CN107817019A - LEO constellation disaster-proof monitoring systems - Google Patents
LEO constellation disaster-proof monitoring systems Download PDFInfo
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- CN107817019A CN107817019A CN201710926030.9A CN201710926030A CN107817019A CN 107817019 A CN107817019 A CN 107817019A CN 201710926030 A CN201710926030 A CN 201710926030A CN 107817019 A CN107817019 A CN 107817019A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/1851—Systems using a satellite or space-based relay
- H04B7/18513—Transmission in a satellite or space-based system
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/1851—Systems using a satellite or space-based relay
- H04B7/18519—Operations control, administration or maintenance
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/18521—Systems of inter linked satellites, i.e. inter satellite service
Abstract
A kind of LEO constellations disaster-proof monitoring system, including LEO constellations, chain-circuit system, ground communication management system of measurement and control；The information processing system of the satellite of described LEO constellations, including information pre-processing screening plant；The information that the remote satellite of LEO constellations can be obtained, pre-processed, identified, being filtered out the information of the disaster that may jeopardize China or the disaster symptom of a trend, and emergency level is classified as automatically, selection Rational Path is transferred to ground communication management system of measurement and control as early as possible, and quickly it is transferred to fire protection center, first-hand information promptly and accurately is provided for fire protection center decision-making, has striven for valuable time for disaster prevention；Considerably improve the reliability of information of taking precautions against natural calamities, accuracy, ageing；Reach and improve efficiency, improve the degree of accuracy, save the time, the beneficial effect of Control eificiency is provided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to space industry, more particularly to a kind of LEO constellations disaster-proof monitoring system.
Background technology
LEO constellations are near apart from earth's surface, and earth observation is clear；But its observational data must fly through earth station viewing area
Shi Caineng is sent to ground control system；Away from earth station but propagated or the fast disaster of translational speed if there is certain,
Even if satellite is found in time, but the Disaster preparedness time that to ground control system, then can delay preciousness can not be notified at once；Such as
Fruit can be notified at once to ground control system, and ground control system notifies fire protection center at once, then fire protection center can be early
Arrange to carry out Disaster preparedness, it is possible to which reduction even completely avoids loss caused by disaster.
The content of the invention
Therefore, the present invention proposes a kind of LEO constellations disaster-proof monitoring system, effectively to monitor, notify disaster scenarios it at once,
Power-assisted take precautions against natural calamities cause improve efficiency.
A kind of LEO constellations disaster-proof monitoring system, including LEO (low orbit) constellation, chain-circuit system, ground communication TT＆C Management
System；Described LEO constellations, including, it is distributed in the circular orbit constellation of low orbit；The satellite of described LEO constellations, including calculate
Machine control system, photovoltaic comprehensive power system, base, standard frequency system during standard, communicate TT＆C system, posture and position control
System, rail operation and propulsion system, H_2O maser and information exchange link system, information sensing system, information processing system；
Described photovoltaic comprehensive power system includes power-supply management system, photovoltaic cell group, batteries, self-generating power source；Described
Base, standard frequency system include during standard, spaceborne caesium clock and rubidium clock component system, clock ratio pair and calibration subsystem；Described
Rail operation and puopulsion equipment, including conventional boost motor and microthrust boost motor, described conventional boost motor include chemical fuel
Boost motor, described microthrust boost motor includes cold air boost motor or electricity promotes boost motor or light to promote boost motor, institute
The controller for the boost motor stated includes continuous controller or pulse discrete controller；Described posture and position control system
Including constellation autonomous navigation system, SINS；Described constellation autonomous navigation system, including satellite navigation system receive
Machine, independent navigation module；Described SINS includes fiber-optic gyroscope strapdown inertial navigation system or rate biased laser top
Spiral shell SINS or differential laser gyro SINS；Described laser gyro strap down inertial navigation system is provided with
Error-compensating apparatus, described compensation device include hardware and software；Described differential laser gyro SINS, use
The signal that Pulse subdivision exports to laser gyro is finely divided measurement, to improve Measure Precision；Described communication observing and controlling system
System, including phaselocked loop receiver, digital receiver, digital transmitter, highly reliable answering machine, the amplification of cryogenic refrigeration ultra-low noise
Device, Error-correcting Encoding and Decoding technology, data compression, decompression technique, software and radio technique, chain-circuit system, antenna system, or also wrap
Include laser communication TT＆C system；Described cryogenic refrigeration ultra-low noise amplifier includes using HEMT HEMTs
Amplifier；Described chain-circuit system includes, up over the ground, downlink communication TTC channel subsystem, intersatellite communication observing and controlling chain
Road subsystem；Described system, the differentiation being not necessarily on hardware but differentiation functionally；Described antenna system includes
Single antenna, or array antenna, described single antenna include reflector antenna, and described reflector antenna includes jam lattice
Human relations antenna, described Cassegrain antenna include beam waveguide antenna, the feed form of described Cassegrain antenna, including just
Feedback or offset-fed；Described array antenna includes software process quality array antenna or adaptive antenna array or phased array day
Line, described phased array antenna include conformal phased array antenna either micro-strip phased array antenna or the active phase of digital beam froming
Array antenna is controlled, described conformal phased array antenna includes conformal active phased array antenna, and described micro-strip phased array antenna includes
