CN107782975A - Distributed grounding resistance detection system and detection method based on radio signal source - Google Patents

Distributed grounding resistance detection system and detection method based on radio signal source Download PDF

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CN107782975A
CN107782975A CN201710852101.5A CN201710852101A CN107782975A CN 107782975 A CN107782975 A CN 107782975A CN 201710852101 A CN201710852101 A CN 201710852101A CN 107782975 A CN107782975 A CN 107782975A
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李艳萍
王涛
高焕兵
隋首钢
吴林彦
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Shandong Jianzhu University
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    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R27/00Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
    • G01R27/02Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种基于无线信号源的分布式接地电阻检测系统及检测方法,属于电力传输领域。所述检测系统包括无线接地电阻测试仪和互感器,其中:无线接地电阻测试仪包括电源模块、控制核心模块、激励信号发生模块、调频发射机模块、Zigbee模块和通信模块;互感器包括电源模块、调频接收机模块、同步模块、电压互感器模块、电流互感器模块、信号调理模块、相位测量模块、MCU控制模块、Zigbee模块和自检模块。本发明不仅达到了测量的精度要求,还解决了有线测量时取夹互感器操作繁琐以及长导线不便于携带的问题。

The invention discloses a distributed grounding resistance detection system and detection method based on a wireless signal source, belonging to the field of electric power transmission. The detection system includes a wireless ground resistance tester and a transformer, wherein: the wireless ground resistance tester includes a power module, a control core module, an excitation signal generation module, an FM transmitter module, a Zigbee module and a communication module; the transformer includes a power module , FM receiver module, synchronization module, voltage transformer module, current transformer module, signal conditioning module, phase measurement module, MCU control module, Zigbee module and self-test module. The invention not only meets the accuracy requirement of measurement, but also solves the problems of cumbersome operations for picking and clamping transformers and long wires being inconvenient to carry during wired measurement.

Description

基于无线信号源的分布式接地电阻检测系统及检测方法Distributed grounding resistance detection system and detection method based on wireless signal source

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及电力传输领域,特别是指一种基于无线信号源的分布式接地电阻检测系统及检测方法。The invention relates to the field of power transmission, in particular to a distributed grounding resistance detection system and detection method based on a wireless signal source.

背景技术Background technique

预防雷害是高压输电杆塔搭建时必须要考虑的问题,在输电线路中安装接地装置是预防雷害的一个基本措施。但是由于接地引下线通常暴露在自然环境中,很容易受到风雨侵蚀等不可抗力的损坏,造成接地装置的腐蚀或断裂。这将大大降低输电杆塔接地装置的避雷效果,提高了输电杆塔出现损坏的风险系数。因此检测输电杆塔的接地电阻是高压输电杆塔检修时很关键的一个步骤。The prevention of lightning damage is a problem that must be considered when building high-voltage transmission towers. Installing grounding devices in transmission lines is a basic measure to prevent lightning damage. However, since the grounding downconductor is usually exposed to the natural environment, it is easily damaged by force majeure such as wind and rain erosion, resulting in corrosion or fracture of the grounding device. This will greatly reduce the lightning protection effect of the grounding device of the transmission tower, and increase the risk factor of damage to the transmission tower. Therefore, detecting the grounding resistance of transmission towers is a critical step in the maintenance of high-voltage transmission towers.

目前,测量输电杆塔的接地电阻的方法主要有三极法或者钳表法,相比较而言,钳表法由于其原理较为先进,应用更为广泛。但是不管是三极法还是钳表法,目前并没有专门的基于无线信号源的分布式接地电阻检测方法,测量时都需要有线传输互感电压。At present, the methods for measuring the grounding resistance of transmission towers mainly include the three-pole method or the clamp meter method. In comparison, the clamp meter method is more widely used because of its advanced principle. However, whether it is the three-pole method or the clamp meter method, there is currently no dedicated distributed ground resistance detection method based on a wireless signal source, and the mutual inductance voltage needs to be transmitted by wire during measurement.

目前较为常用的方法为钳表法,它采用非接触式测量方法,在测量时只需将钳表夹在输电杆塔的引下线上,不用再单独布置电流源和电压源,就可以测出接地电阻。当利用钳型表进行接地电阻测量时需要保证输电杆塔单点接地,即在保留杆塔其中一条引下线的前提下打开杆塔的其他接地引下线,然后将钳型表钳在保留的引下线上进行测量,重复上述操作,即可测得杆塔的四个接地引下线上的电阻。由已知的四个接地引下线上的电阻,通过相应公式计算出输电杆塔的接地电阻。At present, the more commonly used method is the clamp meter method, which adopts a non-contact measurement method. During the measurement, only the clamp meter is clamped to the down conductor of the transmission tower, and the current source and the voltage source are not arranged separately. ground resistance. When using the clamp meter to measure the grounding resistance, it is necessary to ensure the single-point grounding of the transmission tower, that is, open the other grounding down-conductors of the tower under the premise of retaining one of the down-conductors of the tower, and then clamp the clamp meter on the reserved down-conductor. On-line measurement, repeat the above operations, you can measure the resistance of the four grounding down-conductors of the tower. From the known resistance of the four grounding down-conductors, the grounding resistance of the transmission tower is calculated through the corresponding formula.

发明人研究发现,该现有技术至少存在以下技术问题:一是杆塔引脚与测试仪的距离较远,测量时连接接地引下线上互感器与测试仪之间的导线过长且笨重,不便于携带;二是导线过长导致测量时多次取夹互感器操作不便,且测量多个输电杆塔时取夹互感器操作繁琐。The inventor's research has found that at least the following technical problems exist in this prior art: the one is that the distance between the tower pins and the tester is relatively long, and the wire connecting the transformer on the grounding down-lead line and the tester is too long and heavy during measurement. It is not easy to carry; the second is that the wire is too long, which makes it inconvenient to take out the clamping transformer multiple times during the measurement, and the operation of picking up the clamping transformer when measuring multiple transmission towers is cumbersome.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明提供一种基于无线信号源的分布式接地电阻检测系统及检测方法,不仅达到了测量的精度要求,还解决了有线测量时取夹互感器操作繁琐以及长导线不便于携带的问题。The invention provides a distributed grounding resistance detection system and detection method based on a wireless signal source, which not only meets the measurement accuracy requirements, but also solves the problems of cumbersome operations for picking and clamping transformers and long wires that are not easy to carry during wired measurement.

为解决上述技术问题,本发明提供技术方案如下:In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention provides technical solutions as follows:

一方面,本发明提供一种基于无线信号源的分布式接地电阻检测系统,包括无线接地电阻测试仪和互感器,其中:On the one hand, the present invention provides a distributed ground resistance detection system based on a wireless signal source, including a wireless ground resistance tester and a transformer, wherein:

所述无线接地电阻测试仪包括电源模块(1)、控制核心模块(2)、激励信号发生模块(3)、调频发射机模块(4)、Zigbee模块(5)和通信模块(6);The wireless grounding resistance tester comprises a power supply module (1), a control core module (2), an excitation signal generation module (3), an FM transmitter module (4), a Zigbee module (5) and a communication module (6);

所述电源模块(1)负责为整个无线接地电阻测试仪提供合适的电压,选用锂电子电池将其经过多种降压电路后给所述无线接地电阻测试仪的各模块供电;The power supply module (1) is responsible for providing suitable voltage for the whole wireless grounding resistance tester, and selects a lithium-ion battery to supply power to each module of the wireless grounding resistance tester after passing through various step-down circuits;

