CN107783442B - Method for removing tremble in underwater use of electronic switch - Google Patents
Method for removing tremble in underwater use of electronic switch Download PDFInfo
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- CN107783442B CN107783442B CN201610720164.0A CN201610720164A CN107783442B CN 107783442 B CN107783442 B CN 107783442B CN 201610720164 A CN201610720164 A CN 201610720164A CN 107783442 B CN107783442 B CN 107783442B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
- G05B19/0423—Input/output
- G05B19/0425—Safety, monitoring
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/20—Pc systems
- G05B2219/26—Pc applications
- G05B2219/2612—Data acquisition interface
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for removing trembling of an electronic switch used underwater, which is characterized in that a periodic high-low alternative working voltage is provided for the electronic switch, a proper sampling time point is selected by debugging by utilizing the characteristic of water resistance, and an accurate signal is acquired and analyzed so as to judge whether the electronic switch positioned underwater is pressed down by a person. Compared with the method that waterproof glue is coated in the electronic switch or the electronic switch is provided with a waterproof structure through structural improvement, the method adopts a mode of combining software and hardware, so that the electronic switch can normally work underwater on the premise of not performing waterproof treatment, and has great cost advantage.
Description
Technical Field
the invention relates to the technical field of electronics, in particular to a method for removing trembling of an electronic switch used underwater.
Background
In some cases, it is desirable to operate the electronic switch underwater. However, since water has conductivity, the electronic switch placed in water is conducted by water even if it is not pressed. Fig. 1 shows a conventional connection of an electronic switch to a chip. The electronic switch SB is connected with the pull-up resistor R in series, the other end of the pull-up resistor R is connected with the power supply V1, the other end of the electronic switch SB is grounded, and the connection point of the electronic switch SB and the pull-up resistor R is connected with the I/O interface of the chip. Under the condition that the SB is disconnected, an I/O interface of the chip is high-level input; and when SB is closed, the I/O interface of the chip is a low level input. When the electronic switch is put under water, the two contacts of the electronic switch are conducted by water, and the input of the I/O interface of the chip is changed from high level to low level.
From the law of motion of the charges, negatively charged electrons move toward a high potential in an electric field. After the electronic switch is placed under water, the two contacts generate an electric field due to potential difference, and negatively charged particles in the water move from the low-potential contact to the high-potential contact, so that current flowing through the electronic switch is generated. The water is uniformly distributed with the negatively charged particles in the natural state, the moving speed of the negatively charged particles in the water in the electric field is the highest at the moment that the electronic switch enters the water, and the moving speed of the negatively charged particles in the electric field to the high-potential contact point is gradually reduced along with the increase of the concentration of the negatively charged particles collected at the high-potential contact point. Macroscopically, the electrical resistance of the water present between the two contacts of the electronic switch increases gradually starting from the instant the electronic switch is switched on by the water.
after the electronic switch is conducted by water, the pull-up resistor and the water resistor between the two contacts of the electronic switch form a voltage division circuit, and the input voltage of the I/O interface of the chip is compacted into voltage obtained by dividing the water resistor. After the electronic switch is conducted by water, the water resistance between two contacts of the electronic switch is gradually increased, the input voltage of the I/O interface of the chip is also increased, and finally the input of the I/O interface of the chip is changed from low level to high level. In the whole process, no one touches the electronic switch, and the input of the I/O interface of the chip is changed from high level to low level and then to high level, which is the reason that the electronic switch shakes when operating underwater. The shaking often results in the electronic switch not being used normally under water.
In the prior art, in order to normally work an electronic switch underwater, a waterproof glue is generally coated in the electronic switch or the structure of the electronic switch is improved so that the structure of the electronic switch has a waterproof function. Both of these approaches increase the manufacturing cost of the electronic switch, which is clearly unacceptable in mass production.
Disclosure of Invention
the invention aims to provide a method for removing trembling of an electronic switch used underwater so as to reduce the cost of using the electronic switch underwater.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
A method for debouncing an electronic switch for underwater use, comprising the steps of:
S1, providing a periodic high-low alternating working voltage for an electronic switch;
S2, when the working voltage outputs high voltage, a sampling module is utilized to conduct voltage trial collection on a high potential end of the electronic switch, a time point when the collected voltage is larger than the resolution of the sampling module is used as a key signal sampling starting time, a time point when the working voltage changes from high to low is used as a key signal sampling ending time, and a time period between the key signal sampling ending time and the key signal sampling starting time is used as a key signal sampling time period;
S3, selecting a time point in a key signal sampling time period as a key signal sampling time point, and carrying out periodic sampling synchronous with working voltage on the basis of the time point to obtain a sampling signal;
and S4, analyzing the voltage value of the sampling signal to judge whether the electronic switch is pressed down by a person.
