CN107782611B - Test device suitable for multi-angle stock draws test - Google Patents
Test device suitable for multi-angle stock draws test Download PDFInfo
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- CN107782611B CN107782611B CN201711314505.5A CN201711314505A CN107782611B CN 107782611 B CN107782611 B CN 107782611B CN 201711314505 A CN201711314505 A CN 201711314505A CN 107782611 B CN107782611 B CN 107782611B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0017—Tensile
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/23—Dune restoration or creation; Cliff stabilisation
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a test device suitable for a multi-angle anchor rod drawing test, which comprises a model box, a bucket, a pull rope and an angle adjusting mechanism, wherein the model box comprises a working top beam and a working bottom beam, the angle adjusting mechanism comprises a rotating frame, two adjusting ropes and a rope adjusting mechanism, the rotating frame comprises a U-shaped frame and a plurality of adjusting cross bars, the U-shaped frame comprises two supporting side plates and a connecting cross bar, the lower ends of the two supporting side plates are respectively hinged to the two ends of the working bottom beam, the two ends of the connecting cross bar are respectively connected with the upper ends of the two supporting side plates, each adjusting cross bar is movably connected with the two supporting side plates, a plurality of adjustable pulleys are arranged on each adjusting cross bar, one ends of the two adjusting ropes are respectively fixed on the two ends of the connecting cross bar, the other ends of the two adjusting ropes are arranged on the rope adjusting mechanism, and the horizontal height of the connecting cross bar can be changed by adjusting the length of the rope. The device simple structure can change different angles and carry out the drawing test when guaranteeing the integration with the model case.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of indoor geotechnical test devices, in particular to a test device suitable for a multi-angle anchor rod drawing test.
Background
The anchor rod is widely applied to practical engineering, is commonly used for foundation pit excavation and slope support engineering, and is also involved in underground tunnel excavation engineering. Simulation tests are often carried out on anchor rod construction processes of different forms and sizes indoors to approximately obtain stress deformation conditions of the anchor rod under different working conditions or evaluate the quality of the construction process. When the indoor experimental simulation of the anchor rod drawing is carried out, engineering properties of the anchor rod at different soil penetration angles are often required to be considered, and therefore, a test device capable of changing the anchor rod drawing angle is required to be designed. When the existing test device is used for carrying out anchor rod drawing tests, most of the existing test device is provided with support rods at different heights on the opening side of the model box so as to provide support points of anchor rod pulling plates, the number of different drawing angles of the anchor rods can be provided by the method, the number of the support rods depends on the number of the support rods, and the angle which can be changed at a certain time is extremely limited; in another common method, a bracket is independently arranged on the outer side of the model box, but the device is complex, the system integrity is poor, the independent bracket is easy to be interfered by the outside, and the anchor rod can not be ensured to be drawn at the same angle.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the test device suitable for the multi-angle anchor rod drawing test, which has the advantages of simple structure and convenience in operation, and can change different angles to carry out the anchor rod drawing test while ensuring the integration with the model box.
The technical scheme adopted for achieving the purposes of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a test device suitable for multi-angle stock draws test, includes model box, jack, backing plate, reaction frame, bucket and stay cord, and the model box includes box and slope, and the slope is located the box, and the box is square, and the box includes square roof frame and square underframe, and square roof frame is the work back timber with the just frame of slope, and square underframe is the work underframe with the just frame of slope, still includes angle adjustment mechanism, angle adjustment mechanism includes revolving rack, two regulation ropes and rope regulation structure, and the revolving rack is symmetrical structure, the revolving rack include U type frame and a plurality of regulation horizontal pole, and the U type frame is located the box, and the U type frame includes two support curb plates and connection horizontal pole, and the lower extreme of two support curb plates articulates respectively on the both ends of work underframe through the articulated part, and the both ends of connection horizontal pole are connected with the upper end of two support curb plates respectively, and a plurality of regulation horizontal pole distributes in proper order along the length direction of support curb plate, and the both ends of each regulation horizontal pole can be followed the length direction of two support curb plates and slided, are equipped with a plurality of position adjustable pulley mechanism on each regulation horizontal pole, and pulley mechanism includes, two fixed connection rope and two regulation mechanism are connected on two regulation horizontal bar of rope.
