CN107796510A - A kind of the Accelerating Traveling of Automobiles pass-by noise measuring method - Google Patents
A kind of the Accelerating Traveling of Automobiles pass-by noise measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107796510A CN107796510A CN201710868046.9A CN201710868046A CN107796510A CN 107796510 A CN107796510 A CN 107796510A CN 201710868046 A CN201710868046 A CN 201710868046A CN 107796510 A CN107796510 A CN 107796510A
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- microphone
- high frequency
- sound source
- pure tone
- speed
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H17/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, not provided for in the preceding groups
Abstract
The invention belongs to automobile noise field of measuring technique,More particularly to a kind of the Accelerating Traveling of Automobiles pass-by noise measuring method,By the high frequency pure tone sound source installation of known fixed frequency in the car,The sound source is used to launch high frequency pure tone voice signal,Record the distance between high frequency pure tone sound source and vehicle reference point simultaneously,7.5m measurement points specified in the ××s of GB1495-20 be distance PP' lines central spot 7.5m places horizontal line multiple microphones are set,The horizontal range between each microphone and inlet wire is recorded simultaneously,The time-domain signal that microphone will collect high frequency pure tone sound source and send,Pass through time frequency analysis,The spectral change of high frequency pure tone sound source can be calculated,Tested vehicle is calculated passes through speed information during each microphone further according to the doppler shift effect formula of rewriting,Measuring method is simple,Synchronizing information is stable,The characteristics of equipment cost is low.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to automobile noise field of measuring technique, and in particular to a kind of the Accelerating Traveling of Automobiles pass-by noise measurement side
Method.
Background technology
As the Accelerating Traveling of Automobiles pass-by noise limit value is increasingly strict, the measurement of pass-by noise, control technology turn into current
The Scientific And Technical brainstorm project of automobile production enterprise.Consulting on by noise new legislation ×× (etc. of GB1495-20
It is same as EU criteria ECE R51.3) in, maximum difference is car when requirement tested vehicle reference point crosses PP' lines with current standard
Speed is in the range of 50 ± 1km/h, while power, the gear to automobile are required than measurement side in existing standard (GB/T 1495-2002)
Method it is complicated, it is necessary to by by noise and speed, the multiple synchro measure of rotating speed, judge just to can determine that the operating mode by noise.Do not borrow
In the case of helping other speeds and terrestrial information synchronizer, only with driver or the subjective judgement of testing crew, it is difficult to control
Speed when tested vehicle acceleration crosses PP' lines with vehicle reference point meets test requirements document.In addition, in noise emitted by accelerating motor vehicles
Control process in, utilize TPA (Transfer path analysis) method to carry out the contribution amount analysis of noise source, it is also desirable to it is determined that accelerating logical
The position of noise maximum moment vehicle is crossed, the transmission function of ability accurate measurement now, completes contribution amount analysis.
Existing main flow commercialization measuring apparatus (B＆K, LMS) is tested the speed by GPS, wireless laser signal and radio microphone
Carry out the information such as synchronous ground and car speed and position, it is necessary to more complete equipments complete the Accelerating Traveling of Automobiles pass-by noise measure and
TPA contribution amounts are analyzed, and the problem of installation is complicated, equipment cost is high, harsh to measuring environment requirement be present.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome above mentioned problem, the invention provides a kind of the Accelerating Traveling of Automobiles pass-by noise measuring method, this method
It is the measuring method based on moving acoustic sources Doppler effect, has simple measuring method, synchronizing information stabilization, equipment cost low
Feature.
