CN107785889B - Minimum startup optimization method for weak receiving-end power grid supporting high-capacity direct current feed-in - Google Patents

Minimum startup optimization method for weak receiving-end power grid supporting high-capacity direct current feed-in Download PDF

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CN107785889B
CN107785889B CN201710969324.XA CN201710969324A CN107785889B CN 107785889 B CN107785889 B CN 107785889B CN 201710969324 A CN201710969324 A CN 201710969324A CN 107785889 B CN107785889 B CN 107785889B
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voltage
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direct current
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CN107785889A (en
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唐晓骏
吕勃翰
马世英
谢岩
李晓珺
申旭辉
张鑫
霍启迪
张志强
罗红梅
李晶
李海峰
罗凯明
金涛
周俊
梁海平
李少岩
宋云亭
郑超
陈湘
吴丽华
李媛媛
李再华
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China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
North China Electric Power University
Economic and Technological Research Institute of State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co Ltd
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China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
North China Electric Power University
Economic and Technological Research Institute of State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
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Abstract

The invention discloses a receiving-end power grid starting method for supporting direct current feed-in, which comprises the following steps: screening a priority open-close circuit according to the grid structure of the receiving-end power grid and the tide result; the priority open circuit is opened one by one, and the vulnerability index of each priority open circuit is calculated; constructing a fault set of the cut-off line according to the vulnerability index; calculating a bus voltage sag index under each open circuit fault in the open circuit fault set; constructing a weak voltage bus node set according to the bus voltage sag index; representing the electrical distance between each unit and each bus node in the voltage weak bus node set through node mutual impedance; sequencing the voltage supporting capacity of the unit according to the electrical distance; and checking the voltage supporting capability sequencing result.

Description

Minimum startup optimization method for weak receiving-end power grid supporting high-capacity direct current feed-in
Technical Field
The invention relates to a minimum startup optimization method for a weak receiving-end power grid supporting high-capacity direct current feed-in.
Background
The arrangement of the daily starting mode of the power grid needs to consider various safety constraints such as thermal stability, power angle stability, voltage stability, small interference stability, frequency modulation requirements, rotary standby arrangement and the like, and simultaneously considers economic constraints such as economic operation, power transaction and the like, so that the arrangement is complex. Under the condition of strong direct weak crossing, the voltage stability constraint of a receiving end power grid is often limited, and the starting mode is a key influence factor of the voltage stability constraint. A starting-up mode is optimized by depending on the existing simulation calculation analysis working mode, generally, a starting-up combination is arranged according to scheduling experience, then a shutdown unit is selected, stability check is carried out, and iteration is carried out repeatedly until a critical voltage stable starting-up scheme which can pass through under various preset faults is found out. The time and the labor are consumed in the repeated adjustment and calculation, and the weak receiving-end power grid is guided to carry out the startup mode adjustment by lacking quantitative indexes and reasonable strategies.
Disclosure of Invention
One aspect of the invention discloses a startup method for a weak receiving-end power grid supporting high-capacity direct current feed-in, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: screening a priority open-close line according to the grid structure of the receiving-end power grid and the tide result, wherein the priority open-close line comprises a 500kv line directly connected with a direct current access point or a line with the direct current near zone tide flow rate accounting for 20% of the prior line;
step 2: the priority open-close lines are opened one by one, and the vulnerability indexes of the priority open-close lines are calculated according to the initial load flows of the priority open-close lines and the load flow transfer entropies after the priority open-close lines are opened;
and step 3: sorting the vulnerability indexes from big to small, and screening the priority open circuit of which the vulnerability index accounts for the top 20% to construct an open circuit fault set;
and 4, step 4: counting the lowest point voltage of the bus under each open circuit fault in the open circuit fault set and the time for recovering to 0.8p.u., and calculating the bus voltage sag index under each open circuit fault in the open circuit fault set;
and 5: sorting the bus voltage sag indexes from large to small, screening out nodes of buses with the bus voltage sag indexes accounting for the first 20% of the bus voltage sag indexes, and constructing a voltage weak bus node set;
step 6: constructing a node impedance matrix of the system, and representing the electrical distance between each unit and each bus node in the voltage weak bus node set through node mutual impedance;
and 7: sequencing the electrical distances from near to far as a sequencing result of the voltage supporting capability of the unit;
and 8: and shutting down the units one by one, calculating the size of the maximum bearable direct current power input amount reduced for ensuring the safe and stable operation of a receiving-end power grid, sequencing the units from large to small, and checking the sequencing result of the voltage supporting capacity.
