CN107805737A - A kind of preparation method of the unleaded low silicon extruding arsenic-brass bars of anti-dezincification - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of the unleaded low silicon extruding arsenic-brass bars of anti-dezincification Download PDFInfo
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- CN107805737A CN107805737A CN201711177230.5A CN201711177230A CN107805737A CN 107805737 A CN107805737 A CN 107805737A CN 201711177230 A CN201711177230 A CN 201711177230A CN 107805737 A CN107805737 A CN 107805737A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/04—Alloys based on copper with zinc as the next major constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/001—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of specific alloys
- B22D11/004—Copper alloys
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
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Abstract
The present invention relates to defend kitchen industry copper alloy field, a kind of preparation method for the unleaded low silicon extruding arsenic-brass bars of anti-dezincification that anti-Dezincification corrosion performance is good, intensity is high, processing characteristics is good, including raw material Cu62~65%, Si0.6~1.0%, As0.07~0.12%, Al0.5~0.8%, Fe0.03~0.1%, Pb by following mass percents are provided<0.1%th, after remaining is the impurity melting of Zn and total amount no more than 0.35%, the step of obtaining solid brass bar with extrusion process is cast through drawing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to kitchen industry copper alloy field is defended, more particularly to a kind of unleaded low silicon of anti-dezincification extrudes arsenic-brass bars
Preparation method.
Background technology
Lead-free reflow is the novel brass alloy material preferably promoted the use of when fashionable kitchen industry, for substituting ledrite,
But only Bi brass and the silizin of small range marketization application can be carried out so far.Relatively other elements instead of lead, silicon into
This is obvious much lower.Silizin has good mechanical property, and corrosion resistance is better than general brass, corrosion-free rupture tendency, wearability
Also can, it is good in cold conditions and hot lower pressure processing, easily welding and soldering, machinability is good, its thermal conductivity be in brass most
Low, it can be widely used for ship part, steam pipe and pipe fitting etc..
Dezincification corrosion is one of main failure forms of brass, and Zn contents are higher, and Dezincification corrosion is more serious.Si zinc equivalent
Coefficient is 10, the β phases boundary line of Cu-Zn phasors is moved to left significantly, and a small amount of addition can form two-phase brass, significantly improve alloy
Intensity and hardness while, reduce the Dezincification corrosion resistant performance of silizin.In order to balance above-mentioned performance tradeoff, domestic and international city
The high composition characteristic of existing unleaded silizin generally existing silicon high-copper on field, content is about 2~3%, Cu to Si by mass percentage
Mass percentage content is then mostly more than 75%, such as HSi80-3.Such silizin cost is high, and cutting ability substantially compares ledrite
Difference, processing efficiency are low.Reported according to the A of patent CN 104651660, domestic Ye You bathrooms producer uses the cast silicone of the low silicon of low copper
Brass material, mainly it is made up of the raw material of following mass percents:Cu60~63, Si0.5~0.9, but its Pb content remains above
0.1%, dezincification layer depth is 152.86~174.62 μm, though the dezincification layer depth of the HPb59-1 than being tested under equal conditions is small
（297.83μm）, but still can not meet that AS2345~2006 require（≤100μm）.
The present invention is towards kitchen industry is defended, based on the unleaded silizin composition design thought of the low copper of low silicon, by adding micro amount of arsenic
The methods of element, refinement matrix, lift the anti-Dezincification corrosion performance of low silizin.
The content of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention proposes the anti-dezincification that a kind of anti-Dezincification corrosion performance is good, intensity is high, processing characteristics is good
The preparation method of unleaded low silicon extruding arsenic-brass bars.
