CN107817230B - Method for detecting tetracycline antibiotics based on graphene quantum dot and europium ion composite system - Google Patents
Method for detecting tetracycline antibiotics based on graphene quantum dot and europium ion composite system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a tetracycline antibiotic detection method based on a graphene quantum dot and europium ion composite system, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: A. preparing a graphene quantum dot solution; B. preparing a europium ion solution; C. preparing tetracycline hydrochloride solutions with different concentrations; D. mixing the graphene quantum dot solution and the europium ion solution to obtain a composite system solution; E. sequentially mixing tetracycline hydrochloride solutions with different concentrations with the composite system solution, and drawing a standard curve of the tetracycline hydrochloride concentration by a fluorescence analysis method; F. and mixing the tetracycline hydrochloride solution with unknown concentration with the composite system solution, obtaining a fluorescence intensity value through fluorescence test, and obtaining concentration data through comparison with a standard curve. The signal output mode of the invention is a ratio fluorescence type, and has the advantages of simple operation, short time consumption, high sensitivity, small interference and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of chemical detection, and particularly relates to a tetracycline antibiotic detection method based on a graphene quantum dot and europium ion composite system.
Background
The tetracycline antibiotics are a broad-spectrum antibiotics produced by actinomycetes, and include aureomycin, oxytetracycline, tetracycline and semisynthetic derivatives of methacycline, doxycycline, dimethylamino tetracycline, and the like, and the structures of the antibiotics all contain the basic skeleton of tetracene. As a broad spectrum antibiotic, contamination by abuse of tetracycline antibiotics has attracted attention.
The existing common analysis and detection methods of tetracycline antibiotics include liquid chromatography, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, capillary electrophoresis, colorimetry, fluorescence analysis and the like. However, these methods generally have some disadvantages, such as complicated operation of chromatography and electrophoresis, long analysis time, and insufficient sensitivity of colorimetry. The fluorescence analysis method is simple to operate and high in sensitivity, so that the development of the fluorescence analysis method of the tetracycline antibiotics is of great significance. Existing fluorescence analysis methods for antibiotics are roughly divided into two types, One is established by quenching fluorescent nanomaterials (such as fluorescent carbon dots) with tetracycline antibiotics (x. Yang, y. Luo, s. Zhu, y. Feng, y. Zhuo, y. Dou, One-potyntheses of high fluorescence carbon nanoparticles and the above applications for detection of tetracyclines, biosen. bioelectrode.56 (2014) 6-11.), and the other is established by forming luminescent complexes with tetracycline using Europium ions (l.d.s. Teixeira, a.n. Grasso, a.m. Monteiro, a.m.f. Neto, n.d. vireira jr., m. Giundl.c. coupled, and the same as 20. c.e. 20 and 19. the same of the same type), and the other is established by using Europium ions and tetracycline to form luminescent complexes with tetracycline. The first kind of fluorescence analysis method is a fluorescence reduction type, and the second kind of fluorescence analysis method needs to search and add a substance capable of enhancing the fluorescence of the europium luminescent complex into the system because the luminescent complex formed by europium ions and tetracycline has weak fluorescence intensity.
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a tetracycline antibiotic detection method based on a graphene quantum dot and europium ion composite system, and the detection method is solved by the following technical scheme.
The tetracycline antibiotic detection method based on the graphene quantum dot and europium ion composite system is characterized by comprising the following steps of: A. preparing a graphene quantum dot solution; B. preparing a europium ion solution; C. preparing tetracycline hydrochloride solutions with different concentrations; D. mixing the graphene quantum dot solution and the europium ion solution to obtain a composite system solution; E. sequentially mixing tetracycline hydrochloride solutions with different concentrations with the composite system solution, and drawing a standard curve of the tetracycline hydrochloride concentration by a fluorescence analysis method; F. and mixing the tetracycline hydrochloride solution with unknown concentration with the composite system solution, obtaining a fluorescence intensity value through fluorescence test, and obtaining concentration data through comparison with a standard curve.
Preferably, in the step a, the preparation of the graphene quantum dot solution comprises the following steps: A1. putting solid citric acid into a beaker, putting the beaker into a heating sleeve, and heating at 200 ℃ until the citric acid becomes liquid and the color of the citric acid changes from colorless to light yellow; A2. and mixing the molten citric acid with a sodium hydroxide solution to obtain a graphene quantum dot solution.