所述控制核心模块(2)由单片机及外围功能模块构成,负责人机交互以及信息处理。所述控制核心模块(2)负责四项任务:一是控制所述激励信号发生模块(3)产生额定电压;二是接收所述Zigbee模块(5)传来的互感电流值与相位差,经过公式1算出接地电阻阻抗值,其中 分别表示各个电压互感器感应到引下线上的电压,分别表示各引下线上由于感应电压产生的电流,当改变电压互感器感应电压位时,感应电压产生的电流为R11、R12、R13、R14分别表示杆塔的四条引下线的电阻,Zge为接地电阻阻抗值;三是通过所述Zigbee模块(5)发送控制命令至所述互感器;四是将杆塔接地阻抗值和其他输电杆塔的相关信息传输给所述通信模块(6);The control core module (2) is composed of a single-chip microcomputer and peripheral function modules, and is responsible for human-computer interaction and information processing. The control core module (2) is responsible for four tasks: one is to control the excitation signal generation module (3) to generate a rated voltage; the other is to receive the mutual inductance current value and phase difference from the Zigbee module (5), and pass Equation 1 calculates the ground resistance impedance value, where Respectively represent the voltage induced by each voltage transformer on the down-conductor, Respectively represent the current generated by the induced voltage on each down-conductor line, when the induced voltage level of the voltage transformer is changed When , the current generated by the induced voltage is R 11 , R 12 , R 13 , and R 14 respectively represent the resistances of the four down-conductors of the tower, and Z ge is the impedance value of the grounding resistance; the third is to send a control command to the transformer through the Zigbee module (5); Transmitting the grounding impedance value of the tower and other relevant information about the power transmission tower to the communication module (6);

所述激励信号发生模块(3)包括信号发生模块和功率放大模块,通过所述控制核心模块(2)的控制产生正弦波激励信号,随后通过所述功率放大模块提高电路的负载驱动能力从而驱动电压互感器,并将调理后的交流信号传输到所述调频发射机模块(4);The excitation signal generation module (3) includes a signal generation module and a power amplification module, which generates a sine wave excitation signal through the control of the control core module (2), and then improves the load driving capability of the circuit through the power amplification module to drive a voltage transformer, and transmit the conditioned AC signal to the FM transmitter module (4);

所述调频发射机模块(4)将所述激励信号发生模块(3)产生的电压通过调频处理发送至所述互感器;The frequency modulation transmitter module (4) sends the voltage generated by the excitation signal generation module (3) to the transformer through frequency modulation processing;

所述Zigbee模块(5)负责接收所述互感器的Zigbee模块(15)发送的感应电流值和相位差;The Zigbee module (5) is responsible for receiving the induced current value and the phase difference sent by the Zigbee module (15) of the transformer;

所述通信模块(6)为GPRS模块,负责远程发送杆塔位置、测量时间、杆塔接地阻抗值至输电线路杆塔巡检监视系统;The communication module (6) is a GPRS module, which is responsible for remotely sending the tower position, measurement time, and ground impedance value of the tower to the transmission line tower inspection monitoring system;

所述互感器包括电源模块(7)、调频接收机模块(8)、同步模块(9)、电压互感器模块(10)、电流互感器模块(11)、信号调理模块(12)、相位测量模块(13)、MCU控制模块(14)、Zigbee模块(15)和自检模块(16);The transformer includes a power supply module (7), a frequency modulation receiver module (8), a synchronization module (9), a voltage transformer module (10), a current transformer module (11), a signal conditioning module (12), a phase measurement Module (13), MCU control module (14), Zigbee module (15) and self-inspection module (16);

所述电源模块(7)负责为所述互感器提供合适的电压,选用锂电子电池将其经过多种降压电路后给所述互感器的各模块供电;The power supply module (7) is responsible for providing a suitable voltage for the transformer, and selects a lithium electronic battery to supply power to each module of the transformer after passing through a variety of step-down circuits;

所述调频接收机模块(8)负责接收所述无线接地电阻测试仪的调频发射机模块(4)发送出的调频后的电压,将其送入所述同步模块(9);The FM receiver module (8) is responsible for receiving the frequency-modulated voltage sent by the FM transmitter module (4) of the wireless ground resistance tester, and sending it into the synchronization module (9);

所述同步模块(9)负责接收所述MCU控制模块(14)发送过来的控制指令,以实现整个系统中四个互感器的信号同步,并将同步后的信号传输到所述电压互感器模块(10);The synchronization module (9) is responsible for receiving the control instructions sent by the MCU control module (14), so as to realize the signal synchronization of the four transformers in the entire system, and transmit the synchronized signals to the voltage transformer module (10);

所述电压互感器模块(10)和电流互感器模块(11)串联,为一对互感器钳口,测量时夹在一条杆塔接地引下线上,对杆塔的接地引下线上的电压电流进行测量以计算接地电阻阻值;The voltage transformer module (10) and the current transformer module (11) are connected in series to form a pair of transformer jaws, which are clamped on a tower grounding downconductor during measurement, and the voltage and current on the grounding downconductor of the pole tower Take measurements to calculate ground resistance resistance;

所述信号调理模块(12)包括电流电压转换模块、电压跟随器、带通滤波器和交直流转换电路。在接收到所述电流互感器(11)传输过来的感应电流后通过所述电流电压转换模块转换为电压值,然后经过所述电压跟随器来保持信号的稳定,再经过所述带通滤波器进行滤波和放大,最后经过所述交直流转换电路将交流电压信号转换为直流电压信号,并将信号送至所述MCU控制模块(14)进行处理;The signal conditioning module (12) includes a current-voltage conversion module, a voltage follower, a band-pass filter and an AC-DC conversion circuit. After receiving the induced current transmitted by the current transformer (11), it is converted into a voltage value through the current-voltage conversion module, and then passed through the voltage follower to keep the signal stable, and then passed through the band-pass filter Perform filtering and amplification, and finally convert the AC voltage signal into a DC voltage signal through the AC-DC conversion circuit, and send the signal to the MCU control module (14) for processing;

所述相位测量模块(13)连接所述电压互感器模块(10)和电流互感器模块(11),将互感电压和互感电流的过零点检测出来,并送至所述MCU控制模块(14)进行处理;The phase measurement module (13) is connected to the voltage transformer module (10) and the current transformer module (11), detects the zero-crossing point of the mutual induction voltage and mutual induction current, and sends it to the MCU control module (14) process;

所述MCU控制模块(14)有三项功能:一是接收所述Zigbee模块(15)传输过来的控制命令;二是控制所述同步模块(9)和自检模块(16)进行信号同步及自检;三是接收所述信号调理模块(12)和相位测量模块(13)传输来的信号以确定互感电流值和互感电压电流相位差,并将电流值和相位差传输给所述Zigbee模块(15);Described MCU control module (14) has three functions: the one, receive the control order that described Zigbee module (15) transmits; The third is to receive the signal transmitted by the signal conditioning module (12) and the phase measurement module (13) to determine the mutual inductance current value and the mutual inductance voltage and current phase difference, and transmit the current value and the phase difference to the Zigbee module ( 15);

所述Zigbee模块(15)互感电流值和互感电压电流相位差发送给所述无线接地电阻测试仪的Zigbee模块(5)进行后续计算;同时接收所述无线接地电阻测试仪发送过来的控制指令,对所述互感器的MCU控制模块(14)进行相关控制;The Zigbee module (15) mutual inductance current value and the mutual inductance voltage and current phase difference are sent to the Zigbee module (5) of the wireless ground resistance tester for follow-up calculation; receive the control instruction sent by the wireless ground resistance tester at the same time, Carry out relevant control to the MCU control module (14) of described transformer;

所述自检模块(16)在收到所述MCU控制模块(14)的电流自检或电压自检的信号后通过控制所述电压互感器(10)和电流互感器(11)的开闭对电压互感器(10)和电流互感器(11)进行自检,以保证测量精度。The self-test module (16) controls the opening and closing of the voltage transformer (10) and the current transformer (11) after receiving the signal of the current self-test or voltage self-test of the MCU control module (14) Self-inspection is performed on the voltage transformer (10) and the current transformer (11) to ensure measurement accuracy.

