CN107799772A - A kind of low temperature resistant lithium ion battery - Google Patents
A kind of low temperature resistant lithium ion battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN107799772A CN107799772A CN201610764224.9A CN201610764224A CN107799772A CN 107799772 A CN107799772 A CN 107799772A CN 201610764224 A CN201610764224 A CN 201610764224A CN 107799772 A CN107799772 A CN 107799772A
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- Prior art keywords
- lithium ion
- low temperature
- ion battery
- temperature resistant
- negative
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
- H01M4/587—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx for inserting or intercalating light metals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0568—Liquid materials characterised by the solutes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
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- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of low temperature resistant lithium ion battery, including positive pole and negative pole, the positive pole include positive electrode active materials and plus plate current-collecting body；The positive electrode active materials are the LiFePO4 for being coated with nanosizing carbon, and the positive pole adds CNT, and the collector is made up of carbon-coated aluminum foils and the positive electrode active materials are coated on the plus plate current-collecting body；The negative pole includes the negative current collector of negative active core-shell material and the coating negative active core-shell material, and the negative active core-shell material is amorphous carbon, and the negative current collector is copper foil.Compared to prior art, low temperature resistant lithium ion battery constant current under the same conditions ratio provided by the invention is 61.60%, and low temperature charging negative pole does not produce Li dendrite, improves the low temperature charging performance of lithium ion battery, extends the service life of lithium ion battery.
Description
【Technical field】
The present invention relates to cell art, more particularly to a kind of low temperature resistant lithium ion battery.
【Background technology】
In modern society, lithium ion battery is due to spies such as its is safe, cyclicity is good, nontoxic, high-energy-densities
Point is widely used to each electronic product.However, when ambient temperature is relatively low, the performance of lithium ion battery is greatly reduced, and is led to
Often, rechargeable battery polarization impedance is larger at low ambient temperatures for lithium ion battery, less than 0 DEG C can not be charged or charging capacity very
It is low, also, lithium ion easily separates out Zhi Jing on GND surface, has had a strong impact on battery.
In consideration of it, real be necessary to provide a kind of new low temperature resistant lithium ion battery to overcome disadvantages described above.
【The content of the invention】
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of good lithium ion battery of charging performance under low temperature environment.
To achieve these goals, the present invention provides a kind of low temperature resistant lithium ion battery, including positive pole and negative pole, described
Positive pole includes positive electrode active materials and plus plate current-collecting body；The positive electrode active materials are the LiFePO4 for being coated with nanosizing carbon,
The positive pole adds CNT, and the collector is made up of carbon-coated aluminum foils and the positive electrode active materials are coated on the positive pole
Collector；The negative pole includes the negative current collector of negative active core-shell material and the coating negative active core-shell material, and the negative pole is lived
Property material is amorphous carbon, and the negative current collector is copper foil.
In a preferred embodiment, the positive electrode active materials are spherical, the once grain of the positive electrode active materials
Footpath is 100nm-300nm.
In a preferred embodiment, caliber d≤20nm of the CNT.
In a preferred embodiment, the positive electrode active materials also include PVDF, the LiFePO4, carbon nanometer
Pipe, PVDF mass percent are 96.5%：1%：2.5%.
In a preferred embodiment, the D50 of the negative pole is 10um-11um.
In a preferred embodiment, in addition to electrolyte, the electrolyte include solvent, additive and lithium salts, institute
Stating solvent includes EC, DMC, EMC, PC and EP.
In a preferred embodiment, solvent total mass ratio EC shared by each composition in the solvent：PC：DMC：EMC：EP
For (10%-20%)：(5%-15%)：(15%-35%)：(10%-30%)：(25%-45%).
In a preferred embodiment, the additive includes VC, FEC and PS, and the VC accounts for the solvent gross mass
Percentage be 1%-2%, the percentage that the FEC accounts for the solvent gross mass is 1%-3%, and it is total that the PS accounts for the solvent
The percentage of quality is 2%-5%.
In a preferred embodiment, the lithium salts is LiPF6, and add 0.5%-1.5% LiODFB and
One kind in 0.5%-1.5% LiTFSI or two kinds.
In a preferred embodiment, the concentration of the lithium salts is 1.1mol/L-1.3mol/L.
Compared to prior art, low temperature resistant lithium ion battery constant current under the same conditions ratio provided by the invention is
61.60%, and low temperature charging negative pole do not produce Li dendrite, improve the low temperature charging performance of lithium ion battery, extend lithium from
The service life of sub- battery.
