CN107816974B - Device and method for measuring vision distance of tunnel entrance driving - Google Patents
Device and method for measuring vision distance of tunnel entrance driving Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for measuring the sight distance of a driving vehicle at a tunnel entrance, wherein the device comprises an industrial camera and a target, the target comprises more than two targets and is arranged inside a tunnel opening according to preset intervals, and the industrial camera is arranged outside the tunnel opening and is used for collecting images of the target in the tunnel opening; the horizontal distance between the industrial camera and the tunnel portal is L1, the horizontal distance between a first target in the tunnel portal and the tunnel portal is L2, and the distance between two adjacent targets is L3; the measuring device calculates the driving sight distance L according to the number n of targets visible to human eyes in the image; the device has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, stable and reliable measurement result, and is particularly suitable for measuring the driving vision distance of the tunnel portal; the automatic dimming control device can be used for automatically dimming and controlling the tunnel lighting system through the driving sight distance, so that the driving safety is ensured, and the electric quantity waste is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device and a corresponding method for measuring the sight distance of a driving at a tunnel entrance.
Background
The driving sight distance of a driver is an important condition for ensuring driving safety, is a quantitative index for evaluating the quality of the visual environment of a road, and is an important premise for improving the safe driving of a vehicle. The current sight distance detection method mainly comprises sight distance detection based on running vehicle speed, sight distance detection of different roads and vehicle types and three-dimensional dynamic sight distance calculation of roads.
However, the line-of-sight detection based on the running speed and the line-of-sight detection of different roads and vehicle types are mainly applicable to common roads and are not applicable to the line-of-sight measurement of tunnel openings; the road three-dimensional dynamic vision distance detection method considers influence factors of more vision distances and can reflect real road conditions, but the road three-dimensional model is built by detailed road geometric information, the model is built more complicated, and the vision distance detection efficiency is not high due to the fact that the built road possibly has a lack of design data and is more in later reconstruction and expansion, and the modeling difficulty is high.
Because the brightness difference between the inside and the outside of the tunnel is extremely large in the daytime, the perception of the brightness difference by human eyes can adapt to hysteresis, so that people can suddenly generate the feeling of 'black holes', and traffic accidents are extremely easy to occur if the speed of the vehicle is too high. In order to eliminate the black hole effect of the expressway tunnel and relieve the mind load of a driver entering and exiting the tunnel portal, the illumination of the entrance of the expressway tunnel needs to be reasonably designed so as to realize stable transition between the brightness in the tunnel and the natural brightness outside the tunnel on the premise of meeting the minimum brightness.
Currently, tunnel lighting designers typically divide tunnels into four segments, an entrance segment, a transition segment, a middle segment, and an exit segment, according to specifications to design lighting. The length and the illumination of each section are based on annual driving safety requirements, and the design of the maximum illumination in the tunnel is to determine the lamp power and the lamp distribution density of each section in the tunnel according to the maximum brightness outside the tunnel and the highest driving speed. The automatic control of illumination can be realized only in a limited way, and usually, 2 and 3 levels of manual or automatic control can be realized only due to the limitation of a circuit wiring loop, parameters such as weather, vehicle speed, vehicle flow and the like are only considered to be maximum in the design stage, and finally, the length and illumination of each illumination section are always in the maximum state. The time-varying parameters such as weather, vehicle speed, vehicle flow and the like cannot be modulated in a self-adaptive manner on the macroscopic illumination of the whole tunnel. Thus, the conventional design and use of tunnel lighting systems currently has a significant power waste problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems, and provides a device and a method for measuring the sight distance of a driving at a tunnel entrance, which have the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, and stable and reliable measurement results, and are particularly suitable for measuring the sight distance of the driving at a tunnel entrance.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a tunnel entrance drive line-of-sight measurement device, comprising: the industrial camera (10) and the target (20), wherein the target (20) comprises more than two targets and is arranged inside the tunnel portal (30) at preset intervals, and the industrial camera (10) is arranged outside the tunnel portal (30) and is used for collecting images of the target (20) in the tunnel portal (30); the horizontal distance between the industrial camera (10) and the tunnel portal (30) is L1, the horizontal distance between a first target (20) in the tunnel portal (30) and the tunnel portal (30) is L2, and the distance between two adjacent targets (20) is L3; the measuring device calculates the driving vision distance L from the number n of targets (20) visible to the human eye in the image, i.e. driving vision distance l=l1+l2+ (n-1) ×l3.
