CN107798165B - Method for considering inductive coupling and capacitive coupling in steel rail potential and steel rail current - Google Patents

Method for considering inductive coupling and capacitive coupling in steel rail potential and steel rail current Download PDF

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CN107798165B
CN107798165B CN201710826207.8A CN201710826207A CN107798165B CN 107798165 B CN107798165 B CN 107798165B CN 201710826207 A CN201710826207 A CN 201710826207A CN 107798165 B CN107798165 B CN 107798165B
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steel rail
current
rail
potential
ground
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CN107798165A (en
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邓云川
李良威
徐剑
刘梅
肖琨
何宏国
严希
杨佳
高宏
陈建君
林宗良
宋兵
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China Railway Eryuan Engineering Group Co Ltd CREEC
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60M—POWER SUPPLY LINES, AND DEVICES ALONG RAILS, FOR ELECTRICALLY- PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60M1/00—Power supply lines for contact with collector on vehicle
    • B60M1/30—Power rails

Abstract

Determining the excitation response of the interference incident field generated by other conductor currents except the researched steel rail and the ground in a steel rail-ground loop, wherein the steel rail potential and the steel rail current mainly come from the backflow current injected or flowed by a traction power supply system; considering the interference incident field excitation response formed by other traction network wires except the researched steel rail-ground loop and other steel rail-ground loops through inductive coupling and the interference incident field excitation response formed by each traction network loop in the steel rail-ground loop through capacitive coupling by combining the current distribution coefficient of each wire of the traction power supply system; and calculating formulas of the reflux current injected or flowed by the traction power supply system and the steel rail potential and the steel rail current of the interference incident field excitation response of the researched steel rail and other extraterrestrial traction network conductors are obtained by writing differential equations of the steel rail potential and the steel rail current in a row, so that accurate steel rail potential and steel rail current distribution are obtained according to boundary conditions.

Description

Method for considering inductive coupling and capacitive coupling in steel rail potential and steel rail current
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for calculating the potential and current of a steel rail of a traction power supply system of an electrified railway in a direct power supply mode with a return line.
Background
The rail potential and rail current refer to the potential of the rail-ground loop and the current flowing on the rail. In a high-speed railway, a steel rail and the ground are used as important components of a return system, running current or short-circuit current with a certain proportion flows through the steel rail and the ground to flow back to a traction substation, and alternating magnetic flux is generated in a steel rail-ground loop space by the current of the steel rail and the ground, so that potential difference between the steel rail and the ground, namely the potential of the steel rail, is generated. In addition, the current flowing in other conductors, such as contact lines, catenary wires, return lines, etc., also generates alternating magnetic flux in the rail-ground loop space, and thus generates rail potential. As a part of a travelling guide rail and a traction power supply loop of a motor train unit, an excessively high rail potential inevitably brings a series of influences, such as threat to normal operation of signal equipment and personal safety of line maintenance personnel and passengers. Therefore, the calculation of the rail potential and the rail current is an important content of the calculation of the traction power supply system. In addition, the learners have made a great deal of deductions on the rail potential and the rail current, the deductions mostly adopt a circuit mode, the source of the rail potential and the rail current mostly considers the excitation source response of the return current injected (flowed) into (out of) the rail-ground loop and the interference incident field excitation response formed by the overhead contact system (contact line and catenary) on the rail-ground loop through inductive coupling, however, based on the electromagnetic field, from the analysis of crosstalk and coupling mechanism, the source of the rail potential and the rail current also comprises the interference incident field excitation response formed by other traction network leads (return line, comprehensive ground wire and the like) and other rail-ground loops on the researched rail-ground loop through inductive coupling and the interference incident field excitation response formed by the traction network loops on the rail-ground loop through capacitive coupling, in view of this, it is necessary to develop further research on the calculation of the rail potential and current, and to improve and perfect the existing calculation method.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a steel rail potential and steel rail current calculation method considering the exciting response of an interference incident field of inductive coupling and capacitive coupling so as to obtain accurate steel rail potential and steel rail current distribution.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the invention relates to a method for calculating the potential and current of a steel rail by considering the exciting response of an interference incident field of inductive coupling and capacitive coupling, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: determining the potential of a steel rail and the current of the steel rail, wherein the potential and the current of the steel rail mainly come from return current injected or flowed by a traction power supply system and other conductors except the steel rail and the earth, and the current stimulates and responds to an interference incident field generated in a steel rail-earth loop; considering interference incident field excitation response formed by other traction network wires and other steel rail-ground loops except the researched steel rail and the ground through inductive coupling and interference incident field excitation response formed by other traction network wires and other steel rail-ground loops except the researched steel rail-ground loop through capacitive coupling in combination with the current distribution coefficient of each wire of the traction power supply system; and obtaining a calculation formula of the steel rail potential and the steel rail current which are used for calculating the reflux current injected or flowed out by the traction power supply system and the interference incident field excitation response of the traction network conductor by writing differential equations of the steel rail potential and the steel rail current in a row, and further obtaining accurate steel rail potential and steel rail current distribution according to boundary conditions.
