CN107782785B - Underground pipeline safety assessment method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a safety evaluation method of an underground pipeline, belonging to the technical field of underground pipeline detection and identification, comprising the following steps: s1: collecting field original technical data; s2: determining influence factors and hierarchical division; s3: checking and detecting on site; s4: determining the weight of the evaluation factor; s5: and (5) evaluating safety. The invention adopts an analytic hierarchy process to determine the weighted value of each level of evaluation factors, scores each influence factor on the basis of the weighted value, and divides the final safety level according to the final scoring condition. The method can quantitatively reflect the influence of various influencing factors on the safety of the underground pipeline, is simple and easy to operate, and can ensure scientific and reasonable conclusion.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a safety assessment method for an underground pipeline, which is suitable for safety assessment of the underground pipeline and belongs to the technical field of detection and identification of the underground pipeline.
Background
Underground pipelines are also called life lines, energy sources are conveyed, information is transmitted, waterlogging is drained and disasters are reduced for towns and enterprises day and night, and the construction of the underground pipelines is a prerequisite for the construction of modern towns and enterprise infrastructures. The underground pipeline has poor damage resistance, and substances in the pipeline can only be transmitted in a single direction, so that the underground pipeline is very fragile, and even tiny damage can cause paralysis of the whole underground pipeline system; when dangerous media are conveyed in an underground pipeline, the pipeline can cause large leakage and even explosion once being damaged, thereby endangering personal safety, causing environmental pollution, generating huge economic loss and having extremely serious consequences. With the continuous development of economic construction in China, a large number of underground pipelines gradually enter an aging period, in recent years, accidents of underground pipelines frequently occur, so that safety accidents, production stoppage accidents and environmental pollution are caused, and the problem of safe operation of the underground pipelines also draws more and more attention of people.
In recent years, related personnel carry out a series of researches on long oil pipelines of oil enterprises and provide some safety evaluation methods, but mainly aim at the condition of the long oil pipelines, have certain limitations and are difficult to popularize to other municipal pipelines; in addition, the evaluation method is mostly established on the basis of indoor tests, certain difference often exists between test evaluation results and actual conditions, and the practicability is poor; in addition, the safety evaluation method is mainly based on external corrosion and residual strength, and basically, the comprehensive influence of internal corrosion and external factors is difficult to consider. The corresponding security assessment methods are always blank.
In order to reasonably evaluate the safety of the underground pipeline, strengthen the technical management of the safety and the reasonable use of the underground pipeline, and achieve reliable technology, safety, applicability, economy and reasonability, a practical safety evaluation method needs to be explored.
When the safety of the underground pipeline is evaluated, the influence degrees of various evaluation factors on the safety of the pipeline are different. How to determine the final safety grade according to the evaluation grades of all evaluation factors, the civil construction reliability evaluation standard GB 50292-1999 and the industrial construction reliability evaluation standard GB 50144-2008 in China all provide the same method, namely, according to the evaluation results of all evaluation factors, the lower grade is taken as the safety evaluation grade, and the final grade can be corrected under special conditions. Although the underground utility is one of the engineering structures, the safety rating method for buildings is not applicable to the underground utility for the following 4 points:
1. the safety evaluation factors related to the building are directly related to the body of the building and directly influence the safety of the building; the safety evaluation factors related to the underground pipelines are not directly related to the pipelines, but affect the safety of the pipelines;
2. the safety evaluation factors related to the building are mutually related and form a complete structure together to form a relatively closed main body; the correlation among the safety evaluation factors of the related underground pipelines is poor (even has no correlation), a closed environment is not formed, and the influence of human factors is large;
3. the safety evaluation factors related to buildings are relatively stable and are less affected by regions; the safety evaluation factors related to the underground pipelines are greatly influenced by regions, and a more flexible and more detailed method is needed in the evaluation;
4. at present, the safety evaluation factors related to buildings can be quantitatively evaluated basically, the safety evaluation factors of underground pipelines cannot be quantitatively evaluated completely, and partial evaluation indexes are greatly influenced by subjective factors.
