CN107798202A - The wooden local-style dwelling houses method for customizing of case-based reasioning - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of wooden local-style dwelling houses method for customizing of case-based reasioning, comprise the steps：（1）Wooden local-style dwelling houses data information is acquired, arrange, classify, count, analyzed, builds wooden local-style dwelling houses case library, the case library includes：Local-style dwelling houses house type storehouse, functional structure storehouse, cultural resource storehouse, data repository；（2）Based on the original case library of local-style dwelling houses, wooden popular residences morphology is formed to the wooden Folk house structure tree that a diversification is mapped as by rule, each tree-shaped node represents different wooden Folk house structure key elements according to level difference, forms the product configuration design based on structure tree and characterizes mould；（3）Wooden local-style dwelling houses configures design cycle.The characteristics of present invention has and can be digitized signs to user's request, and extraction result is accurate.The present invention can not only realize the personalized custom design of conventional wooden local-style dwelling houses, and realize digital protection and the succession of traditional non-material cultural heritage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of house building design, and particularly relates to a wooden dwelling customization method based on case-based reasoning.
Background
The Guizhou seedling and Dong minority nationality dwelling houses are various in form and variety, have ingenious structures, simple processes and creatively utilize natural resources, show great creation of minority nationalities, and are a precious national material cultural heritage. In recent years, with the trend of global economy and the acceleration of the modernization process, especially with the promotion of the current urbanization construction, the protection and inheritance of the cultural heritage of buildings face a severe test. How to better utilize various traditional building forms through modern technology and means, make it capable of going home to common people, let people all enjoy this cultural wealth has important meaning. In the prior art, the traditional wooden dwellings are designed only by utilizing a computer, and the personalized design of the traditional wooden dwellings is lacked from the structure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and provide a wooden dwelling customization method based on case reasoning, which can be used for carrying out personalized customization design from structural characteristics by using a computer based on a traditional case, and has short design period and strong visualization.
The invention relates to a case reasoning-based wooden dwelling customization method, which comprises the following steps of:
(1) wooden house case base construction: collecting, sorting, classifying, counting and analyzing wooden dwelling data, systematically classifying and deconstructing structural components of the wooden dwelling in combination with the structural characteristics of the dwelling, analyzing the use rule of the house components and the application states of the house components in different scenes, and constructing an original wooden dwelling case library;
(2) constructing a product configuration characterization model based on the structure tree: mapping the wooden folk house form into a diversified wooden folk house structure tree through rules according to the original case library of the folk house established in the step (1), wherein each tree-shaped node represents different wooden folk house structural elements according to different levels to form a product configuration design characterization model based on the structure tree, and instantiating the construction units in the wooden folk house construction carrier according to the model to construct the wooden folk house structure tree; constraint matching is carried out on nodes at the bottommost layer of the structure tree in the product configuration process, different configurations are selected in sequence according to the hierarchy structure of the nodes, all the nodes are combined according to predefined configuration constraint conditions, and configuration results of different requirements are output through correction of knowledge and experience;
(3) wooden house configuration design process: in the configuration design process, a construction unit set meeting basic functional requirements of a customer can be searched in a wooden dwelling case library and combined into a wooden dwelling product construction carrier, then a case closest to the product construction carrier is searched in the case library through a similarity algorithm and is used as a construction prototype of the wooden dwelling, and according to the characteristic that the structure is a functional carrier, the searched similar case product is matched with the structure of a target product in structure and function, so that the similar case is modified according to the difference between the target product construction carrier and the similar case product in a detailed design stage, and the product required by the user can be obtained.
The wooden folk house customization method based on case-based reasoning is as follows: the case base in the step (1) comprises: the system comprises a residential house type library, a functional structure library, a culture resource library and a data resource library.
The wooden folk house customization method based on case-based reasoning is as follows: the wooden folk house structure tree in the step (2) is an irregular tree, nodes in the same level can be replaced with one another, and the positions of the nodes in the tree can be represented by a linked list formed by nodes from the nodes to a root node.
The wooden folk house customization method based on case-based reasoning is as follows: the similarity algorithm formula in the step (3) is as follows:
wherein num (nod1 ∩ nod2) and num (nod1 ∪ nod2) respectively represent a product p1And product p2The number of elements in the included node intersection and union; snRepresenting the similarity between two nodes in a pair in a node intersection.
In the formula, Consist (nod)i) Showing comparison of paired structure nodes when product p1And product p2When all the nodes contain the structural node, the value is 1, otherwise, the value is 0; num (nod 1)i∩nod2i) And num (nod 1)i∪nod2i) Respectively representing the number of the elements of the intersection and the union of the position nodes covered by the paired structure nodes in the structure tree.
