CN107796716B - Impact test device - Google Patents
Impact test device Download PDFInfo
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- CN107796716B CN107796716B CN201711218358.1A CN201711218358A CN107796716B CN 107796716 B CN107796716 B CN 107796716B CN 201711218358 A CN201711218358 A CN 201711218358A CN 107796716 B CN107796716 B CN 107796716B
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- 238000009863 impact test Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008707 rearrangement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/30—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight
- G01N3/303—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight generated only by free-falling weight
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0032—Generation of the force using mechanical means
- G01N2203/0039—Hammer or pendulum
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an impact test device, and relates to the technical field of impact tests. Comprising the following steps: a housing box; the bracket is arranged at the bottom of the accommodating box and used for supporting the to-be-tested piece; the rack is vertically fixed above the accommodating box; the release assembly is arranged on the frame and used for fixing and releasing the impact block, and the impact block can hit the test piece when falling down; the baffle plate assembly is arranged in the accommodating box and comprises two groups of movable plates which can be rotated to be closed so as to prevent the rebound impact blocks from hitting the test piece again. The invention solves the problem of secondary impact of impact test, has accurate drop point, accurate test effect and high test efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of impact tests, in particular to an impact test device.
Background
Impact test equipment can be divided into pendulum type impact test equipment and drop type impact test equipment, and can be divided into manual impact test equipment, semi-automatic impact test equipment and full-automatic impact test equipment according to the degree of automation. The drop hammer impact tester is a test device, and the working principle is that a drop hammer impacts a sample at a certain speed, so that gravitational potential energy of the drop hammer is converted into kinetic energy when released, and the material property is evaluated according to the damage condition of the sample. The weight of the drop hammer, the drop height, the material of the sample and other factors determine different collision results, but repeated impact is possibly caused by rebound after the drop hammer impacts the sample, so that the evaluation and statistics results of the impact effect of the sample are greatly influenced.
Products such as plastics, ceramics, acrylic, glass, lenses, hardware and the like all need to be subjected to impact strength tests. The general testing machine is of a pipeline structure, and the falling point of the steel ball is unstable due to the clearance and friction between the pipeline and the steel ball. In addition, after falling, the rebound steel ball needs to be manually and rapidly grasped so as to prevent secondary hit, so that certain danger exists, manual adjustment is needed, the efficiency is low, and the experimental result is inaccurate.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides the impact test device which solves the problem of secondary impact of the impact test, has accurate drop point, accurate test effect and high test efficiency.
The invention provides an impact test device, which comprises:
a housing box;
the bracket is arranged at the bottom of the accommodating box and used for supporting the to-be-tested piece;
the rack is vertically fixed above the accommodating box;
the release assembly is arranged on the frame and used for fixing and releasing the impact block, and the impact block can hit the test piece when falling down;
the baffle plate assembly is arranged in the accommodating box and comprises two groups of movable plates which can be rotated to be closed so as to prevent the rebound impact blocks from hitting the test piece again.
As a preferred scheme of the impact test device, the baffle plate assembly consists of two groups of movable plates and a top plate cylinder, one ends of the two groups of movable plates are respectively hinged on two opposite side walls of the accommodating box, the movable plates are arranged at an included angle with the horizontal direction, the top plate cylinder is fixed at the bottom of the accommodating box, the extending end of the top plate cylinder is connected with the movable plates, a gap is arranged between lower end surfaces of the two movable plates before the top plate cylinder extends, the width of the gap is larger than the diameter of the impact block, and the movable plates are jacked up to swing along the hinged position after the top plate cylinder extends so as to enable the two movable plates to be closed into a V shape.
As a preferable scheme of the impact test device, the impact test device further comprises a vertical positioning assembly, wherein the vertical positioning assembly is arranged on the frame and is used for adjusting the height of the release assembly.
As a preferable scheme of the impact test device, the vertical positioning assembly comprises a driving motor, a ball screw, a mounting block and a ball nut, wherein the ball screw is fixed with the frame along the vertical direction through the mounting block, the top of the ball screw in the vertical direction is connected with the driving motor, and the ball screw is arranged in the ball nut in a penetrating way.
As a preferable scheme of the impact test device, the impact test device further comprises a fixing frame, one end of the fixing frame is fixed on the ball nut, and the release assembly is fixed at the other end of the fixing frame.
As a preferable scheme of the impact test device, the impact test device further comprises an impact block clamp, wherein the impact block clamp is fixed on the fixing frame along the vertical direction and is used for accommodating a plurality of impact blocks.
As a preferable scheme of the impact test device, the release assembly comprises a driving cylinder and an electromagnet, wherein the driving cylinder is arranged in the fixing frame, the extending end of the driving cylinder can push an impact block in the impact block clamp to the lower part of the electromagnet, and the electromagnet is of an annular structure.