In summary, various factors affecting the safety evaluation of the underground pipeline are relatively dispersed and are greatly affected by human factors and regional factors, and for the characteristics, how to provide a quick and effective evaluation on the safety of the underground pipeline becomes a technical problem to be solved urgently in the technical field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a safety evaluation method of an underground pipeline, which is used for quantitatively scoring each influence factor through analysis and classification of various influence factors, determination of a weight value of the influence factor and combination of the actual situation of the underground pipeline on site, so that the safety of the underground pipeline is evaluated quickly and effectively.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an underground pipeline safety assessment method comprises the following steps:
1. an underground pipeline safety assessment method comprises the following steps:
s1: collecting field original technical data: collecting original technical data of the underground pipeline, wherein the original technical data mainly comprises site survey, original design completion drawings, later-stage reconstruction technical data and peripheral use environment survey;
s2: determining influence factors and hierarchical division: according to the nature of each influence factor that influences the underground pipeline security, will directly influence each factor of underground pipeline security as the primary evaluation factor, including intraductal medium, body and outside influence factor, will directly influence each factor of primary evaluation factor as the secondary evaluation factor, including the corrosivity of intraductal medium, body corrosion and bearing capacity, pipeline information, operator's maintenance management and other relevant measures, other relevant measures include: pipeline danger propaganda, pipeline importance propaganda, legal propaganda, pipeline pressure occupation removal, reward and punishment measures, regulation violation management system and the like to form a structural hierarchy map;
s3: and (3) field inspection and detection: the method mainly comprises the steps of detecting the corrosion depth of a pipe body by using an ultrasonic thickness gauge and reversely pushing the corrosivity of a medium in the pipe, detecting the corrosion degree of the pipe body by using the ultrasonic thickness gauge, detecting the defects such as damage of a pipeline by using an ultrasonic guided wave detector, detecting the defects in the pipe body by using a CCTV pipeline inspection robot, determining the position of the defects by combining a positioning system, rechecking the bearing capacity of the pipe body by using a field inspection detection result, inspecting pipeline information, performing maintenance and management survey of an operator, inspecting other related measures and the like;
s4: determination of evaluation factor weight: adopting an AHP (analytic hierarchy process), establishing a hierarchical structure model through analyzing various factors influencing an evaluation target and the relationship among the factors, and establishing a judgment matrix through various influencing factors of different levels, wherein in each level, every two influencing factors are compared with each other, and a characteristic vector corresponding to the maximum characteristic value of the judgment matrix is the weight of the influencing factor of the level relative to the previous level, so that the influence degree of the influencing factors of the previous level is reflected;
s5: and (3) safety evaluation: and scoring each evaluation factor, summarizing scores obtained by each factor, and determining the safety level of the underground pipeline according to the summarized result.
The specific steps of S1 are as follows: before evaluating the safety of the pipeline, the original technical data of the underground pipeline needs to be collected, which mainly comprises: the method comprises the following steps of site surveying, original design completion drawing collection, later-stage reconstruction technical data, peripheral use environment survey and the like, and provides a basis for determining influence factors and hierarchical division;
the specific steps of S2 are as follows: according to the properties of various influencing factors influencing the safety of the underground pipeline, various factors directly influencing the safety of the pipeline, such as an in-pipe medium, a pipe body and external influencing factors, are used as primary evaluation factors; taking various factors directly influencing the primary evaluation factors, such as the corrosivity of a medium in a pipe, the corrosion and bearing capacity of the pipe body, pipeline information, the maintenance and management of an operator and other related measures (such as pipeline risk propaganda, pipeline importance propaganda, legal propaganda, pipeline pressure occupation removal, reward and punishment measures, regulation and regulation against regulations and the like) as secondary evaluation factors, thereby forming a structural hierarchy map; the external influence factors are influence factors such as people, objects, environment and the like around the pipeline, including pipeline information, maintenance management of an operator, other related measures and the like;
the specific steps of S3 are as follows: according to each level of evaluation factors, relevant parameters of the underground pipeline are inspected and detected, the inspection and detection content is mainly determined according to the second level of evaluation factors, the method mainly comprises the steps of adopting an ultrasonic thickness gauge to detect the corrosivity of a medium in the pipeline, detecting the corrosion degree of the pipeline through the ultrasonic thickness gauge, detecting the defects of pipeline breakage and the like through an ultrasonic guided wave detector, inspecting the internal defects of the pipeline through a CCTV pipeline inspection robot, determining the defect position by combining a positioning system, rechecking the bearing capacity of the pipeline through a field inspection detection result, inspecting pipeline information, carrying out maintenance and management investigation of an operator, inspecting other relevant measures (including pipeline danger propaganda, pipeline importance propaganda, legal propaganda, pipeline pressure occupation clearing, punishment measures, regulation against regulations and the like), and the like;
and (3) detecting the corrosion performance of the medium in the pipe: the corrosivity of different media in the pipe is different, the corrosion depth (namely the corrosion rate) formed in unit time can be used as an index of the corrosivity of the media, and the corrosion depth can be determined according to the provisions in 'evaluation standard of corrosion of steel pipelines and storage tanks/direct evaluation of corrosion in buried steel pipelines' SY/T0087.2; detecting the corrosion of the pipe body by adopting an ultrasonic thickness gauge to detect the residual wall thickness of the pipe body after being corroded so as to judge the corrosion degree of the pipe body; and (3) detecting the damage of the pipeline: detecting defects such as damage, cracks, corrosion and the like of the pipeline by adopting an ultrasonic guided wave detector, and determining the positions of the defects by combining a positioning system; internal defect inspection: the CCTV pipeline inspection robot is adopted to inspect the appearance defects in the pipeline, and a positioning system is combined to determine the positions of the defects; the pipeline information inspection is mainly used for rechecking and comparing whether various use parameters such as pipe diameter, wall thickness, burial depth, arrangement, trend, use purpose and the like of the pipe body meet the original design requirements; the detection of the bearing capacity of the pipe body needs to be combined with the detection condition of field inspection to carry out bearing capacity calculation and recheck on the bearing capacity of the pipe body; the operator maintenance management survey mainly refers to checking and judging the data of the operator and a management unit on the pipeline such as regular inspection, a feedback communication mechanism, a public reporting source system, protection of identification and the like; the other related measure inspection mainly comprises the inspection of related measures such as pipeline danger propaganda, pipeline importance propaganda, legal propaganda, pipeline pressure occupation clearing, reward punishment measures, regulation against regulations and the like;
the specific steps of S4 are as follows: adopting an AHP method, establishing a hierarchical structure model through analyzing various factors influencing an evaluation target and the relationship among the factors, and establishing a judgment matrix through various influencing factors of different levels, wherein in each level, every two influencing factors are compared with each other, and the eigenvector corresponding to the maximum eigenvalue of the judgment matrix is the weight of the influencing factor of the level relative to the previous level, so that the influence degree of the influencing factors of the previous level is reflected;
the specific steps of S5 are as follows: after the main evaluation factors are layered and the weight is determined, the evaluation factors are scored according to the standard, scores obtained by the factors are collected, and the safety level of the underground pipeline is determined according to the collected result.