To solve this technical problem, the present invention takes following scheme：A kind of unleaded low silicon extruding arsenic-brass bars of anti-dezincification
Preparation method, including by raw material Cu62~65% of following mass percents, Si0.6~1.0%, As0.07~0.12%,
Al0.5~0.8%, Fe0.03~0.1%, Pb<0.1%th, remaining is warp after the impurity melting of Zn and total amount no more than 0.35%
The step of drawing casting and extrusion process acquisition solid brass bar, described the step of drawing casting extruding solid brass bar, including：
1）200~300kg pure red copper rice is first added in having core main frequency furnace, addition of pure red copper rice is total raw material at this
10~15%, when semi-molten state is in, granularity is accounted for the industrial pure silicon of above-mentioned total raw material 0.6~1.0% less than 1cm, loaded
In the copper pipe of suitable diameter, in level press-in copper liquid, and 150~200kg red copper rice is spread on copper liquid surface immediately, it is pure at this
The addition of red copper rice is the 7.5~10% of total raw material, uniformly sprinkles 1 ㎏ melting slag-cleaning agents, and 20min is incubated at 950~980 DEG C,
Allow silicon in the case of isolating oxygen with the abundant alloying of red copper rice；After insulation terminates, be respectively pressed into it is preheated account for it is above-mentioned total former
Material 0.5~0.8% aluminium ingot, copper and iron intermediate alloy and copper arsenic intermediate alloy, copper and iron close intermediate alloy addition to ensure on
The Fe contents in total raw material are stated up to 0.03~0.1%, the addition of copper arsenic intermediate alloy will ensure the addition in above-mentioned total raw material
Amount will ensure that up to 0.07~0.12%, 10min is stood after being sufficiently stirred for As contents in above-mentioned total raw material；
2）Copper plate is added, addition will ensure Cu contents in above-mentioned total raw material up to 62~65%, and the copper plate is that standard is cloudy
Pole copper, when copper coin fusing amount is up to 70~80%, the preheated 0# zinc ingot metals for accounting for total raw material 32.53~36.8% are pressed into, it is to be melted
Afterwards, stir, and be uniformly sprinkled into 1.5kg environment-friendly type scarfing cinder flux again on copper liquid surface, 1020 DEG C stand 10~
15min；
3）Sampling detection composition, and carry out composition adjustment according to composition detection data；
4）Flame, stirring, beat ash, drag for slag, should being stopped about in fire door when requiring that copper ash spoon beats ash from copper water during beating ash
20s, to ensure that copper water all flows into crucible in ash；
5）Load weighted fining agent is pressed into copper liquid with bell jar, is sufficiently stirred and stands 15~20min, the refinement after 1020 DEG C
Agent be by combination of F, Si, O, Mn, Ti element as the K salt or sodium salt of one or more of negative electricity valency acid ions, addition with
The relation of above-mentioned total raw material is 75~125g/T；
6）Carry out mobility, crystalline state, polishing state ingot casting impure point quantity and distribution etc. to examine, if light cup rough inner surface
Degree, burnishing surface impurity points and crystalline structure form are satisfied by requiring, you can casting, conversely, continue refining treatment, until
Meet that refining requires, obtain the copper liquid that Pb is less than 0.1%；
7）It will meet that the copper liquid less than 0.1% containing Pb that refining requires is poured into holding furnace, crystallizer be installed to the copper of holding furnace
It is coaxial with hauling machine to ensure with drawing bar correction center during installation on water out；
8）Copper water temperature in holding furnace is raised to small flame state, industrial voltage is 250~300V, while toward giving in water collar
Enter a small amount of cooling water, water 2.5L/s, preparation begins to use hauling machine to carry out drawing casting, led when just having started to draw casting after carrying out
Draw machine speed to slow down to 40~60mm/min, until draw cast successfully after voltage is dropped into 180~240V again, hauling machine speed is adjusted
To 60~80mm/min, and cooling water switch is opened, water 5.0L/s, can be incited somebody to action when drawing cast copper ingot length and reaching more than one meter
Hauling machine speed is adjusted to 80~100mm/min, meets technological requirement, and after casting normally is drawn, by hauling machine, synchronously saw is adjusted to
The length of sawing is needed, long will draw that cast copper ingot saw is short to draw cast copper ingot into suitable for the short of extruding;
It is described draw the step of cast copper ingot is squeezed into copper rod be by it is above-mentioned it is short draw cast copper ingot it is preheated after be placed in the extruding of pressurizing unit
In cylinder, short cast copper ingot one end of drawing is exerted a force by extrusion axis, copper ingot material is flowed out from the nib of extrusion die, needed for obtaining
A kind of plastic processing method of the brass bar of section configuration and size.
It is further improved to be：The pressurizing unit includes recipient, extrusion die and extrusion axis, has in the recipient
The extruded hole for being extruded product can be housed, the extrusion axis is located at one end of extruded hole, and it is remote that the extrusion die is fixedly arranged on recipient
From that one end of extrusion axis, the extrusion die, which is provided with, can will be extruded the extrusion die orifice of product extrusion, the extrusion axis from
Mutually interlocked with pushing drive device by end and can be advanced or retreated simultaneously by pushing drive device.
It is further improved to be：Front end in the extruded hole of the recipient positioned at extrusion axis is additionally provided with extruding pad.
It is further improved to be：The step 4）The temperature of middle flame is 1050~1150 DEG C.