Gap micro-strip phased array antenna；The scan tracing kinetic control system of described antenna system, including electromechanical servo control system,
Electric scanning control system；Described chain-circuit system, including inter-satellite link system, satellite-ground link system, terrestrial links system；It is described
Inter-satellite link system include the bi-directional exchanges of information link of adjacent satellite before and after any one satellite and same orbital plane, or
Person and the bi-directional exchanges of information link of the adjacent satellite in left and right adjacent orbit face, or it is double with same any one satellite of constellation
To information exchange link；
Described ground communication management system of measurement and control includes, TT＆C Management center, TT＆C Management backup center, ground communication
Stand, ground injection station, ground monitoring station, ground control station；Described ground observing and controlling administrative center, in ground observing and controlling management backup
The heart, ground communication station, ground monitoring station, special communication link is had between ground control station, can enter row information exchange in real time,
To ensure that the seamless link of information between each ground TT＆C Management unit is unimpeded；And this communication link is also connected in taking precautions against natural calamities
The heart, to ensure all about the information taken precautions against natural calamities, can in time, accurate delivery to fire protection center；Described TT＆C Management center, bag
Include huge central computer control system, TT＆C system system total management, total information centring system, communications network system, source mark
Punctual base, standard frequency system, information exchange link system, information processing system, and system backup；Described source standard
When, standard frequency system include, accurate caesium clock and rubidium clock group, or hydrogen maer (microwave amplification by stimulated emission of radiation) atomic clock, or
Person LIT (linear ion capture technique) atomic clock；Described TT＆C Management backup center, is provided with the backup at TT＆C Management center
Device, described backup, including hardware backup, software backup, data backup；Described ground communication station, including computer control
System processed, communication system, information exchange link system, information processing system, antenna system, its task include, and establish and maintain
Communication link between target satellite is unimpeded, in time, it is complete, send information exactly, receive information, pre-process information, pass
The target satellite information transfer of defeated information, described transmission information including the reception that pretreatment is completed is single to related ground
Position, TT＆C Management center, TT＆C Management backup center, receive the control instruction, execute instruction, transmission instruction at TT＆C Management center
Implementing result；Described ground injection station, including computer control system, communication system, information exchange link system, aerial system
System, its task include, the navigation information that TT＆C Management center is sent are injected into the memory of satellite, described navigation letter
The breath including orbit parameter of forecast, satellite equipment working procedure and command information, star ground the clock time difference, beacon frequency mantissa,
Receive the control instruction, execute instruction, transmission instruction execution result at TT＆C Management center；Described ground monitoring station, including meter
Calculation machine control system, base, frequency system during standard, communication system, satellite monitoring system, information exchange link system, at information
Reason system, antenna system；Described satellite monitoring system, including monitoring receiver, weather monitoring device；Its task includes, and searches
Rope, locking, tracking target satellite, the real-time working condition information of target satellite, weather information, the real-time work of target satellite are obtained in time
Condition information includes distance parameter, direction parameter, speed parameter, attitude parameter, equipment status parameter, in time, it is complete, connect exactly
Collect mail and cease, pre-process information, transmit information, described transmission information including the ground for being transferred to correlation for information about acquisition
The relevant ground unit of face unit, TT＆C Management center, TT＆C Management backup center, described receive information, in addition to reception,
The information that TT＆C Management center, TT＆C Management backup center are sent, receive the control instruction at TT＆C Management center, execute instruction,
Send instruction execution result；Described ground control station, including computer control system, communication system, base, frequency system during standard
System, satellite TT＆C system, chain-circuit system, antenna system；Its task includes, control instruction that TT＆C Management center is sent,
Or the instruction that our station obtains according to authority to target satellite instant messages calculation process, send in time to target satellite, and connect
Receive the instruction execution result information that target satellite is beamed back and be sent to TT＆C Management center, the control for receiving TT＆C Management center refers to
Make, execute instruction, transmission instruction execution result；Described communication system, including GCS Ground Communication System and to star communication system, institute
Base, frequency system during the standard stated, including caesium clock and rubidium clock group, and enter with the timing of TT＆C Management central source standard time base system
The device of row Comparison calibration；Described antenna system includes reflector antenna, either beam waveguide antenna system or array day
Linear system is united；Described reflector antenna includes Cassegrain antenna, and described Cassegrain antenna includes beam waveguide antenna, institute
The feed form for the Cassegrain antenna stated, including positive feedback or offset-fed；Described beam waveguide antenna system includes substrate collection
Into wave-guide multiple-beam antenna system, described array antenna system includes software process quality array antenna system or phased array day
Linear system is united；The scan tracing kinetic control system of described antenna system, including electromechanical servo control system, electric scanning control system
System；Described ground communication station, ground monitoring station, the entity state of ground control station, or one of which station are independently built a station,
Either wherein more than the two kinds combinations stood.
