CN107800151B - 一种带虚拟无源滤波器的孤岛微网逆变器控制方法 - Google Patents

一种带虚拟无源滤波器的孤岛微网逆变器控制方法 Download PDF

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CN107800151B
CN107800151B CN201710228577.1A CN201710228577A CN107800151B CN 107800151 B CN107800151 B CN 107800151B CN 201710228577 A CN201710228577 A CN 201710228577A CN 107800151 B CN107800151 B CN 107800151B
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黎燕
史向月
樊晓平
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/01—Arrangements for reducing harmonics or ripples
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/388—Islanding, i.e. disconnection of local power supply from the network
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种带虚拟无源滤波器的孤岛微网逆变器控制方法，检测逆变器输出电压和输出电流；利用输出电压和输出电流计算得到无功功率；设置虚拟无源滤波器，根据无功功率，获得虚拟无源滤波器的电容值，获得获得虚拟无源滤波器的电感值。获取输出电流的各次谐波电流；将各次虚拟无源滤波器的阻抗ZVfilterh与各次谐波电流ioh相乘后与给定电压ucref相减，再减去检测到的逆变器输出电压uc，进行PR控制，得到参考逆变器连接电感电流iLref；iLref与逆变器连接电感电流iL相减，进行PR控制后将结果送入PWM，实现对逆变器中功率器件的通断控制。本发明可以应用于带非线性负载的孤岛微网逆变器系统中，能显著抑制逆变器输出电流的谐波，提高电能质量，稳定公共连接点电压。

Description

一种带虚拟无源滤波器的孤岛微网逆变器控制方法
技术领域
本发明涉及分布式发电及电力电子技术领域，特别是一种具备谐波抑制能力的微网逆变器控制方法。
背景技术
随着微电网技术的发展，微电网系统中存在大量线性负荷与非线性负荷。非线性负荷包括逆变器、整流器等各类电力电子器件，微电网中的可再生能源大多通过电力电子逆变电路接入微电网,这些器件都会导致微电网入网支路以及内部支路上的电流谐波畸变，或在微电网公共耦合点处产生电压谐波畸变。如果这种谐波分量不加以整治，其将导致电网中的电压和电流波形畸变，降低电能利用率，严重影响电能质量,另一方面容易导致微电网内部负荷和逆变器无法正常工作,严重时甚至危及系统稳定性。传统配电网相比，微网的特殊网络性质和运行特点，以及包含其中的众多储能设备、检测控制设备都使微网电能质量问题有了许多新的特点。
围绕微电网电流、电压谐波治理的问题，各国学者和技术人员提出了一系列的方法。在抑制电流谐波方面，通过在含微网配电网络中安装补偿装置实现了对多种电能质量问题的控制。目前广泛使用的是无源滤波器和有源滤波器。理论上，在变换器侧加入合理的无源阻抗网络可提高系统运行性能。然而实际应用中，理想的无源阻抗网络是不存在的。比如，电阻和电容上存在等效串联电感。电感上存在等效串联电阻，此外，电阻存在损耗和发热问题，电感存在饱和电流过大时电感量明显降低等问题。这无疑降低了无源阻抗网络改善变换器系统运行的能力。有源滤波器在微网环境下的谐波补偿中应用也非常广泛，但考虑到微电网渗透率的增加,为每个微电网均配置一个有源滤波器，显然极大地提高了设备成本。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是，针对现有技术不足，提供一种带虚拟无源滤波器的孤岛微网逆变器控制方法。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明所采用的技术方案是：一种带虚拟无源滤波器的孤岛微网逆变器控制方法，包括以下步骤：
1)检测逆变器输出电压uc和输出电流io，计算出无功功率QC；设置虚拟滤波器器ZVfilter，由虚拟电容CV、虚拟电感LV和虚拟电阻构成虚拟电阻RVh；根据无功功率QC获得各次虚拟滤波器中虚拟电容的容值CVh，进而得到各次虚拟电感LVh的值；
2)利用带通滤波器，提取逆变器输出电流io的各次谐波电流ioh，将各次谐波电流ioh与各次虚拟滤波器阻抗ZVfilterh相乘，得到各次虚拟滤波器电压uVfilterh；
3)设置参考逆变器输出电压ucref，将ucref依次减去逆变器输出电压uc、各次虚拟滤波器电压uVfilterh，得到的差值ucref-uc-uVfilter送入第一PR控制器，获得逆变器连接电感电流的参考值iLref；
4)将iLref减去逆变器连接电感电流iL，得到的差值送入第二PR控制器，将第二PR控制器的输出信号送入PWM进行调制，获得6路开关信号，对逆变器中的6个开关器件进行通断控制。
各次虚拟滤波器满足以下关系：
Figure GDA0001369274270000021
其中，
Figure GDA0001369274270000022
谐波次数h＝5,7,11；ωh＝hω1，ω1是基波角频率；RVh为虚拟滤波器ZVfilter中的虚拟电阻，各次虚拟电阻RVh设置为固定值0.01Ω。
虚拟电容的容值
Figure GDA0001369274270000023
ω为公共连接点电压基波角频率。
无功功率
Figure GDA0001369274270000024
uca,ucb,ucc为逆变器各相的输出电压；ioa,iob,ioc为逆变器各相的输出电流。
各次谐波电流
Figure GDA0001369274270000025
其中阻尼系数
Figure GDA0001369274270000026
与现有技术相比，本发明所具有的有益效果为：本发明的方法能在使孤岛微网在带非线性负载的情况下抑制谐波、保持公共连接点处的电压稳定。
附图说明
图1是具有一个微源的带虚拟无源滤波器的孤岛微网逆变器的等效电路图；
图2是具备谐波抑制和无功补偿能力的逆变器控制方法总体控制框图。
具体实施方式
图1为微网逆变器的等效电路图。系统主要参数如下：DG是直流电压，模拟微源的输出，直流电压值为500V。控制每个逆变器输出电压的峰值为311V，频率为50Hz。逆变器输出侧的滤波电感L取值3mH，滤波电容C取值5000μF。负载为整流器，整流器侧带5Ω电阻RL和1mH电感LL。
图2是具备谐波抑制能力的微网逆变器控制方法总体控制框图。具体实施步骤如下：
1)检测逆变器输出电压uc(uca,ucb,ucc)和输出电流io(ioa,iob,ioc)，计算出无功功率QC；
Figure GDA0001369274270000031
设置虚拟滤波器器，由虚拟电容、虚拟电感和虚拟电阻构成，即
Figure GDA0001369274270000032
其中谐波次数h＝5,7,11。ωh＝hω1，ω1是基波角频率。
并根据无功功率QC获得各次虚拟电容CVh的容值，每次每相虚拟电容的容量为
Figure GDA0001369274270000033
进而根据
Figure GDA0001369274270000034
得到各次虚拟电感LVh的值。各次虚拟电阻设置为固定值0.01Ω。
2)利用带通滤波器
Figure GDA0001369274270000035
提取各次谐波电流ioh(ioah,iobh,ioch)，即
Figure GDA0001369274270000036
其中阻尼系数
Figure GDA0001369274270000041
将各次谐波电流ioh与各次虚拟滤波器阻抗ZVfilterh相乘，得到各次虚拟滤波器电压uVfilterh，即
uVfilterh＝ioh×ZVfilterh
3)设置参考逆变器输出电压ucref，将ucref减去逆变器输出电压uc和各次虚拟滤波器电压uVfilterh，得到的差值送入PR1控制器，获得逆变器连接电感电流的参考值iLref。所用PR1控制器中的比例系数设置为0.1，谐振系数为95。
4)将iLref减去逆变器连接电感电流iL，得到的差值送入PR2控制器，将PR2控制器的输出信号送入PWM进行调制，获得6路开关信号，对逆变器中的6个开关器件进行通断控制。所用PR2控制器中的比例系数设置为0.08，谐振系数为90。