Preferably, the calculating the vulnerability index of each priority disconnection line according to the initial power flow of each priority disconnection line and the power flow transfer entropy after disconnection includes:
the vulnerability assessment index is as follows:
Figure RE-GDA0001557902930000021
where Pi is the initial power flow of the line li and HT(i) And transferring entropy for the power flow after the line li is disconnected.
Preferably, the power flow transition entropy includes:
Figure RE-GDA0001557902930000022
wherein, βkiFor the impact rate of power flow transfer, line l is representedkThe assumed line liThe ratio of power flow transfer to system impact, wherein the power flow transfer impact rate comprises:
Figure RE-GDA0001557902930000023
wherein, Δ λsΔ λ for the impact of the power flow transfer to the whole systemkiIs a line liPaired line after disconnectionRoad lkIn a tidal current surge of (1), wherein:
Figure RE-GDA0001557902930000024
Δλki＝Υki×ΔPki
wherein, Δ PkiIs a line lkSharing line liAmount of flow transfer after disconnection, gammakiThe weight occupied by each line, wherein:
ΔPki＝Pki-Pk0
wherein, PkiIs a line liLine l after disconnectionkUpward flow, Pk0Is a line lkAn initial power flow of above;
Figure RE-GDA0001557902930000031
wherein, Delta ηkiIn order for the load rate to change by an amount,
Figure RE-GDA0001557902930000032
wherein, Δ PkiIs a line lkSharing line liAmount of power flow transfer after disconnection, Δ PkmaxIs a line lkThe rated power of (2).
Preferably, the bus voltage sag indicator includes:
area of bus voltage under 0.8p.u. after fault removal:
Figure RE-GDA0001557902930000033
wherein, t0Represents the moment of fault removal, t represents the moment of bus voltage recovery to 0.8p.u., U (t) is a bus positive sequence voltage curve during fault disturbance, and SvAnd represents an area of the bus voltage at 0.8p.u after the fault is cut off.
Preferably, the distance of the electrical distance includes a mutual impedance between a unit and a bus node in a system node impedance matrix, the electrical distance with the large mutual impedance is short, and the electrical distance with the small mutual impedance is long; the voltage support capability ordering comprises that the voltage support capability close to the electrical distance is strong, the voltage support capability far from the electrical distance is weak, and the voltage support capability far from the electrical distance is weak.
Preferably, the checking the sequencing result of the support capability includes: and shutting down the units one by one, calculating the size of the maximum bearable direct current power input amount reduced for ensuring the safe and stable operation of the receiving-end power grid, and sequencing from large to small, wherein the units in the front of the sequence have strong voltage supporting capacity.
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The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent from the following description of embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
fig. 1 schematically illustrates a flow diagram of a weak-receiver grid start-up method supporting a large capacity dc feed according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a bus voltage schematic with a Hunan Tan Reversal-Helling line broken, according to an embodiment of the disclosure;
fig. 3 schematically illustrates a bus voltage schematic diagram under a connection and disconnection of a puddle change-ancient pavilion line according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the description is illustrative only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present disclosure.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the disclosure. The terms "comprises," "comprising," and the like, as used herein, specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, or components.
All terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art unless otherwise defined. It is noted that the terms used herein should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with the context of this specification and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense.
Where a convention analogous to "at least one of A, B and C, etc." is used, in general such a construction is intended in the sense one having skill in the art would understand the convention (e.g., "a system having at least one of A, B and C" would include but not be limited to systems that have a alone, B alone, C alone, a and B together, a and C together, B and C together, and/or A, B, C together, etc.). Where a convention analogous to "A, B or at least one of C, etc." is used, in general such a construction is intended in the sense one having skill in the art would understand the convention (e.g., "a system having at least one of A, B or C" would include but not be limited to systems that have a alone, B alone, C alone, a and B together, a and C together, B and C together, and/or A, B, C together, etc.). It will be further understood by those within the art that virtually any disjunctive word and/or phrase presenting two or more alternative terms, whether in the description, claims, or drawings, should be understood to contemplate the possibilities of including one of the terms, either of the terms, or both terms. For example, the phrase "a or B" should be understood to include the possibility of "a" or "B", or "a and B". For a strong and weak alternating-current end power grid, the contradiction between the requirement of shutting down the unit for absorbing high-capacity direct-current power and the deterioration of the voltage stability characteristic of the receiving end power grid caused by unit shutdown is particularly prominent. In order to maintain power balance and meet the requirement of environmental protection, the shutdown part of the unit of the weak receiving-end power grid has the necessity, so that in order to improve the voltage stability of the weak receiving-end power grid after direct current is fed in, the unit with poor shutdown voltage supporting capability is preferentially selected, and the unit with strong voltage supporting capability is kept as far as possible, namely, the startup mode of the weak receiving-end power grid is reasonably adjusted.