A kind of satellite of described LEO constellations, the information processing system described in it, including information pre-processing screening plant；
Described information pre-processing screening plant, including compare screening module；The comparison sieve that described comparison screening module can be realized
Select set of steps, including following relatively screening step group：Wherein, KN represents the current measured value of N kind data, and KBN represents N
The maximum of the permission of kind data, N is natural number；
As N=1, described comparison screening step group comprises the following steps：
Step 201, the maximum KB1 that control data allows is inputted；
Step 202, current measured value is started once compared with permissible value every a derivative time section；
Step 203, the current measured values of K1 compared with permissible value KB1, and following two kinds of subsequent steps are selected；
If K1 currencys are more than permission maximum KB1, control next step programming jump to startup performs the 1st work song program
Step 204；Then jump to immediately again, start once current measured value every a derivative time section is compared with permissible value
Compared with step 202；
If K1 currencys are no more than maximum KB1 is allowed, control next step program jumps directly to, every a differential
Period starts once step 202 of the current measured value compared with permissible value；
As N=2, described comparison screening step group comprises the following steps：
Step 201, input maximum KB1 that each control data allows KB2；
Step 202, current measured value is started once compared with permissible value every a derivative time section；
Step 203, the current measured values of K1 compared with permissible value KB1, and following two kinds of subsequent steps are selected；
If K1 currencys are more than permission maximum KB1, control next step programming jump to startup performs the 1st work song program
Step 204；Then the step 205 the current measured values of K2 compared with permissible value KB2 is jumped to immediately again；
If K1 currencys are no more than maximum KB1 is allowed, control next step program jumps directly to a K2 and currently surveyed
Step 205 of the value compared with permissible value KB2；
Step 205, the current measured values of K2 compared with permissible value KB2, and following two kinds of subsequent steps are selected；
If K2 currencys are more than permission maximum KB2, control next step programming jump to startup performs the 2nd work song program
Step 206；Then jump to immediately again, start once current measured value every a derivative time section is compared with permissible value
Compared with step 202；
If K2 currencys are no more than maximum KB2 is allowed, control next step program jumps directly to, every a differential
Period starts once step 202 of the current measured value compared with permissible value；
As N >=3, described comparison screening step group comprises the following steps：
Step 201, input maximum KB1 that each control data allows ... KBN；
Step 202, current measured value is started once compared with permissible value every a derivative time section；
Step 203, the current measured values of K1 compared with permissible value KB1, and following two kinds of subsequent steps are selected；
If K1 currencys are more than permission maximum KB1, control next step programming jump to startup performs the 1st work song program
Step 204；Then the step 205 the current measured values of K2 compared with permissible value KB2 is jumped to immediately again；
If K1 currencys are no more than maximum KB1 is allowed, control next step program jumps directly to a K2 and currently surveyed
Step 205 of the value compared with permissible value KB2；
Step 205, the current measured values of K2 compared with permissible value KB2, and following two kinds of subsequent steps are selected；
If K2 currencys are more than permission maximum KB2, control next step programming jump to startup performs the 2nd work song program
Step 206；Then the step of current measured values of a K3 are compared with permissible value KB3 is jumped to immediately again；
If K2 currencys are no more than maximum KB2 is allowed, control next step program jumps directly to a K3 and currently surveyed
The step of value is compared with permissible value KB3；
... ... ... ... (N-3 circulation) ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Step 207, the current measured values of KN compared with permissible value KBN, and following two kinds of subsequent steps are selected；
If KN currencys are more than permission maximum KBN, control next step programming jump to startup performs N work song programs
Step 208；Then jump to immediately again and start once current measured value every derivative time section and compared with permissible value
Compared with step 202；
If KN currencys are no more than maximum KBN is allowed, control next step program is jumped directly to every a differential
Period starts once step 202 of the current measured value compared with permissible value.
Described N work song programs, including KN currencys, and the time of measurement, positional information etc. relevant information are stood
Be combined into the packet of an emergency level, and know identification of data packets coding in bag head, be then communicated to H_2O maser and
Information exchange link system；H_2O maser and information exchange link system are immediately described packet selection the fastest path transmission
To the TT＆C Management center of ground communication management system of measurement and control and units concerned；Described identification of data packets coding includes packet
Numbering, information category, emergency priority etc. identification information.
A kind of satellite of described LEO constellations, H_2O maser and information exchange link system described in it, including transmitting-receiving are known
Other device for selection controlling；Described transmitting-receiving identification selection control device, including, to receive information be identified its information category,
Emergency priority, information send the module in direction, and selection determines whether the module of forwarding, and selection determines the module of forward-path.
A kind of satellite of described LEO constellations, the information sensing system described in it, including it is spaceborne panchromatic sensor, spaceborne
Multispectral sensor, spaceborne infrared sensor, spaceborne radar；Described spaceborne panchromatic sensor, including spaceborne photographic camera,
Or video camera；Described spaceborne radar, including synthetic aperture radar.
The satellite of described LEO constellations, its posture and position control system, in addition to celestial navigation system, described day
Literary navigation system, including accurate star sensor, accurate sun sensor, accurate earth sensor.
