CN107794485A - A kind of preparation technology of metal ceramic powder used for hot spraying - Google Patents

A kind of preparation technology of metal ceramic powder used for hot spraying Download PDF

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CN107794485A
CN107794485A CN201710638263.9A CN201710638263A CN107794485A CN 107794485 A CN107794485 A CN 107794485A CN 201710638263 A CN201710638263 A CN 201710638263A CN 107794485 A CN107794485 A CN 107794485A
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powder
microns
preparation technology
obtains
granularity
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CN107794485B (en
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王群
陈金雄
周小峰
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Hunan University
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Hunan University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/129—Flame spraying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/14—Treatment of metallic powder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/06—Metallic material

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of preparation technology of metal ceramic powder used for hot spraying, comprise the following steps：（1）By metal dust and ceramic powders mixing and ball milling, slurry A is obtained；（2）Mist projection granulating is carried out to slurry A, obtains powder B；（3）Powder B is classified, obtains the different powder C of two-stage above granularity；（4）Varigrained powder is sintered at different temperature respectively, crushed and be classified respectively after the completion of sintering, obtain the powder D of different apparent densitys；（5）The powder D of different apparent densitys is mixed, obtains spraying metal ceramic powder.The present invention improves metal ceramic powder utilization rate, improves the deposition of thermal spraying, improves the consistency of coating, obtains a preferable resultant effect.

Description

A kind of preparation technology of metal ceramic powder used for hot spraying
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation technology of metal ceramic powder used for hot spraying, belong to field of thermal spray.
Background technology
The metal ceramic powder of currently employed thermal spraying particularly HVAF has WC-Ni, WC-Co, WC- CoCr, WC-Cr3C2- Ni, Cr3C2The Metal-ceramie powder powder material such as-NiCr, above-mentioned dusty material can prepare corresponding composite coating, It is widely used in needing the occasion of anticorrosion antiwear in industrial production.Currently, metal ceramic powder is made using agglomeration process mostly Standby, its technical process is typically made up of material mixing and ball milling, mist projection granulating, sintering, broken and sieving classification.
In above-mentioned technique, mist projection granulating is that the metal of fine particle and ceramic particle are agglomerated into larger-size spherical Grain, can smooth powder feeding when being easy to spray.Sintering is to remove the organic binder bond in spheric granules, and can also be improved spherical The mechanical strength of powder particle, it is set not allow during powder feeding is sprayed broken.
Inventor has found that the metal ceramic powder that currently employed mist projection granulating obtains all is to sinter at the same temperature Arrive, the material after sintering is again by broken, the screening hot spray powder consistent with air current classifying acquisition apparent density.
When being sintered at a lower temperature by the metal ceramic powder of mist projection granulating, the apparent density of powder of acquisition also compared with Low, the powder particle of large-size can fully melt or soften the (coating of acquisition relatively cause in flame stream is sprayed in this powder It is close), but small size powder particle is easy to the phenomenon superfused, and the particle of superfusion is usually adhered to the inwall of gun barrel, caused Stifled rifle and big molten drop phenomenon (even if powder lower limit is brought up into 20 microns is not avoided that this big molten drop phenomenon), are ultimately resulted in Spraying process is unstable, and there is pit on surface after corresponding coating grinding, and causes its qualification rate also very low.
When being sintered at high temperature by the metal ceramic powder of mist projection granulating, the high (powder of powder particle consistency is obtained Last apparent density is high).In spraying process, the small size compacted particles melted by heating or softening in this powder are abundant, but greatly The compacted particles of size in the flame stream of spraying be heated it is insufficient, when particle is struck on matrix, its center portion not fully melting or The part of softening is easily rebounded, and causes the deposition of powder relatively low.
