CN107817164A - Simulate the indoor true triaxial test method of live changing of the relative positions band structure and stress state - Google Patents
Simulate the indoor true triaxial test method of live changing of the relative positions band structure and stress state Download PDFInfo
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- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of indoor true triaxial test method for simulating live changing of the relative positions band structure and stress state, including disturbed belt physical index measure and Indoor Simulation remolding test method, the true triaxial Strength Testing Methods of disturbed belt, the true triaxial of disturbed belt to add unloading test method and the true triaxial test method of assembly.The present invention can obtain in disturbed belt room that is similar to live disturbed belt feature of fabric, screening out bulky grain influence and remold sample, it can be used to carry out indoor mechanical test, study the true triaxial intensity and deformation characteristic of disturbed belt, study influence of the intermediate principal stress to intensity, the multiaxial intensity criterion suitable for disturbed belt is established, have studied deformation-failure character of the disturbed belt in digging process and Bracing Process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of test method, specifically simulates live changing of the relative positions band structure and the indoor true triaxial of stress state
Test method.
Background technology
In history once there occurs more cause dam foundation rock mass containing the accident that broken down caused by disturbed belt, lot of domestic and foreign
Person is studied for the mechanical characteristic of Dam dam foundation disturbed belt, it was found that disturbed belt be different from general rock,
The characteristics of soil body：1) due to the complexity of formation condition, spatially distribution is extremely uneven for composition, structure, the construction of disturbed belt
's；2) changing of the relative positions tape thickness is general very thin, and in the pattern that very thin soft formation is pressed from both sides in two hard thick-layers, its mechanical characteristic is not only by soft
The influence of layer itself and palisades, and depending on soft formation and the group structure effect of palisades and stress off-load are horizontal.
Because of the engineering geological condition and the particularity of mechanical environment residing for these disturbed belts, researchers are mainly using shearing
Experiment is studied its mechanical characteristic, and the engineering background relied on is mainly superficial part rock mass engineering project (such as slope project, dam foundation rock
Body engineering etc.).Recently, the Test Tunnel for 2-4m or so, exploratory heading etc., the scene of disturbed belt and the stratum containing disturbed belt has also been carried out
Bearing plate, shearing, strength test and deformation, sound wave etc. are observed.However, the disturbed belt deformation ＆ damage system that these researchs obtain
Achievement in research, otherwise it is to be obtained based on relatively low well-established law to the direct shear test under load level (＜ 2.0MPa) and shear creep test
, or field test is carried out based on small-scale engineering, can not reflect wrong under high stress, true triaxial Unloading Effect
The deformation ＆ damage system of dynamic band.Therefore, it is necessary to invent, one kind can reflect disturbed belt natural structure, sample preparation is convenient, it is existing to meet
Excavate true triaxial test method in the disturbed belt room in unloading stress path in field.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of indoor true triaxial test for simulating live changing of the relative positions band structure and stress state
Method, to solve the problems mentioned in the above background technology.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following technical scheme：
A kind of indoor true triaxial test method for simulating live changing of the relative positions band structure and stress state, including disturbed belt physics refer to
Mapping is fixed and Indoor Simulation remolding test method, the true triaxial Strength Testing Methods of disturbed belt, the true triaxial of disturbed belt add unloading
The true triaxial test method of test method and assembly；
The disturbed belt physical index measure and Indoor Simulation remolding test method, are comprised the following steps that：
(1) by disturbed belt undisturbed rubber hammer knock fragment, mix is uniform, take respectively 500g and 800g carry out proportion and
Grading analysis, to obtain all grades curve and sticky content of particle specific gravity and disturbed belt；Disturbed belt is crossed to aperture respectively is
0.075mm, 0.10mm, 0.25mm, 0.50mm, 1mm, 2mm, 5mm, 10mm and 50mm testing sieve, different grain groups is obtained, selected
It is 5mm to determine particle maximum particle diameter in soil sample, and simultaneously mix is uniform by scalping method configuration disturbed belt sample：
Pi=Poi/(100-Pd max) formula (1)