Preferably, the CCTV pipeline inspection robot is a device for accurately positioning a defect position inside an underground pipeline, and mainly comprises a moving part and a control part, wherein the moving part comprises a forwarding device, a video instrument and a displacement sensor, and the control part is a portable operation instrument; the video instrument is positioned in the middle of the advancing device and fixed on the advancing device through a video instrument hanging support, the displacement sensor is fixed on a panel of the advancing device, and the portable operation instrument is respectively in wireless connection with the advancing device and the video instrument.
Preferably, the portable operation instrument comprises a video window, a driving control lever (which is arranged in an inductor connected with a small data chip of the advancing device), an infrared signal transmission switch, a power switch and a video instrument recording switch, wherein the video window is positioned at the upper part of the portable operation instrument, the power switch is positioned at one side of the upper part of the portable operation instrument, the video instrument recording switch is positioned at the middle part of the portable operation instrument, the driving control lever is positioned at one side of the lower part of the portable operation instrument, and the infrared signal transmission switch is positioned at the other side of the lower part of the portable operation instrument.
Preferably, the video window is used for receiving a video signal transmitted by the video instrument, the control lever is driven to carry out forward or backward operation, the infrared signal transmission switch is used for connecting the video instrument and the portable operating instrument so that the picture of the video instrument is displayed on the video window of the portable operating instrument in real time, and the video instrument recording switch is used for controlling the recording of the video instrument.
Preferably, a battery is arranged in the portable operation instrument and is respectively connected with the video window, the infrared signal transmission switch and the driving operating lever; the video window comprises a liquid crystal color display screen for displaying video pictures, the liquid crystal display screen is respectively connected with the video recording switch and the infrared signal transmission switch through signal shielding lines, the infrared signal transmission switch is internally provided with an inductor, and the inductor is connected with the video instrument through infrared signals.
Preferably, the driving joystick is internally provided with a sensor, and the sensor is wirelessly connected with a small data chip on the advancing device.
Preferably, the end of the driving operating lever is connected with a built-in inductor in a surrounding manner, and the driving operating lever is in front-back contact with the inductor through front-back movement to be electrified so as to realize the forward and backward movement of the forward device.
Preferably, the video instrument is provided with a wide-angle lens.
Preferably, a storage card is arranged on the displacement sensor.
Preferably, the advancing device comprises a driving wheel, a small data chip and a battery, the small data chip is positioned on the left side of the advancing device and is in wireless signal connection with a sensor on the portable operation instrument, and the battery is positioned behind a video instrument of the advancing device.
Preferably, the advancing device further comprises a small motor connected with the battery and the driving wheel, respectively.
Preferably, the number of the driving wheels is four, and the number of the small motors is four.
Preferably, the device for accurately positioning the internal defect position of the underground pipeline further comprises a computer, and the video instrument and the displacement sensor are connected with the computer through data lines.
Preferably, in S4, the final determination of the primary evaluation factor weight is: 0.12 of medium in the tube, 0.59 of tube body and 0.29 of external influencing factor; determining the weight of the secondary evaluation factors: 1.00 corrosivity, 0.50 pipe body bearing capacity, 0.50 pipe body corrosion, 0.29 pipeline information, 0.48 maintenance and management of an operator and 0.23 other related measures.
Preferably, the criteria are specified as follows: the score of the primary evaluation factor is 20, and the secondary evaluation factors are divided into four grades.
Preferably, the scores of the four grades of the secondary evaluation factors are specifically as follows: a stage: not less than 16; b, stage: not less than 12; c, stage: not less than 6; d stage: < 6.
Preferably, the safety level of the underground pipeline in S5 is divided into four levels: a level: not less than 16; the B grade is more than or equal to 12 and less than 16; c level: not less than 6 and less than 12; d stage: < 6.
Has the advantages that:
the method for evaluating the safety of the underground pipeline determines the weighted values of all levels of evaluation factors by adopting an analytic hierarchy process, measures relevant parameters influencing all levels of evaluation factors through field inspection and detection, scores all the influencing factors on the basis, and divides the final safety level according to the final scoring condition. The method can quantitatively reflect the influence of various influencing factors on the safety of the underground pipeline, is simple and easy to operate, and can ensure scientific and reasonable conclusion.
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and detailed description of the invention, which are not meant to limit the scope of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a structural hierarchy diagram of the method for evaluating the safety of an underground pipeline according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view showing the moving part of the apparatus for precisely locating the position of a defect in the interior of an underground utility used in the method for evaluating the safety of an underground utility according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The operation flow of the underground pipeline safety evaluation method mainly comprises the following steps:
s1: collecting field original technical data;
s2: determining influence factors and hierarchical division;
s3: checking and detecting on site;
s4: determining the weight of the evaluation factor;
s5: and (5) evaluating safety.
