CN107809274A - A kind of mixing method for precoding based on Novel Phase-shifted switching network - Google Patents
A kind of mixing method for precoding based on Novel Phase-shifted switching network Download PDFInfo
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- CN107809274A CN107809274A CN201710972043.XA CN201710972043A CN107809274A CN 107809274 A CN107809274 A CN 107809274A CN 201710972043 A CN201710972043 A CN 201710972043A CN 107809274 A CN107809274 A CN 107809274A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
- H04B7/0456—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
- H04B7/0452—Multi-user MIMO systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/03—Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
- H04L25/03891—Spatial equalizers
- H04L25/03898—Spatial equalizers codebook-based design
- H04L25/0391—Spatial equalizers codebook-based design construction details of matrices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
A kind of mixing method for precoding based on Novel Phase-shifted switching network proposed by the present invention, the switching network of analog radio frequency precoding uses the switch of multiselect one, so that analog phase shifter number is compared phase shifter number in conventional phase shifter network and significantly reduced, because the power consumption of switch is much smaller than phase shifter, therefore have the function that to greatly reduce mixing pre-coding circuit power consumption；In addition, phase shifter number doubles in the phase shifter network of analog radio frequency precoding so that each two phase shifter is connected with the switch of a multiselect one so that mixes the optimization of pre-coding scheme more flexibly and performance is close to pure digi-tal precoding；Switching network is combined with phase shifter network, mixing pre-coding circuit power consumption can be greatly reduced on the premise of certain spectrum efficiency is ensured, improves the energy efficiency of system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the communications field, is related to method for precoding, more particularly relates to one kind and is based on Novel Phase-shifted
The mixing method for precoding of switching network.
Background technology
In order to improve capacity of communication system, extensive multiple antennas (massive MIMO, massive multiple input
Multiple output) technology comes into 5G standards.In order to solve the problems, such as that frequency spectrum resource is rare, millimeter wave (mmWave,
Millimeter wave) frequency range will be developed into new available frequency band, and strongly reducing for antenna size makes under mmWave
Massive MIMO technologies obtain more widely using.It is maximum in order to reach in massive mimo system downlinks
Power system capacity, it is necessary to use precoding technique.Nonlinear precoding can reach maximum capacity, but complexity is very high.In order to
Simplify pre-coding scheme and keep systematic function as far as possible, linear predictive coding can be used, as ZF (ZF, zero forcing) is pre-
Coding, it can approximation system maximum capacity to a certain extent.
ZF precodings are that the numeric field of full dimension calculates, and to realize the computing, and system needs to configure radio frequency (RF, radio
Frequency) link number is equal to antenna for base station number.In massive mimo systems, antenna number, which sharply increases, causes RF chains
Way sharply increases, and considerably increases hardware cost.In order to reduce RF number of links, base station is prelisted using mixing in downlink
Code, i.e., the precoding of low dimensional digital baseband is combined with high-dimensional analog radio frequency precoding, wherein traditional analog radio frequency prelists
Code adjusts the phase of analog signal using phase shifter network.In massive mimo systems, although mixing precoding makes
RF link power consumptions are reduced with RF number of links is substantially reduced, but the power consumption of extensive phase shifter network is larger.By
Unimodular limitation be present in single phase shifter, the optimization problem for mixing precoding is a non-convex problem, and computation complexity is very
It is high.
The content of the invention
To solve the above problems, the present invention proposes phase shifter hybrid network, and mixing is disclosed on this basis
Precoding Design method, it is intended to total network power consumption is reduced by reducing phase shifter number；Prelisted to reduce optimization mixing
Computation complexity needed for code scheme, the present invention propose double phase shifter net on the basis of phase shifter hybrid network is proposed
Network.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides following technical scheme：
A kind of mixing method for precoding based on Novel Phase-shifted switching network, including：
Base station sends analog signal and matches extensive antenna array using a small amount of radio frequency link unit to multi-user, wherein base station
Son, mixing precoding is carried out to base-band data stream；
The mixing precoding includes digital baseband precoding and analog radio frequency precoding, the digital baseband precoding with
Analog radio frequency precoding is connected by radio frequency link；
It is characterized in that：
The analog radio frequency precoding includes phase shifter network and switching network,
The switching network uses the switch of multiselect one；
Phase shifter number doubles in the phase shifter network, the switch phase of one group of each two phase shifter and same multiselect one
Even；
Each switch selects a certain antenna to be connected with a certain group of phase shifter from the subset of extensive antenna element, then
Phase shifter network and digital baseband precoding are joined together to optimize.