In formula, PiFor certain grain group content after rejecting；Pd maxFor super particles content；PoiMatch somebody with somebody certain grain group content to be simple；
(2) the good disturbed belt remodeling sample layering up to plastic limit of all kind of modulations is fitted into pressure vessel, noted in external container
Water is at water-saturated state, and then gradually its compression value is observed in pressurization, until after reaching pre- constant load and stabilization, takes
Go out to determine its physical property, and compared with disturbed belt undisturbed, when These parameters and close structure type, it is believed that both physics
Mechanical property approaches；Consolidation test is carried out, consolidation time of the sample under each stage pressure is 1h, and this grade of load of note is only surveyed in experiment
Lower 1h gauge reading；Such multistage loadings are until reach last pre- constant load, and continue to keep the load steady to sample up to deformation
It is fixed；Experiment used by classification load be respectively 0.1MPa, 0.2MPa, 0.4MPa, 0.8MPa, 1.6MPa, 3.2MPa,
6.4MPa and 12.8MPa；
(3) consolidation test sample making apparatus are cylindrical vessel or square tube pressurizing vessel；
The true triaxial Strength Testing Methods of the disturbed belt, are comprised the following steps that：
(4) each loading surface of sample is smeared into a thin layer vaseline to prevent moisture evaporation；
(5) sample is placed on lower increased pressure board and applies a small amount of loads and be allowed to increased pressure board and just contacted；By measurement apparatus
Power and displacement readings are adjusted to zero-bit；
(6)σ1、σ2And σ3Synchronously increasing to 9MPa realizes the grade of disturbed belt to consolidation；
(7)σ3Keep constant, b increases σ in proportion1And σ2Until disturbed belt sample destroy, during experiment to stress, should
The data whole process data acquisition of change；
(8) sample is removed after off-test, shape after description destroys, measures obliquity of fracture plane；To destroying sample progress
Grain analysis；
(9) σ is taken successively3=3MPa, 6MPa, 12MPa and 15MPa, repeat step (4)-(8), obtains the minimum principal stress
Under the conditions of disturbed belt true triaxial intensity and grading curve；
The true triaxial of the disturbed belt adds unloading test method, comprises the following steps that：
(10) deformation failure situation of the disturbed belt in digging process is studied, it is all that each loading surface of sample is smeared into a thin layer
Intellectual circle is to prevent moisture evaporation；
(11) sample is placed on lower increased pressure board and applies a small amount of loads and be allowed to increased pressure board and just contacted；By measurement apparatus
Power and displacement readings are adjusted to zero-bit；
(12)σ1、σ2And σ3Synchronously increasing to 9MPa realizes the grade of disturbed belt to consolidation；
(13)σ3Keep constant, σ1And σ216MPa and 14MPa are increased to respectively；
(14)σ1And σ3Loaded respectively by 0.0233MPa/min and 0.01MPa/min, σ2It is offloaded to by 0.0467MPa/min
0, until disturbed belt sample destroys；To the data whole process data acquisition such as stress, strain during experiment；
(15) sample, shape measure obliquity of fracture plane after description destroys are removed after off-test；To destroying sample progress
Grain analysis, obtains its grading curve；
The true triaxial test method of the assembly, is comprised the following steps that：
(16) deformation failure situation of the assembly in digging process is studied, each loading surface of disturbed belt in sample is equal
A thin layer vaseline is smeared to prevent moisture evaporation；
(17) sample is placed on lower increased pressure board and applies a small amount of loads and be allowed to increased pressure board and just contacted；By measurement apparatus
Power and displacement readings are adjusted to zero-bit；
(18)σ1、σ2And σ3Synchronously increasing to 9MPa realizes the grade of disturbed belt to consolidation；
(19)σ3Keep constant, σ1And σ216MPa and 14MPa are increased to respectively；
(20)σ1And σ3Loaded respectively by 0.0233MPa/min and 0.01MPa/min, σ2It is offloaded to by 0.0467MPa/min
0, until disturbed belt sample destroys；To the data whole process data acquisition such as stress, strain during experiment；
(21) sample, shape after description destroys are removed after off-test；Particle point is carried out to the disturbed belt destroyed in sample
Analysis, obtains its grading curve.
As the further scheme of the present invention：Its physical property is determined in the step (2) to be included obtaining dry density and hole
Gap ratio, its microstructure is observed by electron-microscope scanning.
As the further scheme of the present invention：The internal diameter 50mm of cylindrical vessel, square tube pressurizing vessel in the step (3)
The height of a length of 50mm of tube edge, cylindrical vessel or square tube pressurizing vessel is that two pieces of 10mm backing plates height and 100mm samples are high
Degree and reserved consolidation compression height sum.
As the further scheme of the present invention：In the step (7)B=0.1,0.2,0.4,0.6 are taken respectively
With 0.8.