As a preferable scheme of the impact test device, an adjusting component is further arranged on the electromagnet, the adjusting component comprises a gyroscope and an infrared emitter, the gyroscope is fixed above the electromagnet, the infrared emitter is fixed at the lower end of the gyroscope, and the gyroscope adjusts the position of the infrared emitter.
As a preferable scheme of the impact test device, the bottom end of the accommodating box is also provided with a drawer for accommodating fragments of the to-be-tested piece.
As a preferable scheme of the impact test device, the bottom end of the accommodating box is also provided with a sensor, and the sensor controls the action of the baffle plate assembly.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) According to the impact test device provided by the invention, the impact block is released by arranging the release assembly, the baffle assembly blocks the rebound impact block from hitting the test piece again, the problem of secondary impact of an impact test is solved, the drop point is accurate, the test effect is accurate, and the test efficiency is high.
(2) According to the impact test device provided by the invention, by arranging the adjusting component, whether the whole test device is placed on a horizontal plane or not is ensured, and accurate impact of the impact block on the test piece can be realized through accurate positioning of the test piece.
(3) According to the impact test device provided by the invention, the drawer at the bottom end of the accommodating box is arranged, so that the drawer can contain fragments of test pieces, and the operability of the test device is improved.
(4) According to the impact test device provided by the invention, the sensor is arranged to control the action sequence of the whole device, so that the automation degree of the system is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an impact test apparatus provided by the present invention.
In the figure:
1. a housing box; 11. a drawer; 12. an impact block discharge hole;
2. a bracket;
3. a frame;
4. a release assembly; 41. a drive cylinder; 42. an electromagnet;
5. a baffle assembly; 51. a movable plate; 52. a top plate cylinder;
6. a positioning assembly; 61. a driving motor; 62. a ball screw; 63. a mounting block; 64. a ball nut;
7. a fixing frame;
8. an impact block clip;
9. an adjustment assembly; 91. a gyroscope; 92. an infrared emitter;
10. a sensor.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting thereof. It should be further noted that, for convenience of description, only some, but not all of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings.
The schematic diagram of the impact test device provided by the invention is shown in fig. 1, and mainly comprises a containing box 1, a bracket 2, a rack 3, a release assembly 4, a baffle assembly 5, a positioning assembly 6, a fixing frame 7, an impact block clamp 8, an adjusting assembly 9 and a sensor 10. Wherein the test piece is usually a plate, and the material can be plastic, ceramic, acrylic, glass, a lens and the like, and the bracket 2 is arranged at the bottom of the accommodating box 1 and is used for supporting the test piece; the release assembly 4 is used to secure and release an impact block, typically a ball or hammer block of metal, which can hit the test piece when dropped.
The accommodating box 1 is a box body structure, serves as a stand of the whole test device, and accommodates part of the structure of the test device. The bottom end of the accommodating box 1 is also provided with a drawer 11, and after the test piece on the support 2 is broken, the test piece falls into the drawer 11, so that the operability of the test device is improved.
A baffle assembly 5 is provided in the receiving box 1 for blocking the rebound impact block from hitting the test piece again. The baffle assembly 5 is composed of two groups of movable plates 51 and a top plate cylinder 52, one ends of the two groups of movable plates 51 are respectively hinged to two opposite side walls of the accommodating box 1, the movable plates 51 are arranged at an included angle with the horizontal direction, and the connection mode between the movable plates 51 and the two opposite side walls of the accommodating box 1 is not limited as long as rotatable connection can be realized. A top plate cylinder 52 is fixed to the bottom of the housing box 1 upward in the vertical direction, and the top plate cylinder 52 is used to jack up the movable plate 51 to swing along the hinge position. The action of the shutter assembly 5 is controlled by a sensor 10 provided at the bottom end of the housing box 1, the sensor 10 being used to detect the impact of the impact block and to control the action of the shutter assembly 5. By arranging the sensor 10, the action sequence of the whole device is controlled, and the degree of automation of the system is improved. The extending end of the top plate air cylinder 52 is connected with the movable plates 51, the top plate air cylinder 52 is retracted, a gap is formed between the lower end surfaces of the two movable plates 51, and the width of the gap is larger than the diameter of the impact block, namely, the impact block cannot collide with the movable plates 51 in the falling process; the top plate cylinder 52 stretches out, and the jack-up fly leaf 51 swings along the articulated position, makes two fly leaves 51 closed into the V-arrangement, namely after the impact piece kick-backs, fly leaf 51 is closed, can catch the impact piece, prevents the emergence of secondary kick-backs. Meanwhile, an impact block discharging hole 12 is also arranged at the bottom of the two V-shaped movable plates 51 near the side wall of the accommodating box 1, and the impact block can be discharged from the impact block discharging hole 12. Preferably, the V-shape with which the two movable plates 51 are in contact after being closed is inclined to one side of the impact block discharge hole 12 so that the impact block can be automatically rolled out from the impact block discharge hole 12.