另一方面,本发明还提供一种基于无线信号源的分布式接地电阻检测系统的检测方法,包括:On the other hand, the present invention also provides a detection method of a distributed ground resistance detection system based on a wireless signal source, including:

步骤1:将互感器的各对电压互感器和电流互感器按同名端方向一致的方式夹在接地引下线上;Step 1: Clamp each pair of voltage transformers and current transformers of the transformer to the grounding down conductor in the same direction as the end of the same name;

步骤2:所述无线接地电阻测试仪发出指令使所述激励信号发生模块(3)和参考电压信号发生模块产生相应的正弦电压信号,正弦电压信号经过信号放大和功率放大后通过所述调频发射机模块(4)进行调频;Step 2: The wireless ground resistance tester issues instructions to make the excitation signal generation module (3) and the reference voltage signal generation module generate corresponding sinusoidal voltage signals, and the sinusoidal voltage signals are transmitted through the frequency modulation after signal amplification and power amplification Machine module (4) carries out frequency modulation;

步骤3:调频交流信号被所述调频接收机模块(8)解调后传入所述同步模块(9)进行同步;Step 3: The FM AC signal is demodulated by the FM receiver module (8) and then transferred to the synchronization module (9) for synchronization;

步骤4:令所述互感器的MCU控制模块(14)发出自检指令,设备根据指令不同分别关闭电压互感器和电流互感器从而实现自检;Step 4: make the MCU control module (14) of the transformer issue a self-check instruction, and the equipment closes the voltage transformer and the current transformer respectively according to the instructions to realize the self-check;

步骤5:同步后的信号驱动所述电压互感器(10),并将此电压信号感应至接地引下线;Step 5: The synchronized signal drives the voltage transformer (10), and induces the voltage signal to the grounding down conductor;

步骤6:由所述电流互感器(11)感应接地引下线中的电流,经过信号调理后传入所述传感器的MCU控制模块(14),同时所述相位测量模块(13)将互感电压电流的过零点检测出来传到所述MCU控制模块(14);Step 6: The current in the grounding down conductor is sensed by the current transformer (11), and is sent to the MCU control module (14) of the sensor after signal conditioning, and the phase measurement module (13) transmits the mutual induction voltage The zero-crossing point detection of electric current is sent to described MCU control module (14);

步骤7:所述MCU控制模块(14)计算出互感电流以及互感电压电流的相位差,并将相位差和电流信息经由所述Zigbee模块(15)传回杆塔接地电阻测试仪中;Step 7: the MCU control module (14) calculates the phase difference of the mutual induction current and the mutual induction voltage and current, and sends the phase difference and current information back to the tower grounding resistance tester via the Zigbee module (15);

步骤8:在杆塔接地电阻测试仪内部,所述控制核心模块(2)将该电流信息和相位信息进行一系列处理分析,按照公式1求解方程得出接地电阻阻抗值;Step 8: Inside the tower grounding resistance tester, the control core module (2) performs a series of processing and analysis on the current information and phase information, and solves the equation according to formula 1 to obtain the grounding resistance impedance value;

步骤9:若计算后的自检的结果符合要求,即可进行正常测量,通过控制所述互感器上的信号幅值和频率,重复所述步骤7和步骤8。Step 9: If the calculated self-test results meet the requirements, normal measurement can be performed, and the steps 7 and 8 are repeated by controlling the signal amplitude and frequency on the transformer.

进一步的,所述检测方法还包括:Further, the detection method also includes:

步骤10:所述无线接地电阻测试仪将相关测量信息通过GPRS模块发送至中心监控计算机,并将数据存储。Step 10: The wireless grounding resistance tester sends relevant measurement information to the central monitoring computer through the GPRS module, and stores the data.

本发明具有以下有益效果:The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

本发明的基于无线信号源的分布式接地电阻检测系统及检测方法,运用无线传输的方式将信号源产生的激励采用高速数字电路的延时线设计进行信号同步后传送至钳型互感器,并将互感器测得的感应电流通过无线的方式传送回接地电阻测试仪进行计算。最终将测量的相关信息通过GPRS发送给中心监控计算机,完成对一个杆塔的接地电阻的测量。本发明使用基于无线信号源的免解线测量法测量接地电阻,不仅达到了测量的精度要求,还解决了有线测量时取夹互感器操作繁琐以及长导线不便于携带的问题。The distributed grounding resistance detection system and detection method based on the wireless signal source of the present invention uses the wireless transmission mode to transmit the excitation generated by the signal source to the clamp transformer after signal synchronization using the delay line design of the high-speed digital circuit, and The induced current measured by the transformer is wirelessly transmitted back to the ground resistance tester for calculation. Finally, the relevant information of the measurement is sent to the central monitoring computer through GPRS to complete the measurement of the grounding resistance of a tower. The invention uses a wireless signal source-based wire-free measurement method to measure the grounding resistance, which not only meets the measurement accuracy requirements, but also solves the problems of cumbersome operations for picking and clamping transformers and long wires that are not easy to carry during wired measurement.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明的基于无线信号源的分布式接地电阻检测系统的无线接地电阻测试仪的电路框架图;Fig. 1 is the circuit frame diagram of the wireless ground resistance tester of the distributed ground resistance detection system based on wireless signal source of the present invention;

图2为本发明的基于无线信号源的分布式接地电阻检测系统的互感器的电路框架图;Fig. 2 is the circuit frame diagram of the transformer of the distributed grounding resistance detection system based on wireless signal source of the present invention;

图3为本发明的基于无线信号源的分布式接地电阻检测系统的同步模块的示意图;3 is a schematic diagram of a synchronization module of a distributed ground resistance detection system based on a wireless signal source of the present invention;

图4为本发明的基于无线信号源的分布式接地电阻检测系统的延迟模块的示意图;Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the delay module of the distributed grounding resistance detection system based on the wireless signal source of the present invention;

图5为本发明的基于无线信号源的分布式接地电阻检测系统的调频接收机模块的示意图。FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the FM receiver module of the distributed ground resistance detection system based on the wireless signal source of the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

为使本发明要解决的技术问题、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合附图及具体实施例进行详细描述。In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention clearer, the following will describe in detail with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

一方面,本发明提供一种基于无线信号源的分布式接地电阻检测系统,如图1~图5所示,包括无线接地电阻测试仪和互感器,其中:On the one hand, the present invention provides a distributed grounding resistance detection system based on a wireless signal source, as shown in Figures 1 to 5, including a wireless grounding resistance tester and a transformer, wherein:

无线接地电阻测试仪包括电源模块1、控制核心模块2、激励信号发生模块3、调频发射机模块4、Zigbee模块5和通信模块6;The wireless grounding resistance tester includes a power supply module 1, a control core module 2, an excitation signal generation module 3, an FM transmitter module 4, a Zigbee module 5 and a communication module 6;

电源模块1负责为整个无线接地电阻测试仪提供合适的电压,可以选用锂电子电池将其经过多种降压电路后给无线接地电阻测试仪的各模块供电;The power supply module 1 is responsible for providing suitable voltage for the whole wireless grounding resistance tester. Lithium-ion batteries can be selected to supply power to each module of the wireless grounding resistance tester after passing through various step-down circuits;