The present invention is using the speed rotary speed information between following technical scheme synchronization ground and automobile：
The method in the 3.9th clause in GB 1495-20 ××s, it is true according to test vehicle engine mounting positions
Determine vehicle reference point, by the high frequency pure tone sound source installation of known fixed frequency in the car, the sound source is used to launch high frequency pure tone sound
Sound signal, while the distance between high frequency pure tone sound source and vehicle reference point are recorded, may determine that vehicle during follow-up calculate
Position；7.5m measurement points specified in the ××s of GB 1495-20 be distance PP' lines central spot 7.5m places
Horizontal line sets multiple microphones, is separated by 0.5m-1.5m distances between each microphone, so sets after can ensureing vehicle inlet wire
Give it the gun has a wider scope by the spot speed at these microphone moment, at the same record each microphone and inlet wire it
Between horizontal range；Trial test was carried out before on-test, during ensureing that vehicle gives it the gun, when by microphone section,
Speed can reach 50km/h；After on-test, time-domain signal that microphone will collect high frequency pure tone sound source and send passes through time-frequency
Analysis, can be calculated the spectral change of high frequency pure tone sound source, according to doppler shift effect, tested vehicle be calculated and passes through
Speed information during each microphone, speed information and time-domain signal outside car are synchronized, engine speed and terrestrial information
Synchronization can also be realized by synchronous acquisition speed and rotating speed, be specifically calculated in accordance with the following methods：
The Doppler effect formulas of sound wave is：
In formula：f0It is wave source frequency：It is the frequency that high frequency pure tone sound source sends voice signal in the present invention；F is microphone
The frequency received；U is spread speed of the ripple in medium, is spread speed of the sound wave in air dielectric in the present invention；
v1、v2The respectively speed of running velocity and microphone；If wave source and microphone are close to v1Front symbol is ﹣, v2
Front symbol is ﹢, if opposite away from if；α, β are respectively v1、v2Direction vector and microphone to wave source line angle.Wherein
The present invention relates to the experiment of the Accelerating Traveling of Automobiles pass-by noise in microphone be static, therefore speed v2For 0m/s, from car
The speed v of inlet wire to the car close to during microphone1It is negative when remote just that front symbol, which is,.
Above-mentioned formula (1) is rewritten as by the present invention：
v1(t) cos α (t)=(1 ± f0/f(t))c (2)
Wherein, t is the time, v1(t) it is the automobile's instant velocity of t, α (t) is t direction of vehicle movement and high frequency pure tone
Sound source is the high frequency pure tone sound-source signal that t microphone receives to the angle between microphone line, f (t), and c is sound wave
Spread speed in air dielectric, high frequency pure tone sound source symbol close to during receiver are that just, on the contrary is negative；t0For high frequency
Pure tone sound source is at the time of inlet wire；High frequency pure tone sound source is in inlet wire moment t0Speed is v1(t0), then the angle α changed over time
(t) it is：
Formula (3), which is brought into formula (2), can obtain the speed v of t1(t)：
Moment t vehicle location can be further obtained to rate integrating
The synchronization of speed and reception signal can be achieved using any two microphone by formula (4) again for the above method, but
It is to need by test of many times, speed is 50km/h when manually adjusting inlet wire speed to ensure that vehicle reference point passes through PP' lines, because
This is in order to improve test efficiency, in 7.5m measurement points specified in the ××s of GB 1495-20 i.e. in distance PP' line central spots
7.5m places horizontal line on the multiple microphones of arrangement separated by a distance, it is ensured that enter linear velocity in wider scope
It is interior, i.e., when vehicle reference point is by these microphones, speed covering 50km/h, by interpolation method, ensure once to test
Complete to accelerate by noise testing and accelerate to determine by the vehicle location at noise maximum moment.
Described inlet wire is：It is AA' during forward direction experiment, is BB' during counter-test.
Respective output volume is high more than 10dB when described high frequency pure tone sound source accelerates to pass through noise testing than automobile.The present invention's
Beneficial effect：
Measurement process of the present invention is simple, and experiment arrangement is easy, by arranging that multiple microphones can ensure in each experiment
When vehicle reference point is by some microphone position, speed just in 50 ± 1km/h of standard requirement, is adopted by the microphone
The time-domain information of collection, which calculates, passes through noise figure, and the time-consuming short success rate of experiment is high.The frequency for the high frequency pure tone sound source used in experiment
(4~10kHz) can arbitrarily be selected to avoid the major frequency components of vehicle own radiation noise, do not influence to pass through noise testing
Result.Respective output volume is high more than 10dB when high frequency pure tone sound source accelerates to pass through noise testing than automobile, Doppler's frequency now
It is obvious to move effect, synchronizing information is stable between automobile and ground, and synchronous ground is with after information of vehicles, can targetedly carry out vapour
Car is by Noise measarement and optimization, to meet to require by noise new legislation；Testing equipment used in the present invention removes high frequency pure tone
It is conventional automobile noise tester equipment, compared with main flow commercialization test system, complete equipment cost is low outside sound source.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is flow chart of the present invention, and unit is rice (m) in figure.
Fig. 2 is the instrumentation plan of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is Doppler effect aggregate value method of weighting point-score schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is Doppler effect computational methods schematic diagram of the present invention.