The method comprises the following steps:
firstly, a distribution parameter equivalent model of a steel rail-ground loop is built, excitation source responses generated by steel rail reflux current and earth reflux current in the steel rail-ground loop are analyzed, magnetic fluxes generated by two reflux currents in the steel rail-ground loop are written in series, and then only a differential equation of steel rail potential and steel rail current of the response of the steel rail-ground loop excitation source injected or discharged by the reflux current is considered according to the series writing of the steel rail reflux current, the earth reflux current and the injected steel rail current.
Secondly, considering inductive coupling generated by currents of other traction network conductors except the researched steel rail and the ground and currents of other steel rail-ground loop on the researched steel rail-ground loop, combining current distribution coefficients of other traction network conductors except the steel rail and the ground, and writing differential equations of steel rail potential and steel rail current under the excitation response of interference incident fields generated by the inductive coupling on the steel rail-ground loop in series on the basis of the step I;
considering the capacitive coupling of the current of each loop of other traction nets outside the researched steel rail-ground loop on the researched steel rail-ground loop, combining the current distribution coefficients of each conductor of the traction nets, writing a differential equation of the steel rail potential and the steel rail current under the excitation response of an interference incident field generated by the capacitive coupling on the steel rail-ground loop on the basis of the step II, and obtaining a corresponding calculation formula of the steel rail potential and the steel rail current by solving;
fourthly, writing boundary conditions, solving unknown coefficients of the calculation formula of the rail potential and the rail current, and obtaining distribution results of the rail potential and the rail current.
The method has the advantages that the method is applied to a direct power supply system with the return line, the interference incident field excitation response of inductive coupling and capacitive coupling is considered based on electromagnetic field crosstalk and coupling mechanism analysis, the specific situation of a traction network conductor is combined, other traction network leads except a contact network and other steel rail-ground loops are considered for the first time through the interference incident field excitation response formed by inductive coupling in the researched steel rail-ground loop and the interference incident field excitation response formed by capacitive coupling in the steel rail-ground loop of each traction network loop, differential equations of the steel rail potential and the steel rail current are written, and the steel rail potential and the steel rail current distribution of the direct power supply mode with the return line are accurately calculated by combining boundary conditions.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a rail-earth loop distribution parameter model of a single-wire traction network with a return line direct supply mode.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the current flow direction of the conductor of the traction power supply system with the return line direct supply mode.
Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a conductor of a traction power supply system with a return line direct supply mode.
Fig. 4 is an equivalent diagram from the substation to the train set.
FIG. 5 is a waveform diagram of rail potential.
Fig. 6 is a waveform diagram of a rail current.
Detailed Description
The invention is explained in further detail below with reference to the drawings.