As the further scheme of the present invention：The true triaxial of the disturbed belt adds unloading test method, comprises the following steps that：
(100) deformation failure situation of the disturbed belt in excavation and Bracing Process is studied, each loading surface of sample is smeared
A thin layer vaseline is to prevent moisture evaporation；
(110) sample is placed on lower increased pressure board and applies a small amount of loads and be allowed to increased pressure board and just contacted；By measurement apparatus
Power and displacement readings be adjusted to zero-bit；
(120)σ1、σ2And σ3Synchronously increasing to 9MPa realizes the grade of disturbed belt to consolidation)
(130) σ is increased respectively1And σ2To 16MPa and 14MPa；σ3Keep constant；
(140)σ1And σ3Loaded respectively by 0.0233MPa/min and 0.01MPa/min, σ20 is offloaded to by 0.07MPa/min
Then increased again with 0.01MPa/min, until disturbed belt sample destroys；To the data whole process number such as stress, strain during experiment
According to collection；
(150) sample, shape measure obliquity of fracture plane after description destroys are removed after off-test；To destroying sample progress
Grain analysis, obtains its grading curve.
As further scheme of the invention：The true triaxial test method of the assembly, is comprised the following steps that：
(160) study deformation failure situation of the assembly in excavation and Bracing Process, by sample disturbed belt it is each
Loading surface smears a thin layer vaseline to prevent moisture evaporation；
(170) sample is placed on lower increased pressure board and applies a small amount of loads and be allowed to increased pressure board and just contacted；By measurement apparatus
Power and displacement readings be adjusted to zero-bit；
(180)σ1、σ2And σ3Synchronously increasing to 9MPa realizes the grade of disturbed belt to consolidation；
(190) σ is increased respectively1And σ2To 16MPa and 14MPa；σ3Keep constant；
(200)σ1And σ3Loaded respectively by 0.0233MPa/min and 0.01MPa/min, σ20 is offloaded to by 0.07MPa/min
Then increased again with 0.01MPa/min, until assembly sample destroys；To the data whole process number such as stress, strain during experiment
According to collection；
(210) sample, shape after description destroys are removed after off-test；Particle point is carried out to the disturbed belt destroyed in sample
Analysis, obtains its grading curve.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
The present invention can obtain to be remolded in disturbed belt room that is similar to live disturbed belt feature of fabric, screening out bulky grain influence
Sample, it can be used to carry out indoor mechanical test, study the true triaxial intensity and deformation characteristic of disturbed belt, study intermediate principal stress
Influence to intensity, the multiaxial intensity criterion suitable for disturbed belt is established, have studied disturbed belt in digging process and supporting
Deformation-failure character in journey.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that 2500 times of disturbed belt is vertical in disturbed belt physical index of the present invention measure and Indoor Simulation remolding test method
The structural representation of bedding angle.
Fig. 2 is that 4000 times of disturbed belt is parallel in disturbed belt physical index of the present invention measure and Indoor Simulation remolding test method
The structural representation of bedding angle.
Fig. 3 is the structure of cylindrical vessel in disturbed belt physical index of the present invention measure and Indoor Simulation remolding test method
Schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is the vertical view of cylindrical vessel in disturbed belt physical index of the present invention measure and Indoor Simulation remolding test method
Figure.
The structure of square tube pressurizing vessel in Fig. 5 disturbed belt physical index measure of the present invention and Indoor Simulation remolding test method
Schematic diagram.
The vertical view of square tube pressurizing vessel in Fig. 6 disturbed belt physical index measure of the present invention and Indoor Simulation remolding test method
Figure.
Fig. 7 loads schematic diagram for the true triaxial of disturbed belt in the true triaxial Strength Testing Methods of disturbed belt of the present invention.
Fig. 8 shows for disturbed belt true triaxial strength test stress path in the true triaxial Strength Testing Methods of disturbed belt of the present invention
It is intended to.
Fig. 9 is that the true triaxial of disturbed belt of the present invention adds the stress path schematic diagram of off-load in unloading test method.
Figure 10 is that the true triaxial of disturbed belt of the present invention adds off-load in unloading test method to add the stress path schematic diagram of supporting.
Figure 11 is the loading schematic diagram of the true triaxial test of assembly in the present invention.
Embodiment
The technical scheme of this patent is described in more detail with reference to embodiment.