The satellite of described LEO constellations, in addition to long-distance intelligent system system, described long-distance intelligent system system, including rule
Draw and scheduler module, intelligence perform module, pattern-recognition and reconstructed module based on model, task manager.
The information that apparatus of the present invention can obtain to the remote satellites of LEO constellations, pre-processed, identified, filter out can
The disaster in China or the information of the disaster symptom of a trend can be jeopardized, and be classified as emergency level automatically, select Rational Path to be transferred to as early as possible
Ground communication management system of measurement and control, and be quickly transferred to fire protection center, promptly and accurately first-hand is provided for fire protection center decision-making
Information, valuable time is striven for for disaster prevention；Considerably improve the reliability of information of taking precautions against natural calamities, accuracy, ageing；Together
When keep the commercial operation benefit of observation satellite, reach cost-effective, improve efficiency, improve the degree of accuracy, save the time, there is provided anti-
The beneficial effect of calamity benefit.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of embodiment 2.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1, Fig. 1 are the schematic diagram of embodiment 1, clearly use partial view for drawing, certain LEO star on the earth 10
The satellite 1,3,4,5,6,7,8 of same orbital plane, the rotation direction such as direction of arrow 2, front and rear adjacent two-by-two in seat, (same
The projection of the other satellites of one orbital plane voice-over, so not showing), track is circular orbit, and service cycle is 96 minutes；Defend
Other satellites of star 1,3,4,5,6,7,8 and constellation are each equipped with ultra lightweighting, high-resolution optical remote sensing camera over the ground, thunder
Reach, be observed over the ground during cruise, during visible space by the ground communication station 9 on territory, earthward send information and connect
The information that breath, described transmission information, including the satellite health information of collecting mail and moonscope obtain, can typically be clapped daily
Take the photograph, store, transmitting tens of thousands of square kilometres of image；In cruise, in observation process, the information of acquisition is pre-processed in time,
Identification, screening, described screening criteria determine according to the instruction of ground communication management system of measurement and control；For example, at a time, defend
In the ground observation data that star 3 obtains, the preprocessed, speed that identifies, filter out the object 11 moved to China territory direction
K1 exceedes the speed maximum index KB1 allowed, and information pre-processing screening plant starts the 1st work song program immediately, including K1
Currency, and the time of measurement, positional information etc. relevant information are combined into the packet of an emergency level immediately, and are wrapping
Head knows identification of data packets coding, is then communicated to H_2O maser and information exchange link system；H_2O maser and information exchange
Chain-circuit system encodes according to identification of data packets, identifies it is the high packet of emergency level, immediately according to correlations such as real time positions
Information operation relatively selects that " satellite 3 → satellite, 4 → satellite, 5 → satellite, 6 → satellite, 7 → ground communication station 9 " is described number
Ground communication station 9 is transferred to according to bag selection the fastest path, ground communication station 9 is immediately by the special communication link in ground, institute
The packet selection the fastest path stated is transferred to TT＆C Management center and the fire protection center of ground communication management system of measurement and control；So
Just strive for the pre-warning time of preciousness, improve the efficiency and reliability for work of taking precautions against natural calamities；If do not screen, emergency transmissions these
Device or module, information is transmitted again until satellite 3 runs to the visible space of ground communication station 9, that has been more than 70 points
After clock, if object 11 maintains the former direction of motion and speed always, may first it be reached than satellite 3, it is seen that this strives for
Pre-warning time valuable degree；Also illustrated by the present embodiment, LEO constellations disaster-proof monitoring system of the present invention, can be with
Formed, such as only needed little to the in general Commercial Remote Sensing Satellites system amount of being operated with other observation satellite constellation combinations
Upgrading is improved, or even need to only carry out software upgrading, it is possible to realizes the function of disaster-proof monitoring system, and still ensures original business
The normal operation of industry remote sensing system, it ensure that the sustainable development of whole system；It is, of course, also possible to the permission of other data is set
Maximum index, including, abnormal temperature, abnormal brightness, the change of abnormal large scale, certain parameter of abnormal large area become
Change, abnormal behavior (such as being gone around in circles suddenly in horse boat MH370 flight courses, change course), according to TT＆C Management center
And data class and data value of the fire protection center by scientific appraisal determination determine to be converted to the information that computer can identify, so
Afterwards in input control program.