The invention relates to a safety evaluation method of an underground pipeline, which comprises the following specific steps:
Before safety identification is carried out on an underground pipeline, original technical data related to the underground pipeline needs to be investigated, and investigation contents mainly comprise: original design and completion drawings, construction technical data, construction acceptance records, surrounding environment surveys, use records, daily inspection reports and the like provide a basis for determining influence factors and hierarchical division.
The definition of safety in engineering construction mainly refers to the capability of resisting load and not causing damage within a specified time and under specified conditions, and the definition of safety of underground pipelines shall include two aspects: 1) the pipeline has enough safety, and the pipeline has enough bearing capacity in the running process and can bear specified load without damage (including corrosion, cracking, collapse and the like of the pipe body); 2) people, objects, environment and the like around the pipeline are not subjected to serious safety hazards (including combustion and explosion of the medium, leakage of the conveyed medium, environmental pollution and the like) due to the pipeline accident.
The inventor discovers that the main factors causing underground pipeline accidents are pipeline corrosion, third-party damage, design errors and misoperation according to statistical data of the underground pipeline industry, and the pipeline accidents caused by the factors respectively account for 50%, 30% and 20% of the total accidents, so that the factors affecting the safe operation of the underground pipeline are roughly divided into three types according to the principle of ensuring the normal safe operation of the pipeline and the fact that the safe accidents of the pipeline are greatly reduced among various factors affecting the operation of the underground pipeline: medium in the pipe, pipe body and external influencing factors.
Fig. 1 is a structural level diagram of the method for evaluating the safety of an underground pipeline according to the present invention.
The basic idea of determining the structural hierarchy diagram is to decompose a complex object to form different hierarchies and to simplify the complex object. According to the properties of all influencing factors influencing the safety of the underground pipeline, all factors directly influencing the safety of the pipeline are used as primary evaluation factors, all factors directly influencing the primary evaluation factors are used as secondary evaluation factors, and therefore a structural hierarchical diagram is formed. Specifically, the inventor divides all factors influencing the safety of the pipeline into three types, namely an in-pipe medium, a pipe body and an external influencing factor, wherein the three types of factors are directly related to the safety of the pipeline and serve as primary evaluation factors, and the factors directly related to the three types of factors serve as secondary evaluation factors; wherein, the secondary evaluation factor of the medium in the pipe is corrosivity, and the corrosion depth (namely corrosion rate) formed in unit time can be used as the index of the corrosivity of the medium and is determined according to the regulation in the evaluation standard for corrosion of steel pipelines and storage tanks/direct evaluation of corrosion in buried steel pipelines SY/T0087.2; the secondary evaluation factors of the pipe body are the bearing capacity of the pipe body and the corrosion of the pipe body, wherein the bearing capacity of the pipe body needs to be calculated and rechecked by combining the field inspection and detection conditions, and the pipeline damage detection result of the ultrasonic guided wave and the internal defect inspection result of the CCTV pipeline inspection robot need to be comprehensively considered during rechecking of the bearing capacity; the corrosion detection of the pipe body needs to adopt an ultrasonic thickness gauge to judge the residual wall thickness of the pipe body after being corroded; the secondary evaluation factors of the external influence factors are pipeline information, maintenance management of an operator and other related measures, wherein the pipeline information inspection is mainly used for rechecking and comparing whether various use parameters such as pipe diameter, wall thickness, burial depth, arrangement, trend, use purpose and the like of the pipe body meet the original design requirements; the operator maintenance management survey mainly refers to checking and judging the data of the operator and a management unit on the pipeline such as regular inspection, a feedback communication mechanism, a public reporting source system, protection of identification and the like; other related measure inspection mainly comprises inspection of related measures such as pipeline danger propaganda, pipeline importance propaganda, legal propaganda, pipeline pressure occupation clearing, reward and punishment measures, regulation against regulations and the like.
And checking and detecting the related parameters of the underground pipeline according to the secondary evaluation factors.
And (3) detecting the corrosivity of the medium in the pipe: the corrosion depth (i.e. corrosion rate) formed in a unit time can be used as an index of medium corrosivity, and is determined according to the provisions of 'evaluation standard for corrosion of steel pipelines and storage tanks/direct evaluation of corrosion in buried steel pipelines' SY/T0087.2, and the grade evaluation is shown in Table 1 below. The method comprises the following steps of detecting the corrosivity of a medium in a pipe by using an ultrasonic thickness gauge, and specifically comprises the following steps: using TT110 ultrasonic thickness gauge, probe: 1 probe of 5P phi 10; a battery: AA type alkaline battery 2 cell, coupling agent: 1, bottling; measuring the wall thickness of the pipeline at certain intervals during initial installation of the pipeline, and measuring the wall thickness of the pipeline again after the pipeline passes through corrosive liquid for 48 hours; and averaging the difference value of the two measurements to obtain an average value, and reversely estimating the corrosivity of the corrosive liquid according to the wall thickness reduction condition.
TABLE 1 evaluation of corrosion of media
Detecting the bearing capacity of the pipe body: the bearing capacity of the pipe body needs to be calculated and rechecked by combining the field inspection and detection conditions, the pipeline damage detection result of the ultrasonic guided wave and the internal defect inspection result of the CCTV pipeline inspection robot need to be comprehensively considered during the rechecking of the bearing capacity, and the grade is rated as shown in the following table 2.