When being sintered by the metal ceramic powder of mist projection granulating in neutral temperature, the apparent density of powder of acquisition is also fitted In, the deposition of powder and and coating consistency it is all moderate.For the moderate powder of this apparent density, fine grain powder exists Still have the tendency of in spraying process it is larger superfuse, therefore, in order to reduce this superfusion phenomenon, it is necessary to by the powder size The lower limit of distribution is improved to 15 microns even 20 microns, so as to cause the utilization rate of mist projection granulating powder to substantially reduce.Separately Outside, want that height must also be selected to prepare the coating of high-compactness by spraying the metal ceramic powder of this medium apparent density Spray parameters (increase spraying when fuel and oxygen consumption), this can cause the deposition of powder to substantially reduce again.
It can be seen that respective coatings, either low, middle apparent density are prepared using the consistent metal ceramic powder of apparent density Or high apparent density, is all difficult to obtain gratifying result.Therefore, be badly in need of design to traditional metal ceramic powder and Preparation technology optimizes, to obtain the cermet that spraying process is stable, the deposition of powder and coating consistency are all higher Powder.
The content of the invention
The present invention plans solve the utilization rate for how improving mist projection granulating metal ceramic powder, keeps the stabilization of spraying process The problems such as property and the powder spray deposition and coating consistency can not get both.
The technical scheme is that, there is provided a kind of preparation technology of metal ceramic powder used for hot spraying, including following step Suddenly：
(1) by metal dust and ceramic powders mixing and ball milling, slurry A is obtained；
(2) mist projection granulating is carried out to slurry A, obtains powder B；
(3) powder B is classified, obtain the different powder C of two-stage above granularity (be respectively powder C1, C2 ... Cn)；
(4) varigrained powder C (powder C1, C2 ... Cn) is made to sinter at different temperature respectively, sintering is completed Crushed and be classified respectively afterwards, obtain the powder D (be respectively powder D1, D2 ... Dn) of different apparent densitys；
(5) the powder D of different apparent densitys is mixed, obtains spraying metal ceramic powder.
Preferably, in powder C, the minimum a microns of particle diameter, particle diameter is up to b microns；Wherein 4≤a≤8；50≤b≤60.
Preferably, in step (3), powder B points are n levels, by granularity from small to large, respectively powder C1, C2 ..., Cn, Sintering temperature be respectively T1, T2 ..., Tn, the unit of sintering temperature is DEG C；Wherein, T1 ＞ T2 ＞ ... ＞ Tn, n is big In 1 natural number.
Preferably, it is two-stage powder B to be divided, and obtains the powder that granularity is more than c microns no more than the powder C1 and granularity of c microns Last C2, wherein, 25≤c≤35.
Preferably, powder C1 sintering temperature is 1170-2000 DEG C；Powder C2 sintering temperature is 1160-1190 DEG C.
Preferably, powder C1 sintering temperature is T1 DEG C, and powder C2 sintering temperature is T2 DEG C, T2+40 DEG C >=T1 >=T2+ 10℃。
Preferably, it is three-level, respectively powder C1, C2 and C3 powder B to be divided, and its granularity is respectively d, e and f micron；Its In, d ＜ e ＜ f, a≤d≤a+14 microns；B-14 microns≤f≤b, powder C2 size distribution e is between d and f.
Preferably, powder C1 sintering temperature is T1 DEG C, and powder C2 sintering temperature is T2 DEG C, powder C3 sintering temperature For T3 DEG C, T2+30 DEG C >=T1 >=T2+8 DEG C；T3+30℃≥T2≥T3+8℃.Preferably, T2+20 DEG C >=T1 >=T2+10 DEG C；T3 +20℃≥T2≥T3+10℃。
Preferably, in powder D, the minimum a microns of particle diameter, particle diameter is up to b microns.
Preferably, the metal dust is one kind and a variety of in Ni, Co, Cr, Fe, Al and Mo；The ceramic powders are WC、Cr3C2、TiC、TiB2, WB and Mo2It is a kind of and a variety of in B.