Refer to Fig. 1-11, a kind of indoor true triaxial test method for simulating live changing of the relative positions band structure and stress state, bag
Include disturbed belt physical index measure and Indoor Simulation remolding test method, the true triaxial Strength Testing Methods of disturbed belt, disturbed belt
True triaxial add unloading test method and the true triaxial test method of assembly；
The disturbed belt physical index measure and Indoor Simulation remolding test method, are comprised the following steps that：
(1) by disturbed belt undisturbed rubber hammer knock fragment, mix is uniform, foundation《Standard for test methods of earthworks, GB/
T50123-1999》) take 500g and 800g to carry out proportion (bottle method) and grading analysis (d ＞ 0.075mm, sieve method respectively；d
＜ 0.075mm, densimeter method), to obtain all grades curve and sticky content (＜ 0.002mm) of particle specific gravity and disturbed belt；
Disturbed belt is crossed to the examination that aperture is 0.075mm, 0.10mm, 0.25mm, 0.50mm, 1mm, 2mm, 5mm, 10mm and 50mm respectively
Sieve is tested, obtains different grain groups, to avoid influence of the bulky grain to result of the test, it is 5mm to select particle maximum particle diameter in soil sample
(i.e. particle maximum particle diameter is the 1/10 of 50mm × 50mm × 100mm sample length of sides), and configure disturbed belt sample by scalping method and mix
Close uniform：
Pi=Poi/(100-Pd max) formula (1)
In formula, PiFor certain grain group content after rejecting；Pd maxFor super particles content；PoiMatch somebody with somebody certain grain group content to be simple；
(2) it is obvious to show that white crane beach intercalated dislocation band structure has for the microstructure observing of reconnaissance trip and indoor sample
Difference (the high C of a small amount of argillization degree2Except), in the case that argillization degree is relatively low, perpendicular slice direction void ratio is relatively
Small (2 μm of maximum diameter of hole ＜, see Fig. 1), compact structure；Parallel bedding angle hole is relatively large, and (5 μm of maximum diameter of hole ＞, is shown in figure
2), structure is of a relatively loose, is macroscopically often being rendered as sclay texture.This inevitably results in its intensity and deformed each to different
Property.Sample is remolded to reproduce this architectural characteristic indoors and obtaining the disturbed belt under saturation state, is carried out using following method：Will
All kind of modulations is good (to be referred to up to plastic limit《Jinsha jiang River white crane beach power station feasibility study stage prismatical joint basalt special topic is ground
Study carefully study of engineering geology report》, take 14%, be fitted into order to be layered) disturbed belt remodeling sample layering be fitted into pressure vessel,
External container water filling is at water-saturated state, and then gradually its compression value is observed in pressurization, until reaching pre- constant load and change
After shape is stable, takes out and determine its physical property (acquisition dry density and void ratio；By electron-microscope scanning, its microstructure is observed),
And compared with disturbed belt undisturbed, when These parameters and close structure type, it is believed that both approach physico-mechanical properties；Due to
The purpose of this consolidation test is to obtain the disturbed belt similar to live structure, and need not determine the coefficient of consolidation, therefore consolidates and try
Test step and use professional standard《Standard for test methods of earthworks, SL237-1999》The step of fast consolidation test of recommendation, i.e.,：Enter
Row consolidation test, consolidation time of the sample under each stage pressure are 1h, and the gauge reading of 1h under this grade of load of note is only surveyed in experiment；
Such multistage loadings continue to keep the load that (stability criterion is amount to sample up to stabilization until up to last pre- constant load
Meter reading changes no more than 0.005mm per hour)；Experiment used by classification load be respectively 0.1MPa, 0.2MPa,
0.4MPa, 0.8MPa, 1.6MPa, 3.2MPa, 6.4MPa and 12.8MPa；(ultimate payload values are according to top covering rockmass depth 350-
550m, 8.75MPa-13.75MPa is calculated to obtain, is not common situation because 13.75MPa is calculated according to maximum buried depth,
Therefore capping 12.8MPa).
(3) testing equipment of consolidation test sample preparation is surveyed in real time using chemosmosis with rock porosity under creep coupling
Trial assembly is put after progress is reequiped on a small quantity and carried out.Consolidation test sample making apparatus are cylindrical vessel or square tube pressurizing vessel, the cylinder
Describe the internal diameter 50mm of device, a length of 50mm of square tube pressurizing vessel tube edge, the height of cylindrical vessel or square tube pressurizing vessel
It is two pieces of 10mm backing plates height and 100mm specimen heights and reserved consolidation compression height sum；Cylindrical vessel or square tube add
The pressurization backing plate (stainless steel, equivalent to permeable stone) of mono- punching of Ge Jia above and below pressure vessel, for ease of taking out sample, container is equal
It is cut into 2 parts, during experiment with through bolt combination together.
