CN107789030A - A kind of neurosurgery focus ultrasonic auxiliary three-level atomization cooling and postoperative wound film formation device - Google Patents

A kind of neurosurgery focus ultrasonic auxiliary three-level atomization cooling and postoperative wound film formation device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107789030A
CN107789030A CN201711165587.1A CN201711165587A CN107789030A CN 107789030 A CN107789030 A CN 107789030A CN 201711165587 A CN201711165587 A CN 201711165587A CN 107789030 A CN107789030 A CN 107789030A
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China
Prior art keywords
ultrasonic
nozzle
fluid
ultrasonic transformer
drop
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CN201711165587.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
杨敏
李长河
李润泽
杨宜亮
侯亚丽
贾东洲
张彦彬
张效伟
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Qingdao University of Technology
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Qingdao University of Technology
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Priority to CN201711165587.1A priority Critical patent/CN107789030A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2018/075018 priority patent/WO2019100588A1/en
Priority to US16/098,277 priority patent/US11571222B2/en
Publication of CN107789030A publication Critical patent/CN107789030A/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/16—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/16—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
    • A61B17/1644—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans using fluid other than turbine drive fluid
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/16—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
    • A61B2017/1602—Mills
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/16—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
    • A61B17/1644—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans using fluid other than turbine drive fluid
    • A61B2017/1651—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans using fluid other than turbine drive fluid for cooling
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/16—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
    • A61B17/1644—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans using fluid other than turbine drive fluid
    • A61B2017/1653—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans using fluid other than turbine drive fluid for lubrication

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of three-level atomization cooling of neurosurgery focus ultrasonic auxiliary and postoperative wound film formation device, it solves the problems, such as that prior art zygomatic-temporal approach ablation device can not be cooled down to grinding area, wound is coated in time, it is as follows with the beneficial effect that can be achieved to coat in time, its scheme：A kind of neurosurgery focus ultrasonic auxiliary three-level atomization cooling and postoperative wound film formation device, transducer enclosure, ultrasonic transformer II is set in transducer enclosure, the top of ultrasonic transformer II sets at least two layers of piezoelectric ceramic piece II, the electrode slice being connected with supersonic generator is set between adjacent two layers piezoelectric ceramic piece II, transducer enclosure bottom is in hemisphere face structure, and multiple piezoelectric elements being connected with the supersonic generator are set on the inside of the spherical structure；Nozzle, located at the bottom of ultrasonic transformer II, nozzle is connected with medical nano fluid liquid reservoir cup, and compressed gas can be also passed through in nozzle, and electrode is also set up on the inside of nozzle.

Description

A kind of neurosurgery focus ultrasonic auxiliary three-level atomization cooling and postoperative wound film forming Device
Technical field
It is ground the present invention relates to a kind of neurosurgery skull, cooling, postoperative wound film forming flexible integration device in art, especially It is to be related to a kind of neurosurgery focus ultrasonic auxiliary three-level atomization cooling and postoperative wound film formation device.
Background technology
Bone grinding is one of operation technique common and basic in tumor of base of skull excising operation, and clinical Chinese and foreign department doctor is normal Osteopathy is removed with high-speed micro emery wheel to manage.However, high-speed grinding produces substantial amounts of heat, cause the heat waste of osteonecrosis and surrounding tissue Wound, also has a certain impact to the coagulation function of tissue.The cooling of physiological saline drip irrigation type is commonly used in clinic, passes through free convection Mode takes away part grinding heat.The concern that Grinding heat injury is clinically generally acknowledged, because not can determine that temperature in grinding process Degree is so that the degree of fire damage can not be controlled.Kondo et al. is pointed out, under the cast-type physiological saline type of cooling, fire damage Highest critical-temperature is 43 DEG C, and during higher than 43 DEG C, optic nerve will sustain damage, and can cause to blind when serious.It is related to bone mill Cut, face paralysis and caput femoris necrosis are also a problem of generally existing in bone surgery.Therefore, it is right in osseous surgery is ground The control of temperature is directly connected to the success or failure of operation.
Through retrieval, Illinois, America Spraying System Co., Ltd. DJ Fei Lixi, which just etc. have been invented, a kind of has tapered injection Ultrasonic atomizing nozzle (the patent No. of mist feature：ZL 200880125586.7), forced air is applied to nozzle assembly, mutually interconnected Forced air is directed to atomization surface by logical port, compartment, conduit.To obtain spray cone, port, compartment, conduit guiding Gas-pressurized rotates around atomizing stem.When the gas-pressurized of rotation leaves nozzle assembly by neighbouring atomization surface, atomized liquid Drop is entrained in gas.The gas-pressurized of rotation promotes forward drop, and drop is circumferentially moved out in the form of spray cone.
Through retrieval, a kind of combined ultrasonic atomizing device (patent No. has been invented eastwards etc. by Tsing-Hua University：ZL 201010122821.4), wherein, one-level low-frequency ultrasonic atomizing nozzle-axis and two level high frequency ultrasound atomizer array front end mist Change surface to configure at an angle, the basis of good liquid film is formed in the atomization surface of two level high frequency ultrasound atomizer array On, there is provided enough amplitudes make liquid in the presence of surface wave, are broken into tiny misty liquid droplets, add liquid atomization Accommodation.
Through retrieval, a kind of phase-controlled ultrasonic wave atomizing nozzle (patent No. has been invented eastwards etc. by Tsing-Hua University：ZL 201010122838.X), array element is distributed in a manner of being grouped equidistant ring battle array, be inlaid with the support member of array element and protecgulum and bonnet into Sandwich type structural, ultrasonic transformer tip are liquid atomization surfaces, and liquid to be atomized reaches its surface through centre gangway.Using phased Ultrasound transducer array scheme, reduce the size of single array element piezoelectric patches, it is possible to provide higher ultrasonic atomizatio frequency, and base In same ultrasonic transformer structure, the amplitude of atomization surface can meet the atomization requirement compared with Viscosity liquids.
A kind of ultrasonic focused vapor fog cooler (patent No. has been invented through retrieval, Suzhou Institute of Science and Technology Li Hua etc.：ZL 201010221499.0), including back shroud, piezoelectric ceramic piece, electrode slice, ultrasonic transformer, disk, vibration-sensing rod and steam fog cover are focused on, Back shroud, piezoelectric ceramic piece and electrode slice are clamped by the screw thread and ultrasonic transformer of bolt front end, are focused on disk and are passed through dowel screw It is clamped between vibration-sensing rod and ultrasonic transformer, steam fog cover is bonded in by bonding agent and focused on disk, and oscillator part uses sandwich Transducer architecture, there is the advantages of power capacity is big, steam fog focusing power is strong, can be maximum on the basis of efficiently cooling is ensured The reduction coolant of limit, so as to realize green cooling.
Through retrieval, Institutes Of Technology Of Changsha's hair acute hearing etc. invented a kind of method for being lubricated and cooling down to machining and its Device (the patent No.：ZL 201010551978.9), it is 1~5% that volume ratio is added in vegetable oil or deionized water, nanometer Grain particle diameter is 20~40nm, and the dispersant that addition volume ratio is 0.05~0.15% is simultaneously equipped with the ultrasound that frequency is 10~40kHz Ripple vibrates, to obtain the oil base or water-base nano particle suspension liquid of uniform and good dispersion, in the compression that pressure is 0.3~1MPa Nano granule suspension is fully atomized into diameter under air effect and reaches micron-sized droplet, high pressure droplet is broken through by nozzle Cutter and workpiece surface airbond layer directive cutting region, are lubricated and cool down to cutting region.
A kind of split type focus ultrasonic vapor cooling device (patent No. has been invented through retrieval, Suzhou Institute of Science and Technology Li Hua etc.： ZL 201310029236.3), the transducer independent design of ultrasonic atomizer and focus ultrasonic device, it is not necessary to ensure ultrasonic atomizatio Device is identical with the intrinsic frequency of focus ultrasonic device, is compared with the ultrasonic focused vapor fog cooler of integral type, and the split-type structural surpasses Sound focusing vapor cooling device is easy to manufacture, and the relative position of ultrasonic vibration focalizer and ultrasonic vibration atomizer is easy to adjust, The power of ultrasonic vibration atomizer and ultrasonic vibration focalizer is larger, and the effect of ultrasonic atomizatio and focus ultrasonic is preferable, the later stage It is easy to maintenance.
A kind of naturally focusing ultrasonic atomizatio spray has been invented through retrieval, thousand rattans (Nanjing) Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd Li Tao etc. Head (the patent No.：ZL 201410648984.4) fluid injector is fixedly installed on the lower section of shell, liquid by shock-absorbing support mechanism Around atomization end surface, concentrically circulating type is set discharge ring, and the atomizer that can effectively solve existing natural divergence form has volume Greatly, the invalid liquid splash of centre bore, it is relative that air consumption is big, maximum flow quantity is small, spraying apart from it is near the problems such as.
A kind of electrostatic atomization nozzle (patent No. has been invented through retrieval, Jiangsu University's Wang Xiao English etc.：ZL 201510161434.4), turning fin and form rib-type runner, when swivel rotates, liquid circumferentially enters electrostatic atomization nozzle, There is larger axial velocity at rib-type runner exit, the liquid mist of nozzle exit is tapered.Rotatory sealing is realized reliable Axial seal, needle electrode reasonable Arrangement, ensure that pole drying, improve charged efficiency and electric security.Its advantage is energy Consume it is small, be not easily blocked, charged effect it is good, can realize rotary-atomizing axially remotely transport.
A kind of double medium atomization nozzles of ultrasonic assistant atomization are disclosed through retrieval, North China Polytechnics Li Haiying etc. (application number：201510630442.9), piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer produces ultrasonic wave, and cavitation is produced to the water in fluid chamber, The impurity that the oscillation action of ultrasonic wave also prevent in water simultaneously accumulates in fluid chamber, prevents the impurity in water in nozzle inner walls Accumulation, avoids the phenomenon of spray nozzle clogging from occurring.Ultrasonic wave makes water in fluid chamber produce cavitation phenomenon, assisted atomization, after cavitation Water sprayed from the first spout, high steam sprays from the second spout, hit liquid film, make liquid sheet breakup.
