CN107784561A - The implementation method of online incentive mechanism in a kind of mobile mass-rent system - Google Patents

The implementation method of online incentive mechanism in a kind of mobile mass-rent system Download PDF

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CN107784561A
CN107784561A CN201711104645.XA CN201711104645A CN107784561A CN 107784561 A CN107784561 A CN 107784561A CN 201711104645 A CN201711104645 A CN 201711104645A CN 107784561 A CN107784561 A CN 107784561A
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user
mtd
task
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徐琴珍
李卓青
杨堤
杨绿溪
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Southeast University
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Southeast University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06QINFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q30/00Commerce
    • G06Q30/06Buying, selling or leasing transactions
    • G06Q30/08Auctions
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06QINFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q30/00Commerce
    • G06Q30/06Buying, selling or leasing transactions
    • G06Q30/0601Electronic shopping [e-shopping]
    • G06Q30/0611Request for offers or quotes

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of implementation method of online incentive mechanism in mobile mass-rent system.First, it is proposed improved multistage reverse auction algorithm, consider that location-based mobile mass-rent task covering and detecting period are modeled simultaneously, user's prestige assessment parameters are introduced in the definition of task requester benefit function, with reference to the maximum return ratio matching of " user task ", most suitable user is distributed into most suitable priority of task;Secondly, density threshold is adaptively adjusted in process of exchange by way of on-line study, optimizes user's selection result;Finally, the possibility broken a contract by evolutionary Game Analysis interests both sides, and the reputation updating algorithm with penalty period is proposed, encourage both sides to select credible behavior.Theory analysis and simulation result show that the present invention meets to calculate validity, the positive rentability of interests both sides and authenticity, more preferable system gain can be obtained under certain time and budgetary restraints, and encourage both sides to select credible behavior.

Description

The implementation method of online incentive mechanism in a kind of mobile mass-rent system
Technical field
The invention belongs to mobile social networking and data mining technology field, more particularly in a kind of mobile mass-rent system The implementation method of online incentive mechanism.
Background technology
Mass-rent is that a kind of distributed problem that internet is brought solves pattern.In recent years, with mobile device popularization and The fast development of wireless communication technology, the concept and related application of mobile mass-rent (expanding to intelligent perception, colony's calculating etc. again) Arise at the historic moment.User can be joined whenever and wherever possible using the abundant sensor built in smart machine and powerful storage, computing capability With mass-rent task, large-scale, machine and personal perception or the computational problem for being difficult to complete are completed.Task requester and user it Between the intervention of base station and mass-rent platform can also be weakened by Wifi, bluetooth, D2D direct communications, preferably carry out resource be total to Enjoy and task cooperative.Different from traditional mass-rent pattern based on Web, mobile mass-rent system has stronger real-time and movement Property, therefore can not solve relevant issues with existing off-line algorithm.
The resource and electricity of mobile device will necessarily be consumed because user participates in mass-rent task, or even geographical position etc. be present The threat of privacy leakage.Therefore, the design of incentive mechanism is particularly important.Traditional recruits and swashs on the user in mobile mass-rent The mechanism of encouraging is mostly based on offline synchronization scene, by Stackelberg games or the algorithms selection optimal user collection of greedy search, But it requires owner while submission is bidded or information discloses each other, be not suitable for the asynchronous real field that user arrives and departs from random Scape.Nearly 2 years, the asynchronous online auction algorithm of fixed threshold is set to be suggested first, M.bateni et al. proposes the two-stage afterwards Auction algorithm, refuse and the user profile bidded is submitted as referring to using the first stage, but this is unfair to the user early arrived Property;Zhao D et al. propose the thought of multistage auction algorithm, but do not take into full account the situation of interests both sides promise breaking.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the technical problem that above-mentioned background technology proposes, the present invention is intended to provide in a kind of mobile mass-rent system The implementation method of line incentive mechanism, consider the asynchronous real scene that arrives and departs from of user, by multistage reverse auction, automatically Threshold value is adjusted, realizes the optimal selection of both sides, and introduces Feedback Evaluation parameter and carries out reputation updating, is ensureing the same of Task Quality When maximize system benefit.