Preferably, the industrial camera (10) comprises two industrial cameras, wherein one industrial camera (10) is used for shooting a large-view-angle image to acquire field brightness, and the other industrial camera (20) is used for shooting a far-focus image to acquire the number of targets (20) in the image; and judging the number n of targets (20) visible to human eyes in the far-focus image according to the field brightness in the large-view-angle image.
Preferably, the installation height H1 of the industrial camera (10) is 2.5 meters from the ground, and the horizontal distance L1 between the industrial camera (10) and the tunnel portal (30) is 40 meters.
Preferably, the total number of targets (20) is 6, the mounting height H2 of each target (20) is 1 m from the ground, the horizontal distance L2 between the first target (20) and the tunnel opening (30) in the tunnel opening (30) is 50 m, and the distance L3 between two adjacent targets (20) is 10 m.
Preferably, the industrial camera (10) is placed in a thermostatic shield.
Preferably, the target surface of the target (10) is a non-luminous round flat plate and is vertically arranged on the tunnel side wall through a support frame; the target (10) has a target surface diameter of 0.2 meters.
Correspondingly, the invention also provides a method for measuring the sight distance of the driving at the entrance of the tunnel, which comprises the following steps:
a. the method comprises the steps that targets (20) are arranged in a tunnel portal (30), the targets (20) comprise more than two targets and are arranged at preset intervals, the horizontal distance between a first target (20) in the tunnel portal (30) and the tunnel portal (30) is L2, and the interval between two adjacent targets (20) is L3;
b. an industrial camera (10) is arranged outside a tunnel portal (30) and is used for acquiring images of targets (20) in the tunnel portal (30), and the horizontal distance between the industrial camera (10) and the tunnel portal (30) is L1;
c. calculating a driving vision distance L according to the number n of targets (20) visible to human eyes in an image of the targets (20) acquired by the industrial camera (10), namely, the driving vision distance l=l1+l2+ (n-1) x L3.
Preferably, in the step b, the industrial camera (10) acquires an image of the target (20) in the tunnel portal (30), and further includes:
b1. shooting a large-view image, obtaining an image gray value by carrying out gray calculation on the large-view image, and carrying out mapping calculation according to the image gray value to obtain corresponding view field brightness;
b2. and shooting far-focus images, and acquiring the number of targets (20) in the images by extracting features of the far-focus images.
Preferably, in the step b2, feature extraction is performed on the far-focus image, that is, all edges in the image are obtained by performing edge detection on the far-focus image, the edges are filtered by a morphological filtering algorithm, and finally, image features matched with the target (20) are extracted by a target matching algorithm.
Preferably, in the step c, the calculating of the number n of targets (20) visible to the human eye further includes:
c1. extracting image features of each target and adjacent areas in the far-focus image; the image features include any one or a combination of two or more of the following: gray mean, gray variance, edge intensity, edge length, color distribution, color deviation;
c2. a classification algorithm combining fuzzy reasoning with a support vector machine is adopted, and for each target (20), the image characteristics of the far focus image and the field brightness of the corresponding position of the large visual angle image are taken as inputs, and whether the target is visible or not is taken as output, so that the target visibility is automatically judged;
c. the number of targets visible to the human eye was counted.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
according to the device and the method for measuring the driving vision distance of the tunnel entrance, disclosed by the invention, the industrial camera is arranged outside the tunnel entrance to shoot the target in the tunnel entrance, and the driving vision distance is calculated according to the number of the identified targets; the automatic dimming control device can be used for automatically dimming and controlling the tunnel lighting system through the driving sight distance, so that the driving safety is ensured, and the electric quantity waste is reduced.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation on the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a layout structure of a vision distance measuring device for a tunnel entrance;
in the drawing the view of the figure,
10-an industrial camera; 20-target; 30-tunnel portal;
l1-horizontal distance between the industrial camera and the tunnel portal; the horizontal distance between the L2-target and the tunnel portal; spacing between L3-targets; h1-mounting height of industrial camera; h2-mounting height of target.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects to be solved more clear, the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a device for measuring a viewing distance of a tunnel entrance driving of the present invention includes: an industrial camera 10 and a target 20, wherein the target 20 comprises more than two targets and is arranged inside a tunnel portal 30 at preset intervals, and the industrial camera 10 is arranged outside the tunnel portal 30 and is used for acquiring images of the target 20 inside the tunnel portal 30; the horizontal distance between the industrial camera 10 and the tunnel portal 30 is L1, the horizontal distance between the first target 20 in the tunnel portal 30 and the tunnel portal 30 is L2, and the distance between two adjacent targets 20 is L3; the measuring device calculates the line of sight L from the number n of targets 20 visible to the human eye in the image, i.e. line of sight l=l1+l2+ (n-1) x L3.