Through retrieval, Dongguan mayor's original spray technique Co., Ltd Song Zhi is bright to devise a kind of Split ultrasonic nozzle (specially Profit number：ZL 201520738520.2), nozzle body inside is provided with the core body axially communicated with nozzle body, nozzle body inlet There is connecting tube at end, and flow channel for liquids is formed between the inwall of the outer wall of core body, the outer wall of connecting tube and nozzle body.Nozzle body Ultrasonic activation head is provided with outside the port of export, by the way of nozzle is combined with ultrasonic activation head, forms multi-atomizing.
Through retrieval, University Of Ningbo Wang Wei is strong etc. devises a kind of three-level atomization ultrasound nozzle assembly (patent No.：ZL 201520881683.6), piezoelectric ceramic transducer is fixedly connected with the stub end of taper ultrasonic transformer, the small head end of taper ultrasonic transformer It is fixedly connected with atomizer, piezoelectric ceramic transducer is with being provided with the runner for being passed through liquid, atomization in taper ultrasonic transformer It is provided with multiple atomization ducts being distributed uniformly and circumferentially in shower nozzle, atomization duct is connected with institute runner, taper luffing The small head end of bar is fixedly installed atomization disk, and the three-level atomization of liquid can be achieved.
Through retrieval, Jiangsu University's height builds people etc. and discloses a kind of low frequency electrostatic ultrasonic atomizing shower nozzle (application number： 201610198692.4), nozzle ultrasonic transformer axial centre is provided with feed pathway, leads in the position for deviateing axial centre provided with air inlet Road, concave spherical surface is processed as at the top of nozzle ultrasonic transformer, concave spherical surface is provided with suspension ball.Utilize the compressed air of axially eccentric motion Suspension ball is set to rotate at a high speed, electrode, which is powered, causes suspension ball to produce electric field, makes by droplet caused by low-frequency ultrasonic atomizing again It is electrostatically atomized, and takes electrostatic charge, Charged Droplet sprays from shower nozzle, had both breached low-frequency ultrasonic atomizing shower nozzle and has been difficult to generate The bottleneck of ultra-fine droplet, make electrostatic on droplet band again, add its adhesiveness.
Through retrieval, Jiangsu University's height builds people etc. and discloses a kind of two phase flow ultrasonic atomizing device (application number： 201610334607.2), it is necessary to which the liquid of atomization carries out first time atomization, the high speed of ejection after being sprayed by air atomizer spray nozzle Droplet is impinged upon on the ultrasonic transducer of dither, is broken into more tiny droplet, is occurred second and is atomized.
Through retrieval, existing pneumatic nozzle or electrostatic atomization, ultrasonic atomizing nozzle, be atomized using single mechanism or Two kinds of mechanism combination atomizations, drop atomizing effect can not reach ideal effect；And drop can not be effective after nozzle body ejection Controllable injection grinding area, partial drop can be dispersed into surrounding environment, reduce the heat convection of grinding area.Do not have one at present Kind device or method realize the effectively controllable injection grinding tool/bone wedge shape constraint space of drop while realizing drop super-fine atomization.
Electrostatic spinning fiber is soft, frivolous and be covered with nanoaperture, can fully be made up with wound as wound dressing, On the one hand stimulation of the external environment condition to wound is mitigated, protection surface of a wound body fluid is unlikely to evaporate exsiccation too quickly；Ensure the surface of a wound simultaneously Extraneous fresh oxygen can be touched, in favor of the reparation of cell, growth；On the other hand, Electrospun nano-fibers can be with Most bacterium in air and micronic dust are filtered off, avoids wound from being infected.
Through retrieval, the deep small red grade of Donghua University has invented a kind of ultrasonic oscillation electrostatic spinning nozzle and its method (patent Number：ZL 201110152579.X), spinning solution or melt, opening controller are added into spinning head by automatic infusion device And high pressure, spinning solution or melt form taylor cone in the presence of supersonic oscillations, are drawn upwardly out jet.The device overcomes The surface tension of spinning solution or melt, more jets are formed, the yield of electrostatic spinning is added, improves the steady of shower nozzle spinning It is qualitative.
Through retrieval, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences hole celebrating mountain etc. devises a kind of ultrasonic assistant The Electrospun nano-fibers preparation facilities (patent No.：ZL 201220603914.3), by supersonic generator and electrostatic spinning Technology of preparing combines, and has played the characteristics of polymer solution forms microlayer model under ul-trasonic irradiation, has overcome solution The gravity of surface tension and drop, spray liquid flow is easily formed under high voltage electric field effect, and then form nanofiber, improved quiet Electrospun prepares the efficiency of nanofiber.
A kind of preparation method of loose structure Electrospun nano-fibers has been invented through retrieval, Yangzhou University Chen Ming etc. (specially Profit number：ZL 201310600984.2), by polymer dissolving in organic solvent, add inorganic nano-particle, ultrasonic disperse system Electrostatic spinning solution, then electrostatic spinning solution is subjected to spinning on electrostatic spinning machine, produces nano-particle and polymer Composite nano fiber, finally the composite nano fiber of nano-particle and polymer is immersed in after removing nano-particle in pore-creating liquid Dry, obtain loose structure Electrospun nano-fibers.The porous nano-fibre of gained, compared to more common electrospinning fibre, possess more Big specific surface area and avtive spot, its load and adsorption capacity can be improved.
A kind of cool down is invented through retrieval, Qingdao Technological University Yang Min etc. to be ground with the bone surgery of electrostatic atomization film forming Experimental provision (the patent No.：ZL 201510604889.9), electro spindle lower end installation bistrique, grinding-head handle inside or bistrique surrounding are set Be equipped with grinding cooling device, electrostatic atomization film formation device be set around bistrique, be applicable to drip irrigation type cooling, cast-type cooling, The drop such as cold grinding tool in aerosol cooling, the cooling of nano-fluid aerosol, phase-change heat-exchange type bistrique, hydrophily bistrique and electrostatic atomization The mode of low grinding area temperature.
Through retrieval, Guangdong University of Technology room flies space etc. and discloses a kind of ultrasonic porous bubble electrostatic spinning device (application number： 201510778831.6), HV generator is connected with reception device and liquid storage tank respectively, and can be in the rotation of support arm The electric field produced needed for jet is formed between the heart and liquid storage tank, exhaust apparatus is provided with the top of the bowl-shape surface of revolution, can be formed under To the upper air-flow through the bowl-shape surface of revolution, the spinning efficiency in the unit interval greatly increases, while also solves three-dimensional fiber branch Frame collects the problem of difficult.
Through retrieval, current electrostatic spinning apparatus has the characteristics of bulky, is unfavorable for surgeon in narrow space It is flexible to use, and only overcome surface tension to make droplet formation jet using drop electric field force, the fiber of formation is thicker, and There is no a kind of device for spinning or method to make to form superfine fibre while operator's flexible operating, more both may be used without a kind of device To realize that being efficiently injected into grinding area after coolant super-fine atomization is cooled down, can realize again microspun fiber to surgical wound into Film coats.
The content of the invention
For overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of auxiliary three-level atomization of neurosurgery focus ultrasonic is cold But with postoperative wound film formation device, the device volume is small, is flexibly and easily operated in narrow space beneficial to surgeon；Surgical procedure Middle cool down medical nano fluid after hydraulic pneumatic-ultrasound-electrostatic three-level is atomized obtains fine droplets, and being acted on using focus ultrasonic will Nano-fluid drop injects grinding tool/bone wedge shape constraint space, effectively carries out cooling and lubricating to grinding area；Operation will apply after terminating Post-surgical trauma face is sprayed in the form of spinning fibre after the spinning system three-level atomization of wound dressing, is realized to being ground wound face The protection of atomization film forming processing.
A kind of neurosurgery focus ultrasonic auxiliary three-level atomization cooling is as follows with the concrete scheme of postoperative wound film formation device：
A kind of neurosurgery focus ultrasonic auxiliary three-level atomization cooling and postoperative wound film formation device, including：
Transducer enclosure, transducer enclosure is interior to set ultrasonic transformer II, and the top of ultrasonic transformer II sets at least two layers of piezoelectric ceramics Piece II, the electrode slice being connected with supersonic generator is set, and transducer enclosure bottom is between adjacent two layers piezoelectric ceramic piece II Hemisphere face structure, multiple piezoelectric elements being connected with the supersonic generator are set on the inside of the spherical structure, in piezoelectricity member Part surface sets copper mesh public electrode, and the bottom of ultrasonic transformer II protrudes transducer hemisphere face structure setting, so by high frequency electric oscillation Signal is converted into axial dither, and ultrasonic transformer II is closely connected with piezoelectric ceramic piece II, realizes the amplification of amplitude；
Nozzle, located at the bottom of ultrasonic transformer II, nozzle and medical nano fluid (physiological saline and solid nanoparticles it is mixed Close) liquid storing cup connection, and compressed gas can be also passed through in nozzle, electrode is also set up on the inside of nozzle, to enter to medical nano fluid Promoting the circulation of qi is dynamic-ultrasound-electrostatic atomization after, pour grinding area with drops and effectively cool down and lubricate, meanwhile, to postoperative wound Effectively coated.
The device sprays nano-fluid by nozzle, in the presence of ultrasonic amplitude bar, realizes axially high at nozzle Frequency vibration, the nano-fluid are so cooled down, Er Qieleng by pneumatic, ultrasonic activation and electrostatic interaction into grinding area But drop can also be protected to wound face after.
Further, the inside of ultrasonic transformer II sets feed pathway and inlet channel, feed pathway and the nozzle Nano-fluid entrance communicates, and inlet channel communicates with the compressed gas entrance of nozzle；
It is charged to be carried out to nano-fluid drop or electrode is connected with external HV generator.
Further, nanometer fluid passage and compressed gas passage are set in the nozzle, also sets up and receives in nozzle The built-in compressed gas passage that rice fluid passage communicates, nanometer fluid passage bottom set accelerating chamber, and compressed gas passage is with adding Fast room connection, built-in compressed gas passage enter nanometer fluid passage by rotation direction compressed gas passage.
Or transducer enclosure sets opening, nano-fluid pipe, compressed gas tube each through opening and feed pathway, Inlet channel communicates, and then has respectively entered nanometer fluid passage, compressed gas by nano-fluid entrance, compressed gas entrance again Body passage.