Compared with the prior art, the method has obvious beneficial effects that the scheme shows that the method is characterized in that a product configuration representation model based on the structure tree is designed by constructing an original case library of the wooden dwelling, so that the structural characteristics of the wooden dwelling are used as basic attributes of configuration design to construct a wooden dwelling structural carrier based on the structure tree, on the basis, a case reasoning theory is adopted, and under the condition that the target case and the design case are different in structure, the configuration design method for finding the product which is most similar to the target case in structural characteristics is realized by case retrieval, and the rapid digital design and the personalized customized design of the traditional wooden dwelling can be realized by utilizing a computer technology. In a word, the invention not only can realize the personalized customized design of the traditional wooden folk house from the structural characteristics, but also realizes the digital protection and inheritance of the traditional non-material cultural heritage.
The advantageous effects of the present invention will be further described below by way of specific embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a design flow of wooden dwelling configuration based on case-based reasoning according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a wooden residential original case base of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a representation model of a structure tree based product configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a wooden folk house tree of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a structural view of a customized wooden dwelling A in the example;
FIG. 6 is a construction support of a wooden dwelling A in an example;
FIG. 7 is a tree of construction support structures of the wooden dwellings A in the examples;
fig. 8 is a case structure tree in the wooden residential case base in the example.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description will be made of specific embodiments, features and effects of the case-based reasoning wooden dwelling customization method according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.
The invention relates to a case reasoning-based wooden dwelling customization method, which comprises the following steps of:
(1) and (3) performing deconstruction analysis on the Miao Dong wooden dwelling case: the dry fence is one of southern minority residential building forms. In order to adapt to terrain conditions, the Guizhou Miao nationality people mostly build a village based on mountains, the rear half part of a house is built on the ground, and the front half part of the house is overhead, namely a semi-dry hurdle type building, which is also called a suspended footwall. The Dong minority is mostly built by mountains and water, and the Dong minority takes the middle floor as the main layer of daily life, which is an important characteristic different from the living form of the seedling minority.
(2) Wooden house case base construction: through the field investigation of Guizhou, and Guizhou, the original case library of the Miao Dong wooden dwelling is established by collecting, sorting, classifying, counting and analyzing the data of the Miao Dong wooden dwelling. The method comprises the steps of performing systematic classification and morphological deconstruction on structural components of the residents by combining the structural characteristics of the residents, analyzing the use rule of the house components and the application states of the house components in different scenes, and constructing a case base for case reasoning (CBR), as shown in FIG. 2.
(3) Constructing a product configuration characterization model based on the structure tree: the method comprises the steps of establishing a local home original case library according to Miao Dong wooden local home case deconstruction analysis, mapping wooden local home forms into a diversified product structure tree according to a certain rule, wherein each tree node represents different product elements according to different levels. Constraint matching is performed from the node at the bottommost layer in the product configuration process, different configurations are sequentially selected according to the node hierarchical structure, finally, all nodes are combined according to predefined configuration constraint conditions, and configuration results of different requirements are output through correction of knowledge and experience, as shown in fig. 3.
(4) Wooden house configuration design process: in the configuration design process, a construction unit set meeting basic functional requirements of customers can be searched in the wooden resident case library and combined into a wooden resident product construction carrier. And then, searching a case which is the closest to the product construction carrier in a case library through a similarity algorithm, and taking the case as a construction prototype of the wooden folk house. According to the characteristic that the structure is a functional carrier, the retrieved similar case products are matched with the structure of the target product in structure and function, so that the products required by the user can be obtained only by modifying the similar cases according to the difference between the structural carrier of the target product and the similar case products in the detailed design stage, as shown in fig. 1.
(5) Search algorithm for similar cases: the method extracts a design scheme which is most similar to a civil structure carrier required to be constructed from the existing civil case library, thereby providing a suitable reference case for a detailed design stage, and being an important way for pushing a case reasoning method based on a structure tree to practicability in product configuration design.
Designing a characterization model according to the product configuration based on the structure tree, instantiating the construction units in the wooden residential structure carrier, and constructing the wooden residential structure tree, as shown in fig. 4.