Through the scheme, the signal sampling can be carried out after the partial pressure on the water resistance between the two contacts of the electronic switch is increased to be larger than the resolution ratio of the sampling module, so that the effective level change of the electronic switch can be detected, whether a person presses the electronic switch or not can be accurately judged, and the electronic switch can also normally play a role underwater.
as a preferable scheme: the step S3 further includes sampling a plurality of sampling signals within a sampling time period, and the step S4 further includes analyzing the obtained sampling signals to exclude interference signals.
By the scheme, the influence of the interference signal on the key signal can be eliminated, and misjudgment is avoided.
as a preferable scheme: the waveform of the working voltage is square wave.
As a preferable scheme: the waveform of the working voltage is a sine half wave.
As a preferable scheme: the step S2 further includes adjusting a resistance value of a pull-up resistor of the electronic switch.
As a preferable scheme: for the copper sheet type electronic switch, the first step comprises the steps of providing a first working voltage with periodic high-low alternation to one end of the electronic switch and providing a second working voltage with periodic high-low alternation to the other end of the electronic switch, wherein the periods of the first working voltage and the second working voltage are the same, and the phase difference between the first working voltage and the second working voltage is 180 degrees.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: compared with the method that waterproof glue is coated in the electronic switch or the electronic switch is provided with a waterproof structure through structural improvement, the method adopts a mode of combining software and hardware, so that the electronic switch can normally work underwater on the premise of not performing waterproof treatment, and has great cost advantage.
drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the connection of a single electronic switch according to one embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a connection manner of a plurality of electronic switches according to an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating underwater operation of the electronic switch according to the first embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the underwater operation of the electronic switch according to the second embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the connection of a plurality of electronic switches according to a third embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the underwater operation of the electronic switch according to the third embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an embodiment of an electronic switch for underwater operation;
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the connection mode of a single electronic switch in the fifth embodiment.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows:
Referring to fig. 1, an electronic switch is connected in series with a pull-up resistor, the other end of the electronic switch is grounded, the other end of the pull-up resistor is connected to a power supply V, a connection point of the pull-up resistor and the electronic switch is connected to an I/O interface of an I/O chip, and an output terminal of the I/O chip is connected to a motherboard.
Referring to fig. 2, the waveform of the power source V is a sinusoidal half wave. The sinusoidal waveform section of the power supply V is a high voltage section, while the other sections are low voltage sections. The disconnected electronic switch is put into water, and an electric field is formed between two contacts of the electronic switch in a high-voltage section. Under the action of the electric field, negatively charged particles in water move from a grounding contact (a low potential contact) of the electronic switch to a contact (a high potential contact) of the electronic switch, which is connected with the pull-up resistor, so that current flowing through the electronic switch is formed, the electronic switch is conducted by the water, and the pull-up resistor and the water resistor form a voltage division circuit. At the moment when the electronic switch is turned on, the water resistance is smaller because the moving speed of the negatively charged particles in the water is higher, and then the water resistance is continuously increased, the voltage obtained by dividing the water resistance is increased, and the input voltage of the I/O interface is also increased. In the low-voltage section of the power supply V, as the electric field between two contacts of the electronic switch is greatly weakened or even disappears, negatively charged particles gathered at a high-potential contact before the electronic switch can be freely diffused, so that the negatively charged particles in water tend to be uniform, the water resistance is reduced, the input of the I/O interface is changed into a low level, and when the power supply V outputs high voltage again, the water resistance is increased, and the process is circulated.
In general, the criteria for determining whether the input of the I/O interface is high or low are: when the input voltage of the I/O interface is greater than 1/3Vcc, the input of the I/O interface is judged to be high level, namely the electronic switch is in an off state; when the input voltage of the I/O interface is less than 1/4Vcc, the input of the I/O interface is judged to be low level, namely the electronic switch is in an on state (wherein Vcc is the working voltage of the chip), which is the resolution of the I/O chip. When the voltage divided by the water resistor rises to be greater than 1/4Vcc, the I/O interface inputs low level even if a person does not press the electronic switch; when the voltage divided by the water resistor rises to be greater than 1/3Vcc, if no one presses the resistor switch, the I/O interface inputs high level.