控制核心模块2由单片机及外围功能模块构成,负责人机交互以及信息处理等工作。控制核心模块2负责四项任务:一是控制激励信号发生模块3产生额定电压;二是接收Zigbee模块5传来的互感电流值与相位差,经过公式1算出接地电阻阻抗值,其中分别表示各个电压互感器感应到引下线上的电压,分别表示各引下线上由于感应电压产生的电流,当改变电压互感器感应电压位时,感应电压产生的电流为R11、R12、R13、R14分别表示杆塔的四条引下线的电阻,Zge为接地电阻阻抗值;三是通过Zigbee模块5发送控制命令至互感器;四是将杆塔接地阻抗值和其他输电杆塔的相关信息传输给通信模块6;The control core module 2 is composed of a single-chip microcomputer and peripheral function modules, and is responsible for human-computer interaction and information processing. The control core module 2 is responsible for four tasks: one is to control the excitation signal generation module 3 to generate the rated voltage; the other is to receive the mutual inductance current value and phase difference from the Zigbee module 5, and calculate the grounding resistance impedance value through formula 1, where Respectively represent the voltage induced by each voltage transformer on the down-conductor, Respectively represent the current generated by the induced voltage on each down-conductor line, when the induced voltage level of the voltage transformer is changed When , the current generated by the induced voltage is R 11 , R 12 , R 13 , and R 14 represent the resistances of the four down-conductors of the tower respectively, and Z ge is the impedance value of the grounding resistance; the third is to send the control command to the transformer through the Zigbee module 5; the fourth is the grounding impedance value of the tower and other relevant information of transmission towers are transmitted to the communication module 6;

激励信号发生模块3包括信号发生模块和功率放大模块,通过控制核心模块2的控制产生正弦波激励信号,随后通过功率放大模块提高电路的负载驱动能力从而驱动电压互感器,并将调理后的交流信号传输到调频发射机模块4;The excitation signal generation module 3 includes a signal generation module and a power amplification module. The sine wave excitation signal is generated through the control of the control core module 2, and then the load driving capability of the circuit is improved through the power amplification module to drive the voltage transformer, and the conditioned AC The signal is transmitted to the FM transmitter module 4;

调频发射机模块4将激励信号发生模块3产生的电压通过调频处理发送至互感器;The frequency modulation transmitter module 4 sends the voltage generated by the excitation signal generation module 3 to the transformer through frequency modulation processing;

Zigbee模块5负责接收互感器的Zigbee模块15发送的感应电流值和相位差;Zigbee module 5 is responsible for receiving the induced current value and the phase difference sent by Zigbee module 15 of transformer;

通信模块6可以为GPRS模块,负责远程发送杆塔位置、测量时间、杆塔接地阻抗值等相关信息至输电线路杆塔巡检监视系统;The communication module 6 may be a GPRS module, which is responsible for remotely sending relevant information such as the position of the tower, the measurement time, and the grounding impedance value of the tower to the power transmission line tower inspection and monitoring system;

互感器包括电源模块7、调频接收机模块8、同步模块9、电压互感器模块10、电流互感器模块11、信号调理模块12、相位测量模块13、MCU控制模块14、Zigbee模块15和自检模块16;The transformer includes a power supply module 7, an FM receiver module 8, a synchronization module 9, a voltage transformer module 10, a current transformer module 11, a signal conditioning module 12, a phase measurement module 13, an MCU control module 14, a Zigbee module 15 and a self-test Module 16;

电源模块7负责为互感器提供合适的电压,可以选用锂电子电池将其经过多种降压电路后给互感器的各模块供电;The power supply module 7 is responsible for providing a suitable voltage for the transformer, and a lithium electronic battery can be selected to supply power to each module of the transformer after passing through various step-down circuits;

调频接收机模块8负责接收无线接地电阻测试仪的调频发射机模块4发送出的调频后的电压,将其送入同步模块9;The FM receiver module 8 is responsible for receiving the frequency-modulated voltage sent by the FM transmitter module 4 of the wireless ground resistance tester, and sends it into the synchronization module 9;

同步模块9负责接收MCU控制模块14发送过来的控制指令,以实现整个系统中四个互感器的信号同步,并将同步后的信号传输到电压互感器模块10;The synchronization module 9 is responsible for receiving the control command sent by the MCU control module 14, so as to realize the signal synchronization of the four transformers in the whole system, and transmit the synchronized signal to the voltage transformer module 10;

电压互感器模块10和电流互感器模块11串联,为一对互感器钳口,测量时夹在一条杆塔接地引下线上,对杆塔的接地引下线上的电压电流进行测量以计算接地电阻阻值;The voltage transformer module 10 and the current transformer module 11 are connected in series to form a pair of transformer jaws, which are clamped on a tower grounding downconductor during measurement, and the voltage and current on the grounding downconductor of the tower are measured to calculate the grounding resistance Resistance;

信号调理模块12包括电流电压转换模块、电压跟随器、带通滤波器和交直流转换电路。在接收到电流互感器11传输过来的感应电流后通过电流电压转换模块转换为电压值,然后经过电压跟随器来保持信号的稳定,再经过带通滤波器进行滤波和放大,最后经过交直流转换电路将交流电压信号转换为直流电压信号,并将信号送至MCU控制模块14进行处理;The signal conditioning module 12 includes a current-voltage conversion module, a voltage follower, a band-pass filter and an AC-DC conversion circuit. After receiving the induced current transmitted by the current transformer 11, it is converted into a voltage value by the current-voltage conversion module, and then the voltage follower is used to maintain the stability of the signal, and then filtered and amplified by the band-pass filter, and finally AC-DC conversion The circuit converts the AC voltage signal into a DC voltage signal, and sends the signal to the MCU control module 14 for processing;

相位测量模块13连接电压互感器模块10和电流互感器模块11,将互感电压和互感电流的过零点检测出来,并送至MCU控制模块14进行处理;The phase measurement module 13 is connected to the voltage transformer module 10 and the current transformer module 11, detects the zero-crossing point of the mutual induction voltage and the mutual induction current, and sends it to the MCU control module 14 for processing;

MCU控制模块14有三项功能:一是接收Zigbee模块15传输过来的控制命令;二是控制同步模块9和自检模块16进行信号同步及自检;三是接收信号调理模块12和相位测量模块13传输来的信号以确定互感电流值和互感电压电流相位差,并将电流值和相位差传输给Zigbee模块15;The MCU control module 14 has three functions: one is to receive the control command transmitted by the Zigbee module 15; the other is to control the synchronization module 9 and the self-test module 16 to perform signal synchronization and self-test; the third is to receive the signal conditioning module 12 and the phase measurement module 13 The transmitted signal is to determine the mutual induction current value and the mutual induction voltage and current phase difference, and transmit the current value and the phase difference to the Zigbee module 15;

Zigbee模块15互感电流值和互感电压电流相位差发送给无线接地电阻测试仪的Zigbee模块5进行后续计算;同时接收无线接地电阻测试仪发送过来的控制指令,对互感器的MCU控制模块14进行相关控制;Zigbee module 15 mutual inductance current value and mutual inductance voltage current phase difference send to the Zigbee module 5 of wireless ground resistance tester to carry out follow-up calculation; Receive the control command that wireless ground resistance tester sends over at the same time, carry out correlation to the MCU control module 14 of transformer control;

自检模块16在收到MCU控制模块14的电流自检或电压自检的信号后通过控制电压互感器10和电流互感器11的开闭对电压互感器10和电流互感器11进行自检,以保证测量精度。Self-inspection module 16 carries out self-inspection to voltage transformer 10 and current transformer 11 by controlling the opening and closing of voltage transformer 10 and current transformer 11 after receiving the signal of current self-inspection or voltage self-inspection of MCU control module 14, To ensure measurement accuracy.

本发明的基于无线信号源的分布式接地电阻检测系统,运用无线传输的方式将信号源产生的激励采用高速数字电路的延时线设计进行信号同步后传送至钳型互感器,并将互感器测得的感应电流通过无线的方式传送回接地电阻测试仪进行计算。最终将测量的相关信息通过GPRS发送给中心监控计算机,完成对一个杆塔的接地电阻的测量。本发明使用基于无线信号源的免解线测量法测量接地电阻,不仅达到了测量的精度要求,还解决了有线测量时取夹互感器操作繁琐以及长导线不便于携带的问题。The distributed grounding resistance detection system based on the wireless signal source of the present invention uses the wireless transmission method to transmit the excitation generated by the signal source to the clamp transformer after signal synchronization using the delay line design of the high-speed digital circuit, and the transformer The measured induced current is sent back to the ground resistance tester for calculation by wireless means. Finally, the relevant information of the measurement is sent to the central monitoring computer through GPRS to complete the measurement of the grounding resistance of a tower. The invention uses a wireless signal source-based wire-free measurement method to measure the grounding resistance, which not only meets the measurement accuracy requirements, but also solves the problems of cumbersome operations for picking and clamping transformers and long wires that are not easy to carry during wired measurement.

