined information modules are located at ordered tree
Level Rankine-Hugoniot relations between point, including the annexation between multiple ordered trees, i.e., the connection between the root of ordered tree are closed
System.
D, self-defined information module is parsed successively according to node hierarchical relationship, its parsing order is：Model structure information
Block, material information block, animation effect block of information, textures block of information, light source information block, Viewing-angle information block.Self-defined information module
It is interior to be provided with compression module, set up when compression module is by establishing the self-defined information module, read current self-defined information module
Compression module, if the triggering code of compression module and compression mark are identical or corresponding, the compression module is triggered, to working as
The carry out decompression processing of preceding self-defined information module.
E, the self-defined information module of next node hierarchical relationship, repeat step d, until file reading process are moved to
Finish.
The contrast effect of form and extended formatting of the present invention：
As shown in figure 3, preview graph is converted to the model file of obj forms, space-consuming is 125161 in file system
Byte, and the preview graph is converted to the space of 13205 byte of needs after the M3DTF forms of the present invention, it is seen that compression effectiveness
It is obvious.
Finally it should be noted that：Above-described embodiments are merely to illustrate the technical scheme, rather than to it
Limitation；Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, one of ordinary skill in the art should manage
Solution：It can still modify to the technical scheme described in previous embodiment, or special to which part or whole technologies
Sign carries out equivalent substitution；And these modifications or substitutions, the essence of appropriate technical solution is departed from various embodiments of the present invention skill
The scope of art scheme.
Claims (6)
- A kind of 1. threedimensional model file format system, it is characterised in that：Including for store files mark, version number and self-defined The file head module of information module essential information, for the orderly tree construction of saving format file, node name, node layer and node Between annexation Node information modules, and for stored models structural information, material information, animation effect information, textures Information, light source information, the self-defined information module of Viewing-angle information.
- 2. threedimensional model file format system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the self-defined information module Comprising model structure information unit, material information unit, animation effect information unit, textures information unit, light source information unit, In Viewing-angle information unit one of or combination.
- 3. threedimensional model file format system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The Node information modules are to have Sequence tree construction, the level of its node are followed successively by the node for stored models structural information, for storing material letter from top to bottom Cease the node of block, the node for storing animation effect block of information, the node for storing textures block of information, for storing light source The node of block of information, the node for storing Viewing-angle information block.
- 4. according to the threedimensional model file format system described in claim any one of 1-3, it is characterised in that：The self-defined letter Compression module is provided with breath module, the compression flag library for being used for storing compression mark, the pressure are provided with the file head module Triggering information of the contracting mark for recording compressed module.
- A kind of 5. method for reading any one of the claim 1-4 threedimensional model file format, it is characterised in that including as follows Step：A, current threedimensional model file is analyzed, read file head module, parsed, obtain file mark, version number, Compression mark；B, judge whether the threedimensional model file format is demand file according to the file mark, judged according to the version number The file reading corresponding with the version number, judged to need the self-defined information mould for starting compression module according to compression mark Block；C, Node information modules are read, is parsed, obtains site position and the knot that self-defined information module is located in ordered tree Level Rankine-Hugoniot relations between point；D, self-defined information module is parsed successively according to node hierarchical relationship, read the compression mould in current self-defined information module Block, if the compression mark for opening compression module can be retrieved in compression flag library, the self-defined information module is entered Row decompression processing；E, the self-defined information module of next node hierarchical relationship, repeat step d, until file reading process finishes are moved to.
- 6. the method according to claim 5 for reading threedimensional model file format, it is characterised in that：It is described according to ordered tree The node level of structure puts in order and parses self-defined information module successively, and its parsing order is：Model structure information module, material Matter information module, animation effect information module, textures information module, light source information module, Viewing-angle information module.
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| CN109785413A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-05-21 | 珠海西山居互动娱乐科技有限公司 | The tree-like compression method of configurable animation file and device based on Unity |
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| CN110134684A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-08-16 | 椭圆方程（深圳）信息技术有限公司 | A kind of database purchase format of BIM model data |
| CN110266317A (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2019-09-20 | 新疆大学 | A kind of short essay compression method based on Uighur syllable |
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| CN110134684B (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2021-04-13 | 椭圆方程（深圳）信息技术有限公司 | Database storage method of BIM model data |
| CN110134684A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-08-16 | 椭圆方程（深圳）信息技术有限公司 | A kind of database purchase format of BIM model data |
| CN110266317A (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2019-09-20 | 新疆大学 | A kind of short essay compression method based on Uighur syllable |
| CN111428165A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-07-17 | 深圳市工之易科技有限公司 | Three-dimensional model display method and device and electronic equipment |
| EP4148675A4 (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2023-10-18 | Vivo Mobile Communication Co., Ltd. | Method and device for image data encoding, display method and device, and electronic device |
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