By using preceding solution, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The present invention is using specific composition proportion, specific
Preparation method prepare solid brass bar, strictly control the order of addition of each raw material in process of production, avoid each raw material effective
The scaling loss of composition, and by selecting optimal addition to obtain accumulative effect, it is ensured that unleaded and reach lead and yellow-collation Copper fabrication
Under the member condition of performance, the anti-Dezincification corrosion performance of lead-free reflow rod is lifted.Cu contents wherein in composition are not higher than 65%,
Si contents are 0.6~1.0%, while brass alloys intensity and hardness is improved, meet the component requirements of the low silicon of low copper, effectively
Reduce cost；As in composition improves the overpotential of analysis copper reaction, brass surfaces is easily generated CuCl2Film, this film are company
Continuous, uniform protectiveness film, can be stabilized, so as to block Dezincification corrosion reaction.Pb contents in composition come solely from original
Expect the impurity element of itself；Al in composition also helps alloy surface oxide-film in addition to improving fluidity of molten, plays passivation
Corrosion protection acts on；The control of Fe contents is advantageous to crystal grain refinement, and reduce macroscopical columnar zone 0.03~0.1%.
In manufacture method, the present invention, as the pre- melt material in crucible bottom, can save smelting time, and have using pure red copper rice
Semi-molten state is in beneficial to control copper liquid, increases copper liquid viscosity, suppresses low-density raw material and floats, improve element absorption rate；
Low melting point, low-density are pressed into low temperature copper liquid or measures few raw material and ensures the time of repose of abundance, can effectively anti-oxidation burning
Damage, is advantageous to the abundant diffusion reaction of element, is easy to control composition, saves production cost；It is solid that half is in using Cu-Zn bianry alloys
High-temp high-viscosity characteristic during state phase region, copper silicon intermediate alloy is substituted with pure silicon, reduces production cost；In appropriate smelt stage
Addition slag-cleaning agent by several times, it is ensured that slag-cleaning agent fully adsorbs the oxide slag inclusion in copper liquid, avoids slag-cleaning agent from failing, further combined with
Flame handles comprehensive purifying copper liquid, can improve the distributing homogeneity of effective constituent element, reduces slag inclusion and forms the several of galvanic cell with matrix
Rate, reduce corrosion rate；From the angle that crystal structure is similar, lattice constant is suitable, appropriate Fe elements are added, are advantageous to heterogeneous
Forming core, strengthen grain refining effect, increase grain boundary area, reduce ormolu annode area, prevent the preferential dissolving of zinc selectivity；
Increase macroscopical proportion of equiaxed grain in ingot casting, reduce the unfavorable organizational factor for influenceing ingot casting compactness.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is macroscopical microscopic structure schematic diagram of the unleaded silicon arsenic yellow copper of anti-dezincification；
Fig. 2 is the microcosmic microscopic structure schematic diagram of the unleaded silicon arsenic yellow copper of anti-dezincification；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of pressurizing unit of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
In conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further described.
Embodiment one：A kind of unleaded low silicon extruding arsenic-brass bars of anti-dezincification, are made up of the raw material of following mass percents:
Cu62%, Si0.6%, As0.07%, Al0.5%, Fe0.03%, Pb0.06%, Zn36.7% and total amount 0.04% impurity.
