CN107786941A - It is a kind of to be cooperated method for down loading based on the file that prefetches - Google Patents

It is a kind of to be cooperated method for down loading based on the file that prefetches Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107786941A
CN107786941A CN201710910561.9A CN201710910561A CN107786941A CN 107786941 A CN107786941 A CN 107786941A CN 201710910561 A CN201710910561 A CN 201710910561A CN 107786941 A CN107786941 A CN 107786941A
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msub
mrow
vehicle
road
target vehicle
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CN107786941B (en
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蔡雪莲
汪素
郭涛
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Xidian University
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Xidian University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/02Services making use of location information
    • H04W4/023Services making use of location information using mutual or relative location information between multiple location based services [LBS] targets or of distance thresholds
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01Protocols
    • H04L67/06Protocols specially adapted for file transfer, e.g. file transfer protocol [FTP]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/50Network services
    • H04L67/56Provisioning of proxy services
    • H04L67/568Storing data temporarily at an intermediate stage, e.g. caching
    • H04L67/5681Pre-fetching or pre-delivering data based on network characteristics
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/50Network services
    • H04L67/60Scheduling or organising the servicing of application requests, e.g. requests for application data transmissions using the analysis and optimisation of the required network resources
    • H04L67/63Routing a service request depending on the request content or context

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of based on the file prefetched cooperation method for down loading, including step 1:Data pre-fetching, occur when target vehicle has just driven into the communication range that road is set;Step 2:Data are downloaded, occur in target vehicle and reversely in the coverage that is set on road of cooperation vehicle when;Step 3:Data forwarding, occur when target vehicle and cluster member meet in blind area;The present invention combines data pre-fetching and carries forwarding mechanism, blind area can further be reduced, extension RSU coverage indirectly, to meet the needs of extensive content download, file download quality is improved, meets user's request, is set available for vehicle and road, the communication between vehicle and vehicle, the problem of communication coverage for solving because RSU distributions are sparse with the fast belts of vehicle to come on highway is small, and communication blind district is big.

Description

It is a kind of to be cooperated method for down loading based on the file that prefetches
Technical field
The invention belongs to communication technical field, relates generally to the document down loading method in vehicle self-organizing network, can be used for Vehicle and road are set, the communication between vehicle and vehicle.
Background technology
Vehicle self-organizing network is the basis of intelligent transportation system development, it is intended to provides substantial amounts of peace for driver and passenger Complete and entertainment applications.For any type of application, effective data transfer is basis.Especially, many applications are inner contains figure The content of multimedia of the types such as piece, music and video.These contents can provide data visualization, further enhance the driving of user Experience.Therefore, its download and distribution just becomes increasingly important and worth research.Multimedia file is generally bigger, file Download can be obtained by the communication between vehicle and vehicle and vehicle (V2V) and infrastructure (V2I).For V2V, The high-speed mobility of vehicle, severe channel fading and strong interferes the unstability for causing communication so that it The file download of low capacity can only be provided.And V2I communications can not equally meet the downloading request of big file, reason is mainly manifested in Following two aspects:On the one hand it is that the high maintenance cost that road is set causes its distribution to become sparse, therefore, there is permitted on road More regions without signal.On the other hand it is that the high-speed mobility of vehicle causes the interior stop of coverage that its Neng road is set Time becomes very short.Therefore, rational vehicle set with road, the big file download mechanism in vehicle and vehicle communication for It is very important to improve Consumer's Experience.