The invention considers the calculation method of the rail potential and the rail current of the interference incident field excitation response of inductive coupling and capacitive coupling, and determines that the rail potential and the rail current mainly come from the reflux current injected or flowed out by a traction power supply system and other conductors except the rail and the earth, and the current generates the interference incident field excitation response in a rail-earth loop; considering the interference incident field excitation response formed by other traction network wires and other steel rail-ground loops outside the researched steel rail and ground through inductive coupling and the interference incident field excitation response formed by other traction network wires and other steel rail-ground loops outside the researched steel rail-ground loops through capacitive coupling for the first time by combining the current distribution coefficients of all the wires of the traction power supply system; and obtaining a calculation formula of the steel rail potential and the steel rail current which are used for calculating the reflux current injected or flowed out by the traction power supply system and the interference incident field excitation response of the traction network conductor by writing differential equations of the steel rail potential and the steel rail current in a row, and further obtaining accurate steel rail potential and steel rail current distribution according to boundary conditions.
The method comprises the following steps:
firstly, a distribution parameter equivalent model of a steel rail-ground loop is built, excitation source responses generated by steel rail reflux current and earth reflux current in the steel rail-ground loop are analyzed, magnetic fluxes generated by two reflux currents in the steel rail-ground loop are written in series, and then only a differential equation of steel rail potential and steel rail current of the response of the steel rail-ground loop excitation source injected or discharged by the reflux current is considered according to the series writing of the steel rail reflux current, the earth reflux current and the injected steel rail current.
Secondly, considering inductive coupling generated by currents of other traction network conductors except the researched steel rail and the ground and currents of other steel rail-ground loop on the researched steel rail-ground loop, combining current distribution coefficients of other traction network conductors except the steel rail and the ground, and writing differential equations of steel rail potential and steel rail current under the excitation response of interference incident fields generated by the inductive coupling on the steel rail-ground loop in series on the basis of the step I;
considering the capacitive coupling of the current of each loop of other traction nets outside the researched steel rail-ground loop on the researched steel rail-ground loop, combining the current distribution coefficients of each conductor of the traction nets, writing a differential equation of the steel rail potential and the steel rail current under the excitation response of an interference incident field generated by the capacitive coupling on the steel rail-ground loop on the basis of the step II, and obtaining a corresponding calculation formula of the steel rail potential and the steel rail current by solving;
fourthly, writing boundary conditions, solving unknown coefficients of the calculation formula of the rail potential and the rail current, and obtaining distribution results of the rail potential and the rail current.
The rail potential and the rail current refer to the potential of the rail-ground circuit and the current flowing on the rail, and from the point of view of the traction power supply system circuit, as shown in figure 1, taking a direct power supply mode with a return line as an example, a steel rail and the ground as a return conductor, a contact line and a catenary form a part of a main loop of a traction power supply system, and the steel rail-ground loop as a non-main loop, the incident field excitation is mainly caused by two aspects, one is used as a return path to draw the return current injected (flowed) by the power supply system, and it is noted that, this excitation can be positive or negative, the outflow current being negative, assuming the injected current is positive, on the other hand, besides the rail and the earth, exciting response of interference incident fields generated by currents on other conductors, such as contact lines, carrier cables, return lines, comprehensive ground lines and the like, in a steel rail-ground loop; the interference incident field excitation is generated by electromagnetic field coupling, the electromagnetic field coupling can be divided into magnetic field coupling (inductive) and electric field coupling (capacitive), and for a traction power supply system, the magnetic field coupling (inductive) is a main incident field interference source. In addition, the loop formed by a single rail and the ground is also excited by interfering incident fields from other rails and ground loops.