Therefore, the present disclosure provides a startup method for a weak receiving-end power grid supporting high-capacity direct-current feed-in, which may be applied to a startup method for a weak receiving-end power grid of high-capacity direct-current feed-in, where high capacity refers to a receiving-end power grid in which a direct-current feed-in capacity accounts for more than 30% of a load proportion of a receiving end, and a weak receiving end refers to a receiving-end power grid in which a direct-current feed-in capacity accounts for more than 30% of a load proportion of a receiving end.
Fig. 1 schematically shows a flowchart of a receive-side grid startup method supporting a dc feed according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
As shown in fig. 1, the method includes steps 1 to 8. In the embodiment of the disclosure, the voltage support capability of each generator set of the power grid in the south of the lake is sequenced by taking the example of feeding the direct current in the wine lake into the power grid in the south of the lake.
Step 1: and screening a priority open-close circuit according to the grid structure of the receiving end power grid and the tide result, wherein the priority open-close circuit comprises a 500kv circuit directly connected with a direct current access point or a circuit with the direct current near zone tide flow accounting for 20 percent as the priority open-close circuit.
For example, when the direct current of the wine lake is connected to the Hunan Tan load center in Hunan province, the load flow of the 500kv line near the Hunan Tan convertor station is heavier, and the disconnection of the 500kv line near the Hunan Tan convertor station has a larger impact on the safe operation of the direct current than the disconnection of the far line, so that the calculation range is narrowed, the line is disconnected near the Hunan Tan convertor station, and the line in the front of the sequence in the screening result can be shown in Table 1, for example.
TABLE 1
Breaking line Single circuit initial tide (MW)
Hunan pond chang-he ling 615.0
Hunan Tan chang-Gu pavilion 641.0
Hunan pond changing-boat mountain 563.9
Crane-Yuntian 416.6
Crane-ai Jia Chong 265.2
Ancient pavilion-boat mountain 218.1
Step 2: and switching on the screened priority switching-off lines one by one, and calculating the vulnerability index of each priority switching-off line according to the initial load flow of each priority switching-off line and the load flow transfer entropy after switching-off.
In the disclosed embodiment, the computed vulnerability index may be computed by the following formula.
The vulnerability assessment index can be represented by formula (1):
Figure RE-GDA0001557902930000061
in which Pi is the current of the line li, HT(i) And transferring entropy for the power flow after the circuit is disconnected. Wherein HT(i) Can be expressed by formula (2):
Figure RE-GDA0001557902930000062
formula (III) βkiFor the impact rate of power flow transfer, line l is representedkThe assumed line liβ ratio of power flow transfer to system impactkiCan be expressed by formula (3):
Figure RE-GDA0001557902930000063
in the formula, delta lambdasFor the impact of the power flow transfer on the whole system, it can be expressed by formula (4):
Figure RE-GDA0001557902930000064
in the formula, delta lambdakiIs a line liAfter disconnection, to line lkThe tidal current surge of (c) can be expressed by the formula (5):
Δλki＝Υki×ΔPki(5)
in the formula,. DELTA.PkiIs a line lkSharing line liThe amount of tidal flow transfer after disconnection can be expressed by equation (6):
ΔPki＝Pki-Pk0(6)
in the formula PkiIs a line liLine l after disconnectionkUpward flow, Pk0Is a line lkThe initial trend of the above. Wherein, γkiThe weight occupied for each line is represented by equation (7):
Figure RE-GDA0001557902930000065
wherein Δ ηkiFor the load rate change amount, it can be expressed by equation (8):
Figure RE-GDA0001557902930000071
for example, the obtained priority-off lines shown in table 1 are individually turned off, and the calculated vulnerability index may be shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
Breaking line Index of vulnerability
Hunan pond chang-he ling 623.45
Hunan Tan chang-Gu pavilion 569.96
Hunan pond changing-boat mountain 260.36
Crane-Yuntian 256.19
Crane-ai Jia Chong 138.54
Ancient pavilion-boat mountain 118.64
And step 3: and sorting the vulnerability indexes of the priority open-circuit lines from large to small, screening the priority open-circuit lines with the vulnerability indexes accounting for the first 20 percent to construct an open-circuit fault set.