Further, the process of a certain antenna of switch selection includes：
(1) singular value decomposition is done in base station to channel matrix H, calculates each member of the wherein matrix V containing right singular vector
Element；
(2) selection and the ranks coordinate of greatest member in its a corresponding V constituent element element from more antennas are each switched
That corresponding root antenna.
Further, singular value decomposition is carried out by below equation in the step (1)：
H=U ∑s VH,
Wherein, H represents the channel matrix that dimension is K × N, and K represents number of users, and N represents antenna for base station number；U represents dimension
For the K × K unitary matrice for including left singular vector；∑ represents the diagonal matrix that dimension is K × N, and its diagonal element is the unusual of H
Value；V represents the unitary matrice for including right singular vector that dimension is N × N.
Further, switch selects antenna number by below equation in the step (2)
Wherein, ()nmThe line n of representing matrix, the element of m row, | | represent the mould of plural number； WhereinWherein
S represents the number of each switch selection antenna, and wherein M represents rf chain way.
Further, the process that phase shifter network joins together to optimize with digital baseband precoding is comprised the following steps：
(1) the classical linear pure digi-tal precoding of selection is near-optimization precoding Fopt；
(2) the analog radio frequency pre-coding matrix that an initial dimension is N × M is constructedMeet
Cyclic variable i=0 is set；
(3) fixed-analog radio frequency pre-coding matrixOptimize the digital baseband pre-coding matrix that dimension is M × K MeetWherein | | | |FThe F norms of representing matrix；
(4) stationary digital base band pre-coding matrixOptimized Simulated radio frequency pre-coding matrixMeet
(5) i=i+1 is made；
(6) ifThen optimization process terminates, and jumps out circulation；IfStep (3) is then gone to, wherein α is loop termination threshold value.
Further, selection high specific is sent, in ZF precodings and least mean-square error precoding in the step (1)
It is one or more.
Further, when using ZF precodings, Fopt=HH(HHH)-1。
Further, in the step (3),Optimum results calculated by equation below：
Wherein, U1RepresentThe unitary matrice of left singular vector, V are included in singular value decomposition1RepresentIt is unusual
Value includes the unitary matrice of right singular vector in decomposing.
Further, in the step (4)Optimum results calculated by equation below：
Wherein ∠ () represents to take the new matrix that the phase of matrix each element obtains, max { a, b } represent to choose from a, b compared with
That big number.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that and beneficial effect：
The switching network of analog radio frequency precoding uses the switch of multiselect one so that analog phase shifter number is moved compared to tradition
Phase shifter number significantly reduces in phase device network, because the power consumption of switch is much smaller than phase shifter, therefore reaches and greatly reduces mixing
The effect of pre-coding circuit power consumption；In addition, phase shifter number doubles in the phase shifter network of analog radio frequency precoding so that every two
Individual phase shifter is connected with the switch of a multiselect one so that mixes the optimization of pre-coding scheme more flexibly and performance is close to pure
Digital precode；Switching network is combined with phase shifter network, can be subtracted significantly on the premise of certain spectrum efficiency is ensured
Pre-coding circuit power consumption is mixed less, improves the energy efficiency of system.The inventive method can reduce under massive mimo systems
The computation complexity of downlink base station mixing pre-coding scheme optimization design, used analog radio frequency precoding realization is simple,
Implementation complexity is low, better performances.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the inventive method system block diagram.