(1) Return current injection (outflow) rail-ground loop stimulus response
The rail-ground loop generally constructs an equivalent model according to distribution parameters, the basic infinitesimal of the distribution parameters is composed of series impedance Zdx-rdx + jwLdx and parallel admittance ydx-gdx + jwcdx, and the rail-ground loop is composed of an infinite number of infinitesimals, as shown in fig. 1. The return current is injected (flowed) into the rail-earth loop to form rail return current and earth return current, and the rail return current and earth return current are respectively analyzed according to the excitation source responses generated in the rail-earth loop, for the convenience of analysis, it is considered that the return conductor is only formed by rail and earth, and the magnetic flux generated in the loop by the rail return current per unit length is
Figure GDA0003213465410000051
Where μ is the soil permeability, I is the rail current, D is the equivalent ground return depth, r0Calculating the radius for the rail; while the earth return current generates a magnetic flux per unit length in the circuit of
Figure GDA0003213465410000052
The process can be understood as that the electric locomotive gets power through the pantograph to obtain traction electric energy, the return current firstly enters the steel rail through the wheel rail contact and then enters the ground through the leakage conductance between the steel rail and the ground, and therefore, the sum of the return current of the steel rail and the return current of the ground is equal to the current injected into the steel rail. According to the direction of the two reflux currents, the magnetic fluxes generated in the rail-ground loop are as follows:
Figure GDA0003213465410000053
in the formula, L is the inductance per unit length of the steel rail-ground loop. By combining the steel rail-ground loop distribution parameter model, the system of differential equations can be further obtained as follows:
Figure GDA0003213465410000054
(2) inductively coupled interfering incident field excitation response
In addition to the excitation response of the rail current and the earth current in the rail-earth loop, the currents in the other traction network conductors also generate an alternating magnetic flux in the rail-earth loop, thereby generating an inductively disturbing incident field excitation-induced potential. The induced potential generates an induced current in the rail-ground loop, which current appears as eddy currents in the surface layer of the ground in the direction opposite to the direction of return of the rail, and in the deep layer of the ground in the same direction as the return current of the ground. The structure of the direct power supply mode with the single-wire return line is shown in fig. 2.
The current distribution coefficients of a contact line JW, a carrier cable CW, a return line NW and a through ground line EW are respectively assumed to be k1、k2、k3、k4When the load current is I', the current of JW, CW, NW, EW is k1I′、k2I′、k3I′、k4I'. The mutual inductance coefficients between JW, CW, NW and EW and the rail R1-earth loop are respectively assumed to be M10、M20、M30、M40. Therefore, the induced electromotive force between the other conductors of the traction network per unit length and the rail R1-ground loop is:
Figure GDA0003213465410000061
in the formula, Mg1Is the comprehensive mutual inductance per unit length between other conductors of the traction network and the rail R1-earth loop.
At this time, the differential equation is listed according to the excitation as:
Figure GDA0003213465410000062
by considering the influence of inductive coupling and applying the superposition principle on the basis of the formula (2), the calculation formula of the ground potential of the steel rail and the current of the steel rail can be obtained as follows:
Figure GDA0003213465410000063
the calculation formula of the formula (5) is a calculation formula of the rail potential and the current on a single rail. When the current and potential distribution on a certain steel rail is calculated, the influence of induced potential generated on the ground loop of the steel rail by other steel rails and the ground loop is also required to be considered. Because the system is symmetrical, the two steel rails are connected at a certain distance at the same time, and the current and the potential in the two steel rail-ground loops are equal, the induced electromotive force generated by the steel rail R2-ground loop in the steel rail R1-ground loop is as follows:
dEP'(x)＝jωMg2(i(x)-I0/2)dx (6)
in the formula, Mg2Is the mutual inductance between the rail R2-earth return circuit and the rail R1-earth return circuit.
In order to reflect the mutual inductance influence between the steel rail and the ground loop, the superposition principle is applied on the basis of the formula (5), and the following results are obtained:
Figure GDA0003213465410000071
(3) capacitively coupled interfering incident field excitation response
Based on fig. 3, it is assumed that the circuits formed by CW and R1, CW and R2, CW and NW, CW and EW, CW and E, JW and R1, JW and R2, JW and NW, JW and EW, and JW and E are circuit 1, circuit 2, circuit 3, circuit 4, circuit 5, circuit 6, circuit 7, circuit 8, circuit 9, and circuit 10, respectively. The capacitive coupling coefficients of the magnetic coupling agent and the rail ground return circuit are respectively c10、c20、c30、c40、c50、c60、c70、c80、c90、c100. Suppose that
Figure GDA0003213465410000073
Loading capacitive coupling induction voltage on the steel rail-ground loop for each traction network loop; zLFor the ground loop impedance of the traction network, the influence of inductive coupling between different single rails is taken into account, ZL＝r+jωL+jωMg2；c0For coupling capacitances between all traction network loops and rail ground loops, and c0＝c10+ c20+c30+c40+c50+c60+c70+c80+c90+c100. The capacitive coupling induced voltage between the loop 1-the loop 10 and the rail ground loop is as follows:
Figure GDA0003213465410000072
wherein, USFor the voltage of the traction network circuits, 25kV may be used here.