In this embodiment, the industrial camera 10 includes two industrial cameras, wherein one industrial camera 10 is used for capturing a large-view image to obtain the brightness of the field of view, and the other industrial camera 20 is used for capturing a far-focus image to obtain the number of targets 20 in the image; and judging the number n of targets 20 visible to human eyes in the far-focus image according to the field brightness in the large-view-angle image. Alternatively, only one industrial camera 10 may be used to capture an image, and field brightness information and target feature information may be obtained from the captured image; an industrial camera 10 may also be used to capture the large view angle image and the far focus image sequentially. In this embodiment, two industrial cameras 10 are adopted to respectively shoot the large-view-angle image and the far-focus image, so that the working efficiency and the image precision are both higher, and the measurement accuracy is ensured. Preferably, the large-view angle image and the far-focus image are used as effective images after confirming that no passing vehicle shielding condition exists in the images.
Mounting size: the mounting dimensions of the industrial camera 10 and target 20 of the present invention are primarily intended to simulate the human eye vision of an automobile in entering a tunnel portal. In this embodiment, the installation height H1 of the industrial camera 10 is 2.5 meters from the ground, and the horizontal distance between the industrial camera 10 and the tunnel portal 30 is L1 and 40 meters. The total number of targets 20 is 6, the installation height H2 of each target 20 is 1 meter away from the ground, the horizontal distance L2 between the first target 20 in the tunnel portal 30 and the tunnel portal 30 is 50 meters, and the distance L3 between two adjacent targets 20 is 10 meters. If the first target is detected, the driving sight distance is more than 90 meters (40 meters plus 50 meters), if the second target is detected, the driving sight distance is more than 100 meters, and the like, if one is not detected, the driving sight distance is less than 90 meters. The number of targets 20 can be adjusted according to different measurement accuracy requirements, but is not limited thereto.
The mounting structure comprises: the industrial camera 10 is placed in a constant temperature protective cover and matched with a professional bracket, a vertical rod and a mounting foundation, is mounted at a position 40 meters in front of the outside of a tunnel entrance hole, is 2.5m away from the ground and faces the hole, and is used for collecting images inside and outside the entrance hole. The industrial camera is powered by mains supply, and the image output interface is a network port. The target surface of the target 10 is a non-luminous round flat plate and is vertically arranged on the side wall of the tunnel through a support frame; the target 10 has a target surface diameter of 0.2 meters.
In addition, the invention also provides a method for measuring the sight distance of the driving at the entrance of the tunnel, which comprises the following steps:
a. the method comprises the steps that targets 20 are arranged in a tunnel portal 30, wherein the targets 20 comprise more than two targets and are arranged at preset intervals, the horizontal distance between a first target 20 in the tunnel portal 30 and the tunnel portal 30 is L2, and the interval between two adjacent targets 20 is L3;
b. an industrial camera 10 is arranged outside a tunnel portal 30 and is used for acquiring images of a target 20 in the tunnel portal 30, and the horizontal distance between the industrial camera 10 and the tunnel portal 30 is L1;
c. the line of sight L is calculated from the number n of targets 20 visible to the human eye in the image of targets 20 acquired by the industrial camera 10, i.e. l=l1+l2+ (n-1) x L3.