Specifically, preparation technology of the invention comprises the step of：
(1) by a certain proportion of metal dust (one or more in Ni, Cr, Co, Fe and Mo) and ceramic powders (WC, Cr3C2,TiC,WB,TiB2,Mo2One or more in B) and sintered carbide ball, deionized water, polyvinyl alcohol be put into ball milling 10-40 hour of machine ball milling, obtaining cermet mixed slurry, (when the total amount of metal ceramic powder is set into 100 parts, hard closes The ratio of gold goal is 700 parts, and the ratio of deionized water is 20-25 parts, and the ratio of polyvinyl alcohol is 2 parts)；
(2) above-mentioned slurry is imported into atomizer tower and carries out mist projection granulating, acquisition is shaped as spherical cermet and answered Close powder；
(3) by the particle after above-mentioned granulation carry out screening and air current classifying acquisition size distribution different two kinds or two kinds with On spherical metal ceramic powder；(size distribution is divided into two sections：5-30 microns and 30-53 microns, or size distribution are 3 Individual section 5-20 microns, 20-38 microns and 38-53 microns, or more section)；
(4) will be sintered in the different powder of above-mentioned size distribution reducing atmosphere stove and vacuum drying oven at different temperatures, Wherein, particulate powders sinter at high temperature, obtain the particulate powders of high-compactness (apparent density is high)；The powder of medium size End sinters at moderate temperatures, obtains the powder of medium consistency；Coarse grain powder sinters at a lower temperature obtains low densification The coarse grain powder of degree (apparent density is relatively low)；
(5) powder that above-mentioned sintering obtains is crushed, and again sub-sieve and air current classifying to remove in respective powder Because particle size caused by crushing process is less than the particle of powder size distribution lower limit.
(6) powder removed less than powder size distribution lower limit is subjected to mechanical mixture again and obtains metal-ceramic (particle size distribution of the mixed-powder is 5-53 microns to porcelain powder, also, the less apparent density of powder of size is high, size Larger apparent density of powder is relatively low).
Explanation is further explained to the present invention below, waits the code name of label expression material in its Chinese with P1, P2 ..., Differentiation is used merely to facilitate, the implication not determined.
Such as (metal accounts for powder P1 gross mass percentages to the one or more metallic elements for selecting in Ni, Cr, Co, Fe and Mo Than for 7%-40%) metal dust and WC, Cr3C2, TiC, WB, TiB2, Mo2One or more ceramic powders (ceramics in B It is 60%-93% to account for powder P1 gross masses percentage) combination obtain mixed-powder P1.By P1 respectively with accounting for P1 gross masses 20- 25% deionized water and 2% polyvinyl alcohol ball milling mixing, obtain the slurry P2 formed by the uniform mixing and ball milling of said components.Will Slurry P2, which is imported in atomizer tower, carries out spray drying granulation, obtains the metal ceramic powder that granularity is in certain limit distribution P3, the metal ceramic powder P3 for being spray-dried acquisition is subjected to sub-sieve and obtains the different fine grained powder of size distribution with air current classifying Last P4, medium size powder P5 and coarse grain powder P6.
Powder P4, P5 and P6 after classification is respectively charged into graphite boat or ceramic boat, is placed into reducing atmosphere Atmosphere furnace or vacuum drying oven in be sintered.Wherein, particulate powders P4 is sintered and crushed at a higher temperature, obtains high cause Density powder P7 (apparent density of powder is high)；The powder P5 of median particle size is sintered and crushed under medium sintering temperature, Obtain the powder P8 of medium consistency (apparent density of powder is moderate)；Coarse grain powder P6 is sintered and crushed at a lower temperature and obtains Obtain the powder P9 of low consistency (apparent density of powder is relatively low).
P7 is removed using the gentle flow point level of sub-sieve respectively, is less than respective powder due to broken and caused in P8 and P9 powder The particle of Size Distribution lower limit, respectively obtain powder P10, P11 and P12.
Powder P10, P11 and P12 after classification is subjected to mechanical mixture, obtains the different mixed Metal-ceramie powder of apparent density Last P13 (powder particle size is bigger, and apparent density is lower).