Fig. 2 is analog radio frequency Precoding Design Organization Chart in Fig. 1.
Embodiment
Technical scheme provided by the invention is described in detail below with reference to specific embodiment, it should be understood that following specific
Embodiment is only illustrative of the invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
A kind of mixing method for precoding based on Novel Phase-shifted switching network proposed by the present invention, simulation letter is sent by base station
Multi-user number is given, wherein base station matches extensive antenna element using a small amount of radio frequency link unit, base-band data stream is mixed
Close precoding.Mixing precoding is divided into digital baseband precoding and analog radio frequency precoding, and both of which can control analog signal
Amplitude and phase, both are connected by radio frequency link.Each radio frequency link passes through phase shifter network and the son of extensive antenna element
Collection is connected.
In order to reduce the power consumption of extensive phase shifter network, it is necessary to reduce the number of phase shifter as far as possible.Consider analog radio frequency
Two kinds of connected modes of precoding phase shifter network, i.e., full connection and part connection, full connection need each RF links with owning
Antenna is connected, and part connection then only needs each RF links to be connected with a subset of extensive antenna.We are using partly connecting
The structure connect reduces phase shifter number so as to reduce power consumption.In order to further reduce power consumption, the present invention is proposed using switch net
Network further reduces the number of phase shifter.Because in the phase shifter network of part connection, each phase shifter connects a day
Line, phase shifter number are equal to antenna number, and the present invention proposes the switch using multiselect one, one is selected from the subset of extensive antenna
Root antenna is connected with some phase shifter.The number of phase shifter can be obviously reduced in this phase shifter hybrid network, due to
Phase shifter power consumption is much larger than switching power loss, therefore the network can also substantially reduce the total power consumption of analog radio frequency precoding.In addition,
In order to simplify the design of mixing pre-coding scheme, the present invention proposes increase phase shifter number, by what is be connected originally with an antenna
One phase shifter is changed into two phase shifters in parallel.This double phase shifter network breaches the permanent mould limitation of former optimization problem,
The optimization problem of mixing precoding is changed into convex problem, greatly reduce computation complexity, and performance more connects than traditional scheme
Nearly pure digi-tal linear predictive coding.
As shown in Fig. 2 each analog radio frequency precoding is divided into phase shifter network and switching network, design first switchs net
Network, switching network use the switch of multiselect one, and each switch selects from the subset (i.e. more antennas) of extensive antenna element
A certain antenna is connected with a certain group of phase shifter.Switching network causes analog phase shifter number is compared to be moved in conventional phase shifter network
Phase device number significantly reduces, and because the power consumption of switch is much smaller than phase shifter, therefore reaches and greatly reduces mixing pre-coding circuit work(
The effect of consumption.Then design phase shifter network, phase shifter number doubles in phase shifter network, one group of each two phase shifter with it is same
Individual switch is connected so that mixes the optimization of pre-coding scheme more flexibly and performance is close to pure digi-tal precoding.Analog radio frequency
Switching network is combined by precoding with phase shifter network, can greatly reduce mixing on the premise of certain spectrum efficiency is ensured
Pre-coding circuit power consumption, improve energy efficiency.
Then, the present invention joins together the phase shifter network in analog radio frequency precoding with digital baseband precoding excellent
Change, so that system spectral efficiency maximizes.
