CN107788947A - Eye examination apparatus and method - Google Patents
Eye examination apparatus and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107788947A CN107788947A CN201610807056.7A CN201610807056A CN107788947A CN 107788947 A CN107788947 A CN 107788947A CN 201610807056 A CN201610807056 A CN 201610807056A CN 107788947 A CN107788947 A CN 107788947A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
- A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
- A61B3/14—Arrangements specially adapted for eye photography
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
- A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
- A61B3/13—Ophthalmic microscopes
- A61B3/135—Slit-lamp microscopes
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- Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to eye examination apparatus and method.Light source, light-field camera and processing unit are included according to the eye examination equipment of the present invention.The light source can be controlled so as to produce desired light field, and the light field is used to illuminate eyeball to be checked.The light-field camera is configured to receive the imaging data after whole eyeball is illuminated by the light field simultaneously.The processing unit is configured to handle the imaging data received.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to eye examination apparatus and method, relate more specifically to using light field technology eye examination equipment and
Method.
Background technology
Slit-lamp microscope, it is the essential important instrument of eye examination.Slit-lamp microscope is by illuminator and double
Mesh microscope forms, and the lesion that it can not only make table shallow is observed fully aware of, and can adjust focus and light source width, does
Into " optic section ", make the lesion of deep tissue also can clearly show.
The inspection of ophthalmology disease needs slit-lamp microscope and checked.Doctor needs to use optic section to observe disease
People's eyeball surface and the normal and pathological tissues of inside, to tell the position of lesion and level, so that it is determined that the position of lesion,
And when observing patient's eyeball, it is also necessary to adjust focus or change direction of illumination, more clearly visible to observe pathological structure.
The construction of slit-lamp microscope is mainly made up of two parts, i.e. " slit-lamp " and " microscope ".For the ease of crack
Light source irradiates each position of eyes from different angles, and microscope observes eyes from different angles, it is desirable to which slit-lamp is with showing
Micro mirror mechanically all has enough angles that swings.Its crack edge of the light source requirements of slit-lamp have to it is very smooth,
Crack must be clearly imaged on the center of circle vertical plane to swing, and microscope must also focus on this center of circle vertical plane
On.
Crack lighting source must have：1. the width in crack is adjustable in the range of 0 to 14mm；2. the length in crack exists
(when length and width are all 14mm, crack light is really a circular light spot) adjustable in the range of 1 to 14mm；3. the direction in crack can
Adjust.That is slit source can be vertical or horizontal, it can also be oblique；4. the brightness of light source is adjustable.
Existing slit-lamp microscope includes transportable base, slit-lamp and stereomicroscope.The light source of slit-lamp
Illuminated usually using K hler-type, light-resource fousing is focused to the viewing plane of slit-lamp microscope into narrow slit of illumination
On, and the mechanical structure rotation of slit-lamp and mobile slit of illumination can be utilized.Existing slit-lamp complicated in mechanical structure, it is necessary to
Mobile light source and direction of observation by hand, regulation and operation are all inconvenient, and need to be operated by the doctor that specialty is undergone training,
Using limited.
Moreover, the mechanical structure translational speed of current slit-lamp is slow, it is necessary to which patient's head is fixed on the jaw frame of slit-lamp
On device as far as possible, it is desirable to which patient's eyeball does not move, and can just see lesion clearly.Because human eye naturally has saccadic movement, position is easily moved
Put, check to get up to waste time and energy, therefore need patient to exchange and coordinate repeatedly with experienced doctor when checking to complete
Check, the particularly inspection to children and infant is even more inconvenient, more unsuitable remote operation.
The content of the invention
A kind of eye examination equipment is proposed for obvious deficiency, the present invention present in current slit-lamp use, it is used
The mode of light field projection switches rapidly the form and light illumination mode of illumination light using light field technology as lighting source.The present invention
Eye examination equipment shot using light-field camera, by the data collected carry out data processing, restore different illumination
Under the conditions of eyeball light field image so that doctor can be selected as needed in the later stage illumination direction and observation focal position, from
All angles and level obtain the information of eyeball, check the disease event of eyeball, so as to which the eyes enabled a physician to patient enter
Row is long-range to be checked and analyzes.The eye examination equipment of the present invention can realize remote operation.The invention also provides one kind uses light
The method that the mode of field projection carries out eye examination.