In order to realize above-mentioned technical purpose, the technical scheme is that:
The implementation method of online incentive mechanism, comprises the following steps in a kind of mobile mass-rent system:
Step 1:Task is issued and information exchange;
Step 1-1:Task requester release task message Represent j-th of subtask information, j= 1,2 ..., m, including subtask description, task location, master budget B and mission duration T;
Step 1-2:User reaches particular task region, if interested in some subtasks, can submit personal bid information, It is included in the subtask numbering, completeness and desired corresponding remuneration of the completion of deadline interior energy, and calculates user's completion The expectation contribution weight of certain task;
Step 2:User is completed using multistage reverse auction algorithm to recruit;
Step 2-1:Mass-rent task is temporally divided into multiple stages, calculates the deadline in each stage and each stage The budget of distribution;
Step 2-2:Density threshold ρ=the ε, ε for initializing the first stage are random positive nonzero number, the user's collection chosenCurrent total revenue U (S)=0, always spends P (S)=0;
Step 2-3:For submitting the user of bid information to carry out a task, it is specified that merchandising every time, preferential distribution Benefit ratio maximum and not being done for task, are marked to the task, avoid in the subtask list that can be completed to the user Duplicate allocation;
Step 2-4:If active user's bids less than current threshold value of bidding, and current Remaining Stages budget is enough to prop up The remuneration of the user is paid, then receives the user, task requester advance payment of remuneration, feedback result after user's completion task;Conversely, refuse Exhausted user, without transaction;
Step 2-5:Each stage terminates, and according to the trading situation for having selected user, updates density threshold, is recycled into down In the individual stage, continue to recruit;
Step 2-6:Reach mission duration T or master budget B to be exhausted, recruitment terminates;
Step 3:Quality Feedback and reputation updating;
Step 3-1:Quality is completed to the task of user to judge, be divided into two levels of good and bad by task requester Not;
Step 3-2:Credit rating is completed with reference to the prestige record before user and task, the current credit value of user is carried out Renewal, to implement rewards and punishments excitation, and the measurement index recruited as next time.
Further, in step 1-2, if vjFor the contribution weight of j-th of subtask, representing the task please for task The significance level and acquisition difficulty for the person of asking, xijThe proportion of the task is completed for user i, then user i completes the phase of j-th of subtask Hope contribution weight vij=xij*vj
Further, in step 2-2, the total revenue U (S) for defining task requester is each subtask income Uj(S) Sum:
In above formula,λ is systematic parameter, riFor the current credit values of user i, pij J-th of remuneration that subtask obtains is completed for user i.
Further, in step 2-3, selection makes uij/bijPriority of task distribution that is maximum and not being done, uijRepresent User i completes edge benefit corresponding to j-th of subtask, bijThe remuneration for completing it is expected to obtain in j-th of subtask for user i,
Further, step 2-4 detailed process is as follows:
Step 2-4-1:Calculate the current threshold value u that bidsij/ ρ and stage budget B'-P (S) remaining at present, and and bijCarry out Compare, if meeting bij≤uij/ ρ and bij≤B'-∑Pj(S), then receive the user and be traded, if not satisfied, refusal should User, without transaction;
Step 2-4-2:For trade user, task requester pays remuneration p in advanceij=bij, feedback letter after user's completion task Breath;Family collection S ← S ∪ { i }, total revenue U (S) ← U (S)+u are selected in renewalij, always spend P (S) ← P (S)+pij
Further, in step 2-1, the mission duration, T was divided intoThe individual stage, i.e.,:The deadline in i-th of stage isIt is corresponding Stage budget
Further, in step 2-5, if current time t=T', this stage terminate;Update density threshold ρ=U (S)/(δ * P (S)), δ are the positive nonzero number of setting, update budget and the time in next stage:B' ← 2B', T' ← 2T'.
Further, in step 3-2, reputation updatings of the user i after k-th of task is completed is as follows:
In above formula,For the current credit values of user i,For the credit value after its transaction, rmaxFor system user prestige Maximum, the prestige value set of each mission requirements is θ={ θ01,...,θm, wherein θ0It is the minimum prestige threshold value of system, θ1, θ2,...,θm≥θ0Task is corresponded to respectivelyIt is required that minimum credit value, q represents what task requester was completed to user The evaluation of Task Quality.