Embodiment 2, Fig. 2 are the accompanying drawings of embodiment 2, certain LEO constellation, the same orbital plane, rotation direction on the earth 10
Front and rear adjacent two-by-two such as the satellite 1,3,4,5,6,7,8 of the direction of arrow 2, track is circular orbit, and service cycle is 96 points
Clock, the km of orbit altitude 567；Other satellites of satellite 1,3,4,5,6,7,8 and constellation are (projection of other satellites voice-over,
So not showing), during cruise, observation ground, obtain terrestrial information；Each satellite ground on by territory respectively
During the visible space of communication station 9, information and receive information, described transmission information, including satellite health are earthward sent
The information that information and moonscope obtain, this is that row information exchange is entered in timing；Also a kind of information exchange system, is for sometimes
Desired information is imitated, takes the mode sent in time；Each satellite is when observing ground, obtaining terrestrial information, each to acquisition
Information is pre-processed, identified, screened in time, and described screening criteria is true according to the instruction of ground communication management system of measurement and control
It is fixed；It is preprocessed, identify, filter out to the earthwork of state of China in the ground observation data that satellite 3 obtains for example, at a time
Exceed the speed maximum index KB1 allowed to the speed K1 of the object 11 of motion, information pre-processing screening plant starts immediately
1st work song program, including K1 currencys, and the time of measurement, positional information etc. relevant information be combined into immediately one it is tight
The packet of anxious rank, and know identification of data packets coding in bag head, it is then communicated to H_2O maser and information exchange link system
System；H_2O maser and information exchange link system encode according to identification of data packets, identify it is the high packet of emergency level, stand
" 7 → ground of satellite 3 → satellite, 4 → satellite, 5 → satellite, 6 → satellite is relatively selected according to the computing of the relevant information such as real time position
Described packet selection the fastest path is transferred to ground communication station 9 by face communication station 9 "；It is while at a time or another
It is one moment, preprocessed, identify, filter out China territory somewhere and abnormal brightness occur in the ground observation data that satellite 5 obtains
Its value K2 exceedes the brightness maxima index KB2 allowed, and information pre-processing screening plant starts the 2nd work song program immediately, bag
K2 currencys are included, and the time of measurement, positional information etc. relevant information are combined into the packet of an emergency level immediately, and
Know identification of data packets coding in bag head, be then communicated to H_2O maser and information exchange link system；H_2O maser and information
Link exchange system encodes according to identification of data packets, identifies it is the high packet of emergency level, immediately according to real time position etc.
Relevant information computing relatively select " 7 → ground communication station of satellite 5 → satellite, 6 → satellite 9 " described packet selection most
Fast path transmission is to ground communication station 9；While at a time or another moment, ground observation data that satellite 6 obtains
In, it is preprocessed, identify, filter out China territory somewhere occur its value of abnormal temperature K3 exceed allow brightness maxima index
KB3, information pre-processing screening plant start the 3rd work song program immediately, including K3 currencys, and the time of measurement, position letter
Breath etc. relevant information is combined into the packet of an emergency level immediately, and knows identification of data packets coding in bag head, then
It is transferred to H_2O maser and information exchange link system；H_2O maser and information exchange link system are compiled according to identification of data packets
Code, identifies it is the high packet of emergency level, relatively selects " satellite 6 according to the computing of the relevant information such as real time position immediately
Described packet selection the fastest path is transferred to ground communication station 9 by 7 → ground communication station of → satellite 9 "；Ground communication station 9
For any emergence message received, all selected in the very first time by the special communication link in ground, described packet
The fastest path is transferred to TT＆C Management center and the fire protection center of ground communication management system of measurement and control.
Embodiment 3, certain tellurian LEO constellation, track are circular orbit, and service cycle is 96 minutes, orbit altitude 567,000
Rice, the satellite distribution of constellation is in 3 orbital planes, each 12 satellites of orbital plane；To reduce the workload of ground system, reduce
The setting of ground system and maintenance funds, the serviceable condition of real-time monitoring system, improve the survival ability of system, described constellation
It is provided with autonomous operation control system, described autonomous operation control system, including long-distance intelligent system system, independent navigation system
System；Described autonomous navigation system includes, general autonomous navigation system, special autonomous navigation system；Described is general from leading
Boat system, including, all satellites in system, it is equipped with independent navigation subsystem 1, independent navigation subsystem 2；It is described from
Main navigation subsystem 1 includes, and receives the location measurement information of satellite navigation system, the satellite navigation system of temporal information receives
Machine, the information that receiver of satellite navigation system receives and the ephemeris orbit forecast data of this satellite, processing comparison calculation is carried out,
Obtain the independent navigation module of more accurately orbital data；Described independent navigation subsystem 2 includes, to each satellite in system it
Between positional information measure, the ephemeris orbit forecast data with this satellite carries out processing comparison calculation, obtains more accurately
Independent navigation subsystem 2 in the H_2O maser and information exchange link system of orbital data；Described positional information includes, away from
From, range rate, orientation；Subsystem 2, it is a kind of relative position information measurement, it can only provide relative restraint, and it can be protected
It is to have the correct mark post of absolute location information in relative position colony to demonstrate,prove the correct condition of positional information；Subsystem 1, in fact,
And a kind of relative position information measurement, it can ensure that the correct condition of positional information is the absolute position of the navigation system itself
Confidence breath is correct, if there is abnormal conditions, it is impossible to excludes the possibility of its failure；Therefore, to ensure the reliable fortune of this constellation
OK, special navigation subsystem is set, described special navigation subsystem, including, more than 4 uniform mark post satellites in constellation,
Described mark post satellite, including absolute location information guider, described absolute location information guider, including astronomy are led
Boat system, described celestial navigation system, including accurate star sensor, accurate sun sensor, accurate earth sensor；(its
Remaining satellite does not configure, can be with cost-effective)；For the constellation of embodiment 3,6 satellites are selected as position mark post, each track
2, face, same orbital plane are separated by 180 °, 60 ° of the advanced middle orbit face in left track face, the hysteresis middle orbit face in right track face
60 °；The workload of ground system and corresponding device can be so substantially reduced, it is significantly cost-effective, it is reliable to improve system
Property.