Detecting the residual wall thickness of the corroded pipeline by using an ultrasonic thickness gauge so as to judge the corrosion degree of the pipeline; the method comprises the following specific steps: using TT110 ultrasonic thickness gauge, probe: 1 probe of 5P phi 10; a battery: AA type alkaline battery 2 cell, coupling agent: 1, bottling; according to the concrete condition of the pipeline, a plurality of points are arranged, the wall thickness of the underground pipeline is measured to obtain an average value, and the corrosion degree of the pipeline is judged according to the originally recorded wall thickness of the pipeline.
And (3) detecting the damage of the pipeline: detecting defects of damage, cracks, corrosion and the like of the pipeline by adopting an ultrasonic guided wave detector; the method comprises the following specific steps: the method comprises the following steps of using a Zheda lean MSGW pipeline defect scanning instrument (MSGW for short) to realize the rapid scanning and positioning of pipeline defects by configuring a special pipeline probe, applying an excitation signal to the probe by the instrument during detection to generate a variable magnetic field around a coil, and enabling a ferromagnetic material to generate a magnetostrictive effect due to the variation of the external magnetic field, wherein shear particles in a magnetic strip vibrate and displace in a coupling mode to enable guided waves to axially propagate along a pipeline in a T (0,1) mode; in the process of guided wave propagation, when defects are met, one part of waves can be reflected, the other part of waves continue to be propagated forwards, the reflected guided waves generate a magnetostrictive reverse effect when passing through the probe, so that the coil generates an electric signal with weak induction, and the MSGW acquires, processes and analyzes the signal generated in the coil, so that the detection of the pipeline can be realized. The installation of the probe has two modes: the coupling agent is coupled with the air bag, and different coupling modes can be selected in field application. The MSGW probe can be permanently installed on the pipeline, long-term monitoring is carried out on the pipeline, the corrosion change condition of the pipeline is fed back in real time, and real-time and reliable information is provided for maintenance of the pipeline.
And (3) inspecting internal defects of the pipeline: the CCTV pipeline inspection robot is adopted to inspect the appearance defects in the pipeline, and a positioning system is combined to determine the positions of the defects;
the CCTV pipeline inspection robot may be a device for accurately locating a defect position inside an underground pipeline, and is a schematic plan view of a moving part of the device for accurately locating a defect position inside an underground pipeline used in the method for evaluating safety of an underground pipeline of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, in which 1 is a forwarding device, 2 is a video instrument, 3 is a displacement sensor, 4 is a small data chip, and 5 is a battery; the device for accurately positioning the internal defect position of the underground pipeline mainly comprises two parts: one is a motion part and one is a control part; the moving part comprises a forwarding device 1, a video instrument 2 and a displacement sensor 3, and the control part mainly comprises a portable operation instrument; the video instrument 2 is located in the middle of the advancing device 1 and fixed on the advancing device 1 through a video instrument hanging support, the video instrument hanging support is mainly used for bearing the video instrument 2, the displacement sensor 3 is fixed on a panel of the advancing device 1, the moving part carries the video instrument 2 and the displacement sensor 3 through the advancing device 1 to walk and detect inside a pipeline, and the specific position of a certain defect, namely the defect position, is determined by the time corresponding to a video signal of the current situation inside the pipeline recorded by the video instrument 2 and the displacement corresponding to the time of the displacement sensor 3.
The advancing device 1 is in fact a small machine device comprising four driving wheels, a small data chip 4 and a battery 5; the drive wheel is mainly used for driving the motion part to advance in the pipeline, and video appearance suspension bracket is mainly used for bearing the video appearance.
The small data chip is mainly used for controlling a moving part (comprising a forward device) through a portable operating instrument, so that the moving part can move forward and backward under the condition of controlling the moving part outside a pipeline, wherein the forward device 1 is mainly used for driving a video instrument 2 and a displacement sensor 3 to move forward in the pipeline.
The displacement sensor 3 is provided with a storage card, the displacement sensor 3 is mainly used for recording time and advancing displacement and is also arranged on the advancing device 1, before each use, the displacement sensor 3 is cleared to zero to enable time and displacement initial data to be zero, when detection is carried out, the storage card arranged in the displacement sensor 3 can store the advancing time and displacement data, when the detection is finished, the data can be guided to a computer, time comparison is carried out between the data and video data of the video instrument 2, the time of a certain defect in the video instrument 2 is compared with the time of the displacement sensor, and therefore the accurate position of the defect is obtained.
The portable operation instrument comprises a video window, a video instrument recording switch, a power switch, a driving operating lever and an infrared signal transmission switch, wherein the video window is positioned at the upper part of the portable operation instrument; the video window is used for displaying video signals transmitted by the video instrument, the operating lever is driven to carry out forward or backward operation on a moving part in the device for accurately positioning the internal defect position of the underground pipeline, and the video instrument recording switch is used for controlling the recording of the video instrument.