The beneficial effect brought using above-mentioned technical proposal:
The present invention is broadly divided into multistage reverse auction and two processes of reputation updating with penalty period, pre- to save respectively It is target to calculate and control quality.In multistage reverse auction, at the same consider location-based mobile mass-rent task covering and Detecting period is modeled, and prestige parameter is introduced to the definition of benefit function, and adaptive adjustment is each in user's selection course The density threshold in stage, realizes the maximizing the benefits under certain budget and time-constrain, and guaranteed benefit both sides select it is credible Behavior, mass-rent task can be preferably instructed to be smoothed out in reality.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the general frame figure of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the multistage reverse auction algorithm flow chart of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the reputation updating algorithm flow chart with penalty period of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the present embodiment schematic diagram stage by stage;
Fig. 5 is multistage reverse auction algorithm income performance comparison diagram;
Fig. 6 is multistage reverse auction algorithm time performance comparison diagram;
Fig. 7 is the reputation updating algorithm effect comparison diagram with penalty period.
Embodiment
Below with reference to accompanying drawing, technical scheme is described in detail.
The implementation method of online incentive mechanism in a kind of mobile mass-rent system, its general frame is as shown in figure 1, including following Step.
Step 1:Task is issued and information exchange.
Task requester release task messageIncluding subtask description, task location, master budget B and Mission duration T.
User can combine oneself user trajectory and preference in forthcoming generations, submit what can be completed at the appointed time (mission number, performance level, expected return) collects.Each subtask possesses different contribution weight vj, represent the task for The significance level and acquisition difficulty of task requester, it is multiplied by the completion proportion x of userij, then obtain the user and complete the part times The contribution weight v of businessij=xij*vj.The bid information that so user i is submitted is represented by { (vi1,bi1),(vi2,bi2),..., (vic,bic)}。
Step 2:User is completed using multistage reverse auction algorithm to recruit;
Mass-rent task is temporally divided into multiple stages, calculate each stage deadline and each stage distribution it is pre- Calculate.Specifically, mission duration T is divided intoThe individual stage, i.e.,:The The deadline in i stage isCorresponding stage budget
Density threshold ρ=the ε, ε for initializing the first stage are random positive nonzero number, the user's collection chosenIt is current total Income U (S)=0, always spend P (S)=0.Assuming that credit value current user i is ri, user i, which completes task, needs generation for spending Valency is ci, the remuneration of acquisition is pi.Then the revenue function of user is:
Wherein S is represented and is selected family collection.The total revenue function for defining task requester is the income sum of each subtask:
WhereinFor User reliability and the product of task weight, the task is completed for weighing user It is expected to the income brought to task requester;For total cost of the task requester to this task;λ is system Parameter.The dull Submodular function reflects the trend of diminishing marginal benefits in economics, suitable for many reality scenes.
For submitting the user of bid information to carry out a task, it is specified that merchandising every time, the user is preferentially distributed to Benefit ratio maximum and not being done for task, are marked to the task, avoid duplicate allocation in the subtask list that can be completed. In bid information the set { (v that user submitsi1,bi1),(vi2,bi2),...,(vic,bic) in selection income than highest task User preferentially is distributed to, that is, calculates user i and completes edge benefit corresponding to each subtask jSelection makes uij/bijTimes that be maximum and not being done The preferential transaction of business.
Calculate the current threshold value u that bidsij/ ρ and stage budget B'-P (S) remaining at present, and and bijIt is compared, if Meet bij≤uij/ ρ and bij≤B'-∑Pj(S), then receive the user and be traded, if not satisfied, refusing the user, do not enter Row transaction.For trade user, task requester pays remuneration p in advanceij=bij, feedback information after user's completion task;Renewal has been selected User collects S ← S ∪ { i }, total revenue U (S) ← U (S)+uij, always spend P (S) ← P (S)+pij
If current time t=T', this stage terminate;Density threshold ρ=U (S)/(δ * P (S)) is updated, δ is the non-of setting Zero positive number, update budget and the time in next stage:B' ← 2B', T' ← 2T'.
Reach the mission duration or master budget is exhausted, recruitment terminates.Fig. 2 is the flow chart of step 2.
Step 3:Quality Feedback and the reputation updating with penalty period.
Quality is completed to the task of user to judge, be divided into two ranks of good and bad, respectively table by task requester Show that user takes credible behavior and insincere behavior.