In existing file download mechanism, most of only considered is cooperated come the file download that cooperates between vehicle. Typical mechanism has an assistance formula Data Dissemination CCDSV and multiple roads based on cooperative game theory set between content collaboration point Hair strategy.CCDSV mechanism is by considering that the mobility of vehicle is predicted, distribution is shared in the storage of the resource of AP websites and content, with more High efficiency gives data distribution to mobile target vehicle, adds the diversity of the content type of flow in vehicle self-organizing network. Content collaboration distribution policy considers bottom V2V networks, different zones first between multiple roads based on cooperative game theory are set The data flows caused by factor difference such as the density of interior vehicle node, speed enjoy the difference of rate in all, and are network on this basis In mass data carry out partition of the level.On this basis, multiple roads are set into collaboration distribution data problem to regard a cooperation as rich Problem is played chess, and proposes a distributed algorithm to realize.However, the above-mentioned content distribution mechanism based on the V2V communication technologys is equal Vehicle in Drive-thru networks can not be tackled to satisfy the need intermittent access, frequently the network insertion problem set, so in recent years Study hotspot focused primarily on the joint communication that vehicle and vehicle, vehicle and road are set.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to for above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, it is proposed that vehicle is set with road, vehicle and vehicle lead to Big document down loading method in letter, to improve file download quality, meets user's request.
The present invention uses following technical scheme to achieve the above object:
It is a kind of to be cooperated method for down loading based on the file that prefetches, comprise the following steps:
Step 1, data pre-fetching stage:Occur when target vehicle has just driven into the communication range that road is set;
1a) the characteristic information of registered vehicle, random selection target vehicle enter the communication range that closest road is set;
1b) target vehicle sends download request to remote data server;
1c) target vehicle is set to lower two adjacent roads sends the appropriate request for prefetching remainder file;
Step 2, data download phase:When in the generation coverage that cooperation vehicle is set on road in target vehicle and reversely;
2a) use override mechanism, target vehicle directly set by V2I communications from closest road from downloading data;
Two adjacent roads are set under 2b) selects some vehicles to form cluster respectively, and cluster member equally uses 2a) in mode for Target vehicle from the adjacent road place of setting cooperate download part file;
Step 3, data transfer phae:Occur when target vehicle and cluster member meet in blind area;
3a) target vehicle is communicated by V2V and receives data from multiple clusters.
As the further scheme of the present invention, wherein step 2a) in calculate target vehicle can be from road in a cycle If the data volume E [D receivedI], its calculation formula is as follows:
Wherein:M is the section number divided according to traffic rate, and the traffic rate in this M section can be expressed as:W= {W1,W2,...,WM, τiRepresent the time that target vehicle stays in ith zone.
As the further scheme of the present invention, wherein the step 2b) in calculate target vehicle and can be downloaded in [0, t] Average amount Dave, its calculation formula is as follows:
Wherein:p0The probability of a cooperation vehicle in the coverage for representing to set on road at least be present;pcRepresent what is set on road The probability of c cooperation vehicle in coverage simultaneously be present;M represents that road sets coverage and is divided into M region;WiRepresent road If the transmission rate of the ith zone in coverage;λwIt is reverse vehicle with parameter during poisson arrival;TiIt is target vehicle In the residence time of ith zone;T is that target vehicle at the uniform velocity crosses two adjacent roads and sets the required time, and during the cycle Between.
As the further scheme of the present invention, wherein the step 3a) in calculate when target vehicle passes through blind area and can obtain Data volume E [the D obtainedV], its calculation formula is as follows:
Wherein:E[Lc] be preferable cluster length, E [Linter] it is preferable interval between two clusters, r is between vehicle Communication distance, ve,vwIt is the travel speed of positive vehicle and reverse vehicle respectively, w is the traffic rate between car and car.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:The present invention devises a kind of simple analysis framework to downloading file handling capacity, this Invention combines data pre-fetching and carrying-forwarding mechanism, can further reduce blind area, extends RSU coverage indirectly, with full The needs that the extensive content of foot is downloaded, improve file download quality, meet user's request, set available for vehicle and road, vehicle with Communication between vehicle, solve on highway due to the sparse communication overlay model come with the fast belts of vehicle of RSU distributions Enclose small, the problem of communication blind district is big.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the scene graph that the present invention uses;
Fig. 2 is the implementation process figure of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Global design of the present invention is:One target vehicle of random selection sets RSU into the road nearest apart from vehicleiCommunication Scope, it sends the request of downloading data to remote data server, and the request for prefetching data is sent to multiple selected RSU, Then reverse vehicle is selected to form linear variety, when cluster member crosses selected RSU successively, difference download part file content. Finally, when target vehicle and cluster member meet in blind area, cluster member by the data forwarding of download to target vehicle, so as to reduce Blind area, adds data download.