The true triaxial Strength Testing Methods of the disturbed belt：
Test objective：The true triaxial intensity and deformation characteristic of disturbed belt are obtained, studies influence of the intermediate principal stress to intensity,
For establishing the multiaxial intensity criterion suitable for disturbed belt.
Specimen size：50mm × 50mm × 100mm (length × width × height).
Testing equipment：(the total stroke of all directions piston is substantially met hard rock high pressure servo true triaxial test machine up to 20mm
Specimen deformation demand, the higher small-range sensor of a sensitivity need to be changed, and be changed in terms of the measurement of lateral deformation
Enter).
The stress path of experiment：Schematic diagram is loaded as shown in fig. 7, stress path is as shown in figure 8, σ in Fig. 61o、σ2oAnd σ3o
For principal stress initial stress state value, i.e., under conditions of keeping minimum principal stress constant, equal proportion increase maximum principal stress and
Intermediate principal stress is until sample destroys.
Experiment quantity：5 groups (every group 5 pieces), totally 25 pieces.
The true triaxial Strength Testing Methods of the disturbed belt, are comprised the following steps that：
(4) each loading surface of sample is smeared into a thin layer vaseline to prevent moisture evaporation；
(5) sample is placed on lower increased pressure board and applies a small amount of loads and be allowed to increased pressure board and just contacted；By measurement apparatus
Power and displacement readings are adjusted to zero-bit；
(6)σ1、σ2And σ3Synchronously increasing to 9MPa realizes the grade of disturbed belt to consolidation；
(7)σ3Keep constant, in proportion (B=0.1,0.2,0.4,0.6 are taken respectively and 0.8) increase σ1And σ2
Until disturbed belt sample destroys, to stress, the data whole process data acquisition of strain during experiment；
(8) sample is removed after off-test, shape after description destroys, measures obliquity of fracture plane；To destroying sample progress
Grain analysis.
(9) σ is taken successively3=3MPa, 6MPa, 12MPa and 15MPa, repeat step (4)-(8), obtains the minimum principal stress
Under the conditions of disturbed belt true triaxial intensity and grading curve.
The true triaxial of the disturbed belt adds unloading test method：
Test objective：Study deformation-failure character of the disturbed belt in digging process and Bracing Process；
Specimen size：50mm × 50mm × 100mm (length × width × height)；
Experiment quantity：2 groups (every group 5 pieces)；
Testing equipment：Hard rock high pressure servo true triaxial test machine；
The stress path of experiment：Load schematic diagram as shown in fig. 7, stress path in two kinds of situation：1) as shown in figure 9, i.e.
Under the conditions of sample has three-dimensional iso-stress, maximum principal stress and intermediate principal stress are incrementally increased, is allowed to reach initial stress state, and
After be gradually reduced intermediate principal stress to 0, while increase maximum principal stress and minimum principal stress, until sample destroys (simulation cavern
Excavate the process of off-load)；2) as shown in Figure 10, i.e., under the conditions of sample has three-dimensional iso-stress, incrementally increase maximum principal stress and
Intermediate principal stress, it is allowed to reach initial stress state, is then gradually reduced intermediate principal stress to 0, is then gradually increased to again certain
Value, increase maximum principal stress and minimum principal stress simultaneously in this course, until sample is destroyed (after i.e. first excavation simulation off-load
The process of supporting immediately again, it is assumed that supporting construction is 3MPa to the minimum principal stress that country rock applies).
First group：Study deformation failure situation of the disturbed belt in digging process：
The true triaxial of the disturbed belt adds unloading test method, comprises the following steps that：
(10) each loading surface of sample is smeared into a thin layer vaseline to prevent moisture evaporation；
(11) sample is placed on lower increased pressure board and applies a small amount of loads and be allowed to increased pressure board and just contacted；By measurement apparatus
Power and displacement readings are adjusted to zero-bit；
(12)σ1、σ2And σ3Synchronously increasing to 9MPa realizes the grade of disturbed belt to consolidation；
(13)σ3Keep constant, σ1And σ216MPa and 14MPa are increased to respectively；The stress of primary rock shape of white crane beach disturbed belt
State；Under the stress state, it is assumed that foregoing ordinary triaxial test obtains c=30kPa,According to Mohr-Coulomb criterionsJudge, disturbed belt is not surrendered；
(14)σ1And σ3Loaded respectively by 0.0233MPa/min and 0.01MPa/min, σ2It is offloaded to by 0.0467MPa/min
0, until disturbed belt sample destroy (use Stress Control, according to stress-strain analysis, σ before excavation1、σ2And σ3Difference 16MPa,
14MPa and 9MPa, is respectively 23MPa, 0 and 12MPa after excavation, small at 5 to be corresponding with the triaxial test of foregoing strain controlling
When it is interior complete experiment, then the loading speed that can determine power is σ1Direction 0.0233MPa/min, 0.01MPa/min and
0.0467MPa/min；)；To the data whole process data acquisition such as stress, strain during experiment；
(15) sample, shape measure obliquity of fracture plane after description destroys are removed after off-test；To destroying sample progress
Grain analysis, obtains its grading curve.