In the P13 powder with different apparent densitys obtained by above-mentioned technique, the powder consistency of small size is high, is sending Although quality is small during powder, because its consistency is higher, in the presence of powder feeding carrier gas, flame flow center can be admitted to； Also, it is not easy to superfuse in the gun barrel of spray gun because particulate powders consistency is high again, greatly reduces superfusion powder adhesion In the tendency of gun barrel inwall.Medium size and large-sized powder particle consistency reduce successively, on the one hand can make them in flame The state for reaching melting or softening can be sufficiently heated in stream, also it can on the other hand had preferable when striking on matrix Spreading property, improve the deposition of powder and the consistency of respective coatings.So, size distribution is in not same district in powder P13 Between particle its apparent density it is also different, this powder made can basically reach more consistent abundant melting in spraying process Or soft state.This not only substantially avoided because fine powder is superfused and adheres to the phenomenon of gun barrel inwall, it also avoid bulky grain Powder is because the degree that center portion is melted and softened not enough powder bounce-back serious situation occurs, so that the deposition of powder It is all higher with obtained coating consistency.In addition, being greatly improved by the apparent density of fine powder, it occurred in spraying process Molten probability also greatly reduces, so, the size distribution lower limit of the powder also can be reduced to 5 by original 15-20 microns Micron, the final metal ceramic powder utilization rate for make it that mist projection granulating is obtained also greatly improve.
The invention has the advantages that improving metal ceramic powder utilization rate, the deposition of thermal spraying is improved, is improved The consistency of coating, obtains a preferable resultant effect.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is expressed as a kind of preparation technology flow chart of metal ceramic powder of the prior art；
Fig. 2 is a kind of preparation technology flow chart of metal ceramic powder in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is that WC-12Co powder sinters at 1195 DEG C, the WC- for obtaining the interface of powder and being prepared by the powder 12Co coating cross sections photos；
Fig. 4 is that WC-12Co powder sinters at 1185 DEG C, the WC- for obtaining the interface of powder and being prepared by the powder 12Co coating cross sections photos；
Fig. 5 is that WC-12Co powder sinters at 1175 DEG C, the WC- for obtaining the interface of powder and being prepared by the powder 12Co coating cross sections photos；
Fig. 6 is that WC-12Co powder is being the high apparent density powder (being sintered at 1195 DEG C) of 5-25 microns for size distribution With size distribution be 25~53 microns of low-apparent-density powder (sintered at 1180 DEG C) mechanical mixture powder section photo and The WC-12Co coating cross sections photos prepared by the powder.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Comparative example 1
(1) it is respectively 88wt.% WC (granularity is~2.5 microns) and 12wt.% Co powder (grains by mass percent Spend for 1-3 microns) ball milling bucket is separately added into, and account for powder stock (WC powder+Co powder, similarly hereinafter) gross mass to this barrel addition 23wt.% deionized water and 2wt.% polyvinyl alcohol, by ratio of grinding media to material 6:1 adds WC-Co hard alloy ball, ball milling 30h, obtains Obtain slurry P1.
(2) slurry P1 is gradually introduced in the tip container of spray drying tower, be spray-dried, to obtain size distribution In a range of spherical WC-12Co powder P2.
(3) P2 powder is sintered to the P3 powder for obtaining high-compactness at 1195 DEG C.Sintering furnace used can be band reduction Property (H2Or NH3Decomposition gas) atmosphere stove or vacuum drying oven, be incubated 2 hours under the sintering temperature of setting.
(5) the P3 powder for sintering acquisition is crushed, the WC-12Co powder of acquisition is respectively P4.
(6) using the method for sub-sieve and air current classifying, remove less than 15 microns and micro- more than 53 in P4 crushed powders The particle of rice, the WC-12Co powder numbering of acquisition is P5.
(8) supersonic spray gun using kerosene as fuel is used to spray P5 the powder, (kerosene oil flow under canonical parameter： 22.6L/h, your flow of oxygen：56.6m3/ h, powder feeding rate 75g/min, spray distance：380mm), the WC-12Co coating holes of acquisition Gap rate 1.7% (is tested) with gray level method；The powder painting process is stable, but gun barrel inner wall abrasion is more serious, and powder deposition is 35.2% (corresponding powder and coating cross sections photo is shown in Fig. 3).