本发明的基于无线信号源的分布式接地电阻检测系统包括一个无线接地电阻测试仪和四个互感器,使用时,四个互感器夹在输电杆塔的四个接地引下线上,无线接地电阻测试仪放于输电杆塔底部中间位置,无线接地电阻测试仪与互感器之间通过无线信号传输。The distributed grounding resistance detection system based on the wireless signal source of the present invention includes a wireless grounding resistance tester and four transformers. The tester is placed in the middle of the bottom of the transmission tower, and the wireless grounding resistance tester and the transformer are transmitted through wireless signals.

进一步的,同步模块9负责不同互感器之间的同步,如图3所示,同步模块9包括功率放大模块901、信号选择模块902、过零检测模块903和延迟模块904,其中:Further, the synchronization module 9 is responsible for the synchronization between different transformers. As shown in FIG. 3 , the synchronization module 9 includes a power amplification module 901, a signal selection module 902, a zero-crossing detection module 903 and a delay module 904, wherein:

功率放大模块901负责将调频接收机模块8解调后的信号进行两种不同程度的幅值放大,并交由信号选择模块902选择电路中选用哪种幅值的信号;The power amplification module 901 is responsible for amplifying the amplitude of the signal demodulated by the FM receiver module 8 in two different degrees, and handing it over to the signal selection module 902 to select which amplitude signal to use in the circuit;

信号选择模块902负责为系统的信号通道选择合适幅值的信号,以便进行幅值的测量;The signal selection module 902 is responsible for selecting a signal with a suitable amplitude for the signal channel of the system, so as to measure the amplitude;

过零检测模块903负责将信号由负变正的过零点检测出来,并在检测出第十个(可任意选取,以减小误差)过零点后向控制核心模块17发送一个标记t,由此控制核心模块17可得四个互感器信号之间过零点的时间差Δt;The zero-crossing detection module 903 is responsible for detecting the zero-crossing point where the signal changes from negative to positive, and sends a mark t to the control core module 17 after detecting the tenth (can be arbitrarily selected, to reduce the error) zero-crossing point, thereby The control core module 17 can obtain the time difference Δt of the zero-crossing point between the four transformer signals;

此时控制核心模块17即可算出要保持同步另外三个互感器部分的信号要延时的长度,并将其传送至延迟模块904;Now the control core module 17 can calculate the length to be delayed for the signals of the other three transformer parts to be synchronized, and send it to the delay module 904;

延迟模块904在确定了由控制核心模块17传送过来的延时长度后,负责将信号选择模块902传输过来的模拟量信号转为数字信号通过由FIFO存储器构成的延迟线电路进行延迟,使得四个互感器的信号同步,再将其转化为模拟信号传送至电压互感器模块10进行测量;After the delay module 904 has determined the delay length transmitted by the control core module 17, it is responsible for converting the analog signal transmitted by the signal selection module 902 into a digital signal and delaying it through a delay line circuit composed of a FIFO memory, so that four The signal of the transformer is synchronized, and then it is converted into an analog signal and sent to the voltage transformer module 10 for measurement;

本发明中,延迟模块904负责将模拟信号进行一定程度的延时,如图4所示,延迟模块904包括A/D模块9041、FIFO模块9042、CPLD模块9043和D/A模块9044,其中:In the present invention, the delay module 904 is responsible for delaying the analog signal to a certain degree. As shown in FIG. 4 , the delay module 904 includes an A/D module 9041, a FIFO module 9042, a CPLD module 9043 and a D/A module 9044, wherein:

A/D模块9041负责将信号选择模块902传输的模拟信号转变为数字信号,并送入FIFO模块9042中。可选取Analog Device公司的AD6645,AD6645是高速、高性能、单片集成的14位模/数转换芯片,采样速率为80MHz或105MHz;The A/D module 9041 is responsible for converting the analog signal transmitted by the signal selection module 902 into a digital signal and sending it to the FIFO module 9042 . AD6645 from Analog Devices can be selected. AD6645 is a high-speed, high-performance, single-chip integrated 14-bit A/D conversion chip with a sampling rate of 80MHz or 105MHz;

FIFO模块9042在CPLD模块9043写时序的控制下依次写入FIFO存储器进行缓存,大容量FIFO芯片采用IDT公司的IDT72V360,该芯片存储容量为13l 072×36bit,输入和输出口可根据需要设置为9、18、36位宽,该芯片带空、满、半满以及可编程设置的空、满标志引脚,并且可灵活扩展存储深度和宽度,最高可达166MHz的工作时钟频率;The FIFO module 9042 is written into the FIFO memory sequentially under the control of the write sequence of the CPLD module 9043 for caching. The large-capacity FIFO chip adopts IDT72V360 of IDT Company. The chip storage capacity is 13l 072×36bit, and the input and output ports can be set to 9 , 18, 36-bit wide, the chip has empty, full, half-full and programmable empty and full flag pins, and can flexibly expand the storage depth and width, up to 166MHz working clock frequency;

CPLD模块9043在所要求的延迟时间到达时,发出读时序信号给FIFO模块9042,从而输出数字信号送至D/A模块9044,可编程逻辑器件芯片(CPLD)采用Lattice公司的ispMACH4000系列LC4128V75T100,其最高工作频率400MHz;When the required delay time arrives, the CPLD module 9043 sends a read timing signal to the FIFO module 9042, so that the output digital signal is sent to the D/A module 9044. The programmable logic device chip (CPLD) adopts the ispMACH4000 series LC4128V75T100 of Lattice Company. The highest working frequency is 400MHz;

D/A模块9044负责将FIFO模块9042输出的数字信号转变为模拟信号以驱动电压互感器10,可选取Analog Device公司的AD9754,转换速率125MHz,分辨率14bit,AD9754内部集成了可控放大器,能够输出2~20mA的电流,并可灵活的配置为单端或差分输出方式。The D/A module 9044 is responsible for converting the digital signal output by the FIFO module 9042 into an analog signal to drive the voltage transformer 10. The AD9754 of Analog Devices can be selected, with a conversion rate of 125 MHz and a resolution of 14 bits. AD9754 is internally integrated with a controllable amplifier, which can Output 2 ~ 20mA current, and can be flexibly configured as single-ended or differential output.

优选的,如图5所示,调频接收机模块8包括高频信号放大器801、锁相环802和低通滤波器803,其中:Preferably, as shown in Figure 5, the FM receiver module 8 includes a high-frequency signal amplifier 801, a phase-locked loop 802 and a low-pass filter 803, wherein:

高频信号放大器801负责将调频信号放大,并送入锁相环802中;The high-frequency signal amplifier 801 is responsible for amplifying the FM signal and sending it into the phase-locked loop 802;

锁相环802在接收到高频信号放大器801放大后的信号后进行信号解调输出工作;The phase-locked loop 802 performs signal demodulation and output work after receiving the signal amplified by the high-frequency signal amplifier 801;

锁相环802包括鉴相器8021、压控振荡器8022和跟随器8023;The phase-locked loop 802 includes a phase detector 8021, a voltage-controlled oscillator 8022 and a follower 8023;

低通滤波器803负责将鉴相器8021鉴相后所获得的相位误差电压滤掉高频成份,从而获得随调制信号频率变化而变化的信号;The low-pass filter 803 is responsible for filtering out the high-frequency components from the phase error voltage obtained by the phase detector 8021 after phase detection, so as to obtain a signal that changes with the frequency of the modulation signal;

鉴相器8021负责将高频信号放大器801放大后的信号与压控振荡器8022的输出鉴相获得变化的相位误差电压,并将其送入低通滤波器803;The phase detector 8021 is responsible for discriminating the signal amplified by the high-frequency signal amplifier 801 and the output of the voltage-controlled oscillator 8022 to obtain a changed phase error voltage, and sending it to the low-pass filter 803;

压控振荡器8022接收经低通滤波器803处理后的随调制信号频率变化而变化的信号,并将输出送入鉴相器8021中;The voltage-controlled oscillator 8022 receives the signal that is processed by the low-pass filter 803 and changes with the frequency of the modulation signal, and sends the output to the phase detector 8021;

跟随器8023接收经低通滤波器803处理后的随调制信号频率变化而变化的信号,经处理后得到所需的解调信号。The follower 8023 receives the signal that is processed by the low-pass filter 803 and changes with the frequency of the modulation signal, and obtains the required demodulation signal after processing.