Second group：Study deformation failure situation of the disturbed belt in excavation and Bracing Process：
The true triaxial of the disturbed belt adds unloading test method, comprises the following steps that：
(100) each loading surface of sample is smeared into a thin layer vaseline to prevent moisture evaporation；
(110) sample is placed on lower increased pressure board and applies a small amount of loads and be allowed to increased pressure board and just contacted；By measurement apparatus
Power and displacement readings be adjusted to zero-bit；
(120)σ1、σ2And σ3Synchronously increasing to 9MPa realizes the grade of disturbed belt to consolidation)
(130) σ is increased respectively1And σ2To 16MPa and 14MPa；σ3Keep constant (real stress of primary rock state)；
(140)σ1And σ3Loaded respectively by 0.0233MPa/min and 0.01MPa/min, σ20 is offloaded to by 0.07MPa/min
Then increased again with 0.01MPa/min, until disturbed belt sample destroys；To the data whole process number such as stress, strain during experiment
According to collection；
(150) sample, shape measure obliquity of fracture plane after description destroys are removed after off-test；To destroying sample progress
Grain analysis, obtains its grading curve.
The true triaxial test method of the assembly：
Test objective：It is special to study deformation failure of the assembly (parent rock folder disturbed belt) in digging process and Bracing Process
Sign；
Specimen size：50mm × 50mm × 100mm (length × width × height)；
Experiment quantity：2 groups (every group 5 pieces)；
Testing equipment：Hard rock high pressure servo true triaxial test machine；
The stress path of experiment：Schematic diagram is loaded as shown in fig. 7, stress path is identical with shown in Fig. 9, Figure 10.
First group：Study deformation failure situation of the assembly in digging process：
Test procedure：
(16) each loading surface of disturbed belt in sample is smeared into a thin layer vaseline to prevent moisture evaporation；
(17) sample is placed on lower increased pressure board and applies a small amount of loads and be allowed to increased pressure board and just contacted；By measurement apparatus
Power and displacement readings are adjusted to zero-bit；
(18)σ1、σ2And σ3Synchronously increasing to 9MPa realizes the grade of disturbed belt to consolidation；
(19)σ3Keep constant, σ1And σ216MPa and 14MPa are increased to respectively；
(20)σ1And σ3Loaded respectively by 0.0233MPa/min and 0.01MPa/min, σ2It is offloaded to by 0.0467MPa/min
0, until disturbed belt sample destroys；To the data whole process data acquisition such as stress, strain during experiment；
(21) sample, shape after description destroys are removed after off-test；Particle point is carried out to the disturbed belt destroyed in sample
Analysis, obtains its grading curve.
Second group：Study deformation failure situation of the assembly in excavation and Bracing Process：
The true triaxial test method of the assembly, is comprised the following steps that：
(160) each loading surface of disturbed belt in sample, is smeared into a thin layer vaseline to prevent moisture evaporation；
(170) sample is placed on lower increased pressure board and applies a small amount of loads and be allowed to increased pressure board and just contacted；By measurement apparatus
Power and displacement readings be adjusted to zero-bit；
(180)σ1、σ2And σ3Synchronously increasing to 9MPa realizes the grade of disturbed belt to consolidation；
(190) σ is increased respectively1And σ2To 16MPa and 14MPa；σ3Keep constant (real stress of primary rock state)；
(200)σ1And σ3Loaded respectively by 0.0233MPa/min and 0.01MPa/min, σ20 is offloaded to by 0.07MPa/min
Then increased again with 0.01MPa/min, until assembly sample destroys；To the data whole process number such as stress, strain during experiment
According to collection；
(210) sample, shape after description destroys are removed after off-test；Particle point is carried out to the disturbed belt destroyed in sample
Analysis, obtains its grading curve.