Further, the accelerating chamber includes two undergauge sections communicated, and the first undergauge section is fallen with the second undergauge Duan Juncheng Round table-like, the second undergauge section is connected by cylindrical section with the 3rd section, and the 3rd section is minor air cell, and minor air cell includes an extension diameter section and contracting Footpath section, compressed gas mix after entering nanometer fluid passage by rotation direction compressed gas passage with setting speed with nano-fluid, Gases at high pressure, physiological saline, solid nanoparticles three-phase flow are formed, and then first paragraph accelerates with second segment in accelerating chamber, adds Enter minor air cell after speed and form vortex with compressed air herein, three-phase flow is further mixed, then export and spray through nozzle body Form droplet.By the drift region of needle electrode corona discharge and the electron collision of drift so as to charged, drop after droplet ejection It is controllable under electric field force, aerodynamic force and Action of Gravity Field after charged to spray to zone of action surface.
Further, the piezoelectric element is arranged in concentric circle in a manner of multiple concentric circles, and result in formation of Jiao Effect that point is adjustable, ensure that nano-fluid drop is efficiently injected into grinding area, piezoelectric element is disk piezoelectric element.
For overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, present invention also offers a kind of low controllable grinding attachment of damage of biological bone, bag Include：
A kind of neurosurgery focus ultrasonic auxiliary three-level atomization cooling and postoperative wound film formation device；
Main shaft, in electro spindle shell, main shaft appearance circumference sets rotor windings, the interior setting of electro spindle shell and rotor Stator winding corresponding to winding, electronics winding, which can be powered, drives main shaft rotary setting；
Catch water mill tool for be ground biological bone, main shaft is by ultrasonic vibration mechanism and catches water mill tool and connects, in main shaft and Under ultrasonic vibration mechanism drives, catch water mill tool and realize vertical-torsion and rotary motion, catch water abrasive surface and micro-bulge is set.
The device volume is small, and surgeon flexibility operation, main shaft can realize rotation, extensional vibration simultaneously, and it is timely to be advantageous to bone bits Discharge and grinding efficiency height, catch water grinding head and use micro-bulge, have super hydrophilic and catch water-based energy, are changed so as to strengthen grinding area convection current Heat, reduce bone grinding temperature.
In addition, in order to be further ensured that the integrated level of device, device also includes endoscope, and endoscope mirror body and the electricity are main Shaft housing is fixed, and endoscope lens are located at the side for catching water mill tool.
Further, the ultrasonic vibration mechanism includes four layers of piezoelectric ceramic piece I, between adjacent two layers piezoelectric ceramic piece I The electrode slice being connected with the supersonic generator is set, and bottom piezoelectric ceramic piece I has by ultrasonic transformer I and described water mill of catching Top connects.
The spindle top, the bottom of ultrasonic transformer I are fixed each via taper roll bearing and described electro spindle shell.
The main shaft is connected by shaft coupling with connecting cylinder, and connecting cylinder bottom sets described piezoelectric ceramic piece I, main in electricity Sleeve is set on the inside of shaft housing, the brush being connected respectively with each electrode slice is set in sleeve.
Further, the ultrasonic vibration mechanism includes four layers of piezoelectric ceramic piece I, between adjacent two layers piezoelectric ceramic piece I The electrode slice being connected with the supersonic generator is set, and bottom piezoelectric ceramic piece I has by ultrasonic transformer I and described water mill of catching Top connects.
Further, the spindle top, the bottom of ultrasonic transformer I are each via outside taper roll bearing and described electro spindle Shell is fixed, and the surface of ultrasonic transformer I sets rectangular spiral groove, to realize that the longitrorse of main shaft resonates.
Further, the water mill tool of catching includes grinding tool handle, and spherical mounted point matrix, spherical mounted point are set in grinding tool handle bottom Matrix includes part sphere, and multiple octagonal cylinders are set on part sphere surface, and octagonal cylinder is vertically connected with setting successively, The micro-bulge of multiple flat columns is set on octagonal cylinder surface, is stained between the micro-bulge on octagonal cylinder surface Nanometer chorista film.
Further, the main shaft is connected by shaft coupling with connecting cylinder, and connecting cylinder bottom sets described piezoelectric ceramics Piece I, connecting cylinder longitudinal cross-section are H types, and sleeve is set on the inside of electro spindle shell, sets in sleeve and connects respectively with each electrode slice The brush set is connect or contacted, power interface II is set in electro spindle shell, power line passes through the one end of power interface II and brush Connection, the other end are connected with supersonic generator.
Further, the electro spindle cover top portion respectively sets end cap with bottom, and described catches water mill tool through bottom End cap is set, for convenience the maintenance to device, and end cap is fixed by fastener, gasket seal and electro spindle shell, and end cap Inner side sets projection effectively to be engaged with electro spindle shell.
Further, in order to ensure covered effect, ultrasonic vibration rod is set in the liquid storing cup, ultrasonic vibration rod with it is described Ultrasonic generator connection, ultrasonic wave is carried out to the medical nano fluid in tank body cup by the setting of ultrasonic vibration rod and shaken Swing, obtained superfine fibre is sprayed on post-surgical trauma face and forms tunica fibrosa, postoperative wound can be coated, to prevent wound Infection, wherein, ultrasonic transformer III is set at the top of ultrasound wave vibrating bar, and the top of ultrasonic transformer III sets four layers of piezoelectric ceramic piece III, adjacent The electrode slice being connected with the supersonic generator is set between two layers of piezoelectric ceramic piece III, is connected by screw top cover II, pressure Electroceramics piece III and ultrasonic transformer III.
In addition, set in order to ensure cabling, in electro spindle shell it is internal have optical-fibre channel II, have inside endoscope body with The optical-fibre channel I that optical-fibre channel II communicates.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1) apparatus of the present invention can realize the injection of nano-fluid, and nano-fluid is made by pneumatic, ultrasonic vibration and electrostatic With can obtain fine droplets, ensure the cooling effect to wound, and the piezoelectric element by being connected with ultrasonic wave mechanism is set Put, being efficiently injected into grinding area under the effect of focus ultrasonic device is exchanged heat, so as to reduce bone grinding temperature.
2) by the setting of micro-bulge, the setting of nanometer chorista film is coordinated so that catching water mill tool has super hydrophilic and catch Water-based energy, so as to strengthen grinding area heat convection, reduce bone grinding temperature.
3) main shaft is electro spindle, using electric brush type structure, overall structure small volume, solves traditional hand held surgical dress Put the problem of working space is big, operation technique difficulty is high, procedure efficiency is low, meeting bring unnecessary additional injury to patient；Behaviour Make convenient, flexible, solve the problems, such as in surgeon's surgical procedure easily tired.
4) by the setting of ultrasonic vibration rod, can be achieved to carry out ultrasonic vibration to liquid in liquid storing cup, can not only be effective The viscosity of electrostatic spinning solution and melt is reduced, the electrostatic of expansion instrument can spin concentration range, but also can effectively reduce fiber Diameter, drop low-fiber fault of construction, so as to improve the mechanical performance of spinning fibre, ensure the spinning body for wound dressing It is that post-surgical trauma face is sprayed in the form of spinning fibre after three-level is atomized, realizes to being ground at the atomization film forming protection of wound face Reason.
5) by the connection of nozzle and nano-fluid, compressed gas, can be achieved to the pneumatic of medical nano fluid coolant Atomization, by the setting of electrode, the Electrostatic Treatment to droplet can be achieved, then coordinate cavitation of the ultrasonic transformer to drop, so Fine droplets are obtained after pneumatic-ultrasound-electrostatic three-level atomization to the medical nano fluid at working face, utilize focus ultrasonic Nano-fluid drop is injected grinding tool/bone wedge shape constraint space by effect, effectively carries out cooling and lubricating to grinding area.
6) whole device structure is small, and integrated level is high, is flexibly and easily operated in narrow operative space beneficial to surgeon.
Brief description of the drawings
The Figure of description for forming the part of the application is used for providing further understanding of the present application, and the application's shows Meaning property embodiment and its illustrate be used for explain the application, do not form the improper restriction to the application.
Fig. 1 is the low controllable grinding process of damage of electrostatic atomization ultrasonic assistant biological bone and device general assembly drawing；
Fig. 2 is longitrorse resonance rotary ultrasonic electro spindle sectional view；
Fig. 3 is the ultrasonic structural scheme of mechanism in part；
Fig. 4 is ultrasonic transformer index section function；
Fig. 5 (a), 5 (b) are rectangular spiral groove ultrasonic transformer force analysis figure；
Fig. 6 (a), 6 (b) are triangle fence group groove ultrasonic transformer；
Fig. 7 is that water mill tool is caught in a kind of grinding of neurosurgery skull；
Fig. 8 is grinding tool handle enlarged top view；
Fig. 9 is that drop YoungShi soaks model；
Figure 10 is that drop Wenzel soaks model；
Figure 11 is that drop Cassie soaks model；
Figure 12 is drop pinning effect schematic diagram；
Figure 13 is that Wenzel soaks model three-phase Contact Boundary；
Figure 14 is that Cassie soaks model three-phase Contact Boundary；
Figure 15 is square column convex body micro-structure surface dimensional drawing；
Figure 16 has bistrique matrix and sectional view to catch water mill；
Figure 17 (a) is bistrique front view sectional view；
Figure 17 (b) is bistrique top view sectional view；
Figure 18 is the focus ultrasonic nozzle sectional view that three-level is atomized focus adjustable；
Figure 19 is nozzle body and ultrasonic transformer connection figure；
Figure 20 is pneumatic-electrostatic atomization nozzle sectional view；
Figure 21 is spherical crown shape transducer enclosure spherical crown shape part assembling figure and its upward view；
Figure 22 is focus adjustable transducer schematic diagram；
Figure 23 is electrostatic spinning schematic diagram；
Figure 24 is cooling and film forming mechanism fluid path and air-channel system figure；
Figure 25 is cooling and film forming mechanism and electro spindle connection figure；
Figure 26 is ultrasonic vibration rod semi-cutaway；
Figure 27 is installation diagram of the endoscope in electro spindle shell；
Figure 28 is mirror body internal view.