Obviously, after the electronic switch is placed in water, before the water resistance is increased to 1/3 of the pull-up resistor, the voltage acquisition is carried out on the I/O interface, and the condition of error acquisition is bound to exist, so that the misjudgment is caused. To ensure the accuracy of the acquisition, the voltage of the I/O interface should be acquired after the water resistance is increased to 1/3 of the pull-up resistance. For convenience of explanation, the time point when the water resistance increases to 1/3 of the pull-up resistance is defined as t.
After the electronic switch is connected with the chip, debugging is needed, specifically, the voltage acquisition time point of the I/O interface is adjusted.
In the present embodiment, the adjustment of the voltage acquisition time point of the I/O interface is realized by a program. After the mainboard where the chip is located is in communication connection with a computer, a debouncing program runs in a compiling environment, the debouncing program controls the time points of voltage acquisition in a time sequence control mode, and the interval between two adjacent acquisition time points is one period of a power supply V. And adjusting the acquisition time point in the debounce program to enable the acquisition time point to be positioned after the time point t in the high-voltage section of the power supply V, and burning the debugged debounce program into the mainboard. The power supply V periodically outputs high-low alternating voltage to provide reference for the acquisition time point of the I/O interface, so that the acquisition rhythm has a time law, and if a stabilized voltage supply is adopted, the sampling time point of the I/O interface cannot be determined.
In addition, on the premise of not adjusting the voltage acquisition time point of the I/O interface, the debugging can be carried out by adjusting the resistance value of the pull-up resistor. For the same water quality, under the same electric field intensity, the change trend of the motion rate of the negatively charged particles in the water is consistent, that is, the time for the water resistance to rise to a certain value is constant, and under the condition that program debugging is not carried out, the adjustable resistance can be used as a pull-up resistance, and the debugging is completed by adjusting the resistance value of the adjustable resistance, so that the water resistance can rise to 1/3 which is the current resistance value of the adjustable resistance at the fixed acquisition time point of the I/O interface voltage.
In actual underwater use, voltage is not collected in a time period before a time point t of the time point of the electronic switch in a high-voltage section of the power supply V, and the mainboard does not have any response when a person presses the electronic switch in the time period, so that the judgment of a key signal is not influenced; and after the time point t, acquiring a level signal of the I/O interface, wherein the level of the I/O interface is already changed into a high level, if a person does not press the electronic switch, the level of the I/O interface is not changed, the I/O interface is regarded as a key-free signal, but if the person presses the electronic switch at the time, the level of the I/O interface is changed from the high level to a low level immediately, the I/O interface is regarded as a key-on signal, the voltage of the I/O interface is acquired after the time point t, and the voltage is matched with a shake removal program, so that whether the person presses the electronic switch located under water can be accurately detected, and when the electronic switch is detected to be pressed, the mainboard responds to execute corresponding action. After the electronic switch is pressed down, in order to ensure that the next pressing action of the human hand can be accurately detected, the water resistance between two contacts of the electronic switch needs to be quickly restored to an initial value, that is, after the electronic switch is pressed down, the output of the voltage V needs to be adjusted, so that the power supply V outputs low voltage, and the water resistance is quickly reduced. In this embodiment, the voltage collection time point of the I/O interface is preferably at the moment before the output voltage of the power supply V changes from high to low (see fig. 2, and the arrow in fig. 2 indicates the voltage collection time point of the I/O interface). Through the scheme, the electronic switch can be normally used underwater.