When the power switch is turned on, the video window, the infrared signal transmitter and the driving control lever are all electrified and work normally; the video window comprises a liquid crystal color display screen for displaying video pictures, the liquid crystal display screen is respectively connected with the video recording switch and the infrared signal transmission switch through signal shielding lines, an inductor is arranged in the infrared signal transmission switch, the inductor is connected with the video instrument 2 on the advancing device 1 through infrared signals, and time-frequency signals on the video instrument 2 can be transmitted to the video window in real time. The sensor is arranged in the driving operating lever, the sensor is connected with the small data chip 4 on the advancing device through wireless data signals, the end part of the driving operating lever is connected with the sensor arranged in the driving operating lever in a surrounding mode, the driving operating lever is in front-back contact with the sensor through front-back movement to be electrified, and the advancing and retreating functions of the advancing device 1 are achieved.
The portable manipulator is a composite instrument with built-in sensors (drive lever built-in sensors) connected to the small data chip in the forward device 1, which sensors have two operating options, forward and reverse, mainly for operating the forward device 1.
In addition, the portable operation instrument is internally provided with a sensor (an infrared transmission switch is internally provided with a sensor) connected with an infrared signal of the video instrument 2, so that the picture of the video instrument 2 is displayed on a video window of the portable operation instrument in real time.
Considering that there may be the precipitate bottom in the pipeline, every drive wheel all drives through a small motor, small motor links together with the drive wheel, small motor one end links together with small-size data chip, turn to through small-size data chip control motor, one end links to each other with the battery on the drive arrangement in addition, the switch on, realize that every drive wheel can both be driven alone, drive whole device through the drive wheel and walk in the pipeline, video appearance 2 is equipped with wide-angle lens, whole sectional current situation homoenergetic is recorded and is shot in the pipeline. When the video instrument 2 starts to record, the video instrument 2 can automatically record and store video signals, and can transmit the video signals to the portable operation instrument through the infrared sensor carried by the video instrument 2, so that the detection result can be judged in real time, when a certain picture is judged to have a defect, the time corresponding to the picture is recorded, after the section of pipeline is detected, the storage card on the displacement sensor 3 is taken out, the time-displacement data in the card is exported, and the displacement relative position of the certain defect can be obtained by comparing the previously recorded video picture time with the time-displacement data.
The device for accurately positioning the internal defect position of the underground pipeline further comprises a computer, and the data of the video instrument 2 and the data in the displacement sensor 3 are connected with the computer through data lines.
TABLE 2 Steel pipeline bearing Capacity grading
Note: 1. in the table, p' is the maximum safe working pressure, MAOP is the maximum allowable working pressure, and when the pipeline does not take pressure reduction measures, MAOP takes the pipeline design pressure;
2. when the pipeline has brittle fracture or fatigue fracture, the d-grade determination is directly carried out.
Detecting corrosion of the pipe body: the remaining wall thickness of the tube body after corrosion is judged by an ultrasonic thickness gauge, and the grade is shown in table 3 below.
TABLE 3 grade of corrosion degree of pipe body
| Grade | Characteristics and |
| 1 you | Has low corrosion degree, can be used continuously without |
| 2 good | The degree of corrosion is low, normal operation can be maintained, but monitoring should be enhanced and repair should be scheduled |
| 3 in | The degree of corrosion is severe, and the operation or repair under reduced pressure should be considered |
| 4 difference | The corrosion is severe, and the hole is perforated or regarded as a perforation, and should be repaired and replaced immediately |
And (3) evaluating the integrity of the pipe body information: by investigating and detecting relevant information (such as the type, the diameter, the burial depth, the material, the use condition, the reinforcement and reconstruction and other basic data) of the collected pipeline, the position, the diameter, the material, the possible danger and the like of the pipeline are judged according to the collected relevant information, and therefore an evasive method and a solution are provided. The information related to the pipeline can be divided into four levels of a level, b level, c level and d level according to the completeness and accuracy of the information, and the division is specified in the table 4.
The pipeline information inspection is mainly used for rechecking and comparing whether various use parameters such as pipe diameter, wall thickness, burial depth, arrangement, trend, use purpose and the like of the pipe body meet the original design requirements.
TABLE 4 pipeline information perfection grading index
Management and maintenance evaluation of an operator: and (3) respectively scoring each sub-measure of the management and maintenance system of the operator, multiplying each sub-measure by each weight, adding each result to obtain a final score, grading the management and maintenance system according to the final score, wherein each grading specification is shown in a table 5, and the effect grade of the management and maintenance system is determined according to a table 6.
TABLE 5 management maintenance level rating Table for operator
Table 6 management maintenance level division table of operator
Evaluation of other relevant measures: according to the measures actually taken by each relevant unit and the actual effect, other items capable of avoiding the third-party accident are divided into four levels of a level, b level, c level and d level, each item is scored according to the provisions in the table 7, and the final rating level is determined according to the table 8.
TABLE 7 rating of related measures table
Note: 1. the pipeline protection propaganda mainly comprises pipeline danger propaganda strength, pipeline importance propaganda strength, protection consciousness, legal propaganda and the like; administrative management mainly comprises reward and punishment measures, regulation against regulations, pipeline construction policy system and the like;
2. if the existing pipeline has no safety early warning system, the score can not be counted, and the grading standard is reduced in proportion.
TABLE 8 associated measures rankings table
Determining the weight of the primary evaluation factor: 0.12 of medium in the tube, 0.59 of tube body and 0.29 of external influencing factor; determining the weight of the secondary evaluation factors: 1.00 corrosivity, 0.50 pipe body bearing capacity, 0.50 pipe body corrosion, 0.29 pipeline information, 0.48 maintenance and management of an operator and 0.23 other related measures.