Wherein, 1- longitrorses resonance rotary ultrasonic electro spindle, 2- catch water mill tool, 3- endoscopes, 4- coolings and film forming mechanism, 5- Supersonic generator, 6- liquid storing cups, 7- ultrasound wave vibrating bars；
101- end caps I, 102- pads I, 103- electro spindle shells, 104- main shafts, 105- power interfaces I, 106- power lines I, 107- stator winding, 108- rotor windings, 109- shaft couplings, 1010- screwed holes I, 1011- connecting cylinders, the short brushes of 1012-, 1013- power interfaces II, 1014- power lines II, 1015- electrode slices I, 1016- sleeves, 1017- ultrasonic transformers I, the rolling of 1018- circular cones Sub- bearing I, 1019- screwed holes II, 1020- screwed holes III, 1021- pads II, 1022- end caps II, 1023- sealing rings, 1024- Spring washer I, 1025- screws I, 1026- screwed holes IV, 1027- screwed holes V, 1028- piezoelectric ceramic pieces I, 1029- electrode slices The long brush of II, 1030-, 1031- electrode slices III, 1032- spring washers II, 1033- central screws I, 1034- taper roll bearings II, 1035- screw II, 1036- spring washers III；
201- grinding tool handles, 202- bistrique matrixes；202-1- part spheres, 202-2- octagonal cylinders, 202-3- flat columns Micro-bulge, 202-4- nanometer chorista films；301- screws III, 302- spring washers IV, 303- mirror bodies, 304- screws IV, 305- Spring washer V, 306- optical-fibre channels, 307- optical-fibre channels II, 308- cold light illumination light source Transmission Fibers, 309- endoscopic fibers, 3010- fluorescence excitation optical delivery fibers, 3011- image transmitting optical fiber；
401- central screws II, 402- spring washers VI, 403- top covers I, 404- spherical crown shape transducer enclosures, 405- electric shocks Encourage signal wire I, 406- electrode slices IV, 407- feed tubes, 408- air inlet pipe, 409- high-tension bus-bars, 4010- electric excitation signal lines II, 4011- planar wafer piezoelectric element, 4012- copper mesh public electrodes, 4013- electrostatic atomization nozzles, 4014- ultrasonic transformers II, 4015- piezoelectric ceramic pieces II, 4016- electrode slices V, 4017- electric excitation signals line III, 4018- electrode slices VI, 4019- screws V, 4020- spring washer VII, 4021- connecting plates I, 4022- screws VI, 4023- spring washers VIII, 4024- screws VII, 4025- Spring washer Ⅸ, 4026- connecting plates II, 4027- HV generators, 4028- syringe pumps, 4029- spinning mediums, 4030- Metal electrode, 4031- fiber jets, 4032- receiver boards；4033- screws VIII, 4034- spring washers Ⅹ, 4035- screws Ⅸ, 4036- spring washers Ⅺ, 4037- connecting plates III, 4038- connecting rods；
4013-1- screwed holes VI, 4013-2- nozzle bodies, compressed gas passage built in 4013-3-, 4013-4- compressed gas Passage, 4013-5- three-phase flow accelerating chamber, 4013-6- minor air cells, 4013-7- high-tension electricity entrance holes, 4013-8- electrode trays, 4013-9- needle electrodes, 4013-10- positioning threads rings, 4013-11- rotation direction compressed gas passages, 4013-12- screwed holes VII, 4013-13- nano-fluid entrances, 4013-14- compressed gas entrances；4014-1- feed pathways, 4014-2- inlet channels；
601- air compressors, 602- filters, 603- air accumulators, 604- pressure gauges, 605- pressure regulator valves I, 606- throttlings Valve I, 607- turbine flowmeters I, 608- liquid storing cups I, 609- hydraulic pumps I, 6010- reversal valves I, 6011- pressure regulator valves II, 6012- Liquid storing cup II, 6013- hydraulic pumps II, 6014- reversal valves II, 6015- pressure regulator valves III, 6016- choke valves II, 6017- turbine flows Gauge II, 6018- collection boxes, 6019- overflow valves；
701- screws Ⅹ, 702- spring washers Ⅻ, 703- top covers II, 704- transducer enclosures, 705- electric excitation signal lines IV, 706- electrode slice VII, 707- ultrasonic transformers III, 708- vibrating heads, 709- piezoelectric ceramic pieces III, 7010- electrode slices VIII, 7011- Electric excitation signal line V, 7012- electrode slices Ⅸ, 7013- spring washers Ⅹ III, 7014- central screws III.
Embodiment
It is noted that described further below is all exemplary, it is intended to provides further instruction to the application.It is unless another Indicate, all technologies used herein and scientific terminology are with usual with the application person of an ordinary skill in the technical field The identical meanings of understanding.
It should be noted that term used herein above is merely to describe embodiment, and be not intended to restricted root According to the illustrative embodiments of the application.As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, otherwise singulative It is also intended to include plural form, additionally, it should be understood that, when in this manual using term "comprising" and/or " bag Include " when, it indicates existing characteristics, step, operation, device, component and/or combinations thereof.
As background technology is introduced, the deficiencies in the prior art, in order to solve technical problem as above, this Shen It please propose a kind of neurosurgery focus ultrasonic auxiliary three-level atomization cooling and postoperative wound film formation device.
In a kind of typical embodiment of the application, three-level is aided in as shown in figure 18 for a kind of neurosurgery focus ultrasonic Atomization cools down and postoperative wound film formation device, top cover I 403, piezoelectric ceramic piece II 4015, electrode slice IV 406, electrode in the device Piece V 4016 and electrode slice VI 4018 are closely connected by central screw II 401 and spring washer VI 402 with ultrasonic transformer II 4014, IV 406 groups of spherical crown shape transducer enclosure 404, electrode slice V 4016, piezoelectric ceramic piece II 4015, electrode slice VI 4018 and electrode slice Into transducer, during work, supersonic generator 5 converts alternating current to high-frequency electrical oscillator signal and passes through electric excitation signal line I 405th, electric excitation signal line III 4017 is delivered separately to electrode slice IV 406, electrode slice V 4016 and electrode slice VI 4018, by high frequency Electric oscillation signal is converted into axial dither, and ultrasonic transformer II 4014 is closely connected with piezoelectric ceramic piece II 4015, realizes amplitude Amplification, with to nano-fluid carry out ultrasonic cavitation.Spherical crown shape transducer enclosure 404 is by screw V 4019 and spring washer VII 4020 are closely connected with top cover I 403.
As shown in FIG. 19 and 20, the upper end of electrostatic atomization nozzle 4013 is threaded the 4013-1 of hole VI, screwed hole VII 4013-12, electrostatic atomization nozzle 4013 pass through screw VI 4022, screw VII 4024 by connecting plate I 4021 and connecting plate II 4026 And spring washer VIII 4023, spring washer Ⅸ 4025 are fixed on the lower end of ultrasonic transformer II 4014.Figure 21 show electrostatic atomization nozzle Sectional view, nozzle body is complicated to be not easy to fabricate, and requires certain insulating properties, therefore is passed through using ceramic material Quick shaping process fabricates.The compressed gas entered by compressed gas entrance 4013-14 is via built-in compressed gas passage 4013-3, mixing chamber is entered to set tangential velocity by rotation direction compressed gas passage 4013-11, and by nano-fluid entrance The nano-fluid that 4013-13 enters is mixed to form gases at high pressure, physiological saline, solid nanoparticles three-phase flow, passes through accelerating chamber 4013-5 accelerates, and the 4013-6 compressions with entering by minor air cell compressed gas passage 4013-4 herein in minor air cell are entered after acceleration Air forms vortex, three-phase flow is further mixed, and then forms droplet through nozzle body 4013-2 outlet ejections.After droplet sprays By the drift region of needle electrode 4013-9 corona discharges and the electron collision of drift so as to charged, in electric field after droplets It is controllable under power, aerodynamic force and Action of Gravity Field to spray to workpiece surface.
Electrode tray 4013-8 is made up of insulating materials, and a high-tension electricity entrance hole is provided with electrode tray 4013-8 4013-7.As shown in figure 20, electrode tray 4013-8 circumferentially 8 electrode slots of array, by needle electrode 4013-9 (with electrode Slot is interference fitted, and is clamped by the elastic deformation force of insulating materials) it is arranged in electrode slot, will be each with high-tension bus-bar 409 Needle electrode 4013-9 is together in series, and picks out through hole from high-tension bus-bar pallet and pick out.Positioning threads ring 4013-10 is primarily served Keeper electrode pallet 4013-8 effect.
Electrostatic atomization mechanism：
When there is higher relative velocity between drop and the gas of surrounding, the division of drop is by Pneumatic pressure, surface What tension force and viscous force controlled.For the relatively low liquid of viscosity, the broken of drop is mainly determined by Pneumatic pressure and surface tension. Pneumatic pressure suffered by big drop is 0.5 ρgΔV2, wherein ρgIt is gas density, Δ V is gas-liquid relative velocity.However, surface It is broken that cohesive force caused by power will hinder drop to deform, and cohesive force can be expressed as 4 σ/D, and σ is the intrinsic surface of liquid Power, D are initial drop diameter.When liquid-drop diameter reduces, cohesive force increases, the tension two caused by cohesive force and Pneumatic pressure When person balances, drop keeps stable, if both can not cancel each other, drop will deform even broken.According to acting on drop On aerodynamic force caused by both cohesive force balance caused by tension and surface tension principle, dimensionless number can be drawn：
Understand, when We is more than 8, drop force unbalance, to deform.It can be obtained according further to (1) relative with Δ V The maximum steady state liquid-drop diameter answered：
In the presence of Coulomb repulsion, surface tension dies down charged droplet, and the surface tension value after dying down is：
In formula：R is droplet radius；Q is the carrying capacity of drop；ε is surrounding air dielectric constant.It can be seen that from formula (3) When carried charge q increases, reduction in surface tension, help to be atomized it can thus be appreciated that droplet surface is charged.The now We of charged droplet It can be expressed as：
Broken and gas-liquid relative velocity, the gas-liquid physical parameter of charged droplet and filled from formula (4), in high velocity air Electric field has close relationship.In addition, if drop reaches stable state in the gas flow, on lotus after electrostatic, the increase of We numbers, liquid table Face tension force reduces, and is insufficiently resistant to Pneumatic pressure, drop will further be deformed, crushed, so in gas-liquid parameter identical In the case of, mist droplet particle size is smaller after electrostatic on lotus, so as to reach the purpose of refinement droplets particles；Droplet surface identical electricity simultaneously Lotus, it is ensured that the distribution of drop is more uniform.Therefore, the device can be realized after pneumatic and ultrasonic atomizatio again by electrostatic atomization, altogether It is atomized through three-level, finally gives the fine droplets being evenly distributed.