Preferably, in the step a2, the mixing operation of citric acid and sodium hydroxide solution is as follows: and placing the beaker together with the molten citric acid into a container containing 10mg/mL sodium hydroxide solution, inclining the beaker, and slowly introducing the sodium hydroxide solution in the container into the beaker to obtain the graphene quantum dot solution.
Preferably, in the step B, the preparation of the europium ion solution comprises the following steps: europium chloride hexahydrate is taken and added into distilled water to obtain a europium chloride solution.
Preferably, in step E, F, the buffer solution used in the fluorescence assay test is a Tris-HCl buffer solution, the concentration of the Tris-HCl buffer solution is 9-11 mM, and the pH value is 8-10.
Preferably, in the step E, F, the concentration of the graphene quantum dot solution used in the fluorescence analysis test is 10 to 11 μ g/mL, and the concentration of the europium ion solution is 19 to 21 μ M.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a method for detecting tetracycline antibiotics by using a graphene quantum dot and europium ion composite system, wherein the graphene quantum dot has two functions: on one hand, the fluorescence of the graphene quantum dot can be quenched by tetracycline antibiotics, and on the other hand, the surface of the graphene quantum dot prepared by the method is rich in carboxyl, and can be coordinated with europium ions, so that the intensity of a luminescent complex formed by the europium ions and the tetracycline can be enhanced; therefore, the signal output mode of the invention is a ratio fluorescence type, and has the advantages of simple operation, short time consumption, high sensitivity, small interference and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows an electron microscope image of the graphene quantum dot prepared in step 1 in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows a fluorescence spectrum of a graphene quantum dot and europium ion composite system obtained in step 4 in example 1 of the present invention under the condition of adding tetracycline hydrochloride of different concentrations.
FIG. 3 shows a standard curve of fluorescence intensity ratio F616/F460 and tetracycline hydrochloride concentration plotted in step 4 of example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 4 shows a test curve of the addition of tetracycline hydrochloride at a concentration of 20. mu.M in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 5 shows a test curve of example 2 of the present invention in which tetracycline hydrochloride was added at a concentration of 1 mM.
FIG. 6 shows a standard curve of fluorescence intensity ratio F616/F460 and doxycycline concentration plotted in step 4 of example 3 of the present invention.
FIG. 7 shows a test curve of the addition of tetracycline hydrochloride at a concentration of 250. mu.M in example 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and with reference to the following drawings.
Example 1: preparing tetracycline hydrochloride solution with the concentration of 20 mu M as a solution to be detected, and comprising the following steps:
(1) 2.1 g of citric acid was placed in a 25 mL beaker, which was then heated in a digital 200 ℃ heating mantle. After about 5 minutes the citric acid became liquid and changed its color from colorless to light yellow. Then, placing the small beaker in a large beaker filled with 100 mL of 10mg/mL sodium hydroxide by using a pair of tweezers, and inclining the small beaker to enable the sodium hydroxide solution to slowly enter the small beaker to obtain a solution-state graphene quantum dot aqueous solution, wherein an electron microscope image of the aqueous solution is shown in fig. 1, and the graphene quantum dots are uniformly distributed.
(2) And (2) taking 5 mL of the graphene quantum dot solution obtained in the step (1), and adding 5 mL of distilled water to obtain the graphene quantum dot solution with the mass concentration of 10.5 mg/mL.
(3) 0.0258 g of europium chloride hexahydrate was weighed out and 10 mL of distilled water was added to obtain a 10 mM europium chloride solution.
(4) 2 mu L of graphene quantum dot solution with the concentration of 10.5mg/mL, 4 mu L of europium chloride solution with the concentration of 10 mM, 200 mu L of buffer solution with the concentration of 100 mM and the pH value of 9.0, tetracycline hydrochloride solution and distilled water are added into a cuvette, so that the total test system is 2 mL (the concentration of tetracycline in the test system is 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22 and 24 mu M), and after uniform mixing, waiting for one minute, the dispersion is uniform. The fluorescence spectrum of the system at 400-650 nm is recorded with 360 nm as the excitation wavelength, as shown in FIG. 2. A standard curve for tetracycline hydrochloride detection is drawn by taking the tetracycline concentration as the abscissa and the fluorescence intensity ratio F616/F460 at 616 nm to 460 nm as the ordinate, as shown in FIG. 3.