In order to describe the present invention in detail, present specification describes some concrete structures and data, it is therefore an objective to is managed beneficial to reader
The content of invention is solved, these concrete structures and data are all non-limiting just for the sake of illustrating, in the claims in the present invention
Basic thought in the range of all or part of equivalent caused by various changes, replacement and the change done, all in the present invention
In scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of LEO constellations disaster-proof monitoring system, it is characterized in that, including LEO constellations, chain-circuit system, ground communication TT＆C Management
System；Described LEO constellations, including, it is distributed in the circular orbit constellation of low orbit；The satellite of described LEO constellations, including calculate
Machine control system, photovoltaic comprehensive power system, base, standard frequency system during standard, communicate TT＆C system, posture and position control
System, rail operation and propulsion system, H_2O maser and information exchange link system, information sensing system, information processing system；
Described photovoltaic comprehensive power system includes power-supply management system, photovoltaic cell group, batteries, self-generating power source；Described
Base, standard frequency system include during standard, spaceborne caesium clock and rubidium clock component system, clock ratio pair and calibration subsystem；Described
Rail operation and puopulsion equipment, including conventional boost motor and microthrust boost motor, described conventional boost motor include chemical fuel
Boost motor, described microthrust boost motor includes cold air boost motor or electricity promotes boost motor or light to promote boost motor, institute
The controller for the boost motor stated includes continuous controller or pulse discrete controller；Described posture and position control system
Including constellation autonomous navigation system, SINS；Described constellation autonomous navigation system, including satellite navigation system receive
Machine, independent navigation module；Described SINS includes fiber-optic gyroscope strapdown inertial navigation system or rate biased laser top
Spiral shell SINS or differential laser gyro SINS；Described laser gyro strap down inertial navigation system is provided with
Error-compensating apparatus, described compensation device include hardware and software；Described differential laser gyro SINS, use
The signal that Pulse subdivision exports to laser gyro is finely divided measurement, to improve Measure Precision；Described communication observing and controlling system
System, including phaselocked loop receiver, digital receiver, digital transmitter, highly reliable answering machine, the amplification of cryogenic refrigeration ultra-low noise
Device, Error-correcting Encoding and Decoding technology, data compression, decompression technique, software and radio technique, chain-circuit system, antenna system, or also wrap
Include laser communication TT＆C system；Described cryogenic refrigeration ultra-low noise amplifier includes using HEMT HEMTs
Amplifier；Described chain-circuit system includes, up over the ground, downlink communication TTC channel subsystem, intersatellite communication observing and controlling chain
Road subsystem；Described system, the differentiation being not necessarily on hardware but differentiation functionally；Described antenna system includes
Single antenna, or array antenna, described single antenna include reflector antenna, and described reflector antenna includes jam lattice
Human relations antenna, described Cassegrain antenna include beam waveguide antenna, the feed form of described Cassegrain antenna, including just
Feedback or offset-fed；Described array antenna includes software process quality array antenna or adaptive antenna array or phased array day
Line, described phased array antenna include conformal phased array antenna either micro-strip phased array antenna or the active phase of digital beam froming
Array antenna is controlled, described conformal phased array antenna includes conformal active phased array antenna, and described micro-strip phased array antenna includes
Gap micro-strip phased array antenna；The scan tracing kinetic control system of described antenna system, including electromechanical servo control system,
Electric scanning control system；Described chain-circuit system, including inter-satellite link system, satellite-ground link system, terrestrial links system；It is described
Inter-satellite link system include the bi-directional exchanges of information link of adjacent satellite before and after any one satellite and same orbital plane, or
Person and the bi-directional exchanges of information link of the adjacent satellite in left and right adjacent orbit face, or it is double with same any one satellite of constellation
To information exchange link；
Described ground communication management system of measurement and control includes, TT＆C Management center, TT＆C Management backup center, ground communication station,
Ground injection station, ground monitoring station, ground control station；Described ground observing and controlling administrative center, ground observing and controlling management backup center,
Ground communication station, ground monitoring station, special communication link is had between ground control station, can enter row information exchange in real time, with
Ensure that the seamless link of information between each ground TT＆C Management unit is unimpeded；And this communication link is also connected to fire protection center,
To ensure all about the information taken precautions against natural calamities, can in time, accurate delivery to fire protection center；Described TT＆C Management center, including
Huge central computer control system, TT＆C system system total management, total information centring system, communications network system, source standard
Shi Ji, standard frequency system, information exchange link system, information processing system, and system backup；During described source standard,
Standard frequency system includes, accurate caesium clock and rubidium clock group, either hydrogen maer atomic clock or LIT atomic clocks；Described observing and controlling pipe
Backup center is managed, is provided with the back-up device at TT＆C Management center, described backup, including hardware backup, software backup, data
Backup；Described ground communication station, including computer control system, communication system, information exchange link system, information processing system
System, antenna system, its task include, establish and maintain the communication link between target satellite unimpeded, in time, completely, accurately
Ground sends information, receive information, pre-processes information, transmits information, described transmission information including the reception that pretreatment is completed