The present invention can obtain to be remolded in disturbed belt room that is similar to live disturbed belt feature of fabric, screening out bulky grain influence
Sample, it can be used to carry out indoor mechanical test, study the true triaxial intensity and deformation characteristic of disturbed belt, study intermediate principal stress
Influence to intensity, the multiaxial intensity criterion suitable for disturbed belt is established, have studied disturbed belt in digging process and supporting
Deformation-failure character in journey.
The better embodiment of this patent is explained in detail above, but this patent is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment party
Formula, can also be on the premise of this patent objective not be departed from one skilled in the relevant art's possessed knowledge
Various changes can be made.
Claims (6)
- A kind of 1. indoor true triaxial test method for simulating live changing of the relative positions band structure and stress state, it is characterised in that including mistake It is dynamic with physical index measure and Indoor Simulation remolding test method, the true triaxial Strength Testing Methods of disturbed belt, disturbed belt it is true Three axles add unloading test method and the true triaxial test method of assembly；The disturbed belt physical index measure and Indoor Simulation remolding test method, are comprised the following steps that：(1) by disturbed belt undisturbed rubber hammer knock fragment, mix is uniform, takes 500g and 800g to carry out proportion and particle respectively Analysis, to obtain all grades curve and sticky content of particle specific gravity and disturbed belt；Disturbed belt is crossed to aperture respectively is 0.075mm, 0.10mm, 0.25mm, 0.50mm, 1mm, 2mm, 5mm, 10mm and 50mm testing sieve, different grain groups is obtained, selected It is 5mm to determine particle maximum particle diameter in soil sample, and simultaneously mix is uniform by scalping method configuration disturbed belt sample：Pi=Poi/(100-Pd max) formula (1)In formula, PiFor certain grain group content after rejecting；Pd maxFor super particles content；PoiMatch somebody with somebody certain grain group content to be simple；(2) the good disturbed belt remodeling sample layering up to plastic limit of all kind of modulations is fitted into pressure vessel, made in external container water filling It is in water-saturated state, and then gradually its compression value is observed in pressurization, until after reaching pre- constant load and stabilization, takes out and surveys Its fixed physical property, and compared with disturbed belt undisturbed, when These parameters and close structure type, it is believed that both physical mechanicses Property approaches；Consolidation test is carried out, consolidation time of the sample under each stage pressure is 1h, and 1h under this grade of load of note is only surveyed in experiment Gauge reading；Such multistage loadings are until reach last pre- constant load, and continue to keep the load to sample to reach stabilization；Examination Used by testing classification load be respectively 0.1MPa, 0.2MPa, 0.4MPa, 0.8MPa, 1.6MPa, 3.2MPa, 6.4MPa and 12.8MPa；(3) consolidation test sample making apparatus are cylindrical vessel or square tube pressurizing vessel；The true triaxial Strength Testing Methods of the disturbed belt, are comprised the following steps that：(4) each loading surface of sample is smeared into a thin layer vaseline to prevent moisture evaporation；(5) sample is placed on lower increased pressure board and applies a small amount of loads and be allowed to increased pressure board and just contacted；By the power of measurement apparatus and Displacement readings are adjusted to zero-bit；(6)σ1、σ2And σ3Synchronously increasing to 9MPa realizes the grade of disturbed belt to consolidation；(7)σ3Keep constant, b increases σ in proportion1And σ2Until disturbed belt sample destroy, during experiment to stress, strain Data whole process data acquisition；(8) sample is removed after off-test, shape after description destroys, measures obliquity of fracture plane；Particle point is carried out to destroying sample Analysis；(9) σ is taken successively3=3MPa, 6MPa, 12MPa and 15MPa, repeat step (4)-(8), under the conditions of obtaining the minimum principal stress Disturbed belt true triaxial intensity and grading curve；The true triaxial of the disturbed belt adds unloading test method, comprises the following steps that：(10) deformation failure situation of the disturbed belt in digging process is studied, each loading surface of sample is smeared into a thin layer vaseline To prevent moisture evaporation；(11) sample is placed on lower increased pressure board and applies a small amount of loads and be allowed to increased pressure board and just contacted；By the power of measurement apparatus and Displacement readings are adjusted to zero-bit；(12)σ1、σ2And σ3Synchronously increasing to 9MPa realizes the grade of disturbed belt to consolidation；(13)σ3Keep constant, σ1And σ216MPa and 14MPa are increased to respectively；(14)σ1And σ3Loaded respectively by 0.0233MPa/min and 0.01MPa/min, σ20 is offloaded to by 0.0467MPa/min, directly Destroyed to disturbed belt sample；To the data whole process data acquisition such as stress, strain during experiment；(15) sample, shape measure obliquity of fracture plane after description destroys are removed after off-test；Particle point is carried out to destroying sample Analysis, obtains its grading curve；The true triaxial test method of the assembly, is comprised the following steps that：(16) deformation failure situation of the assembly in digging process is studied, each loading surface of disturbed belt in sample is smeared one Thin layer vaseline is to prevent moisture evaporation；(17) sample is placed on lower increased pressure board and applies a small amount of loads and be allowed to increased pressure board and just contacted；By the power of measurement apparatus and Displacement readings are adjusted to zero-bit；(18)σ1、σ2And σ3Synchronously increasing to 9MPa realizes the grade of disturbed belt to consolidation；(19)σ3Keep constant, σ1And σ216MPa and 14MPa are increased to respectively；(20)σ1And σ3Loaded respectively by 0.0233MPa/min and 0.01MPa/min, σ20 is offloaded to by 0.0467MPa/min, directly Destroyed to disturbed belt sample；To the data whole process data acquisition such as stress, strain during experiment；(21) sample, shape after description destroys are removed after off-test；Grading analysis is carried out to the disturbed belt destroyed in sample, obtained Take its grading curve.