On one side of the accommodating box 1, a frame 3 is vertically fixed, and a vertical positioning component 6 is arranged on the frame 3. The vertical positioning assembly 6 includes a drive motor 61, a ball screw 62, a mounting block 63, and a ball nut 64. The ball screw 62 is fixed with the frame 3 along the vertical direction through a mounting block 63, the top of the ball screw 62 in the vertical direction is connected with a driving motor 61, and the ball screw 62 is arranged in a ball nut 64 in a penetrating way. The driving motor 61 drives the ball screw 62 to rotate, and then drives the ball nut 64 to move along the ball screw 62.
The fixing frame 7 has a frame structure, one end of which is vertically fixed on the ball nut 64, and the release assembly 4 is vertically fixed on the other end of the fixing frame 7. Therefore, the vertical positioning component 6 can adjust the position of the release component 4 along the vertical direction through the fixing frame 7, and then according to the test requirement, the height of the impact block and the test piece along the vertical direction is adjusted.
The impact block clamp 8 is fixed on one side of the fixing frame 7, which is close to the vertical positioning assembly 6, along the vertical direction, and the impact block clamp 8 is of a frame type or cylinder type structure and can accommodate a plurality of impact blocks.
The release assembly 4 is used to secure and release the impact block and includes a drive cylinder 41 and an electromagnet 42. The drive cylinder 41 is disposed within the mount 7. The extending end of the driving cylinder 41 pushes the impact block in the impact block clamp 8 to the lower part of the electromagnet, the electromagnet 42 is electrified to absorb the impact block at the moment, the electromagnet 42 is deenergized to release the impact block absorbed below the electromagnet 42, and the impact block can hit the test piece when falling. The arrangement ensures that the impact block has no initial velocity in the horizontal direction before falling, and improves the accuracy of equipment measurement.
The electromagnet 42 is further provided with an adjusting assembly 9, and the adjusting assembly 9 comprises a gyroscope 91 and an infrared emitter 92. The gyroscope 91 is fixed above the electromagnet 42, an infrared emitter 92 is fixed at the lower end of the gyroscope 91, the gyroscope 91 adjusts the position of the infrared emitter 92, and the infrared emitter 92 emits infrared rays for positioning the test piece. Because the electromagnet 42 is of an annular structure, and the fixing frame 7 is of a frame structure, infrared rays emitted by the infrared emitter 92 can pass through the electromagnet 42 and the fixing frame 7 and irradiate the test piece, and the position of the test piece on the support 2 is adjusted according to the position of the infrared rays, so that the impact piece can accurately impact a certain appointed position of the test piece during a test. The gyroscope 91 ensures that the infrared emitter 92 can emit infrared rays along the vertical direction no matter whether the whole test device is placed on a horizontal plane or not, and further accurately positions the test piece, so that the impact block can accurately impact the test piece.
The test device provided by the invention is adopted to test a plate, and the test process comprises the following steps:
preparation stage
According to the test requirements, the vertical positioning assembly 6 is adjusted, and the position of the release assembly 4 in the vertical direction is further adjusted, and a plurality of impact blocks are placed in the impact block clips 8.
The top plate cylinder 52 is in a retracted state, and a gap is provided between the two movable plates 51 to place the test piece on the bracket 2 at the bottom of the housing box 1. The gyroscope 91 adjusts the position of the infrared emitter 92, so that the infrared emitter 92 always keeps in the vertical direction, the infrared emitter 92 emits infrared rays, the infrared rays can irradiate the test piece below, and the position of the test piece on the support 2 is adjusted according to the position of the infrared rays.
(II) test stage
The extending end of the driving cylinder 41 pushes the impact block in the impact block clamp 8 to the lower part of the electromagnet, the electromagnet 42 is electrified to absorb the impact block at the moment, and the electromagnet 42 is de-electrified to release the impact block absorbed below the electromagnet 42. When the impact block is released, the above process is repeated, and the electromagnet 42 is always kept to attract one impact block to be released.
The impact block falls down to hit the test piece, so that impact is caused on the surface of the test piece. At this time, the sensor 10 detects the frequency of the sound emitted from the impact, and determines the form of the test piece based on the frequency of the sound.
1) When the tested piece is completely broken under the action of one impact test, the test is completed, and the broken test piece falls into the drawer 11 from the bracket 2.
2) When the tested piece is not broken under the action of the first impact test, the impact block is required to generate a rebound action, at this time, the sensor 10 detects the signal and then sends a signal to the baffle plate assembly 5, the top plate cylinder 52 immediately acts to close the two movable plates 51 into a V shape, the impact block is received, the occurrence of secondary rebound is prevented, the impact block is discharged from the impact block discharge hole 12, and the first test process is completed.