(5) Adding 2 mu L of graphene quantum dot solution with the concentration of 10.5mg/mL, 4 mu L of europium chloride solution with the concentration of 10 mM, 200 mu L of buffer solution with the concentration of 100 mM and the pH value of 9.0, 20 mu L of tetracycline hydrochloride solution to be detected and distilled water into a cuvette to enable the total test system to be 2 mL, uniformly mixing, and waiting for one minute. The fluorescence spectrum of the system at 400-650 nm was recorded with 360 nm as the excitation wavelength, as shown in FIG. 4. The fluorescence intensity at 616 nm and 460 nm was read and the ratio of F616/F460 was calculated. Substituting the ratio into the standard curve to obtain the concentration of tetracycline in the test system of 196.16 nM, and further to obtain the concentration of tetracycline in the solution to be tested of 19.16 μ M with error of 4.2%.
Example 2: preparing tetracycline hydrochloride solution with the concentration of 1mM as a solution to be detected, and comprising the following steps:
(1) the standard curve for tetracycline hydrochloride detection was the same as in example 1.
(2) Adding 2 mu L of graphene quantum dot solution with the concentration of 10.5mg/mL, 4 mu L of europium chloride solution with the concentration of 10 mM, 200 mu L of buffer solution with the concentration of 100 mM and the pH value of 9.0, 20 mu L of tetracycline hydrochloride solution to be detected and distilled water into a cuvette to enable the total test system to be 2 mL, uniformly mixing, and waiting for one minute. The fluorescence spectrum of the system at 400-650 nm was recorded with 360 nm as the excitation wavelength, as shown in FIG. 5. The fluorescence intensity at 616 nm and 460 nm was read and the ratio of F616/F460 was calculated. Substituting the ratio into the standard curve to obtain the concentration of tetracycline in the test system of 9.794 μ M, and further obtaining the concentration of tetracycline in the solution to be tested of 979.4 μ M with an error of 2.06%.
Example 3: preparing a doxycycline solution with the concentration of 250 mu M as a solution to be detected, and comprising the following steps:
(1) 2.1 g of citric acid was placed in a 25 mL beaker, which was then heated in a digital 200 ℃ heating mantle. After about 5 minutes the citric acid became liquid and changed its color from colorless to light yellow. And then placing the small beaker into a large beaker filled with 100 mL of 10mg/mL sodium hydroxide by using forceps, and inclining the small beaker to ensure that the sodium hydroxide solution slowly enters the small beaker to obtain a solution-state graphene quantum dot aqueous solution.
(2) And (2) taking 5 mL of the quantum dot solution obtained in the step (1), and adding 5 mL of distilled water to obtain a graphene quantum dot solution with the mass concentration of 10.5 mg/mL.
(3) 0.0258 g of europium chloride hexahydrate was weighed out and 10 mL of distilled water was added to obtain a 10 mM europium chloride solution.
(4) 2 μ L of graphene quantum dot solution with a concentration of 10.5mg/mL, 4 μ L of europium chloride solution with a concentration of 10 mM, 200 μ L of buffer solution with a concentration of 100 mM and a pH value of 9.0, doxycycline solution and distilled water were added to a cuvette, so that the total test system was 2 mL (the concentration of tetracycline in the test system was 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24 μ M), and the fluorescence spectrum of the system at 400-650 nm was recorded with 360 nm as an excitation wavelength. A doxycycline standard curve is drawn by using the doxycycline concentration as the abscissa and using the ratio of the fluorescence intensity at 616 nm to that at 460 nm, F616/F460, as the ordinate, as shown in FIG. 6.
(5) 2 mu L of graphene quantum dot solution with the concentration of 10.5mg/mL, 4 mu L of europium chloride solution with the concentration of 10 mM, 200 mu L of buffer solution with the concentration of 100 mM and the pH value of 9.0, 20 mu L of doxycycline solution to be tested and distilled water are added into a cuvette, so that the total test system is 2 mL, mixed evenly and waited for one minute. The fluorescence spectrum of the system at 400-650 nm was recorded with 360 nm as the excitation wavelength, as shown in FIG. 7. The fluorescence intensity at 616 nm and 460 nm was read and the ratio of F616/F460 was calculated. Substituting the ratio into the standard curve to obtain the doxycycline concentration of 2.435 μ M in the test system, and further to obtain the doxycycline concentration of 243.5 μ M in the solution to be tested with an error of 2.6%.