The process of switch selection antenna comprises the following steps in mixing precoding：
(1) singular value decomposition is done in base station to channel matrix H：
H=U ∑s VH,
Wherein, H represents the channel matrix that dimension is K × N, and K represents number of users, and N represents antenna for base station number；U represents dimension
For the K × K unitary matrice for including left singular vector；∑ represents the diagonal matrix that dimension is K × N, and its diagonal element is the unusual of H
Value；V represents the unitary matrice for including right singular vector that dimension is N × N.Then each element of matrix V is calculated；
(2) selection and the ranks coordinate of greatest member in its a corresponding V constituent element element from more antennas are each switched
That corresponding root antenna, switch selection antenna numberMethod be expressed as：
Wherein, ()nmThe line n of representing matrix, the element of m row, | | represent the mould of plural number； WhereinWherein
S represents the number of each switch selection antenna, and wherein M represents rf chain way；
The specific implementation that phase shifter network in analog radio frequency precoding and digital baseband precoding are joined together to optimize
Comprise the following steps：
(1) the classical linear pure digi-tal precoding of selection is near-optimization precoding Fopt, high specific transmission, ZF can be carried out
One or more in precoding and least mean-square error precoding, when using ZF precodings, Fopt=HH(HHH)-1；
(2) the analog radio frequency pre-coding matrix that an initial dimension is N × M is constructedMeet
Cyclic variable i=0 is set；
(3) fixed-analog radio frequency pre-coding matrixOptimize the digital baseband pre-coding matrix that dimension is M × K MeetWherein | | | |FThe F norms of representing matrix,Optimum results by following public
Formula calculates：
Wherein, U1RepresentThe unitary matrice of left singular vector, V are included in singular value decomposition1RepresentIt is unusual
Value includes the unitary matrice of right singular vector in decomposing；
(4) stationary digital base band pre-coding matrixOptimized Simulated radio frequency pre-coding matrixMeet Optimum results be calculated as follows：
Wherein ∠ () represents to take the new matrix that the phase of matrix each element obtains, max { a, b } represent to choose from a, b compared with
That big number；
(5) i=i+1 is made；
(6) ifThen optimization process terminates, and jumps out circulation；IfThen go to (3), wherein α is loop termination threshold value.
It is as shown in table 1 below, under different system configuration, compared with the present invention program connects phase shifter network with traditional part,
It is obviously reduced on hardware spending and power consumption.
Table 1
Under 2.4Ghz, the power consumption range of phase shifter and switch is respectively 28.8-152mW and 0-15mW, therefore we are false
If each phase shifter, the power consumption each switched are respectively 90mW, 7mW.In system configuration (N, M, L, S), L represents each RF chains
The switch number of road connection, therefore N, M, L, S meet N=MLS.It can be obtained by table 1, as S ＞ 2, be moved compared to using part connection
The conventional hybrid precoding of phase device network, the present invention program can be obviously reduced phase shifter number and reduce analog radio frequency precoding
Power consumption；As N and L constant, S is bigger, and the phase shifter number and pre-coding circuit power consumption of the present invention program is smaller；As S ＞ 2 and
When S is constant, N is bigger, and the present invention program is more compared to the power consumption that conventional hybrid pre-coding scheme is reduced.The inventive method makes
Reduce the number of phase shifter in analog radio frequency precoding with switching network, so that on the premise of systematic function is ensured as far as possible,
Computation complexity and power consumption are substantially reduced, so as to improve the energy efficiency of system.
Technological means disclosed in the present invention program is not limited only to the technological means disclosed in above-mentioned embodiment, in addition to
Formed technical scheme is combined by above technical characteristic.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art
For, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications are also considered as
Protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of mixing method for precoding based on Novel Phase-shifted switching network, comprises the following steps：
Base station sends analog signal and matches extensive antenna element using a small amount of radio frequency link unit to multi-user, wherein base station,
Mixing precoding is carried out to base-band data stream；
The mixing precoding includes digital baseband precoding and analog radio frequency precoding, the digital baseband precoding and simulation
Radio frequency precoding is connected by radio frequency link；
It is characterized in that：
The analog radio frequency precoding includes phase shifter network and switching network,
The switching network uses the switch of multiselect one；
Phase shifter number doubles in the phase shifter network, and one group of each two phase shifter is connected with the switch of same multiselect one；
Each switch selects a certain antenna to be connected with a certain group of phase shifter from the subset of extensive antenna element, then will move
Phase device network joins together to optimize with digital baseband precoding.
2. the mixing method for precoding according to claim 1 based on Novel Phase-shifted switching network, it is characterised in that：Switch
Selecting the process of a certain antenna includes：
(1) singular value decomposition is done in base station to channel matrix H, calculates each element of the wherein matrix V containing right singular vector；
(2) it is relative with the ranks coordinate of greatest member in its a corresponding V constituent element element each to switch the selection from more antennas
That root antenna answered.