The preparation method of the above-mentioned unleaded low silicon extruding arsenic-brass bars of anti-dezincification, including：
1）200kg pure red copper rice is first added in having core main frequency furnace, addition of pure red copper rice is the 10% of total raw material at this,
When semi-molten state is in, granularity is accounted for the industrial pure silicon of above-mentioned total raw material 0.6% less than 1cm, loads the copper of suitable diameter
In pipe, in level press-in copper liquid, and 150g red copper rice is spread on copper liquid surface immediately, addition of pure red copper rice is total at this
The 7.5% of raw material, uniformly sprinkle 1 ㎏ melting slag-cleaning agents, 950~980 DEG C be incubated 20min, allow silicon in the case of isolating oxygen with
The abundant alloying of red copper rice；After insulation terminates, after insulation terminates, the preheated aluminium for accounting for above-mentioned total raw material 0.5% is respectively pressed into
Ingot, copper and iron intermediate alloy and copper arsenic intermediate alloy, the addition that copper and iron closes intermediate alloy will ensure that the Fe in above-mentioned total raw material contains
For amount up to 0.03%, the addition of copper arsenic intermediate alloy will ensure that the addition in above-mentioned total raw material will ensure in above-mentioned total raw material
As contents stand 10min up to 0.07% after being sufficiently stirred；
2）Copper plate is added, addition will ensure Cu contents in above-mentioned total raw material up to 62%, and the copper plate is standard cathode
Copper, when copper coin fusing amount is up to 70~80%, the preheated 0# zinc ingot metals for accounting for total raw material 36.7% are pressed into, after to be melted, are fully stirred
Mix uniformly, and be uniformly sprinkled into 1.5kg environment-friendly type scarfing cinder flux again on copper liquid surface, 10~15min is stood at 1020 DEG C；
3）Sampling detection composition, and carry out composition adjustment according to composition detection data；
4）Flame, stirring, beat ash, drag for slag, should being stopped about in fire door when requiring that copper ash spoon beats ash from copper water during beating ash
20s, to ensure that copper water all flows into crucible in ash, the temperature of the flame is 1050~1150 DEG C；
5）With bell jar by load weighted fining agent, copper liquid is pressed into, is sufficiently stirred and 15~20min is stood after 1020 DEG C, it is described thin
Agent is added by combination of F, Si, O, Mn, Ti element as the K salt or sodium salt of one or more of negative electricity valency acid ions, fining agent
It is 75~125g/T to enter amount and the relation of above-mentioned total raw material；
6）Carry out mobility, crystalline state, polishing state ingot casting impure point quantity and distribution etc. to examine, if light cup rough inner surface
Degree, burnishing surface impurity points and crystalline structure form are satisfied by requiring, you can casting, conversely, continue refining treatment, until
Meet that refining requires, obtain the copper liquid that Pb is 0.06%；
7）Being poured into containing the copper liquid that Pb is 0.06% in holding furnace for refining requirement will be met, crystallizer is installed to the copper of holding furnace
It is coaxial with hauling machine to ensure with drawing bar correction center during installation on water out；
8）Copper water temperature in holding furnace is raised to small flame state, industrial voltage is 250~300V, while toward giving in water collar
Enter a small amount of cooling water, water 2.5L/s, preparation begins to use hauling machine to carry out drawing casting, led when just having started to draw casting after carrying out
Draw machine speed to slow down to 40~60mm/min, until draw cast successfully after voltage is dropped into 180~240V again, hauling machine speed is adjusted
To 60~80mm/min, and cooling water switch is opened, water 5.0L/s, can be incited somebody to action when drawing cast copper ingot length and reaching more than one meter
Hauling machine speed is adjusted to 80~100mm/min, meets technological requirement, and after casting normally is drawn, by hauling machine, synchronously saw is adjusted to
The length of sawing is needed, long will draw that cast copper ingot saw is short to draw cast copper ingot into suitable for the short of extruding;
It is described draw the step of cast copper ingot is squeezed into copper rod be by it is above-mentioned it is short draw cast copper ingot it is preheated after be placed in the extruding of pressurizing unit
In cylinder, short cast copper ingot one end of drawing is exerted a force by extrusion axis, copper ingot material is flowed out from the nib of extrusion die, needed for obtaining
A kind of plastic processing method of the brass bar of section configuration and size.
Such as Fig. 3, the pressurizing unit includes recipient 1, extrusion die 2 and extrusion axis 3, and having in the recipient 1 to hold
The extruded hole 11 for being extruded product is put, the extrusion axis 3 is located at one end of extruded hole 11, and the extrusion die 2 is fixedly arranged on recipient 1
That one end away from extrusion axis 3, the extrusion die 2 are provided with the extrusion die orifice 21 that can will be extruded product extrusion, the extruding
Extruding pad 4 is additionally provided with positioned at the front end of extrusion axis in the extruded hole of cylinder 1, the free end of the extrusion axis is with pushing drive device
Mutually interlock and can be advanced or retreated simultaneously by pushing drive device.It should be noted that need to be heated to by being extruded copper ingot by 720 DEG C
~760 DEG C.
As shown in Figures 1 and 2, close to 100%, secondary top layer macrograin is slightly thick, grand in ingot casting cross section macroscopic view equiax crystal region
About 50 μm of average grain size is seen, other regional macro average grain sizes are less than 40 μm；For two-phase brass tissue, β phase amounts
It is more, boundary-passivated positive effect, oval or long avette, be advantageous to avoid to produce stress concentration during stress；Anti- dezincification without
The hardness of the low silicon arsenic yellow copper of lead is about 96HRB, higher than as cast condition HPb59-1（About 80~82HRB）, average dezincification layer depth is about 76
μm。
Embodiment two：
A kind of unleaded low silicon extruding arsenic-brass bars of anti-dezincification, are made up of the raw material of following mass percents:Cu65%, Si1.0%,
As0.12%, Al0.8%, Fe0.1%, Pb0.09%, Zn32.79% and total amount 0.1% impurity.