本发明中,调频波经过高频信号放大器801放大后,送入锁相环802中。在锁相环802中,调频波与压控振荡器8022的输出被送入鉴相器8021,经鉴相获得变化的相位误差电压,该误差电压通过低通滤波器803被滤掉其高频成份,继而获得随调制信号频率变化而变化的信号,经跟随器8023得到解调信号,从而实现了解调过程。In the present invention, the FM wave is sent to the PLL 802 after being amplified by the high-frequency signal amplifier 801 . In the phase-locked loop 802, the FM wave and the output of the voltage-controlled oscillator 8022 are sent to the phase detector 8021, and the changed phase error voltage is obtained through the phase detector, and the error voltage is filtered by the low-pass filter 803 to remove its high frequency Components, and then obtain a signal that changes with the frequency of the modulating signal, and obtain a demodulated signal through the follower 8023, thereby realizing the demodulation process.

另一方面,本发明还提供一种基于无线信号源的分布式接地电阻检测系统的检测方法,包括:On the other hand, the present invention also provides a detection method of a distributed ground resistance detection system based on a wireless signal source, including:

步骤1:将互感器的各对电压互感器和电流互感器按同名端方向一致的方式夹在接地引下线上;Step 1: Clamp each pair of voltage transformers and current transformers of the transformer to the grounding down conductor in the same direction as the end of the same name;

步骤2:无线接地电阻测试仪发出指令使激励信号发生模块3和参考电压信号发生模块产生相应的正弦电压信号,正弦电压信号经过信号放大和功率放大后通过调频发射机模块4进行调频;Step 2: The wireless grounding resistance tester issues an instruction to make the excitation signal generating module 3 and the reference voltage signal generating module generate corresponding sinusoidal voltage signals, and the sinusoidal voltage signals are frequency-modulated through the FM transmitter module 4 after signal amplification and power amplification;

步骤3:调频交流信号被调频接收机模块8解调后传入同步模块9进行同步;Step 3: The FM AC signal is demodulated by the FM receiver module 8 and then transferred to the synchronization module 9 for synchronization;

步骤4:令互感器的MCU控制模块14发出自检指令,设备根据指令不同分别关闭电压互感器和电流互感器从而实现自检;Step 4: Make the MCU control module 14 of the transformer issue a self-check instruction, and the device closes the voltage transformer and the current transformer respectively according to the instructions to realize the self-check;

步骤5:同步后的信号驱动电压互感器10,并将此电压信号感应至接地引下线;Step 5: The synchronized signal drives the voltage transformer 10, and induces the voltage signal to the grounding down conductor;

步骤6:由电流互感器11感应接地引下线中的电流,经过信号调理后传入传感器的MCU控制模块14,同时相位测量模块13将互感电压电流的过零点检测出来传到MCU控制模块14;Step 6: The current in the grounding down-conductor is sensed by the current transformer 11, and then transmitted to the MCU control module 14 of the sensor after signal conditioning, and at the same time, the phase measurement module 13 detects the zero-crossing point of the mutual induction voltage and current and transmits it to the MCU control module 14 ;

步骤7:MCU控制模块14计算出互感电流以及互感电压电流的相位差,并将相位差和电流信息经由Zigbee模块15传回杆塔接地电阻测试仪中;Step 7: The MCU control module 14 calculates the phase difference of the mutual induction current and the mutual induction voltage and current, and sends the phase difference and current information back to the tower grounding resistance tester via the Zigbee module 15;

步骤8:在杆塔接地电阻测试仪内部,控制核心模块2将该电流信息和相位信息进行一系列处理分析,按照公式1求解方程得出接地电阻阻抗值;Step 8: Inside the tower grounding resistance tester, the control core module 2 performs a series of processing and analysis on the current information and phase information, and solves the equation according to formula 1 to obtain the grounding resistance impedance value;

步骤9:若计算后的自检的结果符合要求,即可进行正常测量,通过控制互感器上的信号幅值和频率,重复步骤7和步骤8。Step 9: If the calculated self-inspection results meet the requirements, normal measurement can be carried out. Repeat steps 7 and 8 by controlling the signal amplitude and frequency on the transformer.

本发明的基于无线信号源的分布式接地电阻检测系统的检测方法,运用无线传输的方式将信号源产生的激励采用高速数字电路的延时线设计进行信号同步后传送至钳型互感器,并将互感器测得的感应电流通过无线的方式传送回接地电阻测试仪进行计算。本发明使用基于无线信号源的免解线测量法测量接地电阻,不仅达到了测量的精度要求,还解决了有线测量时取夹互感器操作繁琐以及长导线不便于携带的问题。The detection method of the distributed grounding resistance detection system based on the wireless signal source of the present invention uses the wireless transmission mode to transmit the excitation generated by the signal source to the clamp transformer after signal synchronization using the delay line design of the high-speed digital circuit, and The induced current measured by the transformer is wirelessly transmitted back to the ground resistance tester for calculation. The invention uses a wireless signal source-based wire-free measurement method to measure the grounding resistance, which not only meets the measurement accuracy requirements, but also solves the problems of cumbersome operations for picking and clamping transformers and long wires that are not easy to carry during wired measurement.

进一步的,检测方法还可以包括:Further, detection methods may also include:

步骤10:无线接地电阻测试仪将相关测量信息通过GPRS模块发送至中心监控计算机,并将数据存储。Step 10: The wireless grounding resistance tester sends relevant measurement information to the central monitoring computer through the GPRS module, and stores the data.

本发明中:In the present invention:

(1)采用调频方式传输互感电压,调频方式传输为本发明的重点。无线接地电阻测试仪的调频发射机模块将激励发生模块产生的电压通过调频处理发送至互感器部分。由于调制后激励信号被调制到高频,调制信号经过调制接收机间的距离耗时很短,调制信号抵达四个互感器时产生的相位差可以忽略不计,激励信号仍可被视为同时到达输电杆塔四个接地引线处的互感器部分。而互感器部分的调频接收机模块负责接收无线接地电阻测试仪部分调频发射机模块发送出的调频后的电压,将其转化成合适的电压后送入电压互感器模块。(1) The mutual inductance voltage is transmitted by means of frequency modulation, which is the focus of the present invention. The frequency modulation transmitter module of the wireless ground resistance tester sends the voltage generated by the excitation generation module to the transformer part through frequency modulation processing. Since the excitation signal is modulated to a high frequency after modulation, it takes a short time for the modulation signal to pass through the distance between the modulation receivers, and the phase difference generated when the modulation signal arrives at the four transformers is negligible, and the excitation signal can still be regarded as arriving at the same time The transformer section at the four grounding leads of the transmission tower. The FM receiver module of the transformer part is responsible for receiving the FM voltage sent by the FM transmitter module of the wireless ground resistance tester, converting it into a suitable voltage and sending it to the voltage transformer module.

