CN107814818A - One kind four(Trimethylsiloxy group)The synthesis technique of silane - Google Patents

One kind four(Trimethylsiloxy group)The synthesis technique of silane Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107814818A
CN107814818A CN201711420045.4A CN201711420045A CN107814818A CN 107814818 A CN107814818 A CN 107814818A CN 201711420045 A CN201711420045 A CN 201711420045A CN 107814818 A CN107814818 A CN 107814818A
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China
Prior art keywords
reaction
silane
trimethylsiloxy group
hmdo
synthesis technique
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CN201711420045.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陈其
张宇
王欣
胡江华
阮少阳
陈圣云
甘俊
甘书官
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Jingzhou Jianghan Fine Chemical Co Ltd
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Jingzhou Jianghan Fine Chemical Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201711420045.4A priority Critical patent/CN107814818A/en
Publication of CN107814818A publication Critical patent/CN107814818A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07FACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F7/00Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
    • C07F7/02Silicon compounds
    • C07F7/08Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
    • C07F7/0834Compounds having one or more O-Si linkage
    • C07F7/0838Compounds with one or more Si-O-Si sequences
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07FACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F7/00Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
    • C07F7/02Silicon compounds
    • C07F7/08Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
    • C07F7/0834Compounds having one or more O-Si linkage
    • C07F7/0838Compounds with one or more Si-O-Si sequences
    • C07F7/0872Preparation and treatment thereof
    • C07F7/0874Reactions involving a bond of the Si-O-Si linkage

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to one kind four(Trimethylsiloxy group)The synthesis technique of silane, belong to organosilicon synthesis chemical field.The present invention is using silicon tetrachloride, HMDO as raw material, under conditions of acid catalyst, reaction generation four(Trimethylsiloxy group)Silane.Reaction is filtered under diminished pressure after terminating, and stratification simultaneously collects upper solution, and trim,ethylchlorosilane is distilled out under normal pressure, is then being evaporated under reduced pressure out excessive HMDO raw material and four(Trimethylsiloxy group)Silane product.The present invention has simple in production process operation, and production cost is low, easily separated, high income, quality better, and product content reaches more than 99.0%, and three substitution by-products contents are less than 0.1%, and molar yield reaches more than 96.8%.