As shown in figure 21, around the concentric circles r at center1、r2、r3、r4、r5It is upper to be distributed 8,16,24,32,40 circles respectively Aperture, circular aperture are nested with cohesive planar wafer piezoelectric element 4011, all diameters of planar wafer piezoelectric element 4011, thickness It is all identical.In the lower end of planar wafer piezoelectric element 4011 covered with copper mesh public electrode 4012, with adhesive by copper mesh common electrical Pole 4012 is bonded with all planar wafer piezoelectric elements 4011, and the bottom surface of spherical crown shape part is compressed using pressure platform so that copper Net public electrode 4012 is bonding with planar wafer piezoelectric element 4011 hold level with both hands it is whole.Radius is respectively r1、r2、r3、r4、r5Circle on The upper surface electric excitation signal line II 4010 of all planar wafer piezoelectric elements 4011 be connected in all the way, it is and independent by power supply all the way Excitation, form a branch road.
Westervelt Acoustic Wave Propagation equations are：
In formula：▽ is Laplace operator；P is acoustic pressure；c0And ρ0The respectively velocity of sound and density of medium；β=1+B/ (2A) For sound wave nonlinear factor, B/A is the nonlinear factor of fluid media (medium)；δ=2c0 3α/ω2For sound wave diffusion coefficient；α is absorption Coefficient；The π f of ω=2 are angular frequency；F is frequency.
Centered difference is carried out to formula (5) using Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method, difierence equation is：
Wherein, I, j, k are respectively the coordinate of three change in coordinate axis direction of x, y, z under rectangular coordinate system；dx、dy、 Dz represents the spatial mesh size of three change in coordinate axis direction of x, y, z respectively；Dt is time step；N is the calculating moment.
As shown in figure 22, SIN function point source of students S is set at goal-focus S0(t), numerical simulation obtains passing to phased Battle array numbering is the sound pressure signal S of m array element central points0m(t) after, the signal is inverted in temporal sequence, corresponding array element m is obtained Signal S0m(T-t).Utilize least square function the Fitting Calculation interior S for a period of time0m(T-t) relative initial phase delay Δ tm, then sinusoidal signal amplitude is modulated with the same input sound intensity, array element m pumping signal is：
S0m(t)=P0sin(ω(t+Δtm)) (7)
The regulation and control for realizing each array element phase by carrying out regulation and control to array element pumping signal so that each array element reaches space point The acoustic beam of (setting focus) has identical phase, final to realize Jiao by controlling acoustic beam shape, acoustic pressure distribution, acoustic beam angle Spot size and position it is continuous, dynamic is adjustable.
Figure 18 show the focus ultrasonic nozzle sectional view of three-level atomization focus adjustable, and Figure 23 is spinning schematic diagram, such as schemes Shown, spinning medium 4029 is polymer solution or melt, and it is mounted in syringe pump 4028, and inserts a metal electrode 4030.The electrode is connected with HV generator 4027, makes liquid powered.The receiver board 4032 of ground connection is used as negative electrode.Electric field When not actuated, give piston one continuous constant thrust by syringe pump 4028, the spinning medium 4029 in syringe pump 4028 is with solid Constant speed rate is expressed on syringe needle.When high voltage electric field is not opened, association of the spinning solution in its gravity, oneself viscosity and surface tension Drop is formed under same-action and hangs on spout.When electric field is opened, polymer solution surface can produce electric charge, electric charge it is mutually exclusive and The compression of opposite charges electrode pair surface charge, it can produce a kind of power opposite with surface tension.When voltage is not big enough, drop The surface tension on surface will prevent drop from spraying and be maintained at nozzle.When additional voltage increase, the drop that will drip Dome-type surface will be twisted into a cone, continue to increase applied voltage, when the voltage exceeds some critical value, band in solution Electric part overcomes the surface tension of solution to form one powered injection stream to spray at nozzle.In the presence of electric field, work as fibre When dimension jet 4031 is stretched to a certain degree, it will bend and further divide stretching phenomenon, now due to jet 4031 specific surface area increases rapidly and solvent is quickly volatilized, and is finally collected on collecting net and is formed by curing non-woven cloth The fibrofelt of shape.HV generator 4027 selects 5~20kV high pressure under normal circumstances, in addition, positive voltage field is advantageous to The release of fiber surface electric charge, and negative voltage field energy provides relatively stable electric field force, both are to different polymeric electrostatic mists Chemical conversion film has Different Effects.
Electrostatic spinning basic theories：
After charged drop is introduced into electric field, accumulation drives drop outwards to divide in droplet surface so as to produce one The charge repulsion split (is expressed as the static pressure P on charged drop surfaceE=σ2/2ε0, with droplet surface charge density σ and vacuum Medium dielectric constant microwave medium ε0It is relevant), its surface tension for tending to make droplet retracts with droplet surface (is expressed as shower nozzle end liquid Surface tension γ, the pressure P relevant with droplet radius RC=2 γ/R) a kind of balance of unstable state is formed, this balance can be used Following formula represents：
Δ P=2 γ/R-e2/(32ε0π2R4) (8)
In formula, the total electrical charge of e- drops institute band；R- droplet radius.
As can be seen that when droplet radius reduces (charge density increase), pressure will increase as caused by electrostatic.Work as liquid When tension force caused by drop surface is equal with electrostatic repulsion, the charged drop in electric field reaches balance, it is assumed that now with electro-hydraulic A diameter of D of drop, is converted into the charge density of droplet surface, can obtain following formula：
In formula, the quality of M- drops.
When charge repulsion exceedes this limit, the drop of shower nozzle end will split into multiple droplets, form electrostatic Atomizating phenomenon.The limit of this droplets stable is referred to as " Rayleigh stability limit ".Assuming that liquid jet is cylinder, then " auspicious The condition of sharp stability limit " can be represented with following formula：
Δ P=γ/R- τ2/(8ε0π2R4) (10)
In formula, the electric charge of τ-liquid jet length unit institute band, the charge density for being converted into jet surface is：
As can be seen from the above equation, when reaching the condition of " Rayleigh stability limit ", cylindrical jet is formed in Taylor's poppet surface Required charge ratio electrostatic atomization is small, and this special case is exactly electrostatic spinning.
The calculation formula of critical voltage from taylor cone top injection exit flow is：
V2C=(4H2/L2)·[ln(2L/R)-1.5]·(0.117πγR0) (12)
In formula：The distance between electrodes of H- two；L- shower nozzles stretch out the distance of pole plate；The radius of R- hanging drops；R0- shower nozzle half Footpath.
The power that pendant drop surface is subject to mainly has electric field force, glutinous stress, hydrostatic pressure difference and surface tension to cause Pressure differential.When the tangential electric field force on pendant drop surface is more than tangentially glutinous stress, one-jet or more jets are formed；Conversely, Form drop.
As shown in Fig. 2 end cap I 101 and end cap II 1022 play a part of to bearing axially position, dust-proof and sealing, difference It is fixed on screw II 1035, spring washer III 1036 and screw I 1025, spring washer I 1024 on electro spindle shell 103.By Grinding attachment and horizontal direction are angled when in practical operation, therefore main shaft 104 and ultrasonic transformer I 1017 will be born The axially and radially power of both direction, therefore device uses taper roll bearing II 1034 and taper roll bearing I 1018.Circular cone Roller bearing II 1034 is positioned by end cap I 101 and the shaft shoulder of main shaft 104, and taper roll bearing I 1018 is by the shaft shoulder of ultrasonic transformer I 1017 Positioned with end cap II 1022.End cap II 1022 uses sealing ring 1023 to seal to prevent lubricating oil from leaking, while can also prevent outer Boundary's dust enters in electro spindle, and this exterior seal ring 1023 can also reduce friction.Pad I 102 and pad II 1021 can adjust Bearing clearance, clearance, the heat in rotation process of main shaft 104 are expanded, and the thermal stretching of main shaft is adjusted by pad.Stator winding 107 and electro spindle shell 103 are integral, fixed under the conduction of power line I 106 when power interface I 105 switches on power Sub- winding 107 is powered produces rotating excitation field, plays the role of electric current in rotor windings 108 and is rotated by and by magnetic field, due to master Axle 104 is integral with rotor windings 108, so as to which main shaft 104 rotates.Main shaft 104 passes through shaft coupling 109 and screwed hole I 1010 It is connected and rotates with connecting cylinder 1011, and connecting cylinder 1011 passes through central screw I 1033 and the band moving electrode of spring washer II 1032 Piece I 1015, electrode slice II 1029, electrode slice III 1031, piezoelectric ceramic piece I 1028, ultrasonic transformer I 1017 rotate.
Fig. 3 is the ultrasonic structural scheme of mechanism in part.Electrode slice III 1031 and electrode slice II 1029 are after the extraction of connecting cylinder 1011 Connection.During work, supersonic generator 5 converts alternating current to high-frequency electrical oscillator signal, by power interface II 1013 and power supply Line II 1014 is delivered separately to electrode slice I 1015, electrode by short brush 1012, the long brush 1030 being fixed on sleeve 1016 Piece III 1031 and electrode slice II 1029, high-frequency electrical oscillator signal is converted into by axial dither by piezoelectric ceramic piece I 1028, But the vibration amplitude is smaller, it is impossible to meets the amplitude requirement needed for skull grinding.Therefore, the lower end of piezoelectric ceramic piece I 1028 with Ultrasonic transformer I 1017 closely connects, so as to realize the amplification of amplitude.Finally, the amplitude by amplification is passed into grinding tool, makes grinding tool Produce the vibration that disclosure satisfy that processing request.
Fig. 4 is ultrasonic transformer index section function, in the case of simple harmonic oscillation, what extensional vibration was propagated in variable cross-section ultrasonic transformer Wave equation：
In formula：ξ is the displacement function of extensional vibration；K is circular wavenumber, and k=ω/c, ω are angular frequency,For compressional wave Spread speed in ultrasonic transformer；E is young modulus of material.
As shown in figure 4, ultrasonic transformer is S in the cross-sectional area of the origin of coordinates (at x=0)1, the cross-sectional area at x=l is S2； And it is respectively F to act on the power of ultrasonic transformer input (at x=0) and output end (at x=l) and longitudinal vibrations speed1, ξ1' and F2, ξ2′.The function of exponential horn circular section radius is：
R=R1e-βx (14)
In formula：N is area function,The solution of formula (13) can be tried to achieve For：
In formula：
In order to facilitate calculating, time factor e omits in provincejωt, then the expression formula of Strain Distribution：
The boundary condition of ultrasonic transformer is that both ends are free：
According to boundary condition (17) and formula (15), formula (16), a can be obtained1=ξ1,, can in substitution formula (15) Obtain the Displacements Distribution equation of particle vertically：
It can be drawn according to formula (18)：
Frequency equation K ' l=n π are updated in formula (19), can obtain the magnification M of exponential type ultrasonic transformerP：
MP=eβl=N (20)
Fig. 5 (a), Fig. 5 (b) are the rectangular spiral groove force analysis figure of ultrasonic transformer I 1017.As seen from the figure, can by helicla flute Power is decomposed into axial force FLAnd tangential force FT, the relation between them：
In formula：θ is spiral angle of groove inclination.