According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, continuing the above example, the vulnerability indexes of Hunan Tan change-Ridge cut-off and Hunan Tan change-Guttin cut-off are large, which are 623.45 and 569.96 respectively, and indicate that the amount of power flow transfer caused by the disconnection of the two lines is huge and concentrated, and the system is most severely impacted. Therefore, a Hunan pond exchange-Crane ridge line and a Hunan pond exchange-ancient pavilion line are selected to form a disconnection line fault set.
And 4, step 4: and counting the lowest point voltage of each bus under each line open fault in the open-circuit line fault set and the time for recovering to 0.8p.u., and calculating the bus voltage sag index under each fault.
For example, continuing the above example, if the open-circuit fault set includes a Hunan Tan change-Helling circuit and a Hunan Tan change-ancient pavilion circuit, the bus voltage sag index of each bus under the open-circuit of the Hunan Tan change-Helling circuit and the Hunan Tan change-ancient pavilion circuit is calculated. As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, wherein fig. 2 schematically shows a bus voltage diagram under the condition that the Hunan Tan changes and the Helingling are disconnected according to an embodiment of the disclosure, and fig. 3 schematically shows a bus voltage diagram under the condition that the Hunan Tan changes and the Guttin are disconnected according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
The bus voltage sag index may be an area of the bus voltage after the fault is removed, which is below 0.8p.u., and may be represented by formula (9):
Figure RE-GDA0001557902930000072
for example, continuing the above example, each bus voltage sag index may be as shown in table 3.
TABLE 3
Figure RE-GDA0001557902930000081
And 5: and sorting the voltage sag indexes of the buses from large to small, and screening bus nodes with the sizes accounting for the first 20% to construct a voltage weak bus node set.
Under the N-1 fault of Hunan Tan change-Helingling, the Hunan Tan change and Helingling bus voltage sag indexes are larger and are respectively 0.116 and 0.094. Under the Hunan Tan changing-Guting N-1 fault, the indexes of Hunan Tan changing and the voltage sag of the Ridge bus are still large in the disturbance process, and are respectively 0.114 and 0.106. Therefore, a voltage weak bus node set is formed by selecting Hunan Tan replacement and Helling Ridge.
Step 6: and constructing a node impedance matrix of the system, and expressing the electrical distance of each unit to each bus node in the voltage weak bus node set through node mutual impedance.
Continuing the above example, the voltage weak bus node set includes Hunan Tan and Ridge, and the electrical distance is obtained by calculating the mutual impedance between the unit and Hunan Tan and Ridge according to the node impedance matrix, which may be specifically shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4
Machine set Machine set and Hunan pond exchange mutual impedance Mutual impedance of machine set and crane ridge
Xiangzhuizhou 0.001058 0.000966
Xiangtan pool 0.000908 0.001095
Hunan ripple source 0.000699 0.000824
Xiang Yi Yang 0.000626 0.000618
Xiang Yangshui Leishui 0.000617 0.000545
And 7: sorting the electrical distances from near to far as a sorting result of the voltage supporting capability of the unit;
the larger the mutual impedance between the unit and the weak voltage bus node in the node impedance matrix is, the closer the electrical distance is, the stronger the voltage support capability is, and by integrating the two groups of data in the table 4, the results of sequencing the unit from strong to weak in voltage support capability can be determined as Xiang Tan, Xiang Wentang, Xiang Liyuan, Xiang Yi Yang and Xiang Lei Yang.
And 8: shutting down each unit one by one, calculating the size of the bearable maximum direct current power input amount reduced for ensuring safe and stable operation of a receiving-end power grid, sequencing from large to small, and checking the sequencing result of the voltage supporting capacity;
the units are shut down one by one, and the maximum direct current power input amount reduced to ensure safe and stable operation of the receiving-end power grid is calculated as shown in table 5. In the disclosed embodiment, the ordering of step 7 may be checked in conjunction with the results of step 8. For example, as shown in table 4, where the relative mutual impedance of continent and puddle are close, the continent and puddle can be sorted with reference to the dc power in table 5.