(2)信号同步是如何实现调频方式传输的难点所在,对于保持不同互感器之间的信号同步,本发明采用高速数字电路的延时线设计进行信号延时。(2) Signal synchronization is the difficult point of how to realize frequency modulation mode transmission. For maintaining signal synchronization between different transformers, the present invention uses a delay line design of a high-speed digital circuit to delay the signal.

由互感器部分的过零检测模903将信号由负变正的过零点检测出来,并在检测出第十个过零点(可任意选择以减小误差)后向控制核心模块17发送一个标记t。由此控制核心模块17可得四个互感器信号之间过零点的时间差Δt1,Δt2,Δt3。因此控制核心模块17即可算出要保持同步另外三个互感器部分的信号要延时的长度t1,t2,t3,并将这三个长度值传送至延迟模块904。延迟模块904在确定了由控制核心模块17传送过来的延时长度后,将信号选择模块902传输过来的模拟量信号转为数字信号通过由FIFO存储器构成的延迟线电路进行延迟,使得四个互感器的信号同步,再将其转化为模拟信号传送至电压互感器模块10进行测量。采用延时线设计后可以通过负反馈来控制两个信号的同步。The zero-crossing point of the signal from negative to positive is detected by the zero-crossing detection module 903 of the transformer part, and a mark t is sent to the control core module 17 after detecting the tenth zero-crossing point (can be arbitrarily selected to reduce the error) . Thus, the control core module 17 can obtain the time differences Δt 1 , Δt 2 , Δt 3 of the zero-crossing points between the four transformer signals. Therefore, the control core module 17 can calculate the lengths t 1 , t 2 , and t 3 to be delayed for the signals of the other three transformer parts to maintain synchronization, and transmit these three length values to the delay module 904 . After the delay module 904 determines the delay length transmitted by the control core module 17, it converts the analog signal transmitted by the signal selection module 902 into a digital signal and delays it through a delay line circuit composed of a FIFO memory, so that the four mutual inductances The signal of the transformer is synchronized, and then converted into an analog signal and sent to the voltage transformer module 10 for measurement. After using the delay line design, the synchronization of the two signals can be controlled by negative feedback.

(3)采用高速数字电路的延时线设计进行信号延时,原理为高频模拟信号进入A/D模块9041转换为数字信号,在CPLD模块9043写时序的控制下依次写入FIFO模块9042进行缓存,当所要求的延迟时间到达时,CPLD模块9043发出读时序信号给FIFO模块9042,从而输出数字信号送D/A模块9044恢复原始的模拟信号。输出的模拟信号除相位与输入模拟信号不同外,幅度和频率都相同。用这种方式可以很好的解决调频后信号不同步的问题。(3) The delay line design of the high-speed digital circuit is used to delay the signal. The principle is that the high-frequency analog signal enters the A/D module 9041 and converts it into a digital signal, and is sequentially written into the FIFO module 9042 under the control of the CPLD module 9043 write sequence. For buffering, when the required delay time arrives, the CPLD module 9043 sends a read timing signal to the FIFO module 9042, thereby outputting a digital signal and sending it to the D/A module 9044 to restore the original analog signal. The output analog signal has the same amplitude and frequency except that its phase is different from that of the input analog signal. In this way, the problem of out-of-sync signals after FM can be solved very well.

(4)调频后的交流信号被调频接收机解调后驱动互感器。调频信号经过高频信号放大器放大后,送入锁相环中。在锁相环中,调频波与压控振荡器的输出被送入鉴相器,经鉴相获得变化的相位误差电压,该误差电压通过低通滤波器被滤掉其高频成份,继而获得随调制信号频率变化而变化的信号,经跟随器得到解调信号,并用该解调信号驱动互感器。(4) The AC signal after frequency modulation is demodulated by the frequency modulation receiver to drive the transformer. After the FM signal is amplified by the high-frequency signal amplifier, it is sent to the phase-locked loop. In the phase-locked loop, the output of the FM wave and the voltage-controlled oscillator is sent to the phase detector, and the phase error voltage is obtained through the phase detection. The signal that changes with the frequency of the modulation signal is demodulated by the follower, and the transformer is driven by the demodulated signal.