Reference picture 1, the scene that the present invention uses is that the two-way traffic of two kinds of reverse driving vehicles is distributed with one section, and road is set Regularly it is distributed in distance d on the road of two-way traffic side.Wherein, R is the range for wireless communication that some road is set, and 2R is vehicle The link length of communication can be directly set with some road,Jun Shi roads set the region (blind area) not covered, wherein It is the first half of blind area,It is the latter half of blind area,Length andIt is equal.
Reference picture 2, detailed implementation steps of the invention are as follows:
Step 1:Data pre-fetching.
1a) the characteristic information of registered vehicle
Characteristic information can use a three-dimensional array < idi,vi,ti> expressions, wherein idiIt is the identifier of vehicle, viIt is The speed of vehicle, tiIt is the current time;
1a) random selection target vehicle enters RSUiCommunication range
Assuming that vehicle is reached with approximate Poisson process, and unidirectional traffic current density is constant ρ, then vehicle arrival Rate λ is:
Wherein:vfBe vehicle allow maximal rate, ρjamIt is traffic jam density when traffic flow is intended to stop;
1b) target vehicle sends download request to remote data server
When road set service be over one ask when, broadcast the idle state information of oneself;When the node for having download demand is detectd When hearing the idle state information, transmission solicited message is set to road;
1c) target vehicle sets (RSU to lower two adjacent roadsi+1,RSUi+2) send suitably prefetch remainder single cent respectively The request of part.
Step 2:Data are downloaded.
Override mechanism 2a) is used, target vehicle is communicated directly from RSU by V2IiLocate downloading data
Assuming that the priority that vehicle communicates between being set with road is higher than the priority to be communicated between vehicle and vehicle, i.e. target carriage Liang Cong roads can not be communicated when setting downloading data with other vehicles.Assume vehicle simultaneously and road set between traffic rate The distance that target vehicle is set with corresponding road is uniquely depended on, then target vehicle can set the number received in a cycle from road According to amount E [DI] be:
Wherein:M is the section number divided according to traffic rate, and the traffic rate in this M section can be expressed as:W= {W1,W2,...,WM, τiRepresent the time that target vehicle stays in ith zone;
2b)RSUi+1And RSUi+2Select some vehicles to form cluster respectively, cluster member equally uses 2a) in mode for target Vehicle is from RSUi+1Or RSUi+2Place's cooperation download part file
Easily there is intermittent connection in VANET networks on highway, and it is therefore necessary to cooperation vehicle is assembled into one Individual linear variety.The average amount D that target vehicle can be downloaded in [0, t]aveFor:
Wherein:p0The probability of a cooperation vehicle in the coverage for representing to set on road at least be present;pcRepresent what is set on road The probability of c cooperation vehicle in coverage simultaneously be present;M represents that road sets coverage and is divided into M region;WiRepresent road If the transmission rate of the ith zone in coverage;λwIt is reverse vehicle with parameter during poisson arrival;TiIt is target vehicle In the residence time of ith zone;T is that target vehicle at the uniform velocity crosses two adjacent roads and sets the required time, and during the cycle Between.
Step 3:Data forwarding.
3a) target vehicle is communicated by V2V and receives data from multiple clusters
Cooperation vehicle tends to cluster, and the vehicle in continuous two clusters is generally moved away with relatively large distance.Target On the one hand vehicle can depend on the quantity for the cluster that target vehicle can run into by the data volume that V2V communications obtain;The opposing party Face, it can also be limited by cluster for transmission to the data volume of target vehicle.Assuming that each cluster can obtain enough data to transmit To target vehicle, then the data volume E [D that can be obtained when target vehicle passes through blind areaV] be:
Wherein:E[Lc] be preferable cluster length, E [Linter] it is preferable interval between two clusters, r is between vehicle Communication distance, ve,vwIt is the travel speed of positive vehicle and reverse vehicle respectively, w is the traffic rate between car and car.