- 2. the indoor true triaxial test method according to claim 1 for simulating live changing of the relative positions band structure and stress state, its It is characterised by, its physical property is determined in the step (2) to be included obtaining dry density and void ratio, and it is observed by electron-microscope scanning Microstructure.
- 3. the indoor true triaxial test method according to claim 1 for simulating live changing of the relative positions band structure and stress state, its It is characterised by, the internal diameter 50mm of cylindrical vessel, a length of 50mm of square tube pressurizing vessel tube edge, cylinder describe in the step (3) The height of device or square tube pressurizing vessel be two pieces of 10mm backing plates height with 100mm specimen heights and reserved consolidation compression height it With.
- 4. the indoor true triaxial test method according to claim 1 for simulating live changing of the relative positions band structure and stress state, its It is characterised by, in the step (7)B=0.1,0.2,0.4,0.6 and 0.8 are taken respectively.
- 5. the indoor true triaxial test method according to claim 1 for simulating live changing of the relative positions band structure and stress state, its It is characterised by, the true triaxial of the disturbed belt adds unloading test method, comprises the following steps that：(100) deformation failure situation of the disturbed belt in excavation and Bracing Process is studied, it is thin that each loading surface of sample is smeared one Layer vaseline is to prevent moisture evaporation；(110) sample is placed on lower increased pressure board and applies a small amount of loads and be allowed to increased pressure board and just contacted；By the power of measurement apparatus Zero-bit is adjusted to displacement readings；(120)σ1、σ2And σ3Synchronously increasing to 9MPa realizes the grade of disturbed belt to consolidation)(130) σ is increased respectively1And σ2To 16MPa and 14MPa；σ3Keep constant；(140)σ1And σ3Loaded respectively by 0.0233MPa/min and 0.01MPa/min, σ20 is offloaded to by 0.07MPa/min then Increased again with 0.01MPa/min, until disturbed belt sample destroys；The data whole process data such as stress, strain are adopted during experiment Collection；(150) sample, shape measure obliquity of fracture plane after description destroys are removed after off-test；Particle point is carried out to destroying sample Analysis, obtains its grading curve.
- 6. the indoor true triaxial test method according to claim 1 for simulating live changing of the relative positions band structure and stress state, its It is characterised by, the true triaxial test method of the assembly, comprises the following steps that：(160) deformation failure situation of the assembly in excavation and Bracing Process is studied, by each loading of disturbed belt in sample A thin layer vaseline is smeared to prevent moisture evaporation in face；(170) sample is placed on lower increased pressure board and applies a small amount of loads and be allowed to increased pressure board and just contacted；By the power of measurement apparatus Zero-bit is adjusted to displacement readings；(180)σ1、σ2And σ3Synchronously increasing to 9MPa realizes the grade of disturbed belt to consolidation；(190) σ is increased respectively1And σ2To 16MPa and 14MPa；σ3Keep constant；(200)σ1And σ3Loaded respectively by 0.0233MPa/min and 0.01MPa/min, σ20 is offloaded to by 0.07MPa/min then Increased again with 0.01MPa/min, until assembly sample destroys；The data whole process data such as stress, strain are adopted during experiment Collection；(210) sample, shape after description destroys are removed after off-test；Grading analysis is carried out to the disturbed belt destroyed in sample, Obtain its grading curve.
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