The weight value calculation results of the evaluation factors are shown in table 9 below.
TABLE 9
The main influence factors related to the safety of the underground pipeline have corresponding evaluation standards, after the main influence factors are layered and the weight is determined, the evaluation factors can be scored according to the standards, the scores of the factors are summarized, and the safety level of the pipeline is determined according to the summarized result. The underground pipeline safety rating scale is shown in table 10.
Watch 10
The determination mode of the score values corresponding to the grading in the table 2 is mainly performed according to engineering experience and problems commonly encountered in engineering, and according to the common grading standard, the score value of the grade a is not less than 80% of the total score, the grade b is not less than 60% of the total score, and the grade c is not less than 30% of the total score; and the standard accords with the division standard of the corresponding items in the front and the usability evaluation items in the back, and the consistency of the scoring standard of the whole text is kept.
The total scores of all the items in the evaluation method are inconsistent because the evaluation contents of all the items in the table are inconsistent; in consideration of the influence of the weight, the scores of the items listed in table 2 are uniformly recorded by 20; in the case of the safety scoring, the scores obtained when each item is evaluated may be converted in proportion and summarized in the table above.
When the safety evaluation is carried out on the plastic pipeline, only the influence of external influence factors is considered, secondary evaluation factors only use the contents of three of pipeline information, maintenance and management of an operator and other related measures, the weight of the external influence factors is 1, and the values of the secondary evaluation factors are taken according to a table.
The pipeline safety rating tabulation is shown in table 11 below.
TABLE 11
And according to the grading result, grading and determining the safety of the underground pipeline by referring to the underground pipeline safety grading table. The representative values of each grade are shown in Table 12 below (safety certification rating standards for certifying pipe sections).
TABLE 12
Method for determining weight of each evaluation factor
The weight of each evaluation factor is directly related to the final result, and the influence degree of each factor is quantified by adopting an analytic hierarchy process of an operational research theory, so that the influence of artificial subjective factors can be reduced to the maximum extent.
In the process of applying the analytic hierarchy process, the method mainly comprises the following steps: determining a hierarchical structure chart, judging the structure of a matrix, solving the eigenvector corresponding to the maximum eigenvalue of the judgment matrix, and checking the consistency. Generally, a judgment matrix is obtained by consulting experts, when the judgment matrix is constructed, a plurality of experts can be invited to judge so as to reduce the influence of artificial subjective factors as much as possible, and the judgment matrix from the experts is analyzed and integrated to respectively obtain the weight of each level of influence factors.
Judging the matrix construction: in the structure hierarchical diagram, the relationship between each level of evaluation factors and the corresponding upper level of evaluation factors can be clearly seen. The AHP method provides that every two evaluation factors at each level are compared with each other to determine the weight of the evaluation factor at the previous level, and different values are given according to different importance degrees.
In the structure hierarchy map, the evaluation factor set of a certain level is U ═ U1，U2···UnAnd (6) randomly taking out a pair of evaluation factors U from the evaluation set UiAnd UjCompare UiAnd UjThe value U is judged according to the importance degree of the evaluation factor corresponding to the previous levelijRepresents UiRelative to UjDegree of importance, judgment value UjiRepresents UjRelative to UiOf importance, Uij·Uji＝1。
When scoring, UiAnd UjComparing to obtain Uij，UjAnd UiComparing to obtain UjiHaving Uij·Uji＝1。
In order to correspond to the judgment level, a judgment value range [1/4, 4] is adopted, and when the judgment is performed, any numerical value can be taken from the range to be used as the importance index, and a judgment matrix of the evaluation factor of the level is formed. A judgment matrix R composed of these judgment values:
solving the characteristic vector and checking the consistency: solving the eigenvector of the diagonal matrix by adopting a square root method, wherein the specific method comprises the following steps:
A. calculating the product M of each row element of the judgment matrixi
B. Product M for each row elementiRoot of square of degree n
C. JudgmentThe eigenvector W of the broken matrix is equal to (W)1，W2,…,Wn)TIs solved for
Will vector
Normalization or normalization processing is carried out, and then:
from WiThe formed vector W is the characteristic vector of the judgment matrix, wherein WiThe ith element of the quantum W.
D. Solving the maximum eigenvalue lambda of the decision matrixmax
Due to the maximum eigenvalue λmaxIs more complex, so λmaxCan be pressed by the approximate solution of
In formula (RW)iRepresenting the ith element of the vector RW.
E. Consistency check
In the analytic hierarchy process, the obtained feature vector is the weight of the corresponding evaluation factor. Because the mutual correlation among the evaluation factors, the influence of subjective factors, and the unclear grasping condition of the actual condition of the evaluation target cause the deviation between the result of the solution and the actual condition, it is almost impossible to ensure that the weight of the solution is completely consistent with the actual condition, but if the deviation is too large, the weight of the solution cannot represent the actual condition, and the original meaning is lost, so the reasonability of the obtained weight needs to be checked. According to the theory of the analytic hierarchy process, after solving the characteristic vector, consistency check is needed to be carried out on the characteristic vector.