According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a kind of eye examination equipment, it includes light source, light-field camera and processing
Device.The light source can be controlled so as to produce desired light field, and the light field is used to illuminate eyeball to be checked.The light field
Camera is configured to receive the imaging data after whole eyeball is illuminated by the light field simultaneously.The processing unit is configured to being connect
The imaging data of receipts is handled.
In one embodiment, the light source includes illuminator and at least two spatial light modulators.
In one embodiment, light field of the configurations of light sources into the multiple linear independences of generation.
In one embodiment, the light-field camera includes microlens array.
In one embodiment, the light-field camera includes camera array.
In one embodiment, the eye examination equipment also includes the first eyeglass being arranged in the light field, institute
The first eyeglass is stated between the light source and the eyeball, first optics configuration is into the light for make it that the light source is sent
By reaching the eyeball after first lens transmission, and first optics configuration is into causing the eyeball to institute
The response for stating light field is received after by first lens reflecting by the light-field camera.
In one embodiment, the eye examination equipment also includes display device and be arranged in the light field the
Two eyeglasses.The display configuration is into display still image or dynamic image.Second eyeglass is located at the light source and institute
Between stating the first eyeglass, second optics configuration is passing through second lens transmission into causing light that the light source is sent
Reach first eyeglass afterwards, and second optics configuration is into the still image or Dynamic Graph for causing the display device
As reaching first eyeglass after by second lens reflecting and being reached after by first lens transmission
The eyeball, so as to be observed by the eyeball.
In one embodiment, the eye examination equipment also includes the lens combination being arranged in the light field, institute
Lens combination is stated to be configured for amplifying the imaging data after the eyeball is illuminated by the light field.
In one embodiment, the processing unit is configured to carry out refocusing calculating to the imaging data received, with
Reduce the 3-D view of the eyeball under different illumination conditions.
In one embodiment, the eye examination equipment is used as slit lamp examination equipment or corneal topography is surveyed
Measure equipment.
In one embodiment, the eye examination equipment is used as illumination slit lamp examination equipment.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a kind of eye examination method, it comprises the following steps：Produce expectation
Light field；The imaging data after whole eyeball is illuminated by the light field is received simultaneously；And the imaging data to being received is carried out
Processing.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the four-dimensional parametrization of light field；
Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 shows one embodiment of the light source according to the present invention；
Fig. 4 shows another embodiment of the light source according to the present invention；
Fig. 5 shows another embodiment of the light source according to the present invention；
Fig. 6 is shown by the linear combination of multiple illumination result to produce the illumination light of special angle；
Fig. 7 shows one embodiment of the eye examination apparatus according to the present invention；
Fig. 8 shows one embodiment of the eye examination apparatus according to the present invention；And
Fig. 9 shows one embodiment of the eye examination apparatus according to the present invention.
Embodiment
The eye examination equipment of the present invention includes light source 100, light-field camera 200 and processing unit 300.Light source 100 can
It is controlled so as to produce desired light field, the light field is used to illuminate eyeball to be checked.Light-field camera 200 is configured to receive simultaneously whole
Individual eyeball illuminated by light field after imaging data.Processing unit 300 is configured to handle the imaging data received.
The eye examination equipment of the present invention replaces traditional slit-lamp using light source 100, same using light-field camera 200
When receive the imaging data after whole eyeball is illuminated by light field, and the imaging data received is entered using processing unit 300
Row processing, so as to remotely realize the analysis of the imaging data to being received.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the four-dimensional parametrization of light field.Light field is substantially exactly all light light radiation functions in space
Totality.Theory is rendered according to Levoy light field, any light of intensity and directional information is carried in space, 2 can be used
Parallel plane carries out parametrization expression, as shown in Figure 1.Every light intersects at 2 points with this 2 planes, forms one
Four-dimensional light field function LF(x, y, u, v).Different light filed acquisition modes can be formed to the different understanding of light field.If light field is seen
Work is the superposition of position and angle information, can there is fairly simple acquisition modes.