Repeating the impact test process for a plurality of times until the test piece is broken or the test requirement state is reached, and completing the test.
(III) ending stage
The drawer 11 is withdrawn from the bottom of the containing box 1 and the scraps are dumped.
All the components are respectively retracted, and the whole test is ended.
The action sequence of the whole device is automatically controlled, so that the problems of manual adjustment, low efficiency, inaccurate test results and the like in the prior art are solved, the automation degree of the system is high, the test efficiency is high, the structure is compact, and the test data are accurate.
Note that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principle applied. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, while the invention has been described in connection with the above embodiments, the invention is not limited to the embodiments, but may be embodied in many other equivalent forms without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention, which is set forth in the following claims.
Claims (2)
1. An impact test device, comprising:
a housing box (1);
the bracket (2) is arranged at the bottom of the accommodating box (1) and is used for supporting a to-be-tested piece;
the rack (3) is vertically fixed above the accommodating box (1);
the release assembly (4) is arranged on the frame (3) and used for fixing and releasing the impact block, and the impact block can hit the test piece when falling down;
the baffle plate assembly (5) is arranged in the accommodating box (1) and comprises two groups of movable plates (51) which can be rotated to be closed to prevent the rebound impact block from hitting the test piece again;
the baffle assembly (5) consists of two groups of movable plates (51) and a top plate air cylinder (52), one ends of the two groups of movable plates (51) are respectively hinged to two opposite side walls of the accommodating box (1), the movable plates (51) are arranged at an included angle with the horizontal direction, the top plate air cylinder (52) is fixed at the bottom of the accommodating box (1), the extending end of the top plate air cylinder (52) is connected with the movable plates (51), a gap is reserved between the lower end surfaces of the two movable plates (51) before the top plate air cylinder (52) extends, the width of the gap is larger than the diameter of the impact block, and the top plate air cylinder (52) is lifted up after extending to swing along the hinged position, so that the two movable plates (51) are closed into a V shape;
the impact test device further comprises a vertical positioning assembly (6), wherein the vertical positioning assembly (6) is arranged on the frame (3), and the vertical positioning assembly (6) is used for adjusting the height of the release assembly (4);
the vertical positioning assembly (6) comprises a driving motor (61), a ball screw (62), a mounting block (63) and a ball nut (64), wherein the ball screw (62) is fixed with the frame (3) along the vertical direction through the mounting block (63), the driving motor (61) is connected to the top of the ball screw (62) in the vertical direction, and the ball screw (62) is arranged in the ball nut (64) in a penetrating manner;
the impact test device further comprises a fixing frame (7), one end of the fixing frame (7) is fixed on the ball nut (64), and the release assembly (4) is fixed at the other end of the fixing frame (7);
the impact test device further comprises an impact block clamp (8), wherein the impact block clamp (8) is fixed on the fixing frame (7) along the vertical direction, and the impact block clamp (8) is used for accommodating a plurality of impact blocks;
the impact test device is characterized in that the release assembly (4) comprises a driving cylinder (41) and an electromagnet (42), the driving cylinder (41) is arranged in the fixing frame (7), the extending end of the driving cylinder (41) can push an impact block in the impact block clamp (8) to the lower part of the electromagnet (42), and the electromagnet (42) is of an annular structure;
the impact test device is characterized in that an adjusting component (9) is further arranged on the electromagnet (42), the adjusting component (9) comprises a gyroscope (91) and an infrared emitter (92), the gyroscope (91) is fixed above the electromagnet (42), the infrared emitter (92) is fixed at the lower end of the gyroscope (91), and the gyroscope (91) adjusts the position of the infrared emitter (92);
the bottom end of the accommodating box (1) is also provided with a sensor (10), and the sensor (10) controls the action of the baffle assembly (5);
when the impact block hits the test piece, the sensor (10) detects the frequency of the sound emitted by the impact and judges the shape of the test piece according to the frequency of the sound.
2. Impact test device according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom end of the housing box (1) is further provided with a drawer (11) for containing chips of the pieces to be tested.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711218358.1A CN107796716B (en) | 2017-11-28 | 2017-11-28 | Impact test device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711218358.1A CN107796716B (en) | 2017-11-28 | 2017-11-28 | Impact test device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN107796716A CN107796716A (en) | 2018-03-13 |
| CN107796716B true CN107796716B (en) | 2024-02-13 |
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| CN201711218358.1A Active CN107796716B (en) | 2017-11-28 | 2017-11-28 | Impact test device |
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| CN115144254B (en) * | 2022-07-05 | 2024-08-09 | 安徽省路桥试验检测有限公司 | Automatic anti-dazzle board shock resistance testing machine for preventing secondary collision |
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| CN107796716A (en) | 2018-03-13 |
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