From mechanical vibration theory, FTProduce twisting vibration, FLProduce extensional vibration.Moment of torsion M at helicla flute can table It is shown as：
M=∫ rfdS (22)
In formula：R be helicoid on any point to central axis distance；F is that the tangential of any point on helicoid should Power；DS is the differential at r, and：
S=π r2-π(r-r1)2,r1<r<r2 (23)
In formula：r1For the distance of spiral trench bottom to central axis；r2To arrive the distance of central axis at the top of helicla flute.It is right Formula (23) carries out derivation and obtained：
DS=2 π r1dr (24)
Formula (24) is substituted into formula (22) to obtain：
It can be obtained after formula (25) integration：
From formula (26), extensional vibration can be not only produced using helicla flute, twisting vibration can also be produced, so as to real Vertical-torsion complex vibration of existing ultrasonic transformer.Helicla flute can be rectangular spiral groove or circular arc helicla flute, or triangle, rectangle Or trapezoidal fence group groove, compressional wave can all be decomposed, so as to motivate twisting vibration.Fig. 6 (a), Fig. 6 (b) are triangle Fence group groove ultrasonic transformer sectional view, screwed hole and the central screw I 1033 of the upper end of ultrasonic transformer I 1017 are fastenedly connected, lower end Screwed hole is fastenedly connected with grinding tool handle 201, and the hand of spiral of two threaded connections is opposite to the direction of rotation.
As shown in fig. 7, catching water mill tool 2 includes grinding tool handle 201 and bistrique matrix 202.Fig. 8 is the top of grinding tool handle 201, grinding tool The upper end of handle 201 is threaded, and is fastenedly connected with the lower end screwed hole of ultrasonic transformer I 1017.
Fig. 9 is drop in the wetting condition of smooth planar surface, βeFor drop smooth planar surface intrinsic contact angle (Young models), Figure 10 and Figure 11 are wetting state of the drop in rough surface, respectively Wenzel and Cassie models.
Wenzel models think that the presence of rough surface causes actual solid-liquid contact area to be more than apparent geometrical contact face Product, is geometrically enhancing hydrophily (or hydrophobicity).As shown in Figure 10, it is assumed that the groove knot that drop fills up on surface all the time Structure, apparent contact angle the β * and β of rough surfaceeRelation：
Cos β *=r (γSG-γSL)/γLG=r cos βe (27)
In formula：γSG、γSL、γLGRespectively solid-gas, solid-liquid, liquid-gas contact interfacial surface tension；R is material surface Volume roughness factor, is the ratio between real contact area and apparent contact area, r >=1.Therefore, it is coarse by changing the surface of solids Degree, can regulate and control apparent contact angle, so as to change the wettability of the surface of solids.
Such as Figure 11, in Cassie models, it is believed that the contact of drop on a rough surface is a kind of composite contact, and drop is not The groove that can be filled up on rough surface, have entrapped air under recessed middle drop, so as to the liquid-solid contact on apparent really by Liquid-solid gentle-affixed touch collectively constitutes, from thermodynamics：
DG=fs(γSL-γSG)dx+(1-fs)γLG dx+γLG dxcosβ* (28)
When drop balances, the apparent contact angle β * of rough surface are the intrinsic contact angle β of smooth planar surfaceeWith 180 ° put down Average：
Cos β *=fs(1+cosβe)-1 (29)
In formula：fsFor the area fraction (f shared by projection solid in composite contact faces<1)。
It is three-phase Contact Boundary to influence the most important factor of surface drop dynamic behaviour.As shown in figure 12, when drop balances, Contact angle is β (state d)；A small amount of liquid is added, solid-liquid-gas three-phase Contact Boundary remains stationary as, and contact angle inevitably enlarges β2 (state e)；, whereas if extract a small amount of liquid, while keep that solid-liquid-gas three-phase Contact Boundary is motionless, and contact angle is necessarily reduced To β1(state c).Assuming that solid-liquid-gas three-phase Contact Boundary only has 3 interfacial tensions, during balance, state d, e, c have：
If the drop sprawled in balance under position is wanted to continue to sprawl, it is necessary to overcome solid to Contact Boundary along solid wall surface Pinning effect.It is ground in neurosurgery skull in cooling procedure, constantly has coolant to enter grinding area.Previous drop coolant Drop sprawls into liquid film after impinging upon bone surface with certain speed and angle, is to cooling and the best state of lubricity effect Later drop continues to sprawl when impinging upon previous dropping liquid drop present position, i.e., coolant drop can overcome coarse bone surface to it The pinning effect of Contact Boundary.Dotted line in Figure 13,14 be respectively in Wenzel and Cassie wetting state drops it is solid- Liquid-gas three-phase Contact Boundary.As seen from the figure, the drop three-phase Contact Boundary of Wenzel models is longer and continuous, and Cassie moulds The drop three-phase Contact Boundary of type is shorter and discontinuous.When three-phase Contact Boundary is longer and consecutive hours, drop along solid wall surface after Continuous sprawl needs the energy barrier crossed over low, and pinning-go pinning to change easily occurs for three-phase Contact Boundary, thus sprawls characteristic It is good；When three-phase Contact Boundary is shorter and discontinuous, drop hysteresis effect is obvious, and it is poor to sprawl characteristic.
Because human skull surface is unknowable to parent/hydrophobicity of coolant drop and can not control, can be ground by designing The tool micro- texture in surface makes grinding tool water-based with catching, so as to improve the cooling of medical nano fluid drop and greasy property.Comprehensive pair The analysis of the wetting state and solid-liquid of coolant drop-gas three-phase Contact Boundary, it is known that drop impinges upon the micro- texture surface of grinding tool Afterwards, sprawling for smaller contact angle can occur, and pinning effect of the grinding tool to its Contact Boundary, i.e. drop wetting state can be overcome more It is that cooling is ground to skull and lubricates best surface close to Wenzel models.And micro-bulge structure is than micro- bowl configurations more Be advantageous to prevent Wenzel/Cassie wetting states from changing, be more suitable for preparation and catch water mill tool.
Square column convex body micro-structure surface dimensional drawing as shown in figure 15, micro-bulge size are a × a, a height of h, between micro-bulge Away from for b, the area fraction f in roughness factor r and contact surface shared by projection solidsFor：
Introduce two three-dimensional surface feature values：σ=b/a, τ=h/a, formula (31) is substituted into (27), (29) can obtain：
From formula (32), for Wenzel models, when σ is constant, improving τ can make hydrophobic material more hydrophobic, hydrophilic material Expect more hydrophilic；When τ is constant, reducing σ can make that hydrophobic material is more hydrophobic, and water wetted material is more hydrophilic.
From formula (33), for Cassie models, the certain β of certain hydrophobic materiale(90 ° of ＞), if to improve material The hydrophobic performance (i.e. bigger β *) of material is, it is necessary to which σ is bigger；And for the certain β of water wetted materiale(90 ° of ＜), if to improve material The hydrophilicity (i.e. smaller β *) of material is, it is necessary to which σ is smaller.
Analyzed based on more than, water mill tool is caught in the skull grinding of design neurosurgery.Grinding tool material is stainless using 420b or 630 Steel, it is the current clinical most widely used material of skull operation, and the YoungShi contact angles of itself and water fluid are 85 °, i.e., Material inherently has slightly water-wet, more favourable to preparing ultra-hydrophilic surface.Figure 16 has bistrique matrix and sectional view to catch water mill, such as Shown in Figure 16, bistrique matrix 202 is made up of 11 octagonal cylinder 202-2 and part sphere 202-1, octagonal cylinder 202-2 Splicing up and down successively, part sphere 202-1 is located at the top of octagonal cylinder, and part sphere 202-1 is connected with grinding tool handle 201, And it is R that octagonal cylinder edge is distributed in radius with part sphere1Circle on.
From formula (32), when the micro-bulge length of side and constant spacing, nano-fluid drop can be made more by improving micro-bulge height Hydrophilic, shown in design bistrique matrix microstructure such as Figure 17 (a) and Figure 17 (b), grinding tool rotary speed is ω, each octagonal cylinder Upper uniform flat column micro-bulge 202-3, convex body 202-3 edge distribution are R in radius2Circle on.Micro-bulge 202-3 feature chis It is very little in micron order, while sticking to nano-fluid drop, also act as the effect that abrasive particle is cut bone material, square column Rib be cutting edge.Micro-bulge is arranged in matrix surface by welding manner.
The water-borne dispersions of water-soluble polymer and non-soluble polymer are put on by 420b (or 630) by droplet casting method Stainless steel surfaces simultaneously place drying.In the drying process, water-soluble polymer and non-soluble polymer experience are separated, 420b stainless steels form nanometer chorista and non-nano chorista film are formed on nanometer chorista.It is clear by using deionized water Wash away and remove non-nano chorista film, can obtain a nanometer chorista film 202-4.Due to intermolecular rearrangement, nanometer chorista film 202-4 Tightly it is adhered between the micro-bulge 202-3 on the surface of bistrique matrix 202.Because nanometer chorista film 202-4 has Superhydrophilic Characteristic simultaneously catches outlet capacity with strong.Therefore, the nanometer chorista film 202-4 of nano thickness can convert 420b stainless steel surfaces For ultra-hydrophilic surface, while there is the characteristic of capture medical nano fluid coolant moisture film.