Wherein：1 high frequency pure tone sound source；2 microphones；3 pass through noise fest place；AA' inlet wires；BB' inlet wires；PP' is GB
Line specified in 1495-20 ××s.
Specific embodiment
As shown in drawings, a kind of the Accelerating Traveling of Automobiles pass-by noise measuring method：
The method in the 3.9th clause in GB 1495-20 ××s, it is true according to test vehicle engine mounting positions
Determine vehicle reference point, frequency 6kHz high frequency pure tone sound source 1 is arranged in vehicle, for launching high frequency pure tone voice signal,
Record the distance between high frequency pure tone sound source 1 and vehicle reference point；It is in 7.5m measurement points specified in the ××s of GB1495-20
Distance PP' lines central spot 7.5m places horizontal line on be often separated by 1m one microphone 2 of location arrangements, arrange nine altogether
Individual microphone 2, so setting can ensure after vehicle inlet wire by speed during these microphones 2 in relative broad range, record
Horizontal range between each microphone 2 and inlet wire AA'；Trial test was carried out before on-test, ensures vehicle in the process of giving it the gun
In, when by microphone section, speed can reach 50km/h；After on-test, microphone 2 will collect high frequency pure tone sound source
1 time-domain signal sent, by time frequency analysis, the spectral change of high frequency pure tone sound source can be calculated, according to Doppler frequency shift
Effect, tested vehicle is calculated by speed information during each microphone 2, time-domain signal outside speed information and car is carried out
Synchronous, engine speed is synchronous with the information on ground can also to be realized by synchronous acquisition speed and rotating speed, specifically according to
Following methods are calculated：
The Doppler effect formulas of sound wave is：
In formula：f0It is wave source frequency：It is the frequency that high frequency pure tone sound source 1 sends voice signal in the present invention；F is microphone
2 frequencies received；U is spread speed of the ripple in medium, is spread speed of the sound wave in air dielectric in the present invention；
v1、v2The respectively speed of running velocity and microphone 2；If wave source and microphone 2 are close to v1Front symbol is ﹣,
v2Front symbol is ﹢, if opposite away from if；α, β are respectively v1、v2Direction vector and microphone 2 arrive the angle of wave source line.
Wherein the present invention relates to the experiment of the Accelerating Traveling of Automobiles pass-by noise in microphone be static, therefore speed v2For 0m/s,
From vehicle inlet wire to the speed v close to car during microphone 21It is negative when remote just that front symbol, which is,.
It is by above-mentioned formula (1) is rewritable in the present invention：
v1(t) cos α (t)=(1 ± f0/f(t))c (7)
Wherein, t is the time, v1(t) it is the automobile's instant velocity of t, α (t) is t direction of vehicle movement and high frequency pure tone
The angle that sound source 1 is arrived between the line of microphone 2, f (t) are the signal of high frequency pure tone sound source 1 that t microphone 2 receives, and c is
Spread speed of the sound wave in air dielectric, the symbol close to during microphone 2 of high frequency pure tone sound source 1 are that just, on the contrary is negative；t0
It is high frequency pure tone sound source 1 at the time of inlet wire AA'；High frequency pure tone sound source 1 is in inlet wire AA' moment t0Speed is v1(t0), then at any time
Between the angle α (t) that changes be：
Formula (3), which is brought into formula (2), can obtain the speed v of t1(t)：
Moment t vehicle location can be further obtained to rate integrating
The synchronization of speed and reception signal can be achieved using any two microphone 2 by formula (4) again for the above method, but
It is to need by test of many times, speed is 50km/h when manually adjusting inlet wire speed to ensure that vehicle reference point passes through PP' lines, because
This is in order to improve test efficiency, in 7.5m measurement points specified in the ××s of GB 1495-20 i.e. in distance PP' line central spots
7.5m places horizontal line on be often separated by 1m distances and arrange multiple microphones, it is ensured that enter linear velocity in wider scope
Interior, when vehicle reference point is by these microphones, speed just in 50km/h, by interpolation method, ensures once to test
Complete to accelerate by noise testing and accelerate to determine by the vehicle location at noise maximum moment.
Described inlet wire is AA' when being positive experiment, is BB' during counter-test.
Respective output volume is high more than 10dB when described high frequency pure tone sound source 1 accelerates to pass through noise testing than automobile.