Target satellite information transfer to related ground unit, TT＆C Management center, TT＆C Management backup center, receive TT＆C Management
Control instruction, execute instruction, the transmission instruction execution result at center；Described ground injection station, including computer control system,
Communication system, information exchange link system, antenna system, its task include, the navigation information that TT＆C Management center is sent
It is injected into the memory of satellite, the orbit parameter of described navigation information including forecast, satellite equipment working procedure and refers to
With making information, star the clock time difference, beacon frequency mantissa, receive the control instruction, execute instruction, transmission instruction at TT＆C Management center
Implementing result；Described ground monitoring station, including computer control system, base, standard frequency system during standard, communication system,
Satellite monitoring system, information exchange link system, information processing system, antenna system；Described satellite monitoring system, including prison
Survey receiver, weather monitoring device；Its task includes, and searches for, locks, tracks target satellite, obtains the reality of target satellite in time
When work information, weather information, the real-time working condition information of target satellite includes distance parameter, direction parameter, speed parameter, posture
Parameter, equipment status parameter, in time, it is complete, be accurately received information, pre-process information, transmit information, described transmission letter
Cease including the ground unit for being transferred to correlation for information about of acquisition, TT＆C Management center, TT＆C Management backup center, institute
The receive information stated, in addition to receive relevant ground unit, the letter that TT＆C Management center, TT＆C Management backup center are sent
Breath, receive the control instruction, execute instruction, transmission instruction execution result at TT＆C Management center；Described ground control station, including
Computer control system, communication system, base, standard frequency system, satellite TT＆C system, chain-circuit system, antenna system during standard；
Its task includes, and the control instruction or our station that TT＆C Management center is sent are according to authority to target satellite instant messages
The instruction that calculation process obtains, send in time to target satellite, and receive instruction execution result information that target satellite is beamed back simultaneously
TT＆C Management center is sent to, receives the control instruction, execute instruction, transmission instruction execution result at TT＆C Management center；It is described
Communication system, including GCS Ground Communication System and to star communication system, base, frequency system during described standard, including caesium clock and
Rubidium clock group, and the device of calibration is compared with the timing of TT＆C Management central source standard time base system；Described antenna system
Including reflector antenna, either beam waveguide antenna system or array antenna system；Described reflector antenna includes jam
Glenn antenna, described Cassegrain antenna include beam waveguide antenna, the feed form of described Cassegrain antenna, including
Positive feedback or offset-fed；Described beam waveguide antenna system includes multi-beam antenna of substrate integrated wave-guide system, described array
Antenna system includes software process quality array antenna system or phased array antenna system；The scan tracing of described antenna system
Kinetic control system, including electromechanical servo control system, electric scanning control system；Described ground communication station, ground monitoring station,
The entity state of ground control station, or one of which station are independently built a station, or wherein more than the two kinds combinations stood.
2. a kind of LEO constellations disaster-proof monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described LEO constellations are defended
Star, the information processing system described in it, including information pre-processing screening plant；Described information pre-processing screening plant, including
Compare screening module；The comparison screening set of steps that described comparison screening module can be realized, including following relatively screening step
Rapid group：Wherein, KN represents the current measured value of N kind data, and KBN represents the maximum of the permission of N kind data, and N is nature
Number；
As N=1, described comparison screening step group comprises the following steps：
Step 201, the maximum KB1 that control data allows is inputted；
Step 202, current measured value is started once compared with permissible value every a derivative time section；
Step 203, the current measured values of K1 compared with permissible value KB1, and following two kinds of subsequent steps are selected；
If K1 currencys are more than permission maximum KB1, control next step programming jump to startup performs the 1st work song program
Step 204；Then jump to immediately again, start once current measured value every a derivative time section is compared with permissible value
Compared with step 202；
If K1 currencys are no more than maximum KB1 is allowed, control next step program jumps directly to, every a differential
Period starts once step 202 of the current measured value compared with permissible value；
As N=2, described comparison screening step group comprises the following steps：
Step 201, input maximum KB1 that each control data allows KB2；
Step 202, current measured value is started once compared with permissible value every a derivative time section；
Step 203, the current measured values of K1 compared with permissible value KB1, and following two kinds of subsequent steps are selected；
If K1 currencys are more than permission maximum KB1, control next step programming jump to startup performs the 1st work song program
Step 204；Then the step 205 the current measured values of K2 compared with permissible value KB2 is jumped to immediately again；
If K1 currencys are no more than maximum KB1 is allowed, control next step program jumps directly to a K2 and currently surveyed
Step 205 of the value compared with permissible value KB2；
Step 205, the current measured values of K2 compared with permissible value KB2, and following two kinds of subsequent steps are selected；
If K2 currencys are more than permission maximum KB2, control next step programming jump to startup performs the 2nd work song program
Step 206；Then jump to immediately again, start once current measured value every a derivative time section is compared with permissible value
Compared with step 202；
If K1 currencys are no more than maximum KB1 is allowed, control next step program directly redirects, when a differential