Claims (3)

1.一种带虚拟无源滤波器的孤岛微网逆变器控制方法，其特征在于，
包括以下步骤：
1)检测逆变器输出电压uc和输出电流io，计算出无功功率QC；设置虚拟滤波器ZVfilter，由虚拟电容CVh、虚拟电感LVh和虚拟电阻RVh构成；根据无功功率QC获得各次虚拟滤波器中虚拟电容的容值CVh，进而得到各次虚拟电感LVh的值；
2)利用带通滤波器，提取逆变器输出电流io的各次谐波电流ioh，将各次谐波电流ioh与各次虚拟滤波器阻抗ZVfilterh相乘，得到各次虚拟滤波器电压uVfilterh；
3)设置参考逆变器输出电压ucref，将ucref依次减去逆变器输出电压uc、各次虚拟滤波器电压uVfilterh，得到的差值ucref-uc-uVfilter送入第一PR控制器，获得逆变器连接电感电流的参考值iLref；
4)将iLref减去逆变器连接电感电流iL，得到的差值送入第二PR控制器，将第二PR控制器的输出信号送入PWM进行调制，获得6路开关信号，对逆变器中的6个开关器件进行通断控制；
各次虚拟滤波器满足以下关系：
Figure FDA0002629074160000011
其中，
Figure FDA0002629074160000012
谐波次数h＝5,7,11；ωh＝hω1，ω1是基波角频率；RVh为虚拟滤波器ZVfilter中的虚拟电阻，各次虚拟电阻RVh设置为固定值0.01Ω；
虚拟电容的容值
Figure FDA0002629074160000013
ω为公共连接点电压基波角频率。
2.根据权利要求1所述的带虚拟无源滤波器的孤岛微网逆变器控制方法，其特征在于，无功功率
Figure FDA0002629074160000021
uca,ucb,ucc为逆变器各相的输出电压；ioa,iob,ioc为逆变器各相的输出电流。
3.根据权利要求1所述的带虚拟无源滤波器的孤岛微网逆变器控制方法，其特征在于，各次谐波电流
Figure FDA0002629074160000022
其中阻尼系数
Figure FDA0002629074160000023
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