The method for detecting the tetracycline antibiotics can be used for detecting the tetracycline hydrochloride only by simple mixing, is simple to operate and high in speed, and is high in sensitivity, the linear detection range is 0-20 mu M, and the sensitivity is 8.2 nM.
In the detection method, the fluorescence intensity changes obviously along with different tetracycline hydrochloride concentrations, the fluorescence intensity at 616 nm is obviously increased along with the increase of the tetracycline hydrochloride concentration, and the fluorescence intensity at 460 nm is reduced along with the increase of the tetracycline hydrochloride concentration, which are consistent with two effects of the addition of the graphene quantum dot solution.
In addition, in the invention, the fluorescence signal is in a ratio type, is less influenced by a light source and test conditions, and can effectively reduce test errors; the used graphene quantum dot material is simple to prepare, small in dosage and easy to store for a long time, so that the method is low in cost. The method has good selectivity, obvious fluorescent signal change can be generated when tetracycline antibiotics are added into a system of the graphene quantum dots and europium ions, and no fluorescent signal change is generated when several other common antibiotics (such as streptomycin, penicillin, azithromycin, amoxicillin and cephalosporins) are added.
The scope of the present invention includes, but is not limited to, the above embodiments, and the present invention is defined by the appended claims, and any alterations, modifications, and improvements that may occur to those skilled in the art are all within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The tetracycline antibiotic detection method based on the graphene quantum dot and europium ion composite system is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
A. preparing a graphene quantum dot solution by using citric acid and sodium hydroxide;
B. preparing a europium ion solution;
C. preparing tetracycline hydrochloride solutions with different concentrations;
D. mixing the graphene quantum dot solution and the europium ion solution to obtain a composite system solution;
E. sequentially mixing tetracycline hydrochloride solutions with different concentrations with the composite system solution, and drawing a standard curve of the tetracycline hydrochloride concentration by a fluorescence analysis method;
F. and mixing the tetracycline hydrochloride solution with unknown concentration with the composite system solution, obtaining a fluorescence intensity value through fluorescence test, and obtaining concentration data through comparison with a standard curve.
2. The method for detecting the tetracycline antibiotic based on the graphene quantum dot and europium ion composite system of claim 1, wherein in the step A, the step of preparing the graphene quantum dot solution comprises the following steps: A1. putting solid citric acid into a beaker, putting the beaker into a heating sleeve, and heating at 200 ℃ until the citric acid becomes liquid and the color of the citric acid changes from colorless to light yellow; A2. and mixing the molten citric acid with a sodium hydroxide solution to obtain a graphene quantum dot solution.
3. The method for detecting tetracycline antibiotics based on graphene quantum dot and europium ion complex system of claim 2, wherein in step A2, the mixing operation of citric acid and sodium hydroxide solution is as follows: and placing the beaker together with the molten citric acid into a container containing 10mg/mL sodium hydroxide solution, inclining the beaker, and slowly introducing the sodium hydroxide solution in the container into the beaker to obtain the graphene quantum dot solution.
4. The method for detecting tetracycline antibiotics based on graphene quantum dot and europium ion complex system of claim 1, wherein in step B, the preparation of europium ion solution comprises the following steps: europium chloride hexahydrate is taken and added into distilled water to obtain a europium chloride solution.
5. The method for detecting tetracycline antibiotics of claim 1, wherein in step E, F, the buffer solution used in the fluorescence analysis test is Tris-HCl buffer solution, the concentration of the Tris-HCl buffer solution is 9-11 mM, and the pH is 8-10.
6. The method for detecting tetracycline antibiotics based on graphene quantum dot and europium ion complex system of any one of claims 1-5, wherein in step E, F, the concentration of graphene quantum dot solution used in fluorescence analysis test is 10-11 μ g/mL, and the concentration of europium ion solution in complex system solution used in step E, F is 19-21 μ M.
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| CN112816448B (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2023-07-25 | 浙江工业大学 | Fluorescence detection method for rapidly detecting tetracycline in food |
| CN113390864B (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2023-07-25 | 宁波大学 | Multifunctional graphene quantum dot detection agent and application thereof |
| CN118169094B (en) * | 2024-05-11 | 2024-07-12 | 德州学院 | Application of blending solution in detection of tetracycline concentration and detection method thereof |
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