Description

One kind four(Trimethylsiloxy group)The synthesis technique of silane
Technical field
The present invention relates to one kind four(Trimethylsiloxy group)The synthesis technique of silane, belong to organosilicon synthesis chemical field.
Background technology
Four(Trimethylsiloxy group)Silane is a kind of important silicone intermediate, belongs to silanes, is widely used in all The synthesis of more cosmetics, it is related to skin care item, hair products, ultraviolet protection product, perfume, face cream, emulsion, sun-screening agent, facial mask, palpus Water, makeup cosmetic etc. afterwards.The silane structure is symmetrical structure, i.e., by four chlorine atoms in silicon tetrachloride all by trimethyl The product of siloxy substitution, is a kind of oiliness organo-silicon compound, and product chemical property is highly stable, nontoxic, and for human body Skin does not have an excitant, and use is very safe.
On four(Trimethylsiloxy group)The synthesis document of silane is less, only a small amount of patent literature.Patent EP The synthesis technique of 1607081A1 reports is fairly simple, is directly urged using tetramethoxy-silicane with HMDO in acidity Under agent, react to obtain with water.But there is following four in the technique:(1)Relative to silicon tetrachloride, tetramethoxy-silicane Alkane it is active relatively low, when being reacted with HMDO, four methoxy groups are difficult to thoroughly be substituted on molecule, there is 2 ~ 5% The accessory substance of content(Three substituted compounds)Generation;(2)The boiling point of three substituent boiling points and product is very close, in production process In, energy consumption of rectification is big, and is still difficult to obtain the product of high content;(3)A large amount of methanol containing sour water are produced in this method course of reaction, Water easily produces azeotropic, bad separation, it is difficult to recycling, cause high expensive with methanol.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to:There is provided that a kind of technique is simple, and cost is low, product content is high, and the substituent of accessory substance three contains Measure low four(Trimethylsiloxy group)The synthesis technique of silane.
The technical scheme is that:
One kind four(Trimethylsiloxy group)The synthesis technique of silane, it is characterised in that it comprises the following steps:
1), with mechanical agitation, constant pressure titration funnel and condenser reactor in put into a certain amount of silica of hexamethyl two Alkane, reaction system is cooled using ice-water bath mode, and after system temperature reaches 1 ~ 5 DEG C, catalyst, machine are added into reaction system 0.5 ~ 3h of the lower reaction of tool stirring.
2), keep temperature of reaction system be 1 ~ 5 DEG C, weigh a certain amount of silicon tetrachloride be added to constant pressure titration funnel, open Beginning dropwise reaction, the time for adding of silicon tetrachloride is 0.5 ~ 3h, after dripping, continues 1 ~ 5h of reaction;Kept back in course of reaction It is -10 ~ -5 DEG C to flow device condensation temperature;
3), after reaction terminates, reaction mother liquor is transferred in separatory funnel, stratification 1h, upper strata is organic layer, and lower floor is urges Agent(It is repeatable to utilize).
4), collect upper strata after, distill out trim,ethylchlorosilane at ambient pressure, distill obtained trim,ethylchlorosilane quantitative Water in the presence of, reaction is hydrolyzed and obtains HMDO, can reuse;Then it is evaporated under reduced pressure out excessive six Tetramethyldisiloxane raw material, obtains four(Trimethylsiloxy group)Silane product;
The chemical equation of the present invention is as follows:
Described catalyst is the concentrated sulfuric acid.The addition of catalyst is the 0.1 ~ 2% of HMDO quality.
Described silicon tetrachloride and HMDO mol ratio are 1:4.1.
The advantage of the invention is that:
1), synthesis technique provided by the invention, it is necessary to distillation equipment it is relatively easy, and distillation efficiency is higher, is more suitable for industry Metaplasia is produced.
2), relative to tetramethoxy-silicane, use the silicon tetrachloride of high activity under the conditions of anhydrous, to pass through for raw material Acid catalyst synthesizes to obtain four(Trimethylsiloxy group)Silane product, cost is low, easily separated, high income, quality better, three in product By-products content is substituted to be less than 0.1%, product content reaches more than 99.0%, and molar yield reaches more than 96.8%.
3), generation trim,ethylchlorosilane, easily recovery, can be re-used for synthesize HMDO.Meanwhile urge The agent concentrated sulfuric acid can reuse, both economically and environmentally beneficial.
4), four(Trimethylsiloxy group)Silane product is widely used in a variety of cosmetics, has huge development space with before Scape.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
665.8g is added in tetra- mouthfuls of reaction flasks of 2000ml with mechanical agitation, constant pressure titration funnel and condenser (4.1mol)HMDO, reaction system is cooled using ice-water bath mode, after system temperature reaches 0 ~ 5 DEG C, to anti- The addition 13.0g catalyst concentrated sulfuric acids in system are answered, react 1h under mechanical agitation.
Then 169.9g tetrachloro silicanes are weighed(1mol)It is added in constant pressure funnel, starts dropwise reaction, during dropwise addition Between be 1h, maintain the reflux for -10~-5 DEG C of device condensation temperature during this.After silicon tetrachloride drips, continue at this temperature React 3h.After reaction terminates, reaction mother liquor is transferred in separatory funnel, stratification 1h, upper strata is organic layer, and lower floor is to urge The agent concentrated sulfuric acid(It is repeatable to utilize).After collecting upper strata, trim,ethylchlorosilane is distilled out at ambient pressure, was then evaporated under reduced pressure out The HMDO raw material of amount, finally obtains four(Trimethylsiloxy group)Silane product 376.4g, content are 99.0% production Product, molar yield 96.8%(Calculated with silicon tetrachloride).
Embodiment 2
665.8g is added in tetra- mouthfuls of reaction flasks of 2000ml with mechanical agitation, constant pressure titration funnel and condenser (4.1mol)HMDO, reaction system is cooled using ice-water bath mode, after system temperature reaches 0 ~ 5 DEG C, to anti- The addition 10.0g catalyst concentrated sulfuric acids in system are answered, react 1h under mechanical agitation.
Then 169.9g tetrachloro silicanes are weighed(1mol)It is added in constant pressure funnel, starts dropwise reaction, during dropwise addition Between be 1.5h, maintain the reflux for -10~-5 DEG C of device condensation temperature during this.After silicon tetrachloride drips, continue in this temperature Lower reaction 2.5h.After reaction terminates, reaction mother liquor is transferred in separatory funnel, stratification 1h, upper strata is organic layer, lower floor For the catalyst concentrated sulfuric acid(It is repeatable to utilize).After collecting upper strata, trim,ethylchlorosilane is distilled out at ambient pressure, is then evaporated under reduced pressure Go out excessive HMDO raw material, finally obtain four(Trimethylsiloxy group)Silane product 377.1g, content 99.1% Product, molar yield 97.1%.
Embodiment 3
665.8g is added in tetra- mouthfuls of reaction flasks of 2000ml with mechanical agitation, constant pressure titration funnel and condenser (4.1mol)HMDO, reaction system is cooled using ice-water bath mode, after system temperature reaches 0 ~ 5 DEG C, to anti- The addition 8.0g catalyst concentrated sulfuric acids in system are answered, react 1h under mechanical agitation.
Then 169.9g tetrachloro silicanes are weighed(1mol)It is added in constant pressure funnel, starts dropwise reaction, during dropwise addition Between be 2h, maintain the reflux for -10~-5 DEG C of device condensation temperature during this.After silicon tetrachloride drips, continue at this temperature React 2.5h.After reaction terminates, reaction mother liquor is transferred in separatory funnel, stratification 1h, upper strata is organic layer, and lower floor is The catalyst concentrated sulfuric acid(It is repeatable to utilize).After collecting upper strata, trim,ethylchlorosilane is distilled out at ambient pressure, is then evaporated under reduced pressure out Excessive HMDO raw material, finally obtains four(Trimethylsiloxy group)Silane product 379.4g, content are 99.3% Product, molar yield 97.8%.
Embodiment 4
665.8g is added in tetra- mouthfuls of reaction flasks of 2000ml with mechanical agitation, constant pressure titration funnel and condenser (4.1mol)HMDO, reaction system is cooled using ice-water bath mode, after system temperature reaches 0 ~ 5 DEG C, to anti- The addition 6.0g catalyst concentrated sulfuric acids in system are answered, react 1h under mechanical agitation.
Then 169.9g tetrachloro silicanes are weighed(1mol)It is added in constant pressure funnel, starts dropwise reaction, during dropwise addition Between be 2.5h, maintain the reflux for -10~-5 DEG C of device condensation temperature during this.After silicon tetrachloride drips, continue in this temperature Lower reaction 1.5h.After reaction terminates, reaction mother liquor is transferred in separatory funnel, stratification 1h, upper strata is organic layer, lower floor For the catalyst concentrated sulfuric acid(It is repeatable to utilize).After collecting upper strata, trim,ethylchlorosilane is distilled out at ambient pressure, is then evaporated under reduced pressure Go out excessive HMDO raw material, finally obtain four(Trimethylsiloxy group)Silane product 381.0g, content 99.2% Product, molar yield 98.2%.