Credit rating is completed with reference to the prestige record before user and task, the current credit value of user is updated, with Implement rewards and punishments excitation, and the measurement index recruited as next time.IfFor the current credit values of user i,For its task k that merchandises Credit value afterwards.Define rmaxFor the maximum of system user prestige, the prestige value set of each mission requirements is θ={ θ0, θ1,...,θm, wherein θ0It is the minimum prestige threshold value of system, θ12,...,θm≥θ0Task is corresponded to respectivelyIt is required that Minimum credit value, 0≤θ≤10.Definition represents the evaluation for the Task Quality that task requester is completed to user.Then user i is complete It is as follows into the reputation updating algorithm after task k:
Cause is method assumes that complete task, therefore mainly user side is carried out anti-after task requester elder generation payt, user Feedback evaluation and rewards and punishments excitation.If user first completes payt after task requester, it is also possible to which same method is to task requester Remuneration payment behavior carry out Feedback Evaluation, to avoid the selfish violations of any one party.In improved reputation updating algorithm, Define prestige threshold set θ={ θ01,...,θm, with the excessive punishment problem for avoiding single threshold value from bringing.
If user wins the favorable judgment in the task, credit value is+1 on the basis of original, upper limit rmax
Commented if user obtains difference in the task, butThen credit value is reduced to θk- 1, do not allow again Participate in shelves task;
Commented if user obtains difference in the task, andThen credit value is reduced to θ0, still have an opportunity Credit value is set to go up by completing the relatively low task of credit value;
Commented if user obtains difference in the task, andThen credit value is reduced to 0, into penalty period, User can only by gratuitously participate in task and obtain high praise credit value is gradually gone up to normal;
Credit value disqualification participates in the task less than the user of the lowest threshold of current task requirement, i.e.,When, hand over Easily without, user's credit value is constant, still for
During punishment, if user wins the favorable judgment in the task, credit value+1, until credit value goes back up to system thresholds θ0, continue normal participation task;If user continues to obtain difference in the task and commented, directly expelled, had no chance again by system Participate in other any tasks.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of step 3.
In the present embodiment, master budget B=80, mission duration T=8 are taken, then mass-rent process can be divided intoIndividual stage, time and budget corresponding to each stage are respectively:1,10;2,20;4,40;8,80, such as Fig. 4 It is shown.Density threshold ρ=1/2 is initialized, density threshold is the normative reference of current generation recruitment of users, is tied according to each stage The performance information for the sample of users that Shu Shiyi chooses is calculated, and represents task requester and pays that unit remuneration is minimum to be received Border benefit.A relatively low density threshold is initialized, had both ensured both sides' income, encourages user to reach as early as possible again.Fig. 5 is this Invent the multistage reverse auction algorithm proposed and constant density thresholding algorithm, fixed bid thresholding algorithm and random algorithm income Performance comparison figure.Fig. 6 is that multistage reverse auction algorithm proposed by the present invention contrasts with constant density thresholding algorithm time performance Figure.Fig. 7 is reputation updating algorithm proposed by the present invention and single threshold value reputation updating algorithm effect comparison diagram, proposed by the present invention The accounting of trusted users can be maintained at a higher state under reputation updating algorithm, and avoid to the excessive of potential high quality user Punishment problem.
The technological thought of above example only to illustrate the invention, it is impossible to protection scope of the present invention is limited with this, it is every According to technological thought proposed by the present invention, any change done on the basis of technical scheme, the scope of the present invention is each fallen within Within.

Claims (8)

1. the implementation method of online incentive mechanism in a kind of mobile mass-rent system, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step 1:Task is issued and information exchange;
Step 1-1:Task requester release task message Represent j-th of subtask information, j=1, 2 ..., m, including subtask description, task location, master budget B and mission duration T;
Step 1-2:User reaches particular task region, if interested in some subtasks, can submit personal bid information, including Subtask numbering, completeness and the desired corresponding remuneration that can be completed within deadline, and calculate user and complete certain The expectation contribution weight of business;
Step 2:User is completed using multistage reverse auction algorithm to recruit;
Step 2-1:Mass-rent task is temporally divided into multiple stages, calculates deadline and the distribution of each stage in each stage Budget;
Step 2-2:Density threshold ρ=the ε, ε for initializing the first stage are random positive nonzero number, the user's collection chosenWhen Preceding total revenue U (S)=0, always spend P (S)=0;
Step 2-3:For submitting the user of bid information to carry out a task, it is specified that merchandising every time, this is preferentially distributed to Benefit ratio maximum and not being done for task, are marked to the task, avoid repeating in the subtask list that user can complete Distribution;
Step 2-4:If active user's bids less than current threshold value of bidding, and current Remaining Stages budget is enough to pay this The remuneration of user, then receive the user, task requester advance payment of remuneration, feedback result after user's completion task;Conversely, refusal should User, without transaction;
Step 2-5:Each stage terminates, and according to the trading situation for having selected user, updates density threshold, is recycled into next rank Section, continues to recruit;
Step 2-6:Reach mission duration T or master budget B to be exhausted, recruitment terminates;
Step 3:Quality Feedback and reputation updating;
Step 3-1:Quality is completed to the task of user to judge, be divided into two ranks of good and bad by task requester;
Step 3-2:Credit rating is completed with reference to the prestige record before user and task, the current credit value of user is carried out more Newly, to implement rewards and punishments excitation, and as the measurement index of recruitment next time.