【Brief description of the drawings】
Fig. 1 is low temperature resistant -20 DEG C of lithium ion battery/1C provided in an embodiment of the present invention charging curve.
【Embodiment】
In order that the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantageous effects become apparent from understanding, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and
Embodiment, the present invention will be described in further detail.It should be appreciated that the specific implementation described in this specification
Mode is not intended to limit the present invention just for the sake of explaining the present invention.
The present invention provides a kind of low temperature resistant lithium ion battery, including positive pole, negative pole and electrolyte.
The positive pole includes the plus plate current-collecting body of positive electrode active materials and the coating positive electrode active materials；The positive pole is lived
Property material be the LiFePO4 for being coated with nanosizing carbon, the positive electrode active materials add CNT；The collector is by applying
Carbon aluminium foil is made.Specifically, caliber d≤20nm of the CNT.
The positive electrode active materials can shorten the road of lithium ion deintercalation using the LiFePO4 of nanosizing carbon coating processing
Footpath, diffusion rate is lifted, while uniform nanosizing carbon coating layer further increases electric conductivity, is advantageous to lift low temperature charge and discharge
Electrical property；CNT can form good conductive network, and have electric double layer effect, and the high magnification for playing ultracapacitor is special
Property, its good heat conductivility also helps radiating during battery charging and discharging, reduces the polarization of lithium ion battery, raising lithium ion
The high temperature performance of battery；Plus plate current-collecting body uses carbon-coated aluminum foils, can reduce contact resistance between active material and collector, carry
Adhesive force between high active substance and collector, the rate charge-discharge performance of lithium ion battery can be lifted.
Specifically, the positive electrode active materials are spherical, the primary particle size of the positive electrode active materials is 100nm-
300nm.The positive electrode active materials of low temperature resistant lithium ion battery provided by the invention are carried out on the basis of nanosizing carbon coating
Secondary granulation, glomeration is granulated, surface energy is reduced, is not susceptible to reunite, be advantageous to give full play to the low temperature of lithium ion battery
Charge-discharge performance.
The negative pole includes the negative current collector of negative active core-shell material and the coating negative active core-shell material；The negative pole is lived
Property material hold soft carbon to be high, be amorphous carbon.The D50 (median particle size) of the negative active core-shell material is 10um-11um.The present invention
The D50 particle diameters for the negative active core-shell material that the low temperature resistant lithium ion battery provided is selected are smaller, and 10-11 μm, specific surface area is big, oxygen
Change functional group is few, and head effects play height, can reach 88%, is charged under low temperature and be not likely to produce Li dendrite.The negative current collector is copper
Paper tinsel.
The electrolyte includes solvent, additive and lithium salts, and the solvent includes EC, DMC, EMC, PC and EP, described molten
Solvent total mass ratio EC shared by each composition in agent：PC：DMC：EMC：EP is (10%-20%)：(5%-15%)：(15%-
35%)：(10%-30%)：(25%-45%).
The solvent of the electrolyte of low temperature resistant lithium ion battery provided by the invention is on the basis of conventional EC, DMC, EMC
It is less viscous that the addition PC that fusing point is low, relative dielectric constant is high and fusing point are low, the low EP of viscosity makes electrolyte tool have at low temperature
Degree.
Specifically, the additive includes VC, FEC and PS, the percentage that the VC accounts for the solvent gross mass is 1%-
The percentage that 2%, the FEC account for the solvent gross mass is 1%-3%, and the percentage that the PS accounts for the solvent gross mass is
2%-5%.
The additive of the electrolyte of low temperature resistant lithium ion battery provided by the invention selects VC, FEC, PS combination, can
To form the small SEI films of impedance fine and close, uniformly, stable, lithium ion is improved between the electrolyte and the cathode interface
Electrical conductivity, improve the low temperature charging performance of battery.
Specifically, the lithium salts is LiPF6, and add 0.5%-1.5% LiODFB and 0.5%-1.5% LiTFSI
In one kind or two kinds, the concentration of the lithium salts is 1.1mol/L-1.3mol/L.Low temperature resistant lithium-ion electric provided by the invention
The lithium salts of the electrolyte in pond can help the negative pole to form even compact and the small SEI films of impedance, effectively increase battery
Low-temperature circulating performance.
Embodiment：
The parameters of the lithium ion battery of an embodiment provided by the invention are as follows：
1st, positive pole：
From the LiFePO 4 material (LFP) of carbon-coated nano secondary granulation globulate, its primary particle size 100-
300nm, conductive agent select caliber≤20nm CNT (CNT).
Formula：LFP：CNT：PVDF=96.5%：1%：2.5%.