At present, the means for obtaining light field are broadly divided into following three kinds.
1) microlens array
This is the most frequently used light filed acquisition mode, and implementation is also most simple.Inserted at an image planes of common imaging system
One microlens array, the light of each lenticule unit record correspond to the scene image of same position different visual angles, so as to
To a four-dimensional light field.Plane where microlens array is considered as the u-v faces in Fig. 1, and the plane where detector can be regarded as
It is the x-y faces in Fig. 1.Mode is obtained on this, may refer to document Light Field Photography with a
Hand-Held Plenoptic Camera, by Ren Ng, Marc Levoy, Mathieu Bredif, Gene
Duval, Mark Horowitz, Pat Hanrahan. Stanford University Computer Science Tech
Report CSTR 2005-02。
2) camera array
This refer to by camera space certain arrangement come and meanwhile capture a series of slightly differentiated image in visual angles, so as to reconstruct
Go out the method for light field data.Such as 128 camera arrays of Stanford University, arranged using different spaces, it is different that some can be obtained
In the characteristic of general camera, including spatial resolution, dynamic range, the depth of field, frame speed, spectral response etc..Wherein large scale is empty
Between the camera array arranged be mainly used in synthetic aperture imaging and realize " perspective " monitoring, or by splice realize big visual angle panorama into
Picture, and closely arrangement type is then mainly used in obtaining high performance dynamic scene.
3) mask and other
It is all to do respective handling to the aperture of camera that it, which has in common that, can reconstruct light field data.By in general camera
A mask is inserted in light path to realize.Its image obtained seems similar with general camera, but is found after transforming to frequency domain,
Its frequency domain is in regularity distribution, similar with the frequency domain characteristic of light field data, can also handle to obtain four-dimensional field information.On this
Mode is obtained, may refer to document Compressive Light Field Photography. Kshitij Marwah,
Gordon Wetzstein, Yosuke Bando, Ramesh Raskar. SIGGRAPH 2013. ACM
Transactions on Graphics 32(4)。
In one embodiment of the invention, light source includes illuminator and at least two spatial light modulators（SLM）.It is luminous
Body has enough brightness, such as can be LED array, to cause the transmission or anti-by least two spatial light modulators
The brightness penetrated after modulating meets needs.Spatial light modulator can be any space light modulation that those skilled in the art know
Device, such as can be DMD（Digital Micromirror Device digital micromirror devices）Or LCoS（Liquid
Crystal on Silicon reflection type liquid crystals）Or LCD transmission liquid crystals.
Preferably, illuminator sends scattering light.
In one embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, light source 100 may include illuminator 110, the first space
Optical modulator 120 and second space optical modulator 130.The light irradiation that illuminator 110 is sent is in the first spatial light modulator 120
On, form scattering light.The light that each pixel in first spatial light modulator 120 is sent can be propagated to all directions, and
The intensity of all directions be it is known, it is preferably essentially identical.After modulation of the light Jing Guo the first spatial light modulator 120
It is irradiated on second space optical modulator 130, is modulated by second space optical modulator 130.
Specifically, the light irradiation that illuminator 110 is sent is in the first spatial light modulator 120.First spatial light modulator
The pixel of select location on 120（In figs. 2 and 3, representated by the black box as in the first spatial light modulator 120
Pixel）Scattering light is sent, and the pixel of other positions does not light.By the select location of first spatial light modulator 120
The scattering light irradiation that pixel is sent is on second space optical modulator 130.Select location on second space optical modulator 130
Pixel（In figs. 2 and 3, the pixel representated by the white box as in second space optical modulator 130）Allow light saturating
Cross, and the pixel of other positions does not allow light to pass through.So, in the modulation Jing Guo the first and second spatial light modulators 130
Afterwards, resulting light is the light for having desired two-dimensional position information (u, v) and desired two-dimensional directional information (θ, φ)
Line, and and then it is irradiated to eyeball 140.