Fig. 1 show a kind of low controllable grinding attachment schematic diagram of damage of biological bone, main comprising longitrorse resonance rotary ultrasonic electricity Axle 1, catch water mill tool 2, endoscope 3, the three-level atomization cooling of focus ultrasonic auxiliary and the film forming mechanism 4 of focus adjustable, ultrasonic wave hair Raw device 5, liquid storing cup 6, ultrasound wave vibrating bar 7.Longitrorse resonance rotary ultrasonic electro spindle 1 can realize the vertical-torsion and rotation of ultrasonic transformer Motion, clamping safe and efficient can be removed after catching water mill tool 2 under the auxiliary of endoscope 3 to pathology bone tissue；Cooling and film forming Mechanism 4 carries out pneumatic-ultrasound-electrostatic three-level atomization to medical nano fluid, finally with drops under focus ultrasonic effect Grinding area is poured effectively cool down and lubricate；Postoperative wound is coated simultaneously, to prevent infected wound；Ultrasonic activation Rod 7 can carry out supersonic oscillations to the medical nano fluid (or medical spinning medium) in liquid storing cup 6, to prevent nano-particle Reunite and (reduce spinning medium viscosity).Wherein, longitrorse resonance rotary ultrasonic electro spindle 1, cooling are shaken with film forming mechanism 4 and ultrasonic wave Dynamic rod 7 shares a supersonic generator 5.
As shown in figure 19, when containing medical nano fluid in liquid storing cup 6, pneumatic to nano-fluid and ultrasonic mist can be achieved Electrostatic atomization is carried out after change again, the fine droplets being evenly distributed, grinding area is carried out effectively to cool down and lubricate；Work as liquid storing cup When the electrostatic spinning system applied to wound dressing is contained in 6, superfine fibre is similarly can obtain, postoperative wound is coated. Figure 24 show the fluid path and air-channel system figure of the device, cools down the fluid path (nano-fluid) with film forming mechanism by liquid storing cup I 608th, hydraulic pump I 609, pressure regulator valve II 6011, choke valve II 6016, turbine flowmeter II 6017 are sequentially connected composition；Film forming fills The fluid path (spinning medium) put is by liquid storing cup II 6012, hydraulic pump II 6013, pressure regulator valve III 6015, choke valve II 6016, turbine Flow meter II 6017 is sequentially connected composition；Gas circuit by air compressor 601, filter 602, air accumulator 603, pressure regulator valve I 605, Choke valve I 606, turbine flowmeter I 607 are sequentially connected composition.During work, start hydraulic pump, the fluid being stored in fluid reservoir Nozzle body 4013-2 nano-fluid entrance 4013-13 is entered through fluid pressure regulator valve, flow restriction valve and turbine flowmeter.Overflow Stream valve 6019 plays a part of safety valve, and when the pressure in fluid path exceedes set pressure, overflow valve 6019 is opened, and makes cooling agent It is flow back into through overflow valve 6019 in collection box 6018.Nano-fluid (or spinning medium) flows out laggard from turbine flowmeter II 6017 Enter feed tube 407 (Figure 18), nanometer built in nozzle body is entered by feed pathway 4014-1 (Figure 19) built in ultrasonic transformer II 4014 Fluid intake 4013-13 (Figure 20), sprayed after three-level is atomized from nozzle body 4013-2.
While starting hydraulic pump, start air compressor 601, gases at high pressure are by filter 602, air accumulator 603, gas Pressure regulator valve I 605, gas throttling valve I 606 and gas turbine meter I 607 enter nozzle body 4013-2 compressed gas entrance 4013-14, pressure gauge 604 monitor the pressure value in gas circuit.Compressed gas enters air inlet pipe after the outflow of turbine flowmeter I 607 408 (Figure 18), compressed gas entrance built in nozzle body is entered by inlet channel 4014-2 (Figure 19) built in ultrasonic transformer II 4014 4013-14 (Figure 20), sprayed after being mixed with nano-fluid from nozzle body 4013-2.
In surgical procedure, reversal valve II 6014 is in the normal state position, and the fluid path of liquid storing cup II 6012 is obstructed；At reversal valve I 6010 In working position, the fluid path normal work of liquid storing cup I 608；After operation terminates, reversal valve I 6010 is closed, opens reversal valve II 6014, The fluid path of liquid storing cup II 6012 works.By adjusting the pressure regulator valve in gas circuit and fluid path, choke valve and flowmeter, nano-fluid (or Spinning medium) and the micro lubricating effect that can be optimal as needed of the pressure of gases at high pressure, flow.
As shown in figure 25, the one end of connecting rod 4038 is welded on top cover I 403, and one end is welded on connecting plate III 4037.Electricity Hole IV 1026, screwed hole V 1027 are threaded in main shaft shell 103, cooling is with film forming mechanism by screw VIII 4033, spring Packing ring Ⅹ 4034, screw Ⅸ 4035, spring washer Ⅺ 4036, connecting plate III 4037, connecting rod 4038 are fixed on electro spindle shell On 103.
Figure 26 be ultrasonic vibration rod semi-cutaway, central screw III 7014 and spring washer Ⅹ III 7013 by top cover II 703, pressure Electroceramics piece III 709, electrode slice VII 706, electrode slice VIII 7010, electrode slice Ⅸ 7012 are fastenedly connected, and transducer enclosure 704 passes through Screw Ⅹ 701 and spring washer Ⅻ 702 are fixed on top cover II 703.During work, supersonic generator 5 converts alternating current to High-frequency electrical oscillator signal by electric excitation signal line IV 705, electric excitation signal line V 7011 be delivered separately to electrode slice VII 706, Electrode slice VIII 7010 and electrode slice Ⅸ 7012, high-frequency electrical oscillator signal is converted into axial dither, and by ultrasonic transformer III 707 Realize the amplification of amplitude.Ultrasonic transformer III 707 is connected with vibrating head 708 by screw threads for fastening, and the vibration after amplification is passed to and shaken Dynamic rod 708, supersonic oscillations are carried out to the medical nano fluid (or medical spinning medium) in liquid storing cup 6.
Ultrasound wave vibrating bar 7 carries out supersonic oscillations to the spinning system in liquid storing cup 6, can not only effectively reduce electrostatic The viscosity of spinning solution and melt, the electrostatic of expansion instrument can spin concentration range, but also can effectively reduce the diameter of fiber, drop Low-fiber fault of construction, so as to improve the mechanical performance of spinning fibre.Using the focusing ultrasonic wave device shown in Figure 21, in fibre Apply the ultrasonic wave of certain power during dimension shaping, fiber can be made to be stretched in the presence of injection stream and reach what is further refined Purpose, while ul-trasonic irradiation can improve the mobility of polymer solution, improve spinnability, accelerate the coagulation forming mistake of fiber Journey.
Vertical-the torsion and rotary motion of ultrasonic transformer are realized using longitrorse resonance rotary ultrasonic electro spindle 1, clamping catches water mill tool 2 Safe and efficient pathology bone tissue can be removed under the auxiliary of endoscope 3 afterwards；Cooling and film forming 4 enter promoting the circulation of qi to nano-fluid Dynamic-ultrasound-electrostatic three-level atomization, finally pour grinding area with drops under focus ultrasonic effect and effectively cool down and moisten It is sliding；It is postoperative that wound is coated, to prevent wound face from infecting.
Figure 27 show installation diagram of the endoscope in electro spindle shell.Hole II is threaded on electro spindle shell 103 1019th, screwed hole III 1020, mirror body 303 are consolidated by screw III 301, spring washer IV 302, screw IV 304, spring washer V 305 It is scheduled on electro spindle shell 103, has optical-fibre channel II 307 inside electro spindle shell 103, there is optical-fibre channel I inside mirror body 303 306.Figure 28 show 303 internal views, interior to be provided with each independent cold light illumination light source Transmission Fibers 308, endoscopic fiber 309th, fluorescence excitation optical delivery fiber 3010, image transmitting optical fiber 3011, fluorescent exciting can excite tumor tissues to launch phase The fluorescence of wavelength is answered, the fluorescence emission is through endoscopic fiber 309, image transmitting optical fiber 3011, by eyepiece it can be seen that fluorescence Launch light, so as to which tumor tissues be recognized accurately.Image transmitting optical fiber 3011 is connected on monitor, is easy to use operation device Tool carries out excision to recognizable tissue under optical fibre illumination and reaches therapeutic purposes.Because endoscope 3 is to resonate to rotate with longitrorse Ultrasound electric principal shaft 1 is close-connected, and surgeon can the behaviour for realizing free-position convenient, flexible in real time under the auxiliary of endoscope 3 Make, realize the flexible removal of tumor of base of skull.
This programme specific work process is as follows：
A kind of the three-level atomization cooling of neurosurgery focus ultrasonic auxiliary and postoperative wound film formation device, longitrorse resonance rotation are super Acoustic-electric main shaft 1 can realize the vertical-torsion and rotary motion of grinding tool, be advantageous to the discharge in time of bone bits and grinding efficiency is high；Grinding tool is to catch Water mill tool 2, bistrique abrasive particle uses flat column micro-bulge regular array, and bistrique matrix surface obtains having and catches water energy by force through processing The nanometer chorista film of power, while have super hydrophilic and catch water-based energy, so as to strengthen grinding area heat convection；Cooling and film-forming machine Structure 4 obtains fine droplets after medical nano fluid is cooled down into hydraulic pneumatic-ultrasound-electrostatic three-level atomization, is acted on using focus ultrasonic Nano-fluid drop is injected into grinding tool/bone wedge shape constraint space, cooling and lubricating effectively is carried out to grinding area；Operation should after terminating For being sprayed on post-surgical trauma face in the form of spinning fibre after the spinning system three-level atomization of wound dressing, realize to being ground wound The atomization film forming protection processing in face.With a kind of device can realize in removing of the Microendoscopic to tumor of base of skull, art cooling and Postoperative wound film forming, integrated level is high, abrades efficiency high, and grinding temperature is low, i.e., achieves that the low of biological bone with a kind of device Damage controllable grinding.
During using the device, taper roll bearing II 1034 is positioned by end cap I 101 and the shaft shoulder of main shaft 104, by position location Taper roll bearing II 1034 is arranged on 104 main shaft one end.By 1033 central screws I, 1032 spring washers II by each electricity Pole piece, piezoelectric ceramic piece are arranged in 1011 connecting cylinders, then by connecting cylinder 1011 and are led by shaft coupling 109, screwed hole I 1010 Axle 104 connects.End cap plays a part of, to bearing axially position, dust-proof and sealing, to pass through spring washer III 1036 ,-screw II End cap I 101 is arranged on the top of electro spindle shell 103 by 1035, by position location by the main shaft 104 assembled and connecting cylinder 1011 Sleeve 1016 is arranged in electro spindle shell 103 in electro spindle shell 103, and by position location.Taper roller axle Hold I 1018 to be positioned by the shaft shoulder of ultrasonic transformer I 1017 and end cap II 1022, be arranged on taper roll bearing I 1018 by position location The one end of ultrasonic transformer I 1017, and be connected through a screw thread the water mill tool 2 of catching that will be prepared and be arranged on the end of ultrasonic transformer I 1017.Pass through change Ultrasonic transformer I 1017 is connected by the screwed hole on the top of width bar I 1017 with the end of central screw I 1033 in electro spindle shell 103.Coating End cap II 1022 is arranged on by the end of electro spindle shell 103 by screw I 1025, spring washer I 1024 after lubricating grease.Ultrasonic transformer The screwed hole of I 1017 upper ends is fastenedly connected with central screw I 1033, and screwed hole and the grinding tool handle 201 of lower end are fastenedly connected, two spiral shells The hand of spiral of line connection is opposite to the direction of rotation, it is ensured that connection tightness.