It is coated uniformly on the collector of carbon-coated aluminum foils
2nd, negative pole：
Hold soft carbon (SC), its D50 from height：10-11μm.
Formula：SC：SP：CMC：SBR=94.5%：2%：1.5%：2%.
3rd, low-temperature electrolyte
Solvent：EC：PC：DMC：EMC：EP=15%：5%：20%：20%：40%.
Additive：1%VC, 2%FEC, 3%PS
Lithium salts：1.2mol/L LiPF6,0.8% LiODFB.
- 20 DEG C/1C charging measurements are carried out to the lithium ion battery of above-described embodiment, method of testing is as follows：
(1) by lithium ion battery, partial volume tests its capacity at normal temperatures.
(2) 2.0V is discharged to battery core under normal temperature.
(3) 16h is shelved under the conditions of -20 DEG C of low temperature.
(4) lithium ion battery is charged with 1C multiplying powers.
Embodiment data：
Fig. 1 is the charging curve of the low temperature resistant lithium ion battery of the above embodiment of the present invention.
Existing lithium ion battery is in -20 DEG C of low temperature, 1C charging constant currents ratio about 20%, compared to prior art,
The low temperature resistant lithium ion battery constant current under the same conditions ratio that invention provides is 61.60%, and low temperature charging negative pole does not produce
Li dendrite, the low temperature charging performance of lithium ion battery is improved, extend the service life of lithium ion battery.
The present invention is not restricted to described in specification and embodiment, therefore for the personnel of familiar field
Additional advantage and modification is easily achieved, therefore in the essence of the universal limited without departing substantially from claim and equivalency range
In the case of refreshing and scope, the present invention is not limited to specific details, representational equipment and shown here as the diagram with description
Example.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of low temperature resistant lithium ion battery, it is characterised in that including positive pole and negative pole, the positive pole includes positive-active material
Material and plus plate current-collecting body；The positive electrode active materials are the LiFePO4 for being coated with nanosizing carbon, and the positive pole adds carbon nanometer
Pipe, the collector is made up of carbon-coated aluminum foils and the positive electrode active materials are coated on the plus plate current-collecting body；The negative pole bag
The negative current collector of negative active core-shell material and the coating negative active core-shell material is included, the negative active core-shell material is amorphous carbon,
The negative current collector is copper foil.
2. low temperature resistant lithium ion battery as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The positive electrode active materials to be spherical,
The primary particle size of the positive electrode active materials is 100nm-300nm.
3. low temperature resistant lithium ion battery as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：The caliber d of the CNT≤
20nm。
4. low temperature resistant lithium ion battery as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that：The positive electrode active materials also include
PVDF, the LiFePO4, CNT, PVDF mass percent are 96.5%：1%：2.5%.
5. low temperature resistant lithium ion battery as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The D50 of the negative active core-shell material is
10um-11um。
6. low temperature resistant lithium ion battery as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Also include electrolyte, the electrolyte
Including solvent, additive and lithium salts, the solvent includes EC, DMC, EMC, PC and EP.
7. low temperature resistant lithium ion battery as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that：Solvent shared by each composition in the solvent
Total mass ratio EC：PC：DMC：EMC：EP is (10%-20%)：(5%-15%)：(15%-35%)：(10%-30%)：
(25%-45%).
8. low temperature resistant lithium ion battery as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that：The additive include VC, FEC and
The percentage that PS, the VC account for the solvent gross mass is 1%-2%, and the percentage that the FEC accounts for the solvent gross mass is
The percentage that 1%-3%, the PS account for the solvent gross mass is 2%-5%.
9. low temperature resistant lithium ion battery as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that：The lithium salts is LiPF6, and add
One kind in 0.5%-1.5% LiODFB and 0.5%-1.5% LiTFSI or two kinds.
10. low temperature resistant lithium ion battery as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that：The concentration of the lithium salts is 1.1mol/
L-1.3mol/L。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610764224.9A CN107799772A (en) | 2016-08-30 | 2016-08-30 | A kind of low temperature resistant lithium ion battery |
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| CN201610764224.9A CN107799772A (en) | 2016-08-30 | 2016-08-30 | A kind of low temperature resistant lithium ion battery |
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| CN107799772A true CN107799772A (en) | 2018-03-13 |
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| CN201610764224.9A Pending CN107799772A (en) | 2016-08-30 | 2016-08-30 | A kind of low temperature resistant lithium ion battery |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106784647A (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2017-05-31 | 深圳市锐拓新源科技有限公司 | A kind of ferric phosphate lithium cell for improving low temperature charging performance |
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