The method for customizing the Miao Dong wooden dwelling based on case reasoning comprises the following steps: in the step (1), most of the dry fence residences are through-bucket type dry fence wooden buildings, and the dry fence wooden buildings can be built on a wide flat ground with a foundation or built on a mountain waist without the foundation at the overhead bottom according to the actual geographic environment. With the expansion of space and area requirements of residences, dry fence buildings have been developed from simple two floors to three and four floors. The framework of the house generally comprises a "bent frame", a "purlin" and a "purlin", wherein the "bent frame" can be divided into five columns of four melons, five columns of six melons and five columns of eight melons according to the number of the melon columns, the more the melon columns are, the larger the scale of the house is. When the residential building is built, the number of the bent frames is usually determined according to the building scale of the house, and four rows of the bent frames are generally arranged between three rooms, six rows of the bent frames are generally arranged between five rooms.
The dry fence residential house is mainly characterized in that the roof forms include a suspended mountain top, a suspended mountain top and a hard mountain top, eaves forms are divided into a single eaves and a heavy eaves, and the suspended mountain type single-eaves roof is adopted by Dong houses in southeast Qian areas. The roofing material mainly comprises small green tile, bark and couch grass. According to the roof water pouring mode, the water pouring mode can be divided into two-side water pouring, three-side water pouring and four-side water pouring, wherein the two-side water pouring is used most.
The Miao Dong wooden dwelling usually has a plurality of auxiliary buildings and decorative members besides the above necessary building construction forms. The auxiliary buildings comprise partial buildings, grain bins and the like. The decorative components comprise galleries, beauty rests, hanging columns, column heads, exposed parts of lifting purlin and penetrating purlin, flower centers of the breast boards and the window columns and the like.
The method for customizing the Miao Dong wooden dwelling based on case reasoning comprises the following steps: in step (2), the case library content includes: the system comprises a resident house type library, a functional structure library, a culture resource library, a data resource library and the like, and provides accurate and reliable case resources for researchers and users.
The method for customizing the Miao Dong wooden dwelling based on case reasoning comprises the following steps: in step (3), the product configuration design characterization model is represented by CiRepresents a product component, CijRepresents CiStructural features of each member; piRepresents a product part, PijRepresents the composition PiEach component or sub-component of (a); s represents the subsystems of the product, and the connecting lines between the subsystems represent corresponding constraint relations. The relationship is as follows: ci＝(Ci1,Ci2,......，Cij)(j＝1，2，......，n)，Pi＝(Pi1，Pi2，......，Pij)＝(C1，C2，......，Cj) (if P)ijAll are members, the latter is true) (j ═ 1, 2. As can be seen from FIG. 8, the component nodes can continue to be broken down into building blocks, resulting in a complete product hierarchy.
Therefore P is3＝(C6，C7)；P1＝(P3,C3)＝(C6,C7,C3)；S1＝(P1，C1)＝(C6，C7，C3，C1) And sequentially obtaining the combinations of all nodes upwards through screening and combining the last level of tree nodes, including matching in product attributes and structures, and finally generating a product configuration case meeting the requirements. M represents a product case model, then M ═ S1，S2,......，Sx；P1，P2，......，Pm；Ci，C2，......，Cn)。
The method for customizing the Miao Dong wooden dwelling based on case reasoning comprises the following steps: in step (5), the wooden residential structure tree is an irregular tree, nodes in the same hierarchy can be replaced with each other, and the positions of the nodes in the tree can be represented by a linked list formed by nodes experienced from the node to the root node.
The description of node nod is as follows:
typedefstruct s-nod
{
struct s-nod nod; // node
struct s-not up, down; // record the nodes of the upper and lower layers
}nod；
The wooden folk house case structure tree can be expressed as a set of the above nodes:
p＝{nod1,nod2…,nodi,…}
the similarity calculation formula for the wooden folk house case retrieval is as follows:
wherein num (nod1 ∩ nod2) and num (nod1 ∪ nod2) respectively represent a product p1And product p2The number of elements in the included node intersection and union; snRepresenting the similarity between two nodes in a pair in a node intersection.
In the formula, Consist (nod)i) Showing comparison of paired structure nodes when product p1And product p2When all the nodes contain the structural node, the value is 1, otherwise, the value is 0; num (nod 1)i∩nod2i) And num (nod 1)i∪nod2i) Respectively representing the number of the elements of the intersection and the union of the position nodes covered by the paired structure nodes in the structure tree.
Through the algorithm calculation, the wood residential structure carrier structure tree is compared with the target design case structure tree, a product which is most similar to the target residential structure carrier in structural characteristics in an existing design case base can be found, and the product can enter a detailed design stage by taking the wood residential structure carrier as a design prototype and taking the wood residential structure carrier as a design target, so that the wood residential product is designed in detail.