Claims (3)

1. one kind four(Trimethylsiloxy group)The synthesis technique of silane, it is characterised in that:It comprises the following steps:
1), with mechanical agitation, constant pressure titration funnel and condenser reactor in put into a certain amount of silica of hexamethyl two Alkane, reaction system is cooled using ice-water bath mode, and after system temperature reaches 1 ~ 5 DEG C, catalyst, machine are added into reaction system 0.5 ~ 3h of the lower reaction of tool stirring;
2), keep temperature of reaction system be 1 ~ 5 DEG C, weigh a certain amount of silicon tetrachloride be added to constant pressure titration funnel, start to drip Add reaction, the time for adding of silicon tetrachloride is 0.5 ~ 3h, after dripping, continues 1 ~ 5h of reaction;Maintain the reflux for filling in course of reaction Condensation temperature is put as -10 ~ -5 DEG C;
3), after reaction terminates, reaction mother liquor is transferred in separatory funnel, stratification 1h, upper strata is organic layer, and lower floor is urges The agent concentrated sulfuric acid;
4), collect upper strata after, distill out trim,ethylchlorosilane at ambient pressure, the trim,ethylchlorosilane for distilling to obtain is in quantitative water In the presence of, reaction is hydrolyzed and obtains HMDO, can reuse;Then it is evaporated under reduced pressure out excessive hexamethyl Disiloxane raw material, obtains four(Trimethylsiloxy group)Silane product.
2. according to claim 1 a kind of four(Trimethylsiloxy group)The synthesis technique of silane, it is characterised in that:Described Catalyst is the concentrated sulfuric acid;The addition of catalyst is the 0.3 ~ 2% of HMDO quality.
3. according to claim 1 a kind of four(Trimethylsiloxy group)The synthesis technique of silane, it is characterised in that:Described Silicon tetrachloride and HMDO mol ratio are 1:4.1.
CN201711420045.4A 2017-12-25 2017-12-25 One kind four(Trimethylsiloxy group)The synthesis technique of silane Pending CN107814818A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109320638A (en) * 2018-09-29 2019-02-12 四川锦成化学催化剂有限公司 Internal electron donor, catalytic component and the catalyst of ethylene polymerization Ziegler-Natta catalyst
WO2020025144A1 (en) * 2018-08-03 2020-02-06 Wacker Chemie Ag Process for producing organosiloxanes comprising triorganosilyloxy groups

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1761449A (en) * 2003-03-19 2006-04-19 株式会社钟纺化妆品 Cosmetic preparation

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1761449A (en) * 2003-03-19 2006-04-19 株式会社钟纺化妆品 Cosmetic preparation

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
VORONKOV, M. G.等: "Cleavage of the silicon-oxygen-silicon group by tetrachlorosilane and organylchlorosilanes", 《DOKLADY AKADEMII NAUK SSSR》 *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020025144A1 (en) * 2018-08-03 2020-02-06 Wacker Chemie Ag Process for producing organosiloxanes comprising triorganosilyloxy groups
CN109320638A (en) * 2018-09-29 2019-02-12 四川锦成化学催化剂有限公司 Internal electron donor, catalytic component and the catalyst of ethylene polymerization Ziegler-Natta catalyst
CN109320638B (en) * 2018-09-29 2021-03-26 四川锦成化学催化剂有限公司 Ziegler-Natta catalyst component and catalyst for ethylene polymerization

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Application publication date: 20180320