Therefore, considering the interfering incident field excitation response of capacitive coupling, applying the superposition theorem on the basis of equation (7) can obtain:
Figure GDA0003213465410000081
solving equation (9) to obtain:
Figure GDA0003213465410000082
in the formula
Figure GDA0003213465410000083
In order to be a propagation constant,
Figure GDA0003213465410000084
characteristic impedance or wave impedance.
As shown in fig. 4, the position of the traction substation is taken as a coordinate 0 point, the coordinate of the injection point excited by the backflow current is L, and the current magnitude is I0For the rail return point (x ═ 0), Z02Equivalent impedance corresponding to infinite distribution parameter, so Z02And Zc. The following equation sets:
Figure GDA0003213465410000085
for the current injection point (x ═ L), Z12Equivalent impedance corresponding to infinite distribution parameter, so Z12And Zc. According to fig. 4, the following system of equations:
Figure GDA0003213465410000086
according to the above boundary conditions:
Figure GDA0003213465410000091
Figure GDA0003213465410000092
substituting formula (13) and formula (14) into formula (10) to obtain:
Figure GDA0003213465410000093
Figure GDA0003213465410000094
example (b):
the original parameters of the single-wire traction network with the return current direct power supply mode are as follows: the model of the contact line JW is CTS-150, the direct current resistance is 0.15967 omega/km, the calculation radius is 0.72cm, and the horizontal and vertical coordinates are 0cm and 645cm respectively; the model of the carrier cable CW is JTMH-120, the direct current resistance is 0.242 omega/km, the calculation radius is 0.7cm, and the horizontal and vertical coordinates are 0cm and 785cm respectively; the type of the steel rail is 60kg, the direct current resistance is 0.135 omega/km, the calculation radius is 1.279cm, the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the steel rail R1 are-71.75 cm and 0cm respectively, and the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the steel rail R2 are 71.75cm and 0cm respectively; the model of the return wire NW is LBGLJ-185/25, the direct current resistance is 0.1453 omega/km, the calculation radius is 0.945cm, and the horizontal coordinate and the vertical coordinate are 340cm and 780cm respectively; the model of the through ground wire EW is DH-70, the direct current resistance is 0.312 omega/km, the calculation radius is 0.437cm, and the horizontal coordinate and the vertical coordinate are 400cm and-246 cm respectively.
Let R1 be R in radius0CW and R1 with a distance d1The distance between JW and R1 is d2Distance between NW and R1 is d3The distance between EW and R1 is d4The mutual inductance M between JW, CW, NW, EW and rail R1-earth loop10、M20、M30、M40Are represented by the formulae (17) to (20).
Figure GDA0003213465410000101
Figure GDA0003213465410000102
Figure GDA0003213465410000103
Figure GDA0003213465410000104
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure GDA0003213465410000105
Dgfor equivalent ground return depth, ρ is the ground soil resistivity, and f is the frequency.
Suppose the distance between two parallel steel rails R1 and R2 is d0The mutual inductance M between the rail R2-ground loop and the rail R1-ground loop under studyg2As shown in equation (21).
Figure GDA0003213465410000106
Suppose that CW and R1, CW and R2, CW and NW, CW and EW, CW and E, EW and R1, EW and R2, EW and NW, EW and EW, EW and E constitute loops 1 to 10, respectively. Capacitive coupling coefficient c between loop 1-loop 10 and rail-ground loop10、c20、 c30、c40、c50、c60、c70、c80、c90、c100The calculation formulas are shown in formulas (22) to (31).