Preferably, the illuminating ray after the modulation of the first and second spatial light modulators 120,130 can pass through reflection or folding
Penetrate and be irradiated on angle spread reflecting surface, angle spread reflecting surface can be concave mirror, fiber waveguide etc., anti-by angle spread
The illumination in face is penetrated to eyeball, is illuminated.
By the transmitance of the pixel of the first and second spatial light modulators 120,130 of adjustment or when the first and second skies
Between optical modulator 120,130 its adjusted when being DMD reflect duration, various desired light fields can be quickly produced according to sequential（For example,
The illumination of various positions, intensity and direction）.
In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, light source may include illuminator 110 and more than two
Individual spatial light modulator.
As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, light source may include illuminator 110, the first spatial light modulator 120, second space light modulation
The spatial light modulator 150 of device 130 and the 3rd.Illuminator 110 is radiated in the first spatial light modulator 120, forms scattering light.The
The light that each pixel in one spatial light modulator 120 is sent can be propagated to all directions, and the intensity of all directions is
It is known, it is preferably essentially identical.Second space light is irradiated to after modulation of the light Jing Guo the first spatial light modulator 120
In the spatial light modulator 150 of modulator 130 and the 3rd, entered by the spatial light modulator 150 of second space optical modulator 130 and the 3rd
Line direction is modulated, and is finally irradiated to eyeball 140.Preferably, the illuminating ray after the modulation of these spatial light modulators can be through
Cross reflection or refraction and be irradiated on angle spread reflecting surface, angle spread reflecting surface can be concave mirror, fiber waveguide etc., pass through
The illumination of angle spread reflecting surface is illuminated to eyeball.
In the embodiment shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the first spatial light modulator 120 and second space optical modulator 130 are
The liquid crystal of transmission-type, wherein, the back lighting device of the first liquid crystal display serves as illuminator 110, and first liquid crystal display
LCD serve as the first spatial light modulator 120.The back lighting device of second liquid crystal display is stripped, so as to the second liquid crystal
The LCD of display serves as second space optical modulator 130.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 4, the first spatial light modulator 120, the space of second space optical modulator 130 and the 3rd
Optical modulator 150 is the liquid crystal of transmission-type, wherein, the back lighting device of the first liquid crystal display serves as illuminator 110, and
The LCD of one liquid crystal display serves as the first spatial light modulator 120.Second and the 3rd liquid crystal display back lighting device quilt
Divest, so as to second and the 3rd the LCD of liquid crystal display each act as the spatial light of second space optical modulator 130 and the 3rd
Modulator 150.
Unlike Fig. 4, the 3rd spatial light modulator 150 shown in Fig. 5 is DMD.DMD is 2-D vibration mirror structure, can
With selective reflecting light, potentially act as spatial light modulator and participate in light field modulation.
Spatial light modulator in light path can with more than two, multiple spatial light modulators can caused by light field line number
Amount is related to the product of pixel quantity in each spatial light modulator, and each spatial light modulator can be entered by its light field
The further modulation of row, therefore more horn of plenty and complicated light field can be produced.Illumination light field is set to be easier to converge on target
It is expected light field.
Using above-mentioned light source, various desired light fields can be quickly produced.Position, direction and the intensity of light in light field
It can successively be provided according to certain rule, such as can be wavelet transformation base, Fourier transform base, or meet compressed sensing
Restricted isometry property (RIP) conditions (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
Restricted_isometry_property the light field illumination of random direction and intensity).