The preparation method of the above-mentioned unleaded low silicon extruding arsenic-brass bars of anti-dezincification, including：
1）The addition that 300kg pure red copper rice pure red copper rice at this is first added in having core main frequency furnace is the 15% of total raw material, is treated
During in semi-molten state, granularity is accounted for the industrial pure silicon of above-mentioned total raw material 1.0% less than 1cm, loads the copper pipe of suitable diameter
It is interior, in level press-in copper liquid, and 200 red copper rice is spread on copper liquid surface immediately, addition of pure red copper rice is total former at this
Material 10%, uniformly sprinkle 1 ㎏ melting slag-cleaning agents, 950~980 DEG C be incubated 20min, allow silicon in the case of isolating oxygen with purple
The abundant alloying of copper rice；After insulation terminates, the preheated aluminium ingot for accounting for above-mentioned total raw material 0.8% is respectively pressed into, copper and iron centre is closed
Gold and copper arsenic intermediate alloy, the addition that copper and iron closes intermediate alloy will ensure Fe contents in above-mentioned total raw material up to 0.1%, copper arsenic
The addition of intermediate alloy will ensure that the addition in above-mentioned total raw material will ensure the As contents in above-mentioned total raw material up to 0.12%,
10min is stood after being sufficiently stirred；
2）Copper plate is added, addition will ensure Cu contents in above-mentioned total raw material up to 65%, and the copper plate is standard cathode
Copper, when copper coin fusing amount is up to 70~80%, the preheated 0# zinc ingot metals for accounting for total raw material 32.79% are pressed into, after to be melted, are fully stirred
Mix uniformly, and be uniformly sprinkled into 1.5kg environment-friendly type scarfing cinder flux again on copper liquid surface, 10~15min is stood at 1020 DEG C；
3）Sampling detection composition, and carry out composition adjustment according to composition detection data；
4）Flame, stirring, beat ash, drag for slag, should being stopped about in fire door when requiring that copper ash spoon beats ash from copper water during beating ash
20s, to ensure that copper water all flows into crucible in ash, the temperature of the flame is 1050~1150 DEG C；
5）With bell jar by load weighted fining agent, copper liquid is pressed into, is sufficiently stirred and 15~20min is stood after 1020 DEG C, it is described thin
Agent is added by combination of F, Si, O, Mn, Ti element as the K salt or sodium salt of one or more of negative electricity valency acid ions, fining agent
It is 75~125g/T to enter amount and the relation of above-mentioned total raw material；
6）Carry out mobility, crystalline state, polishing state ingot casting impure point quantity and distribution etc. to examine, if light cup rough inner surface
Degree, burnishing surface impurity points and crystalline structure form are satisfied by requiring, you can casting, conversely, continue refining treatment, until
Meet that refining requires, obtain the copper liquid that Pb is 0.09%；
7）Being poured into containing the copper liquid that Pb is 0.09% in holding furnace for refining requirement will be met, crystallizer is installed to the copper of holding furnace
It is coaxial with hauling machine to ensure with drawing bar correction center during installation on water out；
8）Copper water temperature in holding furnace is raised to small flame state, industrial voltage is 250~300V, while toward giving in water collar
Enter a small amount of cooling water, water 2.5L/s, preparation begins to use hauling machine to carry out drawing casting, led when just having started to draw casting after carrying out
Draw machine speed to slow down to 40~60mm/min, until draw cast successfully after voltage is dropped into 180~240V again, hauling machine speed is adjusted
To 60~80mm/min, and cooling water switch is opened, water 5.0L/s, can be incited somebody to action when drawing cast copper ingot length and reaching more than one meter
Hauling machine speed is adjusted to 80~100mm/min, meets technological requirement, and after casting normally is drawn, by hauling machine, synchronously saw is adjusted to
The length of sawing is needed, long will draw that cast copper ingot saw is short to draw cast copper ingot into suitable for the short of extruding;
It is described draw the step of cast copper ingot is squeezed into copper rod be by it is above-mentioned it is short draw cast copper ingot it is preheated after be placed in the extruding of pressurizing unit
In cylinder, short cast copper ingot one end of drawing is exerted a force by extrusion axis, copper ingot material is flowed out from the nib of extrusion die, needed for obtaining
A kind of plastic processing method of the brass bar of section configuration and size.