During consistency check, the random consistency ratio CR is used as an index for measuring consistency, when CR is less than 0.1, the judgment matrix has satisfactory consistency, and the solved weight coefficient can be accepted. The random consistency ratio CR is calculated as follows
CR＝CI/RI
In the formula: CR-judging the random consistency ratio of the matrix;
CI-consistency index of the judgment matrix;
RI — random consistency index.
The consistency index of the judgment matrix can be calculated according to the following formula:
the invention quantifies each evaluation factor, and then calculates the safety evaluation score according to the weight of each factor to obtain the final safety evaluation grade. The technical measures mainly comprise the steps of determining the weight of each influence factor, scoring each influence factor, evaluating the final result and the like. In order to quantify each influence factor as much as possible, the key problem that the scoring method cannot avoid is the determination of the weight of the influence factors.
The method has wide prospect and good economic and social benefits.
After reading the teaching of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the invention, and these equivalents also fall within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. An underground pipeline safety assessment method comprises the following steps:
s1: collecting field original technical data: collecting original technical data of the underground pipeline, wherein the original technical data mainly comprises site survey, original design completion drawings, later-stage reconstruction technical data and peripheral use environment survey;
s2: determining influence factors and hierarchical division: according to the nature of each influence factor that influences the underground pipeline security, will directly influence each factor of underground pipeline security as the primary evaluation factor, including intraductal medium, body and outside influence factor, will directly influence each factor of primary evaluation factor as the secondary evaluation factor, including the corrosivity of intraductal medium, body corrosion and bearing capacity, pipeline information, operator's maintenance management and other relevant measures, other relevant measures include: pipeline danger propaganda, pipeline importance propaganda, legal propaganda, pipeline pressure occupation removal, reward and punishment measures and violation management system to form a structural hierarchical diagram;
s3: and (3) field inspection and detection: the method mainly comprises the steps of detecting the corrosion depth of a pipe body by using an ultrasonic thickness gauge and reversely pushing the corrosivity of a medium in the pipe, detecting the corrosion degree of the pipe body by using the ultrasonic thickness gauge, detecting the damage defect of the pipeline by using an ultrasonic guided wave detector, detecting the internal defect of the pipe body by using a CCTV pipeline inspection robot, determining the position of the defect by combining a positioning system, rechecking the bearing capacity of the pipe body by using a field inspection detection result, inspecting pipeline information, investigating operator maintenance and management and other related measures;
s4: determination of evaluation factor weight: adopting an AHP method, establishing a hierarchical structure model through analyzing various factors influencing an evaluation target and the relationship among the factors, and through various influencing factors of different levels, comparing every two influencing factors with each other in each level, establishing a judgment matrix, wherein a feature vector corresponding to the maximum feature value of the judgment matrix is the weight of the influencing factor of the level relative to the previous level, and reflecting the influence degree of the influencing factors of the previous level;
s5: and (3) safety evaluation: and scoring each evaluation factor, summarizing scores obtained by each factor, and determining the safety level of the underground pipeline according to the summarized result.
2. The underground utility safety evaluation method according to claim 1, wherein: the CCTV pipeline inspection robot is a device for accurately positioning the internal defect position of an underground pipeline; the device mainly comprises a motion part and a control part, wherein the motion part comprises a forward device, a video instrument and a displacement sensor, and the control part is a portable operation instrument; the video instrument is positioned in the middle of the advancing device and fixed on the advancing device through a video instrument hanging support, the displacement sensor is fixed on a panel of the advancing device, and the portable operation instrument is respectively in wireless connection with the advancing device and the video instrument.
3. The underground utility safety evaluation method according to claim 2, wherein: the device for accurately determining the internal defect position of the underground pipeline further comprises a computer, and the video instrument and the displacement sensor are connected with the computer.
4. The underground utility safety evaluation method according to claim 3, wherein: the portable operation instrument comprises a video window, a driving operating lever, an infrared signal transmission switch, a power switch and a video instrument recording switch, wherein the video window is positioned on the upper portion of the portable operation instrument, the power switch is positioned on one side of the upper portion of the portable operation instrument, the video instrument recording switch is positioned in the middle of the portable operation instrument, the driving operating lever is positioned on one side of the lower portion of the portable operation instrument, and the infrared signal transmission switch is positioned on the other side of the lower portion of the portable operation instrument.
5. The underground utility safety evaluation method according to claim 1, wherein: the weight of the first-order evaluation factors is as follows: 0.12 of medium in the tube, 0.59 of tube body and 0.29 of external influencing factor; the weight of the secondary evaluation factors is as follows: 1.00 corrosivity, 0.50 pipe body bearing capacity, 0.50 pipe body corrosion, 0.29 pipeline information, 0.48 maintenance and management of an operator and 0.23 other related measures.
6. The underground utility safety evaluation method according to claim 5, wherein: the score of the primary evaluation factor is 20, and the secondary evaluation factors are divided into four grades.
7. The underground utility safety evaluation method according to claim 6, wherein: the scores of the four grades of the secondary evaluation factors are specifically as follows: a stage: not less than 16; b, stage: not less than 12; c, stage: not less than 6; d stage: < 6.
8. The underground utility safety evaluation method according to claim 7, wherein: the safety grades of the underground pipeline in the S5 are divided into four grades: a level: not less than 16; the B grade is more than or equal to 12 and less than 16; c level: not less than 6 and less than 12; d stage: < 6.
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