2. according to claim 1 in a kind of mobile mass-rent system online incentive mechanism implementation method, it is characterised in that In step 1-2, if vjFor the contribution weight of j-th of subtask, the task is represented for the significance level of task requester and is obtained Take difficulty, xijThe proportion of the task is completed for user i, then user i completes the expectation contribution weight v of j-th of subtaskij=xij* vj
3. according to claim 2 in a kind of mobile mass-rent system online incentive mechanism implementation method, it is characterised in that In step 2-2, the total revenue U (S) for defining task requester is each subtask income Uj(S) sum:
In above formula,λ is systematic parameter, riFor the current credit values of user i, pijFor with Family i completes j-th of remuneration that subtask obtains.
4. according to claim 3 in a kind of mobile mass-rent system online incentive mechanism implementation method, it is characterised in that In step 2-3, selection makes uij/bijPriority of task distribution that is maximum and not being done, uijRepresent user i and complete j-th of subtask Corresponding edge benefit, bijThe remuneration for completing it is expected to obtain in j-th of subtask for user i,
5. according to claim 4 in a kind of mobile mass-rent system online incentive mechanism implementation method, it is characterised in that step Rapid 2-4 detailed process is as follows:
Step 2-4-1:Calculate the current threshold value u that bidsij/ ρ and stage budget B'-P (S) remaining at present, and and bijIt is compared, If meet bij≤uij/ ρ and bij≤B'-∑Pj(S), then receive the user and be traded, if not satisfied, refuse the user, Without transaction;
Step 2-4-2:For trade user, task requester pays remuneration p in advanceij=bij, feedback information after user's completion task;More Newly family collection S ← S ∪ { i }, total revenue U (S) ← U (S)+u are selectedij, always spend P (S) ← P (S)+pij
6. according to claim 1 in a kind of mobile mass-rent system online incentive mechanism implementation method, it is characterised in that In step 2-1, the mission duration, T was divided intoThe individual stage, i.e.,:The The deadline in i stage isCorresponding stage budget
7. according to claim 6 in a kind of mobile mass-rent system online incentive mechanism implementation method, it is characterised in that In step 2-5, if current time t=T', this stage terminate;Density threshold ρ=U (S)/(δ * P (S)) is updated, δ is setting Positive nonzero number, update budget and the time in next stage:B' ← 2B', T' ← 2T'.
8. the implementation method of online incentive mechanism in a kind of mobile mass-rent system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that In step 3-2, reputation updatings of the user i after k-th of task is completed is as follows:
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In above formula,For the current credit values of user i,For the credit value after its transaction, rmaxFor the maximum of system user prestige Value, the prestige value set of each mission requirements is θ={ θ01,...,θm, wherein θ0It is the minimum prestige threshold value of system, θ1, θ2,...,θm≥θ0Task is corresponded to respectivelyIt is required that minimum credit value, q represents what task requester was completed to user The evaluation of Task Quality.
CN201711104645.XA 2017-11-10 2017-11-10 The implementation method of online incentive mechanism in a kind of mobile mass-rent system Pending CN107784561A (en)

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CN109086976A (en) * 2018-07-11 2018-12-25 陕西师范大学 A kind of method for allocating tasks towards intelligent perception
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CN110061863B (en) * 2019-03-25 2021-10-19 浙江理工大学 Distributed multi-task crowd-sourcing sensing method based on fairness in sparse network
CN110061863A (en) * 2019-03-25 2019-07-26 浙江理工大学 A kind of distributed multi-task intelligent perception method based on fairness in sparse network
CN110061862A (en) * 2019-03-25 2019-07-26 浙江理工大学 A kind of distributed multi-task intelligent perception method based on fairness in dense network
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CN111429104A (en) * 2020-04-03 2020-07-17 青岛大学 Crowdsourcing item execution device, method, equipment and readable storage medium
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