Embodiment three：
A kind of unleaded low silicon extruding arsenic-brass bars of anti-dezincification, are made up of the raw material of following mass percents:Cu63%, Si0.8%,
As0.10%, Al0.6%, Fe0.05%, Pb0.04%, Zn35.3% and total amount 0.11% impurity.
The preparation method of the preparation method of the above-mentioned unleaded low silicon extruding arsenic-brass bars of anti-dezincification, including：
1）The addition that 300kg pure red copper rice pure red copper rice at this is first added in having core main frequency furnace is the 15% of total raw material, is treated
During in semi-molten state, granularity is accounted for the industrial pure silicon of above-mentioned total raw material 0.8% less than 1cm, loads the copper pipe of suitable diameter
It is interior, in level press-in copper liquid, and 200 red copper rice is spread on copper liquid surface immediately, addition of pure red copper rice is total former at this
Material 10%, uniformly sprinkle 1 ㎏ melting slag-cleaning agents, 950~980 DEG C be incubated 20min, allow silicon in the case of isolating oxygen with purple
The abundant alloying of copper rice；After insulation terminates, the preheated aluminium ingot for accounting for above-mentioned total raw material 0.6% is respectively pressed into, copper and iron centre is closed
Gold and copper arsenic intermediate alloy, the addition that copper and iron closes intermediate alloy will ensure Fe contents in above-mentioned total raw material up to 0.05%, copper
The addition of arsenic intermediate alloy will ensure that the addition in above-mentioned total raw material will ensure that the As contents in above-mentioned total raw material reach
0.10%, stand 10min after being sufficiently stirred；
2）Copper plate is added, addition will ensure Cu contents in above-mentioned total raw material up to 63%, and the copper plate is standard cathode
Copper, when copper coin fusing amount is up to 70~80%, the preheated 0# zinc ingot metals for accounting for total raw material 35.3% are pressed into, after to be melted, are fully stirred
Mix uniformly, and be uniformly sprinkled into 1.5kg environment-friendly type scarfing cinder flux again on copper liquid surface, 10~15min is stood at 1020 DEG C；
3）Sampling detection composition, and carry out composition adjustment according to composition detection data；
4）Flame, stirring, beat ash, drag for slag, should being stopped about in fire door when requiring that copper ash spoon beats ash from copper water during beating ash
20s, to ensure that copper water all flows into crucible in ash, the temperature of the flame is 1050~1150 DEG C；
5）With bell jar by load weighted fining agent, copper liquid is pressed into, is sufficiently stirred and 15~20min is stood after 1020 DEG C, it is described thin
Agent is added by combination of F, Si, O, Mn, Ti element as the K salt or sodium salt of one or more of negative electricity valency acid ions, fining agent
It is 75~125g/T to enter amount and the relation of above-mentioned total raw material；
6）Carry out mobility, crystalline state, polishing state ingot casting impure point quantity and distribution etc. to examine, if light cup rough inner surface
Degree, burnishing surface impurity points and crystalline structure form are satisfied by requiring, you can casting, conversely, continue refining treatment, until
Meet that refining requires, obtain the copper liquid that Pb is 0.04%；
7）Being poured into containing the copper liquid that Pb is 0.04% in holding furnace for refining requirement will be met, crystallizer is installed to the copper of holding furnace
It is coaxial with hauling machine to ensure with drawing bar correction center during installation on water out；
8）Copper water temperature in holding furnace is raised to small flame state, industrial voltage is 250~300V, while toward giving in water collar
Enter a small amount of cooling water, water 2.5L/s, preparation begins to use hauling machine to carry out drawing casting, led when just having started to draw casting after carrying out
Draw machine speed to slow down to 40~60mm/min, until draw cast successfully after voltage is dropped into 180~240V again, hauling machine speed is adjusted
To 60~80mm/min, and cooling water switch is opened, water 5.0L/s, can be incited somebody to action when drawing cast copper ingot length and reaching more than one meter
Hauling machine speed is adjusted to 80~100mm/min, meets technological requirement, and after casting normally is drawn, by hauling machine, synchronously saw is adjusted to
The length of sawing is needed, long will draw that cast copper ingot saw is short to draw cast copper ingot into suitable for the short of extruding;
It is described draw the step of cast copper ingot is squeezed into copper rod be by it is above-mentioned it is short draw cast copper ingot it is preheated after be placed in the extruding of pressurizing unit
In cylinder, short cast copper ingot one end of drawing is exerted a force by extrusion axis, copper ingot material is flowed out from the nib of extrusion die, needed for obtaining
A kind of plastic processing method of the brass bar of section configuration and size.