Generally, the period of the power source V is in the order of milliseconds, which is shorter than the time interval between two rapid presses of the electronic switch by a typical human finger. Therefore, when a person randomly presses the electronic switch, the pressing action of the hand can be accurately detected, and the embarrassment that the person presses the electronic button before the time point t of the high-voltage section of the power supply V and cannot detect the pressing action of the hand is avoided. Theoretically, the shorter the period of the voltage V is, the more accurately the pressing action can be detected when the electronic switch is randomly pressed by a human hand.
it should be noted that: when the electronic switch is used underwater, the interference signal in water can hardly cause interference to the collection of the key signal, and the misjudgment is caused. Therefore, there is a need to eliminate the effect of the interference signal on the sampling. The shaking removing program is set to have a counting function of sampling times, the shaking removing program counts the sampling times while controlling sampling of the I/O interface, signals collected from the I/O interface for the first time are not processed immediately, and are not processed for the second time until the third time, so that the influence of interference signals on judgment of key signals is prevented. Because the duration of the interference signal is very short, and when a human hand presses the switch, the human hand has short dwell time, which is much longer than the signal period, namely, the time interval of the interference signal is much longer than the time interval of two times of signal acquisition, namely, the duration of the interference signal is much shorter than the duration of the human hand pressing the electronic switch, the level of the sampling signal is analyzed through three times of signal acquisition, if the signals acquired continuously for three times are all low level signals, the human hand presses the electronic switch instead of the interference signal, the human hand pressing or the interference signal can be distinguished by the fault-tolerant mechanism, and the accuracy of judgment is improved.
example two:
the difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that the output voltage waveform of the power source V in the second embodiment is a square wave, refer to fig. 3. Compared with a power supply with sine half-wave output voltage waveform, the power supply V with square wave output voltage waveform can better pre-judge the speed change trend of the movement of negatively charged particles in water between two contacts of the electronic switch in a high-level section, namely the change trend of water resistance is better judged, the debugging is convenient, and the debugging time is shortened.
Example three:
The present embodiment is directed to an electronic switch made of a metal having a high activity. The following is a detailed description of a common copper sheet type electronic switch:
Copper sheet type electronic switches are more susceptible to corrosion underwater than stainless steel sheet type electronic switches due to the higher activity of copper than steel. Therefore, it is important to make the copper sheet type electronic switch used underwater, and to prolong the service life thereof.
referring to fig. 5, the electronic switch is connected in series with a pull-up resistor, the other end of which is connected to a power supply V1, and the other end of which is connected to a power supply V2.
referring to fig. 6, the output voltage waveforms of power V1 and power V2 are both sine waves, and the output voltage waveform of power V1 is the same as the period of the voltage output waveform of power V2 and the phases of the two waveforms are different by 180 degrees. Here, the output voltages of the power supplies V1 and V2 are always positive voltages, where the first half of the voltage waveform is a high voltage section and the second half of the voltage waveform is a low voltage section.
The voltage of the I/O interface is collected in a high-voltage section of the power supply V1, and the collection time point is located at the moment before the output of the power supply V1 changes from the high-voltage section to a low-voltage section. When the power supply V1 outputs high voltage, the power supply V2 outputs low voltage, a high-potential contact of the electronic switch is a contact connected with a pull-up resistor, electrons are released by a copper sheet of the electronic switch under the action of an electric field, the copper sheet is subjected to electric corrosion, and the copper sheet is positively charged; when the power supply V2 outputs a high voltage, the power supply V1 outputs a low voltage, at this time, the directions of electric fields of two contacts of the electronic switch are reversed, negatively charged particles in water move in a reverse direction, electrons carried by the negatively charged particles are attracted by a positively charged copper sheet, the copper sheet is supplemented by the electrons, and when the power supply V1 outputs a high voltage again, the copper sheet releases the electrons, and the process is repeated. By the scheme, the corrosion of the copper sheet can be slowed down, and the service life of the copper sheet type electronic switch used underwater is prolonged.
example four:
The difference between this embodiment and the third embodiment is that the output voltage waveforms of the power supply V1 and the power supply V2 are both square waves, the high level of both power supplies is 5V, and the low level of both power supplies is 0V. In one period, the high level duration of the power supply V1 is smaller than the low level duration thereof, the period, the high level duration and the low level duration of the power supply V2 and the power supply V1 are all the same (t 1= t 2), the phase of the power supply V2 and the phase of the power supply V1 are different, and the time point of the rising edge of the power supply V2 coincides with the time point of the falling edge of the power supply V1, see fig. 7. In this embodiment, the voltage acquisition time point of the I/O interface is the same as that of the embodiment.
Compared with sine wave voltage, under the condition of square wave voltage, the change trend of the motion rate of negatively charged particles in an electric field between two contacts of the electronic switch is better judged, and the debugging time can be shortened.