Comparative example 2
(1) it is respectively 88wt.% WC (granularity is~2.5 microns) and 12wt.% Co powder (grains by mass percent Spend for 1-3 microns) be separately added into ball milling bucket, and to this barrel addition account for powder stock gross mass 23wt.% deionized water and 2wt.% polyvinyl alcohol, by ratio of grinding media to material 6:1 adds WC-Co hard alloy ball, ball milling 30h, obtains slurry P1.
(2) slurry P1 is gradually introduced in the tip container of spray drying tower, be spray-dried, to obtain size distribution In a range of spherical WC-12Co powder P2.
(3) P2 powder is sintered at 1185 DEG C and obtains the moderate P3 powder of consistency.Sintering furnace used can be that band is gone back Originality (H2Or NH3Decomposition gas) atmosphere stove or vacuum drying oven, be incubated 2 hours under the sintering temperature of setting.
(5) the P3 powder for sintering acquisition is crushed, the WC-12Co powder of acquisition is respectively P4.
(6) using the method for sub-sieve and air current classifying, remove less than 15 microns and micro- more than 53 in P4 crushed powders The particle of rice, the WC-12Co powder numbering of acquisition is P5.
(8) supersonic spray gun using kerosene as fuel is used to spray P5 the powder, (kerosene oil flow under canonical parameter： 22.6L/h, your flow of oxygen：56.6m3/ h, powder feeding rate 75g/min, spray distance：380mm), the WC-12Co coating holes of acquisition Gap rate 0.7% (is tested) with gray level method；The powder painting process is relatively stable, powder deposition be 40.4% (corresponding powder and Coating cross sections photo is shown in Fig. 4).
Comparative example 3
(1) it is respectively 88wt.% WC (granularity is~2.5 microns) and 12wt.% Co powder (grains by mass percent Spend for 1-3 microns) be separately added into ball milling bucket, and to this barrel addition account for powder stock gross mass 23wt.% deionized water and 2wt.% polyvinyl alcohol, by ratio of grinding media to material 6:1 adds WC-Co hard alloy ball, ball milling 30h, obtains slurry P1.
(2) slurry P1 is gradually introduced in the tip container of spray drying tower, be spray-dried, to obtain size distribution In a range of spherical WC-12Co powder P2.
(3) P2 powder is sintered to the P3 powder for obtaining low consistency at 1170 DEG C.Sintering furnace used can be band reduction Property (H2Or NH3Decomposition gas) atmosphere stove or vacuum drying oven, be incubated 2 hours under the sintering temperature of setting.
(5) the P3 powder for sintering acquisition is crushed, the WC-12Co powder of acquisition is respectively P4.
(6) using the method for sub-sieve and air current classifying, remove less than 15 microns and micro- more than 53 in P4 crushed powders The particle of rice, the WC-12Co powder numbering of acquisition is P5.
(8) supersonic spray gun using kerosene as fuel is used to spray P5 the powder, (kerosene oil flow under canonical parameter： 22.6L/h, your flow of oxygen：56.6m3/ h, powder feeding rate 75g/min, spray distance：380mm), the WC-12Co coating holes of acquisition Gap rate 0.3% (is tested) with gray level method；But the powder painting process is unstable, there is big molten drop to produce, there is surface after coating grinding Pit, dye penetrant inspection is general red serious, and coating is unqualified.
Embodiment 1
(1) it is respectively 88wt.% WC (granularity is~2.5 microns) and 12wt.% Co powder (grains by mass percent Spend for 1-3 microns) be separately added into ball milling bucket, and to this barrel addition account for powder stock gross mass 23wt.% deionized water and 2wt.% polyvinyl alcohol, by ratio of grinding media to material 6:1 adds WC-Co hard alloy ball, ball milling 30h, obtains slurry P1.
(2) slurry P1 is gradually introduced in the tip container of spray drying tower, centrifugal spray drying is carried out, to obtain granularity Different spherical WC-12Co powder P2.