Based on preceding solution：As long as the cost of the preparation method of the unleaded low silicon extruding arsenic-brass bars of anti-dezincification exists
The object of the invention can be achieved in the range of following weight component ratio：Cu62~65%, Si0.6~1.0%, As0.07~
0.12%th, Al0.5~0.8%, Fe0.03~0.1%, Pb<0.1%th, remaining is the impurity of Zn and total amount no more than 0.35%.
The present invention prepares solid brass bar using specific composition proportion, specific preparation method, in process of production sternly
Lattice control the order of addition of each raw material, avoid the scaling loss of each material effective component, and by selecting optimal addition to obtain
To accumulative effect, it is ensured that under member condition that is unleaded and reaching ledrite processing characteristics, lift the anti-dezincification of lead-free reflow rod
Corrosive nature.It is 0.6~1.0% that Cu contents wherein in composition, which are not higher than 65%, Si contents, in raising brass alloys intensity and firmly
While spending, meet the component requirements of the low silicon of low copper, effectively reduce cost；As in composition improves the excessively electric of analysis copper reaction
Position, makes brass surfaces easily generate CuCl2Film, this film are continuous, uniform protectiveness film, can be stabilized, so as to block
Dezincification corrosion reacts.Pb contents in composition come solely from the impurity element of raw material itself；Al in composition is except improving melt
Outside mobility, alloy surface oxide-film is also helped, plays passivation corrosion protection；The control of Fe contents is advantageous to 0.03~0.1%
Crystal grain refinement, and reduce macroscopical columnar zone.
In manufacture method, the present invention, as the pre- melt material in crucible bottom, can save smelting time, and have using pure red copper rice
Semi-molten state is in beneficial to control copper liquid, increases copper liquid viscosity, suppresses low-density raw material and floats, improve element absorption rate；
Low melting point, low-density are pressed into low temperature copper liquid or measures few raw material and ensures the time of repose of abundance, can effectively anti-oxidation burning
Damage, is advantageous to the abundant diffusion reaction of element, is easy to control composition, saves production cost；It is solid that half is in using Cu-Zn bianry alloys
High-temp high-viscosity characteristic during state phase region, copper silicon intermediate alloy is substituted with pure silicon, reduces production cost；In appropriate smelt stage
Addition slag-cleaning agent by several times, it is ensured that slag-cleaning agent fully adsorbs the oxide slag inclusion in copper liquid, avoids slag-cleaning agent from failing, further combined with
Flame handles comprehensive purifying copper liquid, can improve the distributing homogeneity of effective constituent element, reduces slag inclusion and forms the several of galvanic cell with matrix
Rate, reduce corrosion rate；From the angle that crystal structure is similar, lattice constant is suitable, appropriate Fe elements are added, are advantageous to heterogeneous
Forming core, strengthen grain refining effect, increase grain boundary area, reduce ormolu annode area, prevent the preferential dissolving of zinc selectivity；
Increase macroscopical proportion of equiaxed grain in ingot casting, reduce the unfavorable organizational factor for influenceing ingot casting compactness.
Described in above, only this wound is used using the embodiment of this origination techniques content, any those skilled in the art
Make done modifications and changes, all belong to the scope of the claims of this creation opinion, and be not limited to those disclosed embodiments.