Concentric circles r around the center of spherical crown shape transducer enclosure 4041、r2、r3、r4、r5It is upper process respectively uniform 8,16, 24th, 32,40 circular apertures, circular aperture are nested with cohesive planar wafer piezoelectric element 4011, all planar wafer piezoelectricity members The diameter of part 4011, thickness are all identical.With adhesive by under copper mesh public electrode 4012 and all planar wafer piezoelectric elements 4011 End is bonded, and the bottom surface of spherical crown shape part is compressed using pressure platform so that copper mesh public electrode 4012 and planar wafer piezoelectricity member The bonding of part 4011 is held level with both hands whole.Using screw VI 4022, spring washer VIII 4023, screw VII 4024, spring washer Ⅸ 4025 and Electrostatic atomization nozzle 4013 is arranged on the end of ultrasonic transformer II 4014 by connecting plate I 4021.Spherical crown shape transducer enclosure 404, electrode Piece V 4016, piezoelectric ceramic piece II 4015, electrode slice VI 4018 and electrode slice IV 406 form transducer, by top cover I 403, each electricity Pole piece, piezoelectric ceramic piece pass through central screw II 401, spring washer VI 402 after closed assembly is good successively together with ultrasonic transformer II 4014 Installation on the transducer, and is fastened by spring washer VII 4020 and screw V 4019.Respectively by each electric excitation signal line II 4010 and feed tube 407, air inlet pipe 408, high-tension bus-bar 409 be connected to relevant position, finally using connecting rod 4038 by group The cooling installed is welded on electro spindle shell 103 with film forming mechanism.
Before operation starts, at the same startup power supply interface I 105, power interface II 1013 and supersonic generator 5, water to be caught When the stable rotation of grinding tool 2, longitrorse vibration, reversal valve I 6010 is opened, cooling works with film forming mechanism, and medical nano fluid is with liquid The form for dripping jet is sprayed into the efficient cooling and lubricating of grinding area progress from nozzle body 4013-2, opens endoscopic system 3, inside Start to perform the operation under sight glass auxiliary.After grinding terminates, reversal valve I 6010 to be closed, opens reversal valve II 6014, film formation device works, Postoperative wound is coated using spinning fibre.After operation terminates, all power supplys are closed, water mill tool 2 will be caught and unloaded, to equipment Carry out disinfection and keep properly.
The preferred embodiment of the application is the foregoing is only, is not limited to the application, for the skill of this area For art personnel, the application can have various modifications and variations.It is all within spirit herein and principle, made any repair Change, equivalent substitution, improvement etc., should be included within the protection domain of the application.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of neurosurgery focus ultrasonic auxiliary three-level atomization cooling and postoperative wound film formation device, it is characterised in that including：
Transducer enclosure, transducer enclosure is interior to set ultrasonic transformer II, and the top of ultrasonic transformer II sets at least two layers of piezoelectric ceramic piece II, The electrode slice being connected with supersonic generator is set between adjacent two layers piezoelectric ceramic piece II, and transducer enclosure bottom is in hemisphere face Structure, multiple piezoelectric elements being connected with the supersonic generator are set on the inside of the spherical structure, on piezoelectric element surface Copper mesh public electrode is set, and the bottom of ultrasonic transformer II protrudes transducer hemisphere face structure setting；Nozzle, located at the bottom of ultrasonic transformer II, Nozzle is connected with medical nano fluid liquid reservoir cup, and compressed gas can be also passed through in nozzle, electrode is also set up on the inside of nozzle, with right After medical nano fluid carries out pneumatic-ultrasound-electrostatic atomization, in the form of nano-fluid drip jet pouring grinding area is had Effect cooling and lubrication, meanwhile, postoperative wound is effectively coated.
2. a kind of neurosurgery focus ultrasonic auxiliary three-level atomization cooling according to claim 1 fills with postoperative wound film forming Put, it is characterised in that the inside of ultrasonic transformer II sets feed pathway and inlet channel, feed pathway and the nanometer of the nozzle Fluid intake communicates, and inlet channel communicates with the compressed gas entrance of nozzle；
Or electrode is connected with external HV generator.
3. a kind of neurosurgery focus ultrasonic auxiliary three-level atomization cooling according to claim 2 fills with postoperative wound film forming Put, it is characterised in that nanometer fluid passage and compressed gas passage are set in the nozzle, also set up in nozzle and nanometer stream The built-in compressed gas passage that body passage communicates, nanometer fluid passage bottom set accelerating chamber, compressed gas passage and accelerating chamber Connection, built-in compressed gas passage enter nanometer fluid passage by rotation direction compressed gas passage.
4. a kind of neurosurgery focus ultrasonic auxiliary three-level atomization cooling according to claim 3 fills with postoperative wound film forming Put, it is characterised in that the accelerating chamber includes two undergauge sections communicated, the first undergauge section and the second undergauge Duan Juncheng inverted round stage Shape, the second undergauge section are connected by cylindrical section with the 3rd section, and the 3rd section is minor air cell.
5. a kind of neurosurgery focus ultrasonic auxiliary three-level atomization cooling according to claim 1 fills with postoperative wound film forming Put, it is characterised in that the piezoelectric element is arranged in concentric circle in a manner of multiple concentric circles.
6. a kind of biological bone is low to damage controllable grinding attachment, it is characterised in that including：
Any one of claim 1-5 a kind of neurosurgery focus ultrasonic auxiliary three-level atomization cooling with postoperative wound into Film device；
Main shaft, in electro spindle shell, main shaft appearance circumference sets rotor windings, the interior setting of electro spindle shell and rotor windings Corresponding stator winding, electronics winding, which can be powered, drives main shaft rotary setting；
Water mill of catching for being ground biological bone has, and main shaft is by ultrasonic vibration mechanism and catches water mill tool connection, in main shaft and ultrasound Under vibrating mechanism drives, catch water mill tool and realize vertical-torsion and rotary motion, catch water abrasive surface and micro-bulge is set.
7. a kind of biological bone according to claim 6 is low to damage controllable grinding attachment, it is characterised in that also includes interior peep Mirror, endoscope mirror body are fixed with the electro spindle shell, and endoscope lens are located at the side for catching water mill tool.
8. a kind of biological bone according to claim 6 is low to damage controllable grinding attachment, it is characterised in that the ultrasonic vibration Mechanism includes four layers of piezoelectric ceramic piece I, and the electricity being connected with the supersonic generator is set between adjacent two layers piezoelectric ceramic piece I Pole piece, bottom piezoelectric ceramic piece I are connected by ultrasonic transformer I with described water mill tool top of catching；
Or the surface of ultrasonic transformer I sets rectangular spiral groove.
9. a kind of biological bone according to claim 6 is low to damage controllable grinding attachment, it is characterised in that outside the electro spindle Shell top and bottom respectively sets end cap, and described water mill tool of catching is set through the end cap of bottom.
10. a kind of biological bone according to claim 6 is low to damage controllable grinding attachment, it is characterised in that described to catch water mill Tool includes grinding tool handle, sets spherical mounted point matrix in grinding tool handle bottom, spherical mounted point matrix includes part sphere, in part sphere Surface sets multiple octagonal cylinders, and octagonal cylinder is vertically connected with setting successively, and multiple sides are set on octagonal cylinder surface The micro-bulge of column, a nanometer chorista film is stained between the micro-bulge on octagonal cylinder surface.
CN201711165587.1A 2017-11-21 2017-11-21 A kind of neurosurgery focus ultrasonic auxiliary three-level atomization cooling and postoperative wound film formation device Withdrawn CN107789030A (en)

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CN201711165587.1A CN107789030A (en) 2017-11-21 2017-11-21 A kind of neurosurgery focus ultrasonic auxiliary three-level atomization cooling and postoperative wound film formation device
PCT/CN2018/075018 WO2019100588A1 (en) 2017-11-21 2018-02-02 Neurosurgical ultrasound focus assist three-stage atomization cooling and postoperative wound film forming device
US16/098,277 US11571222B2 (en) 2017-11-21 2018-02-02 Neurosurgical ultrasonic focusing assisted three-stage atomization cooling and postoperative wound film forming device

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019100587A1 (en) * 2017-11-21 2019-05-31 青岛理工大学 Electrostatic-atomization ultrasonic wave assisted low-damage and controllable biologic bone grinding process and apparatus
CN112496424A (en) * 2020-10-14 2021-03-16 长春理工大学 High-low frequency composite ultrasonic vibration micro-milling device for water surface layer cavitation bubble environment
US11406397B2 (en) 2017-11-21 2022-08-09 Qingdao university of technology Electrostatic atomization ultrasonic aided low-damage and controllable biologic bone grinding process and device

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019100587A1 (en) * 2017-11-21 2019-05-31 青岛理工大学 Electrostatic-atomization ultrasonic wave assisted low-damage and controllable biologic bone grinding process and apparatus
GB2578046A (en) * 2017-11-21 2020-04-15 Univ Qingdao Technology Electrostatic-atomization ultrasonic wave assisted low-damage and controllable biologic bone grinding process and apparatus
GB2578046B (en) * 2017-11-21 2021-12-15 Univ Qingdao Technology Electrostatic atomization ultrasonic aided low-damage and controllable biologic bone grinding process and device
US11406397B2 (en) 2017-11-21 2022-08-09 Qingdao university of technology Electrostatic atomization ultrasonic aided low-damage and controllable biologic bone grinding process and device
CN112496424A (en) * 2020-10-14 2021-03-16 长春理工大学 High-low frequency composite ultrasonic vibration micro-milling device for water surface layer cavitation bubble environment
CN112496424B (en) * 2020-10-14 2022-09-13 长春理工大学 High-low frequency composite ultrasonic vibration micro-milling device for water surface layer cavitation bubble environment

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