(3) use screening and air current classifying by P2 powder classifications for two kinds of WC- that granularity is 5-25 microns and 25-53 microns 12Co powder P3 and P4.
(4) P3 powder is sintered to the P5 powder for obtaining high-compactness at 1195 DEG C, P4 powder is sintered at 1175 DEG C Obtain the P6 powder of low consistency.Sintering furnace used can be band reproducibility (H2 or NH3Decomposition gas) atmosphere stove, also may be used To be vacuum drying oven, 2 hours are incubated under the sintering temperature of setting.
(5) P5 the and P6 powder for sintering acquisition is crushed, the WC-12Co powder of acquisition is respectively P7 and P8.
(6) particle for being less than 5 microns in P7 crushed powders is removed using the method for sub-sieve and air current classifying again, The WC-12Co powder numbering of acquisition is P9, removes the particle for being less than 25 microns in P8 crushed powders, the WC-12Co of acquisition Powder numbering is P10.
(7) two kinds of powder of P19 and P10 are well mixed using the method for mechanical mixture, obtain that there are its different consistency The WC-12Co powder P11 of mixing.
(8) supersonic spray gun using kerosene as fuel is used to spray P11 the powder, (kerosene oil flow under canonical parameter： 22.6L/h, your flow of oxygen：56.6m3/ h, powder feeding rate 75g/min, spray distance：380mm) can obtain porosity is 0.31%；The powder painting process is stable, and (phenomenon that no superfusion powder is adhered to gun barrel inwall occurs, gun barrel inner wall abrasion rate It is low)；In addition, under same spray parameters, the deposition of the new WC-12Co powder is 46.6% (corresponding powder and painting Layer cross section photo is shown in Fig. 6).
Embodiment 2
(1) it is respectively 88wt.% WC (granularity is~2.5 microns) and 12wt.% Co powder (grains by mass percent Spend for 1-3 microns) be separately added into ball milling bucket, and to this barrel addition account for powder stock gross mass 23wt.% deionized water and 2wt.% polyvinyl alcohol, by ratio of grinding media to material 6:1 adds WC-Co hard alloy ball, ball milling 30h, obtains slurry P1.
(2) slurry P1 is gradually introduced in the tip container of spray drying tower, centrifugal spray drying is carried out, to obtain granularity Different spherical WC-12Co powder P2.
(3) it by P2 powder classifications is 5-20 microns for granularity to use screening and air current classifying, and 20-38 microns and 38-53 are micro- Three kinds of WC-12Co powder P3, P4 and P5 of rice.
(4) P3 powder is sintered to the P6 powder for obtaining high-compactness at 1195 DEG C, P4 powder is sintered at 1185 DEG C Obtain the P7 powder of medium consistency.P5 powder is sintered to the P8 powder for obtaining low consistency at 1175 DEG C.Sintering furnace used Can be band reproducibility (H2 or NH3Decomposition gas) atmosphere stove or vacuum drying oven, be incubated under the sintering temperature of setting 2 hours.
(5) P6, P7 and the P8 powder for sintering acquisition are crushed, the WC-12Co powder of acquisition is respectively P9, P10 and P11.
(6) particle for being less than 5 microns in P9 crushed powders is removed using the method for sub-sieve and air current classifying again, The WC-12Co powder numbering of acquisition is P12, removes the particle for being less than 20 microns in P10 crushed powders, the WC- of acquisition 12Co powder numbering is P13, removes the particle for being less than 38 microns in P11 crushed powders, the WC-12Co powder numbering of acquisition For P14.
(7) tri- kinds of powder of P12, P13 and P14 are well mixed using the method for mechanical mixture, obtain that there are its different cause The WC-12Co powder P15 of density mixing.