In the step b, the industrial camera 10 collects the image of the target 20 in the tunnel portal 30, and further includes:
b1. shooting a large-view image, obtaining an image gray value by carrying out gray calculation on the large-view image, and carrying out mapping calculation according to the image gray value to obtain corresponding view field brightness;
b2. a far-focus image is taken, and the number of targets 20 in the image is obtained by feature extraction of the far-focus image.
In the step b2, feature extraction is performed on the far-focus image, that is, edge detection is performed on the far-focus image to obtain all edges in the image, the edges are filtered through a morphological filtering algorithm, and finally, image features matched with the target 20 are extracted through a target matching algorithm.
In the step c, the calculating of the number n of targets 20 visible to human eyes further includes:
c1. extracting image features of each target and adjacent areas in the far-focus image; the image features include any one or a combination of two or more of the following: gray mean, gray variance, edge intensity, edge length, color distribution, color deviation;
c2. a classification algorithm combining fuzzy reasoning with a support vector machine is adopted, and for each target 20, the image characteristics of the far-focus image and the field brightness of the corresponding position of the large-view-angle image are taken as input, and whether the target is visible or not is taken as output, so that the target visibility is automatically judged;
c. the number of targets visible to the human eye was counted.
It should be noted that, in the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described as different from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to be referred to each other.
While the foregoing description illustrates and describes the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein, but is not to be construed as limited to other embodiments, but is capable of use in various other combinations, modifications and environments and is capable of changes or modifications within the scope of the inventive concept, either as described above or as a matter of skill or knowledge in the relevant art. And that modifications and variations which do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A tunnel entrance driving vision distance measuring device, characterized by comprising: the industrial camera (10) and the target (20), wherein the target (20) comprises more than two targets and is arranged inside the tunnel portal (30) at preset intervals, and the industrial camera (10) is arranged outside the tunnel portal (30) and is used for collecting images of the target (20) in the tunnel portal (30); the industrial camera (10) comprises two industrial cameras, wherein one industrial camera (10) is used for shooting a large-view-angle image to acquire field brightness, and the other industrial camera (20) is used for shooting a far-focus image to acquire the number of targets (20) in the image; judging the number n of targets (20) visible to human eyes in the far-focus image according to the field brightness in the large-view-angle image; the horizontal distance between the industrial camera (10) and the tunnel portal (30) is L1, the horizontal distance between a first target (20) in the tunnel portal (30) and the tunnel portal (30) is L2, and the distance between two adjacent targets (20) is L3; the measuring device calculates a driving sight distance L according to the number n of targets (20) visible to human eyes in the far-focus image, namely, the driving sight distance l=l1+l2+ (n-1) x L3;
the industrial camera (10) captures images of a target (20) within a tunnel portal (30), comprising:
shooting a large-view image, obtaining an image gray value by carrying out gray calculation on the large-view image, and carrying out mapping calculation according to the image gray value to obtain corresponding view field brightness;
shooting far-focus images, and obtaining the number of targets (20) in the images by extracting features of the far-focus images;
extracting features of the far-focus image, namely performing edge detection on the far-focus image to obtain all edges in the far-focus image, filtering the edges through a morphological filtering algorithm, and finally extracting image features matched with the target (20) through a target matching algorithm;
calculation of the number n of targets (20) visible to the human eye, comprising:
extracting image features of each target and adjacent areas in the far-focus image; the image features include any one or a combination of two or more of the following: gray mean, gray variance, edge intensity, edge length, color distribution, color deviation;
a classification algorithm combining fuzzy reasoning with a support vector machine is adopted, and for each target (20), the image characteristics of the far focus image and the field brightness of the corresponding position of the large visual angle image are taken as inputs, and whether the target is visible or not is taken as output, so that the target visibility is automatically judged;
the number of targets visible to the human eye was counted.
2. The tunnel entrance drive line-of-sight measuring device of claim 1, wherein: the installation height H1 of the industrial camera (10) is 2.5 meters from the ground, and the horizontal distance L1 between the industrial camera (10) and the tunnel portal (30) is 40 meters.