Claims (4)
1. the preparation method of the anti-unleaded low silicon extruding arsenic-brass bars of dezincification, it is characterised in that：Including by following mass percents
Raw material Cu62~65%, Si0.6~1.0%, As0.07~0.12%, Al0.5~0.8%, Fe0.03~0.1%, Pb<
0.1%th, after remaining is the impurity melting of Zn and total amount no more than 0.35%, solid brass bar is obtained through drawing casting and extrusion process
Step, described the step of drawing casting extruding solid brass bar, including：
1）200~300kg pure red copper rice is first added in having core main frequency furnace, addition of pure red copper rice is total raw material at this
10~15%, when semi-molten state is in, granularity is accounted for the industrial pure silicon of above-mentioned total raw material 0.6~1.0% less than 1cm, loaded
In the copper pipe of suitable diameter, in level press-in copper liquid, and 150~200kg red copper rice is spread on copper liquid surface immediately, it is pure at this
The addition of red copper rice is the 7.5~10% of total raw material, uniformly sprinkles 1 ㎏ melting slag-cleaning agents, and 20min is incubated at 950~980 DEG C,
Allow silicon in the case of isolating oxygen with the abundant alloying of red copper rice；After insulation terminates, be respectively pressed into it is preheated account for it is above-mentioned total former
Material 0.5~0.8% aluminium ingot, copper and iron intermediate alloy and copper arsenic intermediate alloy, copper and iron close intermediate alloy addition to ensure on
The Fe contents in total raw material are stated up to 0.03~0.1%, the addition of copper arsenic intermediate alloy will ensure the addition in above-mentioned total raw material
Amount will ensure that up to 0.07~0.12%, 10min is stood after being sufficiently stirred for As contents in above-mentioned total raw material；
2）Copper plate is added, addition will ensure Cu contents in above-mentioned total raw material up to 62~65%, and the copper plate is that standard is cloudy
Pole copper, when copper coin fusing amount is up to 70~80%, the preheated 0# zinc ingot metals for accounting for total raw material 32.53~36.8% are pressed into, it is to be melted
Afterwards, stir, and be uniformly sprinkled into 1.5kg environment-friendly type scarfing cinder flux again on copper liquid surface, 1020 DEG C stand 10~
15min；
3）Sampling detection composition, and carry out composition adjustment according to composition detection data；
4）Flame, stirring, beat ash, drag for slag, should being stopped about in fire door when requiring that copper ash spoon beats ash from copper water during beating ash
20s, to ensure that copper water all flows into crucible in ash；
5）Load weighted fining agent is pressed into copper liquid with bell jar, is sufficiently stirred and stands 15~20min, the refinement after 1020 DEG C
Agent be by combination of F, Si, O, Mn, Ti element as the K salt or sodium salt of one or more of negative electricity valency acid ions, addition with
The relation of above-mentioned total raw material is 75~125g/T；
6）Carry out mobility, crystalline state, polishing state ingot casting impure point quantity and distribution etc. to examine, if light cup rough inner surface
Degree, burnishing surface impurity points and crystalline structure form are satisfied by requiring, you can casting, conversely, continue refining treatment, until
Meet that refining requires, obtain the copper liquid that Pb is less than 0.1%；
7）It will meet that the copper liquid less than 0.1% containing Pb that refining requires is poured into holding furnace, crystallizer be installed to the copper of holding furnace
It is coaxial with hauling machine to ensure with drawing bar correction center during installation on water out；
8）Copper water temperature in holding furnace is raised to small flame state, industrial voltage is 250~300V, while toward giving in water collar
Enter a small amount of cooling water, water 2.5L/s, preparation begins to use hauling machine to carry out drawing casting, led when just having started to draw casting after carrying out
Draw machine speed to slow down to 40~60mm/min, until draw cast successfully after voltage is dropped into 180~240V again, hauling machine speed is adjusted
To 60~80mm/min, and cooling water switch is opened, water 5.0L/s, can be incited somebody to action when drawing cast copper ingot length and reaching more than one meter
Hauling machine speed is adjusted to 80~100mm/min, meets technological requirement, and after casting normally is drawn, by hauling machine, synchronously saw is adjusted to
The length of sawing is needed, long will draw that cast copper ingot saw is short to draw cast copper ingot into suitable for the short of extruding;
It is described draw the step of cast copper ingot is squeezed into copper rod be by it is above-mentioned it is short draw cast copper ingot it is preheated after be placed in the extruding of pressurizing unit
In cylinder, short cast copper ingot one end of drawing is exerted a force by extrusion axis, copper ingot material is flowed out from the nib of extrusion die, needed for obtaining
A kind of plastic processing method of the brass bar of section configuration and size.
2. the preparation method of the unleaded low silicon extruding arsenic-brass bars of anti-dezincification according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Pressurizing unit includes recipient, extrusion die and extrusion axis, and the extruded hole for being extruded product, institute can be housed by having in the recipient
One end that extrusion axis is located at extruded hole is stated, the extrusion die is fixedly arranged on that one end of recipient away from extrusion axis, the extrusion die
The extrusion die orifice of product extrusion can will be extruded by being provided with, and the free end of the extrusion axis mutually interlocks and led to pushing drive device
Crossing pushing drive device can advance or retreat simultaneously.
3. the preparation method of the unleaded low silicon extruding arsenic-brass bars of anti-dezincification according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：It is described
Front end in the extruded hole of recipient positioned at extrusion axis is additionally provided with extruding pad.
4. the preparation method of the unleaded low silicon extruding arsenic-brass bars of anti-dezincification according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Step 4）The temperature of middle flame is 1050~1150 DEG C.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN108265196A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2018-07-10 | 江西鸥迪铜业有限公司 | A kind of corrosion-resistant easy forming elbow adds arsenic yellow copper Preparation Method |
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