The present invention combines data pre-fetching and carrying-forwarding mechanism, can further reduce blind area, extends covering for RSU indirectly Lid scope, to meet needs that extensive content is downloaded, improve file download quality, meet user's request, available for vehicle with Road is set, the communication between vehicle and vehicle, is solved on highway because RSU distributions are sparse and the fast belts of vehicle come The problem of communication coverage is small, and communication blind district is big.
Described above is present pre-ferred embodiments, for the ordinary skill in the art, according to the present invention's Teaching, in the case where not departing from the principle of the present invention and spirit, the changes, modifications, replacement and the change that are carried out to embodiment Type is still fallen within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

  1. It is 1. a kind of based on the file prefetched cooperation method for down loading, it is characterised in that to comprise the following steps:
    Step 1:Data pre-fetching, occur when target vehicle has just driven into the communication range that road is set;
    1a) the characteristic information of registered vehicle, random selection target vehicle enter the communication range that closest road is set;
    1b) target vehicle sends download request to remote data server;
    1c) target vehicle is set to lower two adjacent roads sends the appropriate request for prefetching remainder file;
    Step 2:Data are downloaded, occur in target vehicle and reversely in the coverage that is set on road of cooperation vehicle when;
    2a) use override mechanism, target vehicle directly set by V2I communications from closest road from downloading data;
    Two adjacent roads are set under 2b) selects some vehicles to form cluster respectively, and cluster member equally uses 2a) in mode for target Vehicle from the adjacent road place of setting cooperate download part file;
    Step 3:Data forwarding, occur when target vehicle and cluster member meet in blind area;
    3a) target vehicle is communicated by V2V and receives data from multiple clusters.
  2. It is 2. according to claim 1 based on the file prefetched cooperation method for down loading, it is characterised in that wherein step 2a) in Data volume E [the D received can be set in a cycle from road by calculating target vehicleI], its calculation formula is as follows:
    <mrow> <mi>E</mi> <mo>&amp;lsqb;</mo> <msub> <mi>D</mi> <mi>I</mi> </msub> <mo>&amp;rsqb;</mo> <mo>=</mo> <munderover> <mo>&amp;Sigma;</mo> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mi>M</mi> </munderover> <msub> <mi>&amp;tau;</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mo>&amp;CenterDot;</mo> <msub> <mi>W</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> </mrow>
    Wherein:M is the section number divided according to traffic rate, and the traffic rate in this M section can be expressed as:W={ W1, W2,...,WM, τiRepresent the time that target vehicle stays in ith zone.
  3. 3. cooperated method for down loading based on the file prefetched according to described in claim 1, it is characterised in that wherein described step The average amount D that target vehicle can be downloaded in [0, t] is calculated in 2b)ave, its calculation formula is as follows:
    <mrow> <msub> <mi>D</mi> <mrow> <mi>a</mi> <mi>v</mi> <mi>e</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <msub> <mi>&amp;lambda;</mi> <mi>w</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mfrac> <munderover> <mo>&amp;Sigma;</mo> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mi>M</mi> </munderover> <msub> <mi>W</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mi>T</mi> </mfrac> </mrow>
    Wherein:p0The probability of a cooperation vehicle in the coverage for representing to set on road at least be present;pcRepresent the covering set on road The probability of c cooperation vehicle in scope simultaneously be present;M represents that road sets coverage and is divided into M region;WiRepresent that road is set to cover The transmission rate of ith zone in the range of lid;λwIt is reverse vehicle with parameter during poisson arrival;TiIt is target vehicle i-th The residence time in individual region;T is that target vehicle at the uniform velocity crosses two adjacent roads and sets required time, and cycle time.