Example five:
The difference between the fifth embodiment and the third embodiment is that the I/O chip is replaced with an AD converter, see fig. 8. The power supply arrangement of the fifth embodiment is the same as that of the fourth embodiment.
For the I/O chip, the I/O chip needs to wait until the partial pressure of the water resistance is greater than 1/3Vcc to detect the key signal; the AD converter has a higher resolution without waiting for the divided voltage of the water resistance to rise to 1/3 Vcc. Therefore, for the AD converter, the time point of key signal acquisition can be advanced, so that the acquisition of signals can be started earlier, and the period of signal acquisition is shortened; in addition, when the AD converter is used, the time interval for carrying out signal acquisition for multiple times can be shortened, signal acquisition for more times can be carried out within the time of the action of the prior fault-tolerant mechanism, the judgment accuracy is improved, and the influence of interference signals is eliminated more effectively.
Compared with the method that waterproof glue is coated in the electronic switch or the electronic switch is provided with a waterproof structure through structural improvement, the method adopts a mode of combining software and hardware, so that the electronic switch can normally work underwater on the premise of not performing waterproof treatment, and has great cost advantage.
the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and are considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. a method for removing trembles in underwater use of an electronic switch is characterized by comprising the following steps:
S1, providing a periodic high-low alternating working voltage for the electronic switch;
S2, when the working voltage outputs high voltage, the sampling module is used for conducting voltage trial collection on the high potential end of the electronic switch, the time point when the collected voltage is larger than the resolution of the sampling module is used as the sampling starting time of the key signal, the time point when the working voltage changes from high to low is used as the sampling ending time of the key signal, and the time period between the sampling ending time of the key signal and the sampling starting time of the key signal is used as the sampling time period of the key signal;
s3, selecting a time point in the key signal sampling time period as a key signal sampling time point, and carrying out periodic sampling synchronous with the working voltage on the basis of the time point to obtain a sampling signal;
And S4, analyzing the voltage value of the sampling signal to judge whether the electronic switch is pressed down by a person.
2. The method of debouncing an electronic switch for underwater use according to claim 1, wherein: also included in step S3 is
a plurality of sampling signals are obtained by sampling a plurality of times within one sampling period, and the step of S4 further includes the step of analyzing each obtained sampling signal to exclude interference signals.
3. the method of debouncing an electronic switch for underwater use according to claim 1, wherein: the waveform of the working voltage is square wave.
4. the method of debouncing an electronic switch for underwater use according to claim 1, wherein: the waveform of the working voltage is a sine half wave.
5. the method of debouncing an electronic switch for underwater use according to claim 1, wherein: the step S2 is further performed before the step S includes adjusting a resistance value of a pull-up resistor of the electronic switch.
6. The method of debouncing an electronic switch for underwater use according to claim 1, wherein: for the copper sheet type electronic switch, the step S1 includes providing a first operating voltage with periodic high-low alternation to one end of the electronic switch and providing a second operating voltage with periodic high-low alternation to the other end of the electronic switch, where the periods of the first operating voltage and the second operating voltage are the same, and the phases of the first operating voltage and the second operating voltage are different by 180 degrees.
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| CN201610720164.0A CN107783442B (en) | 2016-08-24 | 2016-08-24 | Method for removing tremble in underwater use of electronic switch |
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| CN201610720164.0A CN107783442B (en) | 2016-08-24 | 2016-08-24 | Method for removing tremble in underwater use of electronic switch |
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| CN107783442A CN107783442A (en) | 2018-03-09 |
| CN107783442B true CN107783442B (en) | 2019-12-17 |
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| CN112285543B (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2023-03-07 | 昆明理工大学 | Lead fish underwater signal acquisition device based on alternating current signal transmission |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201117520Y (en) * | 2007-11-01 | 2008-09-17 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | Underwater switch |
| CN204390984U (en) * | 2015-01-19 | 2015-06-10 | 宁乡县职业中专学校 | A kind of magnetic force automatic water level control switch |
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2016
- 2016-08-24 CN CN201610720164.0A patent/CN107783442B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201117520Y (en) * | 2007-11-01 | 2008-09-17 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | Underwater switch |
| CN204390984U (en) * | 2015-01-19 | 2015-06-10 | 宁乡县职业中专学校 | A kind of magnetic force automatic water level control switch |
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