3. The tunnel entrance drive line-of-sight measuring device of claim 1, wherein: the total number of targets (20) is 6, the installation height H2 of each target (20) is 1 meter away from the ground, the horizontal distance L2 between the first target (20) in the tunnel portal (30) and the tunnel portal (30) is 50 meters, and the distance L3 between two adjacent targets (20) is 10 meters.
4. A tunnel entrance drive line of sight measuring apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the industrial camera (10) is placed in a constant temperature protective cover.
5. A tunnel entrance drive line of sight measuring apparatus according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: the target surface of the target (10) is a non-luminous round flat plate and is vertically arranged on the tunnel side wall through a support frame; the target (10) has a target surface diameter of 0.2 meters.
6. The method for measuring the sight distance of the driving at the entrance of the tunnel is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
a. the method comprises the steps that targets (20) are arranged in a tunnel portal (30), the targets (20) comprise more than two targets and are arranged at preset intervals, the horizontal distance between a first target (20) in the tunnel portal (30) and the tunnel portal (30) is L2, and the interval between two adjacent targets (20) is L3;
b. an industrial camera (10) is arranged outside a tunnel portal (30) and is used for acquiring images of targets (20) in the tunnel portal (30), and the horizontal distance between the industrial camera (10) and the tunnel portal (30) is L1; the industrial camera (10) comprises two industrial cameras, wherein one industrial camera (10) is used for shooting a large-view-angle image to acquire field brightness, and the other industrial camera (20) is used for shooting a far-focus image to acquire the number of targets (20) in the image; judging the number n of targets (20) visible to human eyes in the far-focus image according to the field brightness in the large-view-angle image;
c. calculating a driving vision distance L according to the number n of targets (20) visible to human eyes in a far-focus image of the targets (20) acquired by the industrial camera (10), namely, the driving vision distance l=l1+l2+ (n-1) x L3;
in the step b, the industrial camera (10) acquires the image of the target (20) in the tunnel portal (30), and the method comprises the following steps:
b1. shooting a large-view image, obtaining an image gray value by carrying out gray calculation on the large-view image, and carrying out mapping calculation according to the image gray value to obtain corresponding view field brightness;
b2. shooting far-focus images, and obtaining the number of targets (20) in the images by extracting features of the far-focus images;
in the step b2, feature extraction is performed on the far-focus image, namely, edge detection is performed on the far-focus image to obtain all edges in the far-focus image, the edges are filtered through a morphological filtering algorithm, and finally, image features matched with the target (20) are extracted through a target matching algorithm;
in said step c, the calculation of the number n of targets (20) visible to the human eye comprises:
c1. extracting image features of each target and adjacent areas in the far-focus image; the image features include any one or a combination of two or more of the following: gray mean, gray variance, edge intensity, edge length, color distribution, color deviation;
c2. a classification algorithm combining fuzzy reasoning with a support vector machine is adopted, and for each target (20), the image characteristics of the far focus image and the field brightness of the corresponding position of the large visual angle image are taken as inputs, and whether the target is visible or not is taken as output, so that the target visibility is automatically judged;
c. the number of targets visible to the human eye was counted.
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| CN102230794A (en) * | 2011-04-01 | 2011-11-02 | 北京航空航天大学 | Method for dynamically measuring sight distance of drivers based on video |
| CN103245336A (en) * | 2013-05-20 | 2013-08-14 | 苏州大学 | Distance measuring device for distance jumping event |
| CN207832184U (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-09-07 | 厦门市智联信通物联网科技有限公司 | Tunnel portal driving sight distance measuring device |
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| CN102230794A (en) * | 2011-04-01 | 2011-11-02 | 北京航空航天大学 | Method for dynamically measuring sight distance of drivers based on video |
| CN103245336A (en) * | 2013-05-20 | 2013-08-14 | 苏州大学 | Distance measuring device for distance jumping event |
| CN207832184U (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-09-07 | 厦门市智联信通物联网科技有限公司 | Tunnel portal driving sight distance measuring device |
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