TABLE 5
Machine set Shutdown unit must reduce DC power number (MW)
Xiangzhuizhou 400
Xiangtan pool 350
Hunan ripple source 200
Xiang Yi Yang 150
Xiang Yangshui Leishui 200
The unit which is ranked to the front is closer to the weak voltage node set in electrical distance, the voltage reactive power supporting capability is strong, the influence on the voltage stability of the receiving-end power grid after shutdown is large, the level of the fed-in direct current power needs to be reduced more greatly to ensure the safe and stable operation of the receiving-end power grid, otherwise, the unit which is ranked to the front is reserved as far as possible, and the direct current feeding capability of the receiving-end system can be effectively improved. Therefore, when the receiving-end power grid adjusts the starting mode for absorbing the direct-current power, the shutdown sequencing-later unit is preferentially selected to reserve the sequencing-earlier unit as far as possible, the problem of voltage stability deterioration caused by shutdown of the unit can be solved, and the safe feeding-in direct-current power of the receiving-end power grid is improved.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A minimum startup optimization method for a weak receiving end power grid supporting high-capacity direct current feed-in comprises the following steps:
step 1: screening a priority open-close line according to the grid structure of the receiving-end power grid and the tide result, wherein the priority open-close line comprises a 500kv line directly connected with a direct current access point or a line with the direct current near zone tide flow rate accounting for 20% of the prior line;
step 2: the priority open-close lines are opened one by one, and the vulnerability indexes of the priority open-close lines are calculated according to the initial load flows of the priority open-close lines and the load flow transfer entropies after the priority open-close lines are opened;
and step 3: sorting the vulnerability indexes from big to small, and screening the priority open circuit of which the vulnerability index accounts for the top 20% to construct an open circuit fault set;
and 4, step 4: counting the lowest point voltage of the bus under each open circuit fault in the open circuit fault set and the time for recovering to 0.8p.u., and calculating the bus voltage sag index under each open circuit fault in the open circuit fault set;
and 5: sorting the bus voltage sag indexes from large to small, screening out bus nodes of which the bus voltage sag indexes account for the first 20%, and constructing a voltage weak bus node set;
step 6: constructing a node impedance matrix of the system, and representing the electrical distance between each unit and each bus node in the voltage weak bus node set through node mutual impedance;
and 7: sequencing the electrical distances from near to far as a sequencing result of the voltage supporting capability of the unit;
and 8: and shutting down the units one by one, calculating the size of the maximum bearable direct current power input amount reduced for ensuring the safe and stable operation of a receiving-end power grid, sequencing the units from large to small, and checking the sequencing result of the voltage supporting capacity.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein calculating the vulnerability index of each of the preferentially-disconnected lines according to the initial power flow and the post-disconnection power flow transfer entropy of each of the preferentially-disconnected lines comprises:
the vulnerability index is:
Figure FDA0002461446480000011
where Pi is the initial power flow of the line li and HT(i) And transferring entropy for the power flow after the line li is disconnected.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the power flow transition entropy comprises:
Figure FDA0002461446480000021
wherein, βkiFor the impact rate of power flow transfer, line l is representedkThe assumed line liThe ratio of power flow transfer to system impact, wherein the power flow transfer impact rate comprises:
Figure FDA0002461446480000022
wherein, Δ λsΔ λ for the impact of the power flow transfer to the whole systemkiIs a line liAfter disconnection, to line lkIn a tidal current surge of (1), wherein:
Figure FDA0002461446480000023
Δλki＝γki×ΔPki
wherein, Δ PkiIs a line lkSharing line liAmount of flow transfer after disconnection, gammakiThe weight occupied by each line, wherein:
ΔPki＝Pki-Pk0
wherein, PkiIs a line liLine l after disconnectionkUpward flow, Pk0Is a line lkAn initial power flow of above;
Figure FDA0002461446480000024
wherein, Delta ηkiIn order for the load rate to change by an amount,
Figure FDA0002461446480000025
wherein, Δ PkiIs a line lkSharing line liAfter disconnectionAmount of tidal transfer, PkmaxIs a line lkThe rated power of (2).
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the bus voltage sag indicator comprises:
area of bus voltage under 0.8p.u. after fault removal:
Figure FDA0002461446480000026
wherein, t0Represents the moment of fault removal, t represents the moment of bus voltage recovery to 0.8p.u., U (t) is a bus positive sequence voltage curve during fault disturbance, and SvRepresenting the area of the bus voltage at 0.8p.u after fault removal.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein: the distance of the electrical distance comprises the size of the mutual impedance between a unit and a bus node in a system node impedance matrix, the electrical distance with large mutual impedance is short, and the electrical distance with small mutual impedance is long;
the voltage support capability ordering comprises that the voltage support capability close to the electrical distance is strong, the voltage support capability far from the electrical distance is weak, and the voltage support capability far from the electrical distance is weak.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the checking the support capability ordering results comprises:
and shutting down the units one by one, calculating the size of the maximum bearable direct current power input amount reduced for ensuring the safe and stable operation of the receiving-end power grid, and sequencing from large to small, wherein the units in the front of the sequence have strong voltage supporting capacity.
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