Figure GDA0003213465410000107
Figure GDA0003213465410000108
Figure GDA0003213465410000109
Figure GDA0003213465410000111
Figure GDA0003213465410000112
Figure GDA0003213465410000113
Figure GDA0003213465410000114
Figure GDA0003213465410000115
Figure GDA0003213465410000116
Figure GDA0003213465410000117
Based on the original parameters of the single-wire traction network with the reflux direct power supply mode, the current distribution coefficient k of CW, JW, NW and EW is obtained by calculation1、k2、k3、k40.5235, 0.4765, 0.2976, 0.1077, respectively. Meanwhile, the original parameters are substituted into the formula (17) and the formula (31) according to Mg1＝-M10k1-M20k2+M30k3+M40k4And c0＝c10+c20+c30+c40+c50+c60+c70+c80Calculating to obtain Mg1、Mg2And c0. Considering the rails in a clean ballast bed (with rail leakage conductance of 1 Ω/km), assume the excitation current I injected into rail R10At 250A, the parameters are substituted into the formula (15) and the formula (16) to obtain the waveforms of the rail potential and the rail current which are respectively shown in the attached figures 5 and 6, and the results are both in accordance with the actual situation in distribution and amplitude.

Claims (2)

1. A method for calculating the potential and current of a steel rail by considering the exciting response of an interference incident field of inductive coupling and capacitive coupling is characterized by comprising the following steps of: determining the excitation response of a return current which is mainly injected or flowed from a traction power supply system and the interference incident field which is generated in a rail-earth loop by other conductor currents except the rail and the earth; considering interference incident field excitation response formed by other traction network wires and other steel rail-ground loops except the researched steel rail and the ground through inductive coupling and interference incident field excitation response formed by other traction network wires and other steel rail-ground loops except the researched steel rail-ground loop through capacitive coupling in combination with the current distribution coefficient of each wire of the traction power supply system; and obtaining a calculation formula of the steel rail potential and the steel rail current which are used for calculating the reflux current injected or flowed out by the traction power supply system and the interference incident field excitation response of the traction network conductor by writing differential equations of the steel rail potential and the steel rail current in a row, and further obtaining accurate steel rail potential and steel rail current distribution according to boundary conditions.
2. The method of claim 1 for calculating a rail potential and rail current that accounts for interfering incident field excitation responses to inductive and capacitive coupling, comprising the steps of:
firstly, constructing a distribution parameter equivalent model of a steel rail-ground loop, analyzing excitation source response generated by steel rail reflux current and earth reflux current in the steel rail-ground loop, writing magnetic fluxes generated by two refluxes in the steel rail-ground loop in a row mode, and further only considering differential equations of steel rail potential and steel rail current of the response of the reflux current injection or outflow steel rail-ground loop excitation source according to the series writing of the steel rail reflux current, the earth reflux current and the injected steel rail current;
secondly, considering inductive coupling generated by currents of other traction network conductors except the researched steel rail and the ground and currents of other steel rail-ground loop on the researched steel rail-ground loop, combining current distribution coefficients of other traction network conductors except the steel rail and the ground, and writing differential equations of steel rail potential and steel rail current under the excitation response of interference incident fields generated by the inductive coupling on the steel rail-ground loop in series on the basis of the step I;
considering the capacitive coupling of the current of each loop of other traction nets outside the researched steel rail-ground loop on the researched steel rail-ground loop, combining the current distribution coefficients of each conductor of the traction nets, writing a differential equation of the steel rail potential and the steel rail current under the excitation response of an interference incident field generated by the capacitive coupling on the steel rail-ground loop on the basis of the step II, and obtaining a corresponding calculation formula of the steel rail potential and the steel rail current by solving;
fourthly, writing boundary conditions, solving unknown coefficients of the calculation formula of the rail potential and the rail current, and obtaining distribution results of the rail potential and the rail current.
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