The examples are as follows:
according to the invention, large-scale personalized customization of the Guizhou Miao Dong minority wood residences is used as a design case, the configuration design of the residents is carried out on the design case, and the feasibility of a product configuration method based on a structure tree and a CBR theory is verified.
Suppose that a customer needs to construct a wooden dwelling a as shown in fig. 5, and the requirements on the function and structure of the dwelling are some house construction characteristics such as 'five-column four-melon front and back hanging melon', 'four-row three-room', 'two-layer', 'bottom layer overhead', 'single-eave suspended mountain top', 'corridor' and the like.
Firstly, constructing a local building vector. And (3) retrieving and screening all the construction units in the residential case base to obtain the wooden residential construction carrier shown in figure 6, and further obtaining the residential construction carrier structure tree shown in figure 7.
The case most similar to the folk house a construction carrier structure tree is searched second. Suppose that there are two cases wooden dwellings B and C as shown in fig. 8 in the case base.
The similarity degree with the wooden folk house A is obtained according to the formula (1) and the formula (2). The process of searching for similar cases is shown in table 1.
Table 1 similar case retrieval procedure
The similarity between the local residence A and the local residence B is as follows:
Sim(a,b)＝(1+1+1+0+1+1+…+1+0+0+0)/(22+3)＝0.64
the similarity between the local residence A and the local residence C is as follows:
Sim(a,c)＝(1+1+1+1+0+1+1+…+1+1+0)/(22+2)＝0.79
thus, for the folk house a, the folk house C is closer to the target product than the folk house B, and the designer can regard it as a design prototype. In the next detailed design stage, the construction carrier of the local-style dwelling houses A is constructed as a target, the local-style dwelling houses C are used as a design prototype, the local-style dwelling houses A can be designed in detail, then cases are output, finally whether the requirements of customers are met or not is determined finally through scheme evaluation, the schemes which do not meet the requirements are designed in detail again, the schemes which meet the requirements of the customers output case results, the design task is completed, and new cases are placed in a wooden local-style dwelling house product case base.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A wooden folk house customization method based on case reasoning comprises the following steps:
(1) wooden house case base construction: the method comprises the steps of carrying out data acquisition, sorting, classification, statistics and analysis on the wooden dwellings, carrying out systematic classification and form deconstruction on structural components of the wooden dwellings by combining structural characteristics of the dwellings, analyzing the use rules of the house components and application states of the house components in different scenes, and constructing an original wooden dwellings case library;
(2) constructing a product configuration characterization model based on the structure tree: mapping the wooden folk house form into a diversified wooden folk house structure tree through rules according to the original case library of the folk house established in the step (1), wherein each tree-shaped node represents different wooden folk house structural elements according to different levels to form a product configuration design characterization model based on the structure tree, and instantiating the construction units in the wooden folk house construction carrier according to the model to construct the wooden folk house structure tree; constraint matching is carried out on nodes at the bottommost layer of the structure tree in the product configuration process, different configurations are selected in sequence according to the hierarchy structure of the nodes, all the nodes are combined according to predefined configuration constraint conditions, and configuration results of different requirements are output through correction of knowledge and experience;
(3) wooden house configuration design process: in the configuration design process, a construction unit set meeting basic functional requirements of a customer can be searched in a wooden dwelling case library and combined into a wooden dwelling product construction carrier, then a case closest to the product construction carrier is searched in the case library through a similarity algorithm and is used as a construction prototype of the wooden dwelling, and according to the characteristic that the structure is a functional carrier, the searched similar case product is matched with the structure of a target product in structure and function, so that the similar case is modified according to the difference between the target product construction carrier and the similar case product in a detailed design stage, and the product required by the user can be obtained.
2. A case-based reasoning wooden dwelling customization method as claimed in claim 1, characterized by: the case base in the step (1) comprises: the system comprises a residential house type library, a functional structure library, a culture resource library and a data resource library.
3. A case-based reasoning wooden dwelling customization method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized by: the wooden folk house structure tree in the step (2) is an irregular tree, nodes in the same level can be replaced with one another, and the positions of the nodes in the tree can be represented by a linked list formed by nodes from the nodes to a root node.
4. A case-based reasoning wooden dwelling customization method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized by: the similarity algorithm formula in the step (3) is as follows:
wherein,andrespectively representing productsAnd productsThe number of elements in the included node intersection and union;representing the similarity between two nodes in pairs in the node intersection;
in the formula,showing comparison of paired structural nodes as the productAnd productsAll compriseWhen the structure node is in a node state, the value is 1, otherwise, the value is 0;andrespectively representing the number of the elements of the intersection and the union of the position nodes covered by the paired structure nodes in the structure tree.
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