以上所述是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明所述原理的前提下,还可以作出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。The above description is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications can also be made. It should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of distributed grounding resistance detection system based on radio signal source, it is characterised in that including wireless grounding resistance Tester and transformer, wherein:
The wireless earth resistance tester includes power module (1), control core module (2), pumping signal and module occurs (3), frequency modulation transmitter module (4), Zigbee module (5) and communication module (6);
The power module (1) is responsible for whole wireless earth resistance tester and provides suitable voltage, from lithium ion battery Pass it through each module for power supply to the wireless earth resistance tester after a variety of reduction voltage circuits;
The control core module (2) is made up of single-chip microcomputer and peripheral functional modules, is responsible for man-machine interaction and information processing;Institute State control core module (2) and be responsible for four tasks:First, module (3), which occurs, for the control pumping signal produces rated voltage;Two It is to receive mutual inductance current value and phase difference that the Zigbee module (5) is transmitted, grounding resistance impedance value is calculated by formula 1, Wherein Represent that each voltage transformer senses the voltage on downlead respectively,Table respectively Show due to electric current caused by induced voltage on each downlead, when change voltage transformer induced voltage position When, electric current caused by induced voltage isR11、R12、R13、R14Under representing that four of shaft tower draw respectively The resistance of line, ZgeFor grounding resistance impedance value;Third, control command is sent to the mutual inductance by the Zigbee module (5) Device;Fourth, the relevant information of tower-footing impedance value and other transmission towers is transferred to the communication module (6);
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<msub> <mover> <mi>U</mi> <mo>&amp;RightArrow;</mo> </mover> <mn>2</mn> </msub> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <msub> <mover> <mi>U</mi> <mo>&amp;RightArrow;</mo> </mover> <mn>3</mn> </msub> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <msub> <mover> <mi>U</mi> <mo>&amp;RightArrow;</mo> </mover> <mn>4</mn> </msub> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <msup> <msub> <mover> <mi>U</mi> <mo>&amp;RightArrow;</mo> </mover> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>&amp;prime;</mo> </msup> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <msup> <msub> <mover> <mi>U</mi> <mo>&amp;RightArrow;</mo> </mover> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>&amp;prime;</mo> </msup> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <msup> <msub> <mover> <mi>U</mi> <mo>&amp;RightArrow;</mo> </mover> <mn>3</mn> </msub> <mo>&amp;prime;</mo> </msup> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <msup> <msub> <mover> <mi>U</mi> <mo>&amp;RightArrow;</mo> </mover> <mn>4</mn> </msub> <mo>&amp;prime;</mo> </msup> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mfenced> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> 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Module (3), which occurs, for the pumping signal includes signal generating module and power amplifier module, passes through the control core mould The control of block (2) produces sine wave exciting signal, and the load driving force of circuit is then improved by the power amplifier module So as to driving voltage transformer, and the AC signal after conditioning is transferred to the frequency modulation transmitter module (4);
The pumping signal voltage caused by module (3) and handles transmission by frequency modulation by the frequency modulation transmitter module (4) occurs To the transformer;
The Zigbee module (5) is responsible for receiving induced electricity flow valuve and phase that the Zigbee module (15) of the transformer is sent Difference;
The communication module (6) is GPRS module, is responsible for long-range transmission shaft tower position, time of measuring, tower-footing impedance value extremely Electric power line pole tower inspection monitoring system;
The transformer includes power module (7), FM receiver module (8), synchronization module (9), voltage transformer module (10), current transformer module (11), Signal-regulated kinase (12), phase measurement module (13), MCU control module (14), Zigbee module (15) and selftest module (16);
The power module (7) is responsible for the transformer and provides suitable voltage, is passed it through from lithium ion battery a variety of Each module for power supply of the transformer is given after reduction voltage circuit;
The FM receiver module (8) is responsible for receiving frequency modulation transmitter module (4) hair of the wireless earth resistance tester Voltage after the frequency modulation of submitting, it is sent to the synchronization module (9);
The synchronization module (9) is responsible for receiving the control instruction that the MCU control module (14) sends over, to realize whole system The signal of four transformers is synchronous in system, and the signal after synchronization is transferred into the voltage transformer module (10);
Voltage transformer module (10) the summation current transformer module (11) series connection, is a pair of transformer jaws, is pressed from both sides during measurement On a shaft tower down conductor, the voltage x current on the down conductor of shaft tower is measured to calculate grounding resistance resistance Value;
The Signal-regulated kinase (12) turns including Current Voltage modular converter, voltage follower, bandpass filter and alternating current-direct current Change circuit;By the Current Voltage modular converter after the induced-current that the current transformer (11) transmits is received Magnitude of voltage is converted to, then keeps the stabilization of signal by the voltage follower, then by bandpass filter progress Filtering and amplification, ac voltage signal is finally converted into d. c. voltage signal by the ac-dc converter circuit, and will letter Number delivering to the MCU control module (14) is handled;
The phase measurement module (13) connects voltage transformer module (10) the summation current transformer module (11), by mutual inductance The zero-crossing examination of voltage and mutual inducing current comes out, and delivers to the MCU control module (14) and handled;
The MCU control module (14) has three functions:First, receive the control life that the Zigbee module (15) transmits Order;Second, the control synchronization module (9) and selftest module (16) carry out signal synchronization and self-test;Adjusted third, receiving the signal Manage module (12) and phase measurement module (13) transmit the signal come to determine mutual inductance current value and mutual voltage current and phase difference, And current value and phase difference are transferred to the Zigbee module (15);
Zigbee module (15) the mutual inductance current value and mutual voltage current and phase difference are sent to the wireless grounding resistance and surveyed The Zigbee module (5) of examination instrument is subsequently calculated;The control that the wireless earth resistance tester sends over is received simultaneously Instruction, relevant control is carried out to the MCU control module (14) of the transformer;
The selftest module (16) passes through after the signal of electric current self-test or voltage self-test of the MCU control module (14) is received The opening and closing of the voltage transformer (10) summation current transformer (11) is controlled to voltage transformer (10) summation current transformer (11) Self-test is carried out, to ensure measurement accuracy.
2. the distributed grounding resistance detection system according to claim 1 based on radio signal source, it is characterised in that institute Stating synchronization module (9) includes power amplifier module (901), signal selection module (902), zero passage detection module (903) and delay Module (904), wherein:
The power amplifier module (901) is responsible for the signal after the FM receiver module (8) is demodulated and carries out two kinds of differences The amplitude amplification of degree, and transfer to select the signal of which kind of amplitude in the signal selection module (902) selection circuit;
The signal selection module (902) is responsible for the signal of the signalling channel selection suitable amplitude of system, to carry out amplitude Measurement;
The zero passage detection module (903) is responsible for coming out signal by the positive zero-crossing examination of negative change, and is detecting the tenth A mark t is sent to control core module (17) after zero crossing, thus control core module (17) can obtain four transformer letters The time difference Δ t of zero crossing between number;
Now the control core module (17) can calculate the signal length to be delayed that keep synchronous the other three transformer Degree, and it is sent to the Postponement module (904);
The Postponement module (904) is responsible for after the delay length sent by the control core module (17) is determined Analog signalses that the signal selection module (902) transmits are switched into data signal by being made up of FIFO memory Delay line is postponed so that the signal of four transformers is synchronous, then is translated into analog signal and is sent to the electricity Pressure transformer module (10) measures.
3. the distributed grounding resistance detection system according to claim 2 based on radio signal source, it is characterised in that institute Stating Postponement module (904) includes A/D modules (9041), fifo module (9042), CPLD modules (9043) and D/A modules (9044), wherein:
It is data signal that the A/D modules (9041), which are responsible for the analog-signal transitions of the signal selection module (902) transmission, And it is sent into the fifo module (9042);
The fifo module (9042) writes FIFO memory under the control that the CPLD modules (9043) write sequential and entered successively Row caching;
The CPLD modules (9043) send when reaching required time delay and read clock signal to the fifo module (9042), so as to which output digit signals deliver to the D/A modules (9044);
The digital signal transition that the D/A modules (9044) are responsible for exporting the fifo module (9042) is analog signal to drive Move the voltage transformer (10).
4. the distributed grounding resistance detection system according to claim 1 based on radio signal source, it is characterised in that institute Stating FM receiver module (8) includes high-frequency signal amplifier (801), phaselocked loop (802) and low pass filter (803), wherein:
The high-frequency signal amplifier (801) is responsible for amplifying FM signal, and is sent into the phaselocked loop (802);
The phaselocked loop (802) carries out signal demodulation after the signal after receiving the high-frequency signal amplifier (801) amplification Output services;
The phaselocked loop (802) includes phase discriminator (8021), voltage controlled oscillator (8022) and follower (8023);
The low pass filter (803) is responsible for the phase error voltage obtained after the phase discriminator (8021) phase demodulation filtering height Frequency composition, so as to obtain the signal for changing and changing with frequency modulating signal;
The phase discriminator (8021) is responsible for the signal after the high-frequency signal amplifier (801) is amplified and the voltage controlled oscillator (8022) output phase demodulation obtains the phase error voltage of change, and is sent to the low pass filter (803);
The voltage controlled oscillator (8022) receive after the low pass filter (803) processing with frequency modulating signal change and The signal of change, and output is sent into the phase discriminator (8021);
The follower (8023) receives changing with frequency modulating signal after the low pass filter (803) processing and changed Signal, required demodulated signal is obtained after processing.
A kind of 5. detection method of the distributed grounding resistance detection system based on radio signal source, it is characterised in that including:
Step 1:Each pair of voltage transformer summation current transformer of transformer is clipped in ground connection by the consistent mode of extreme direction of the same name On downlead;
Step 2:The wireless earth resistance tester, which sends instruction, makes the pumping signal that module (3) and reference voltage letter occur Number module occurs produces corresponding sine voltage signal, and sine voltage signal is after signal amplification and power amplification by described Frequency modulation transmitter module (4) carries out frequency modulation;
Step 3:Frequency modulation AC signal is passed to the synchronization module (9) after being demodulated by the FM receiver module (8) and carried out together Step;
Step 4:The MCU control module (14) of the transformer is made to send self-checking command, equipment is closed respectively according to instruction is different Voltage transformer summation current transformer is so as to realizing self-test;
Step 5:Signal after synchronization drives the voltage transformer (10), and this voltage signal is sensed to down conductor;
Step 6:By the electric current in the current transformer (11) inductive grounding downlead, the biography is passed to after signal condition The MCU control module (14) of sensor, while the phase measurement module (13) comes out the zero-crossing examination of mutual voltage electric current Pass to the MCU control module (14);
Step 7:The MCU control module (14) calculates the phase difference of mutual inducing current and mutual voltage electric current, and by phase Difference and current information are passed back in pole tower ground resistance tester via the Zigbee module (15);
Step 8:Inside pole tower ground resistance tester, the control core module (2) is by the current information and phase information A series of Treatment Analysis are carried out, solving equation according to formula 1 draws grounding resistance impedance value;
Step 9:If the result of the self-test after calculating meets the requirements, you can is normally measured, by controlling on the transformer Signal amplitude and frequency, repeating said steps 7 and step 8.
6. the detection method of the distributed grounding resistance detection system according to claim 5 based on radio signal source, its It is characterised by, the detection method also includes:
Step 10:The wireless earth resistance tester, which sends correlation measurement information to center monitoring by GPRS module, to be calculated Machine, and by data storage.
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