3. the mixing method for precoding according to claim 2 based on Novel Phase-shifted switching network, it is characterised in that：It is described
Singular value decomposition is carried out by below equation in step (1)：
H=U ∑s VH,
Wherein, H represents the channel matrix that dimension is K × N, and K represents number of users, and N represents antenna for base station number；U represent dimension be K ×
The K unitary matrice for including left singular vector；∑ represents the diagonal matrix that dimension is K × N, and its diagonal element is H singular value；V tables
Show the unitary matrice for including right singular vector that dimension is N × N.
4. the mixing method for precoding according to claim 2 based on Novel Phase-shifted switching network, it is characterised in that：It is described
Switch selects antenna number by below equation in step (2)
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Wherein, ()nmThe line n of representing matrix, the element of m row, | | represent the mould of plural number；χq=(q-1) S+1 ..., qS },WhereinM ∈ { 1 ..., M }, wherein S represent each
The number of switch selection antenna, wherein M represent rf chain way.
5. the mixing method for precoding according to claim 1 based on Novel Phase-shifted switching network, it is characterised in that：It will move
The process that phase device network joins together to optimize with digital baseband precoding comprises the following steps：
(1) the classical linear pure digi-tal precoding of selection is near-optimization precoding Fopt；
(2) the analog radio frequency pre-coding matrix that an initial dimension is N × M is constructedMeetSet
Cyclic variable i=0；
(3) fixed-analog radio frequency pre-coding matrixOptimize the digital baseband pre-coding matrix that dimension is M × K MeetWherein | | | |FThe F norms of representing matrix.
(4) stationary digital base band pre-coding matrixOptimized Simulated radio frequency pre-coding matrixMeet
(5) i=i+1 is made；
(6) ifThen optimization process terminates, and jumps out circulation；IfThen
Step (3) is gone to, wherein α is loop termination threshold value.
6. the mixing method for precoding according to claim 5 based on Novel Phase-shifted switching network, it is characterised in that：It is described
One or more in step (1) in the transmission of selection high specific, ZF precodings and least mean-square error precoding.
7. the mixing method for precoding according to claim 6 based on Novel Phase-shifted switching network, it is characterised in that：When making
During with ZF precodings, Fopt=HH(HHH)-1。
8. the mixing method for precoding according to claim 5 based on Novel Phase-shifted switching network, it is characterised in that：It is described
In step (3),Optimum results calculated by equation below：
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Wherein, U1RepresentThe unitary matrice of left singular vector, V are included in singular value decomposition1RepresentSingular value point
The unitary matrice of right singular vector is included in solution.
9. the mixing method for precoding according to claim 5 based on Novel Phase-shifted switching network, it is characterised in that：It is described
In step (4)Optimum results calculated by equation below：
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Wherein ∠ () expressions take the new matrix that the phase of matrix each element obtains, and max { a, b } expressions are chosen larger from a, b
That number.
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| CN110212962A (en) * | 2019-07-07 | 2019-09-06 | 东北大学秦皇岛分校 | One kind is based on simulation phase shift-switch cascade network mixing method for precoding |
| CN110224730A (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2019-09-10 | 东南大学 | A kind of mixing precoding structure of millimetre-wave attenuator, mixing combinatorial construction and method |
| CN110518948A (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2019-11-29 | 上海交通大学 | The design method of base station side ADAPTIVE MIXED pre-coding system and mixing precoding |
| CN110601735A (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2019-12-20 | 湖南华青智能科技有限公司 | MIMO precoding system, method and device for 5G communication network |
| CN110661555A (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2020-01-07 | 复旦大学 | Hybrid precoding algorithm for partially connected phase shifter networks for massive MIMO |
| CN111555785A (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2020-08-18 | 北京邮电大学 | Signal precoding method and device and electronic equipment |
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