Reachable ± the 0.79km/h of measurement result precision, meet to want by noise new standard tachometric survey precision ± 1km/h
Ask.
It is of the invention that the Doppler effect of moving acoustic sources is utilized unlike moving acoustic sources Doppler effect from common eliminating
Sound source velocity measurement is carried out, the survey of sound source translational speed is carried out using the Doppler effect of known amplitude and the moving acoustic sources of frequency
Amount method, enter with above-mentioned technological approaches the acceleration of driving outer automobile by the method for noise testing, determine noise maximum moment car
Position is used for TPA models and carries out the method for Noise measarement and the method for synchronizing information between automobile and ground in the present invention
Protection domain within.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of the Accelerating Traveling of Automobiles pass-by noise measuring method, the side in the 3.9th clause in GB 1495-20 ××s
Method, vehicle reference point is determined according to test vehicle engine mounting positions, the high frequency pure tone sound source of known fixed frequency is installed
In the car, the sound source is used to launch high frequency pure tone voice signal, while records between high frequency pure tone sound source and vehicle reference point
Distance, may determine that vehicle position during follow-up calculate；It is in 7.5m measurement points specified in the ××s of GB 1495-20
Distance PP' lines central spot 7.5m places horizontal line multiple microphones are set, while record each microphone and inlet wire it
Between horizontal range；Trial test was carried out before on-test, during ensureing that vehicle gives it the gun, when by microphone section,
Speed can reach 50km/h；After on-test, time-domain signal that microphone will collect high frequency pure tone sound source and send passes through time-frequency
Analysis, can be calculated the spectral change of high frequency pure tone sound source, according to doppler shift effect, tested vehicle be calculated and passes through
Speed information during each microphone, speed information and time-domain signal outside car are synchronized, engine speed and terrestrial information
Synchronization can also be realized by synchronous acquisition speed and rotating speed, be specifically calculated in accordance with the following methods：
The Doppler effect formulas of sound wave is：
In formula：
f0It is wave source frequency：It is the frequency that high frequency pure tone sound source sends voice signal in the present invention；
F is the frequency that microphone receives；
U is spread speed of the ripple in medium, is spread speed of the sound wave in air dielectric in the present invention；
v1、v2The respectively speed of running velocity and microphone；If wave source and microphone are close to v1Front symbol
For ﹣, v2Front symbol is ﹢, if opposite away from if；
α, β are respectively v1、v2Direction vector and microphone to wave source line angle；Wherein the present invention relates to automobile add
Microphone is static in the outer noise fest of fast Travel vehicle, therefore speed v2For 0m/s, from vehicle inlet wire to close to microphone mistake
The speed v of car in journey1It is negative when remote just that front symbol, which is,.
Above-mentioned formula (1) is rewritten as by the present invention：
v1(t) cos α (t)=(1 ± f0/f(t))c (2)
Wherein：
T is the time；
v1(t) it is the automobile's instant velocity of t；
α (t) is t direction of vehicle movement and high frequency pure tone sound source to the angle between microphone line；
F (t) is the high frequency pure tone sound-source signal that t microphone receives；
C is spread speed of the sound wave in air dielectric, high frequency pure tone sound source close to during receiver symbol for just, otherwise be
It is negative；
t0It is high frequency pure tone sound source at the time of inlet wire；
v1(t0) for high frequency pure tone sound source in inlet wire moment t0Speed；
The angle α (t) then changed over time is：
Formula (3), which is brought into formula (2), can obtain the speed v of t1(t)：
Moment t vehicle location can be further obtained to rate integrating：
。
2. a kind of the Accelerating Traveling of Automobiles pass-by noise measuring method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that each transaudient
It is separated by 0.5m-1.5m distance between device.
3. a kind of the Accelerating Traveling of Automobiles pass-by noise measuring method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described enters
Line is：It is AA' during forward direction experiment, is BB' during counter-test.
A kind of 4. the Accelerating Traveling of Automobiles pass-by noise measuring method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described height
Respective output volume is high more than 10dB when frequency pure tone sound source accelerates to pass through noise testing than automobile.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109405962A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-03-01 | 中山大学 | A kind of road traffic noise frequency spectrum calculation method |
| CN109916506A (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2019-06-21 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Commercial vehicle passes through noise Fast measurement system and measurement method |
| CN110907192A (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-03-24 | 东风商用车有限公司 | Method for reducing passing noise of whole vehicle |
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