Between section start once step 202 of the current measured value compared with permissible value；
As N >=3, described comparison screening step group comprises the following steps：
Step 201, input maximum KB1 that each control data allows ... KBN；
Step 202, current measured value is started once compared with permissible value every a derivative time section；
Step 203, the current measured values of K1 compared with permissible value KB1, and following two kinds of subsequent steps are selected；
If K1 currencys are more than permission maximum KB1, control next step programming jump to startup performs the 1st work song program
Step 204；Then the step 205 the current measured values of K2 compared with permissible value KB2 is jumped to immediately again；
If K1 currencys are no more than maximum KB1 is allowed, control next step program jumps directly to a K2 and currently surveyed
Step 205 of the value compared with permissible value KB2；
Step 205, the current measured values of K2 compared with permissible value KB2, and following two kinds of subsequent steps are selected；
If K2 currencys are more than permission maximum KB2, control next step programming jump to startup performs the 2nd work song program
Step 206；Then the step of current measured values of a K3 are compared with permissible value KB3 is jumped to immediately again；
If K2 currencys are no more than maximum KB2 is allowed, control next step program jumps directly to a K3 and currently surveyed
The step of value is compared with permissible value KB3；
... ... ... ... (N-3 circulation) ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Step 207, the current measured values of KN compared with permissible value KBN, and following two kinds of subsequent steps are selected；
If KN currencys are more than permission maximum KBN, control next step programming jump to startup performs N work song programs
Step 208；Then jump to immediately again and start once current measured value every derivative time section and compared with permissible value
Compared with step 202；
If KN currencys are no more than maximum KBN is allowed, control next step program is jumped directly to every a differential
Period starts once step 202 of the current measured value compared with permissible value；
Described N work song programs, including KN currencys, and the time of measurement, positional information etc. relevant information group immediately
The packet of an emergency level is synthesized, and knows identification of data packets coding in bag head, is then communicated to H_2O maser and information
Link exchange system；H_2O maser and information exchange link system are transferred to ground described packet selection the fastest path immediately
The TT＆C Management center of face communication management system of measurement and control and units concerned；Described identification of data packets coding includes packet volume
Number, information category, emergency priority etc. identification information.
3. a kind of LEO constellations disaster-proof monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described LEO constellations are defended
Star, H_2O maser and information exchange link system described in it, including transmitting-receiving identification selection control device；Described transmitting-receiving identification
Device for selection controlling, including, the module that its information category, emergency priority, information is identified and sends direction to receiving information, choosing
The module for determining whether forwarding is selected, selection determines the module of forward-path.
4. a kind of LEO constellations disaster-proof monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described LEO constellations are defended
Star, the information sensing system described in it, including spaceborne panchromatic sensor, satellite-borne multispectral sensor, spaceborne infrared sensor, star
Carry radar；Described spaceborne panchromatic sensor, including spaceborne photographic camera, or video camera；Described spaceborne radar, including
Synthetic aperture radar.
5. a kind of LEO constellations disaster-proof monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described LEO constellations are defended
Star, its posture and position control system, in addition to celestial navigation system, described celestial navigation system, including accurate star are sensitive
Device, accurate sun sensor, accurate earth sensor.
6. a kind of LEO constellations disaster-proof monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described LEO constellations are defended
Star, in addition to long-distance intelligent system system, described long-distance intelligent system system, including planning and scheduling module, intelligence perform body mould
Block, pattern-recognition and reconstructed module based on model, task manager.
7. a kind of LEO constellations disaster-proof monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described constellation systems are set
There are autonomous operation control system, described autonomous operation control system, including long-distance intelligent system system, autonomous navigation system；Institute
The long-distance intelligent system system stated, including planning and scheduling module, intelligence perform module, pattern-recognition and reconstruct based on model
Module, task manager；Described autonomous navigation system includes, general autonomous navigation system, special autonomous navigation system；It is described
General autonomous navigation system, including, all satellites in system are equipped with independent navigation subsystem 1, and independent navigation point is
System 2；Described independent navigation subsystem 1 includes, and receives the location measurement information of satellite navigation system, the satellite of temporal information is led
Navigate system receiver, the information that receiver of satellite navigation system receives and the ephemeris orbit forecast data of this satellite, is located
Comparison calculation is managed, obtains the independent navigation module of more accurately orbital data；Described independent navigation subsystem 2 includes, to being
Positional information in system between each satellite measures, and the ephemeris orbit forecast data with this satellite, carries out processing comparison calculation,
Obtain the independent navigation module in the more accurately H_2O maser of orbital data and information exchange link system；Described position letter
Breath includes, distance, range rate, orientation；Described special navigation subsystem, including, more than 4 uniform mark posts in constellation
Satellite, described mark post satellite, including absolute location information guider, described absolute location information guider, including
Celestial navigation system, described celestial navigation system, including accurate star sensor, accurate sun sensor, the accurate earth are sensitive
Device.
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