In an embodiment of the present invention, photograph part uses one or more light-field cameras 200.Light-field camera 200 can be with
Using prior art, such as Lytro or Raytrix using microlens array, squeezed light field skill of new generation can also be utilized
Art, mask can also be added in the camera, make regular camera that also there is light field reducing power.On the technology, may refer to as
The introduction of lower network address：http://web.media.mit.edu/~gordonw/
CompressiveLightFieldPhotography/。
Light-field camera 200 can gather the eyeball illuminated intensity of institute's reflection light and direction later.Specifically, light field phase
Machine 200 is configured to receive the imaging data after the light field illumination caused by light source 100 of whole eyeball simultaneously.Herein, it is " same
When " refer to that reception of the light-field camera for the imaging data of whole eyeball is completed simultaneously, and " whole eyeball " refers to
The imaging data that light-field camera is received is the imaging data on whole eyeball, rather than just some in eyeball or more
Individual point or the imaging data of some or multiple sections.
Using existing technology, such as the eyeglass of part reflecting part transmission, light-field camera 200 can be placed in light path
In, without blocking light field illumination.Using prior art, the imaging of ocular can be amplified, eliminate certain aberration, tie imaging
Fruit is collected by light-field camera 200 more visiblely.
By using the light source 100 and light-field camera 200 according to the present invention, each region can be gathered on eyeball in difference
Illumination condition under field information.Such as：
1）Open and close the picture on the first spatial light modulator 120 and second space optical modulator 130 in a given order successively
Element, the light field for the different angle for pointing to same position can be formed, as shown in Figures 2 and 3.
2）Using the linear combination of multiple illumination result, the illumination light of special angle can be produced, for example, as shown in Figure 6.
3）According to known wavelet transformation, Fourier transform or compressed sensing technology, less secondary light field can be utilized
Illumination, combination calculate desired light field.
The imaging data that processing unit 300 is used to receive light-field camera 200 is handled.In one embodiment,
The imaging data that processing unit 300 is used to receive light-field camera 200 carries out refocusing calculating, to reduce different illumination conditions
Under the eyeball 3-D view, the pictures rich in detail of the different focal positions of eyeball is obtained, so as to obtain being similar to crack
The image of different optic sections under lamp microscope, carry out long-range check for doctor and support is provided.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the eye examination equipment 10 of the present invention includes the first eyeglass 160.First mirror
Piece 160 is arranged between light source 100 and eyeball.First eyeglass 160 is configured so that light that light source 100 is sent by first
Eyeball 140 is reached after the transmission of eyeglass 160, and the first eyeglass 160 is configured so that response of the eyeball 140 to light field is being passed through
Received after the reflection of first eyeglass 160 by light-field camera 200.
In one embodiment, as shown in figure 8, the eye examination equipment 10 of the present invention also includes lens combination 170.Lens
System 170 is arranged in light field caused by light source 100, and is configured for amplification eyeball 140 and is illuminated by the light field
Imaging data afterwards.
In one embodiment, illuminator 110 can launch non-visible light, so as to form the illumination of the light field of non-visible light.
Preferably, illuminator 110 can launch infrared light, so as to form the illumination of the light field of infrared light.In such a case, it is possible in light
Infrared filter is set before the camera 200 of field, only transmits infrared light, or the light-field camera of infrared imaging can also be used.
In one embodiment, as shown in figure 9, the eye examination equipment 10 of the present invention also includes display device 180 and the
Two eyeglasses 190.Display device 180 is configured to show still image or dynamic image.Second eyeglass 190 is arranged on light source 100
In caused light field.Second eyeglass 190 is located between the eyeglass 160 of light source 100 and first.Second eyeglass 190 is configured so that
The light that light source 100 is sent reaches the first eyeglass 160 after the transmission of the second eyeglass 190, and the second eyeglass 190 constructs
Into the still image or dynamic image for causing display device 180 the first eyeglass 160 is reached after the reflection of the second eyeglass 190
And eyeball 140 is reached after the transmission of the first eyeglass 160, so as to be observed by eyeball 140.In one embodiment, show
Showing device 180 can be conventional visible light display.The display can be utilized to play video or game picture, make tested person
Member can complete eye examination in the state of easily comfortably.Alternatively, it is also possible to play instruction picture, guiding using the display
Tested personnel is observed to specified direction.