(8) supersonic spray gun using kerosene as fuel is used to spray P15 the powder, (kerosene oil flow under canonical parameter： 22.6L/h, your flow of oxygen：56.6m3/ h, powder feeding rate 75g/min, spray distance：380mm) can obtain porosity is 0.27%；The powder painting process is stable, and (phenomenon that no superfusion powder is adhered to gun barrel inwall occurs, gun barrel inner wall abrasion rate It is low)；In addition, under same spray parameters, the deposition of the new WC-12Co powder is 49.6%.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of preparation technology of metal ceramic powder used for hot spraying, comprises the following steps：
(1) by metal dust and ceramic powders mixing and ball milling, slurry A is obtained；
(2) mist projection granulating is carried out to slurry A, obtains powder B；
Characterized in that, also include：
(3) powder B is classified, obtains the different powder C of two-stage above granularity；
(4) varigrained powder is sintered at different temperature respectively, is crushed and be classified respectively after the completion of sintering, obtained To the powder D of different apparent densitys；
(5) the powder D of different apparent densitys is mixed, obtains spraying metal ceramic powder.
2. preparation technology as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in powder C, the minimum a microns of particle diameter, particle diameter is up to B microns；Wherein 4≤a≤8；50≤b≤60.
3. preparation technology as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that in step (3), B points of powder is n levels, obtains powder C, by granularity from small to large, powder C be respectively powder C1, C2 ..., Cn, sintering temperature be respectively T1, T2 ..., Tn, burn The unit of junction temperature is DEG C；Wherein, T1 ＞ T2 ＞ ... ＞ Tn, n are the natural number more than 1.
4. preparation technology as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that B points are two-stage by powder, and it is micro- no more than c to obtain granularity The powder C1 and granularity of rice are more than the powder C2 of c microns, wherein, 25≤c≤35.
5. preparation technology as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that powder C1 sintering temperature is 1170-1200 DEG C；Powder C2 sintering temperature is 1160-1190 DEG C.
6. preparation technology as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that powder C1 sintering temperature is T1 DEG C, powder C2 burning Junction temperature is T2 DEG C, T2+40 DEG C >=T1 >=T2+10 DEG C.
7. preparation technology as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that by powder B points be three-level, respectively powder C1, C2 and C3, its granularity are respectively d, e and f micron；Wherein, d ＜ e ＜ f；A≤d≤a+14 microns；B-14 microns≤f≤b.
8. preparation technology as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that powder C1 sintering temperature is T1 DEG C, powder C2 burning Junction temperature is T2 DEG C, and powder C3 sintering temperature is T3 DEG C, T2+30 DEG C >=T1 >=T2+8 DEG C；T3+30℃≥T2≥T3+8℃.
9. preparation technology as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that in powder D, the minimum a microns of particle diameter, particle diameter is up to B microns.
10. preparation technology as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the metal dust is Ni, Co, Cr, Fe, Al and Mo In it is a kind of and a variety of；The ceramic powders are WC, Cr3C2、TiC、TiB2, WB and Mo2It is a kind of and a variety of in B.
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CN108424146A (en) * 2018-04-28 2018-08-21 东北大学 A kind of preparation method of four tungsten borides base ceramics
CN110983232A (en) * 2019-11-06 2020-04-10 苏州合志杰新材料技术有限公司 Method for preparing wear-resistant anti-sticking coating by using special spraying power
CN113493889A (en) * 2021-04-20 2021-10-12 遵义中铂硬质合金有限责任公司 Drill bit with wear-resistant hard alloy coating and preparation method
CN114713827A (en) * 2022-04-20 2022-07-08 赣南师范大学 Hard alloy/metal ceramic powder for 3D printing and preparation method thereof

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CN108424146A (en) * 2018-04-28 2018-08-21 东北大学 A kind of preparation method of four tungsten borides base ceramics
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CN110983232B (en) * 2019-11-06 2022-11-01 苏州合志杰新材料技术有限公司 Method for preparing wear-resistant anti-sticking coating by using special spraying power
CN113493889A (en) * 2021-04-20 2021-10-12 遵义中铂硬质合金有限责任公司 Drill bit with wear-resistant hard alloy coating and preparation method
CN114713827A (en) * 2022-04-20 2022-07-08 赣南师范大学 Hard alloy/metal ceramic powder for 3D printing and preparation method thereof
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