  4. 4. cooperated method for down loading based on the file prefetched according to described in claim 1, it is characterised in that wherein described step Data volume E [the D that can be obtained when target vehicle passes through blind area are calculated in 3a)V], its calculation formula is as follows:
    <mrow> <mi>E</mi> <mo>&amp;lsqb;</mo> <msub> <mi>D</mi> <mi>V</mi> </msub> <mo>&amp;rsqb;</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>R</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>E</mi> <mo>&amp;lsqb;</mo> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mrow> <mi>int</mi> <mi>e</mi> <mi>r</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>&amp;rsqb;</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mi>E</mi> <mo>&amp;lsqb;</mo> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msub> <mo>&amp;rsqb;</mo> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>&amp;CenterDot;</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>E</mi> <mo>&amp;lsqb;</mo> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msub> <mo>&amp;rsqb;</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>r</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <msub> <mi>v</mi> <mi>e</mi> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>v</mi> <mi>w</mi> </msub> </mrow> </mfrac> <mi>w</mi> </mrow>
    Wherein:E[Lc] be preferable cluster length, E [Linter] it is preferable interval between two clusters, r is logical between vehicle Communication distance, ve,vwIt is the travel speed of positive vehicle and reverse vehicle respectively, w is the traffic rate between car and car.
  5. 5. cooperated method for down loading based on the file prefetched according to described in claim 1, it is characterised in that in the step 1 One three-dimensional array < id of registered vehicle characteristic informationi,vi,ti> expressions, wherein idiIt is the identifier of vehicle, viIt is vehicle Speed, tiIt is the current time.
  6. 6. cooperated method for down loading based on the file prefetched according to described in claim 1, it is characterised in that in the step 1, Random selection target vehicle enter the arrival rate of communication range vehicle that closest road sets as:Assuming that vehicle is with approximate Poisson Process reaches, and unidirectional traffic current density is constant ρ, then the arrival rate λ of vehicle is:
    <mrow> <mi>&amp;lambda;</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>&amp;rho;v</mi> <mi>f</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>-</mo> <mfrac> <mi>&amp;rho;</mi> <msub> <mi>&amp;rho;</mi> <mrow> <mi>j</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mi>m</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mfrac> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow>
    Wherein:vfBe vehicle allow maximal rate, ρjamIt is traffic jam density when traffic flow is intended to stop.
  7. 7. cooperated method for down loading based on the file prefetched according to described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the step 1b) Specially when road set service be over one ask when, broadcast the idle state information of oneself;When the node for having download demand is intercepted During to the idle state information, transmission solicited message is set to road.
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CN109495561A (en) * 2018-11-07 2019-03-19 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 Application program method for down loading, device, terminal and storage medium
CN109600715A (en) * 2018-11-29 2019-04-09 哈尔滨工程大学 A kind of car networking V2X communication secondary file method for down loading
CN110519345A (en) * 2019-08-14 2019-11-29 杭州师范大学 Based on the car networking information securities cooperation method for down loading for assisting vehicle independently to select more
CN112566070A (en) * 2020-12-09 2021-03-26 重庆邮电大学 Cooperative data transmission method in Internet of vehicles environment
CN117376848A (en) * 2023-12-07 2024-01-09 南昌大学 Road city sensing system based on expressway vehicle network

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Cited By (9)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109495561A (en) * 2018-11-07 2019-03-19 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 Application program method for down loading, device, terminal and storage medium
CN109495561B (en) * 2018-11-07 2022-03-15 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 Application program downloading method, device, terminal and storage medium
CN109600715A (en) * 2018-11-29 2019-04-09 哈尔滨工程大学 A kind of car networking V2X communication secondary file method for down loading
CN109600715B (en) * 2018-11-29 2020-11-20 哈尔滨工程大学 Internet of vehicles V2X communication auxiliary file downloading method
CN110519345A (en) * 2019-08-14 2019-11-29 杭州师范大学 Based on the car networking information securities cooperation method for down loading for assisting vehicle independently to select more
CN110519345B (en) * 2019-08-14 2022-04-08 杭州师范大学 Internet of vehicles information safety cooperation downloading method based on multi-assistance vehicle autonomous selection
CN112566070A (en) * 2020-12-09 2021-03-26 重庆邮电大学 Cooperative data transmission method in Internet of vehicles environment
CN112566070B (en) * 2020-12-09 2022-08-09 重庆邮电大学 Cooperative data transmission method in Internet of vehicles environment
CN117376848A (en) * 2023-12-07 2024-01-09 南昌大学 Road city sensing system based on expressway vehicle network

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