The eye examination equipment 10 of the present invention can be used for the application of a variety of eye examinations and measurement.In one embodiment
In, the light source 100 of eye examination equipment 10 of the invention can be configured to send the light source with traditional slit lamp examination equipment
Identical slit of illumination, function and the effect of traditional slit lamp examination equipment are played, so as to be used as slit lamp examination equipment.More
Especially, the light source 100 of eye examination equipment 10 of the invention is used as illumination slit lamp examination equipment.In a reality
Apply in example, eye examination equipment 10 of the invention can be used for the topographic map for measuring the cornea of eyes, play corneal topography survey
Function and the effect of equipment are measured, so as to be used as corneal topography measuring apparatus.
Although reference（It is one or more）Exemplary embodiment describes the present invention, but those skilled in the art will
Understand, wanted the invention is not restricted to precise structure described herein and part, and without departing from such as appended right
In the case of the spirit and scope of the invention for asking restriction, various modifications, change and deformation are understood that from description above.The present invention
Do not limited by the shown sequence of step, because some steps can be entered in a different order and/or with other steps simultaneously
OK.Therefore, the invention is not restricted to disclosed（It is one or more）Specific embodiment, but will include falling wanting in appended right
All embodiments in the range of asking.
Claims (12)
1. a kind of eye examination equipment, it includes：
Light source, the light source can be controlled so as to produce desired light field, and the light field is used to illuminate eyeball to be checked；
Light-field camera, the light-field camera are configured to receive the imaging data after whole eyeball is illuminated by the light field simultaneously；With
And
Processing unit, the processing unit are configured to handle the imaging data received.
2. eye examination equipment according to claim 1, wherein, the light source includes illuminator and at least two spatial lights
Modulator.
3. eye examination equipment according to claim 1, wherein, light of the configurations of light sources into the multiple linear independences of generation
.
4. eye examination equipment according to claim 1, wherein, the light-field camera includes microlens array.
5. eye examination equipment according to claim 1, wherein, the light-field camera includes camera array.
6. eye examination equipment according to claim 1, in addition to：
The first eyeglass being arranged in the light field, first eyeglass are described between the light source and the eyeball
First optics configuration into causing light that the light source is sent to reach the eyeball after by first lens transmission, and
And first optics configuration is into causing response of the eyeball to the light field by quilt after first lens reflecting
The light-field camera receives.
7. eye examination equipment according to claim 6, in addition to：
Display device, the display configuration is into display still image or dynamic image；With
The second eyeglass being arranged in the light field, second eyeglass between the light source and first eyeglass,
Second optics configuration reaches described the into causing light that the light source is sent after by second lens transmission
One eyeglass, and second optics configuration into the still image or dynamic image for causing the display device by described the
First eyeglass is reached after two lens reflectings and reaches the eyeball after by first lens transmission, so as to quilt
The eyeball is observed.
8. eye examination equipment according to claim 1, in addition to：
The lens combination being arranged in the light field, the lens combination are configured for amplifying the eyeball by the light field
Imaging data after illumination.
9. eye examination equipment according to claim 1, wherein, the processing unit is configured to the imaging number to being received
According to refocusing calculating is carried out, to reduce the 3-D view of the eyeball under different illumination conditions.
10. eye examination equipment according to claim 1, wherein, the eye examination equipment is used as crack lamp inspection
Look into equipment or corneal topography measuring apparatus.
11. eye examination equipment according to claim 1, wherein, the eye examination equipment is used as illumination crack
Lamp inspection looks into equipment.
12. a kind of eye examination method, it includes：
Produce desired light field；
The imaging data after whole eyeball is illuminated by the light field is received simultaneously；And
The imaging data received is handled.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110584594A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2019-12-20 | 上海志煊光电技术有限公司 | Slit lamp microscope with invisible light source |
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| CN110584594A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2019-12-20 | 上海志煊光电技术有限公司 | Slit lamp microscope with invisible light source |
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