The rope adjusting mechanism comprises a rotating shaft, two bearings, two locking mechanisms, two rope grooves and a handle, wherein through holes are formed in the working top beam along the length direction of the working top beam, the two bearings are respectively arranged at two ends of the through holes, the rotating shaft penetrates through the through holes and is connected with the through holes through the two bearings, the handle is arranged at one end of the rotating shaft, the other ends of the two adjusting ropes are respectively fixed in the two rope grooves, a part of the adjusting ropes is wound in the two rope grooves, and the two locking mechanisms are respectively arranged at two ends of the rotating shaft and can fix the rotating shaft through the two locking mechanisms.
The locking mechanism be rotatory lid, rotatory lid is cylindric, rotatory lid's one end opening is equipped with the screw hole on the sealed tip of lid, is equipped with the internal thread on the rotatory lid inside wall, one end of two bearings all is located outside the through-hole, two bearing outer lane are located and are equipped with the first external screw thread that matches with rotatory lid internal screw thread on the tip outside the through-hole, the both ends portion of pivot is equipped with the second external screw thread that matches with the screw hole, two rotatory lids respectively with the both ends threaded connection of pivot, and two rotatory lids are located the outside of two bearings respectively, the open end of two rotatory lids is just relative in two bearings respectively.
The two ends of the rotating shaft are provided with a first limiting block and a second limiting block, the two first limiting blocks are respectively positioned on the outer sides of the two rotating covers, the two second limiting blocks are respectively positioned on the outer sides of the two first limiting blocks, and a rope groove is formed in a space between the first limiting block and the second limiting block which are fixed on the same end of the rotating shaft.
The hand crank is an L-shaped rod, a vertical rod of the hand crank is fixedly connected with one end of the rotating shaft, and the vertical rod of the hand crank is perpendicular to the rotating shaft.
The two support side plates are respectively provided with two sliding grooves along the length direction of the two support side plates, the adjusting cross rod is provided with a third external thread, the two ends of the adjusting cross rod are respectively connected with compression nuts, the two ends of the adjusting cross rod respectively penetrate through the two sliding grooves, and the two ends of the adjusting cross rod are respectively fixed on the two support side plates through the two compression nuts.
The hinge piece comprises a pin shaft and a third limiting block, one ends of the two pin shafts are respectively fixed at the centers of two end faces of the working bottom beam, the two pin shafts are parallel to the working bottom beam, two through holes are respectively formed in the lower ends of the two supporting side plates, the other ends of the two pin shafts respectively penetrate through the two through holes, the two supporting side plates are respectively in clearance fit with the two pin shafts, and the other ends of the two pin shafts are respectively fixedly connected with the two third limiting block.
The pulley mechanism also comprises two adjusting nuts, the two adjusting nuts are respectively positioned at two sides of the pulley, and the pulley is fixed on the adjusting cross rod through the two adjusting nuts.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects and advantages:
1. the device has simple mechanism, the used parts are mainly steel, pulleys, nuts, steel wire ropes and the like, and the manufacturing cost is low.
2. According to the invention, the multi-angle drawing of the anchor rod can be realized by changing the inclination angle of the U-shaped frame and adjusting the fixed position of the cross rod on the chute.
3. The adjusting cross rod can be provided with a plurality of pulleys (the number of the pulleys depends on the number of the anchor rods in the corresponding layer), the distance between the pulleys is adjustable (the distance between the pulleys depends on the arrangement distance of the anchor rods in the same layer), the adjusting cross rod can also be provided with a plurality of pulleys (the number of the adjusting cross rods depends on the number of layers of the anchor rods), the pulleys are arranged along the length direction of the two supporting side plates, the distance between the adjusting cross rods can also be adjusted (the distance between the adjusting cross rods depends on the layer distance of the anchor rods), and therefore, the simultaneous drawing of a plurality of layers of anchor rods can be realized no matter the anchor rods are positioned in any position in a soil body;
4. the invention adopts a more convenient structure (rotating wheel) when changing the inclination angle of the U-shaped frame, thereby realizing the multi-angle adjustment of the inclination angle of the U-shaped frame and saving time and labor.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a test apparatus suitable for a multi-angle bolt pull test.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of I in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a rope adjusting mechanism.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the turret.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the case.
Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of J in fig. 5.
The device comprises a 1-model box, a 2-jack, a 3-base plate, a 4-counterforce frame, a 5-bucket, a 6-stay rope, a 7-square top frame, an 8-square bottom frame, a 9-working top beam, a 10-working bottom beam, an 11-adjusting rope, a 12-U-shaped frame, a 13-adjusting cross rod, a 14-supporting side plate, a 15-connecting cross rod, a 16-pulley, a 17-rotating shaft, a 18-bearing, a 19-handle, a 20-through hole, a 21-rotating cover, a 22-first limiting block, a 23-second limiting block, a 24-sliding groove, a 25-compression nut, a 26-pin roll, a 27-third limiting block, a 28-slope and a 29-adjusting nut.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The structure of the test device suitable for the multi-angle anchor rod drawing test is shown in fig. 1, and the device comprises a model box 1, a jack 2, a base plate 3, a reaction frame 4, a bucket 5, a pull rope 6 and an angle adjusting mechanism.
As shown in fig. 4, the model box comprises a box body and a slope 28, the slope 28 is positioned in the box body, the box body is square, the box body comprises a square top frame 7 and a square bottom frame 8, the frame of the square top frame 7 opposite to the slope 28 is a working top beam 9, the working top beam 9 is provided with a through hole 20 along the length direction, and the frame of the square bottom frame 8 opposite to the slope 28 is a working bottom beam 10.
The angle adjusting mechanism comprises a rotating frame, two adjusting ropes 11 and a rope adjusting structure.
As shown in fig. 5, the rotating frame is of a symmetrical structure, and comprises a U-shaped frame 12, a plurality of adjusting cross bars 13 and two hinged pieces, wherein the U-shaped frame is positioned outside the box body. The U-shaped frame comprises two supporting side plates 14 and a connecting cross rod 15, and two ends of the connecting cross rod 15 are respectively connected with the upper ends of the two supporting side plates 14. Two through holes are respectively arranged at the lower ends of the two supporting side plates 14, and two sliding grooves 24 are respectively arranged on the two supporting side plates 14 along the length direction. The hinge piece comprises a pin shaft 26 and a third limiting block 27, one ends of the pin shafts 26 are respectively fixed at the centers of two end faces of the working bottom beam 10, and the pin shafts 26 are parallel to the working bottom beam 10. The other ends of the two pin shafts 26 respectively penetrate through the two through holes, the two support side plates 14 are respectively in clearance fit with the two pin shafts 26, and the other ends of the two pin shafts 26 are respectively fixedly connected with the two third limiting blocks 27. The adjusting cross rod 13 is provided with a third external thread, the adjusting cross rod 13 is symmetrically provided with a plurality of pulley mechanisms, each pulley mechanism comprises a pulley 16 and two adjusting nuts 29, the two adjusting nuts 39 are respectively positioned on two sides of the pulley 16, and the pulley is fixed on the adjusting cross rod 13 through the two adjusting nuts 29. The two ends of the adjusting cross rod 13 are respectively connected with compression nuts 25, the two ends of the adjusting cross rod 13 respectively pass through the two sliding grooves 24, and the two ends of the adjusting cross rod 13 are respectively fixed on the two supporting side plates through the two compression nuts 25. The adjusting cross bars can be provided with a plurality of pulleys (the number of the pulleys depends on the number of the anchor rods in the corresponding layer), the distance between the pulleys is adjustable (the distance between the pulleys depends on the arrangement distance of the anchor rods in the same layer), the adjusting cross bars can also be provided with a plurality of pulleys (the number of the adjusting cross bars depends on the number of layers of the anchor rods), the pulleys are sequentially arranged along the length direction of the two supporting side plates, and the distance between the adjusting cross bars can also be adjusted (the distance between the adjusting cross bars depends on the layer distance of the anchor rods), so that the simultaneous drawing of a plurality of layers of anchor rods can be realized no matter the anchor rods are positioned in any position in a soil body;
as shown in fig. 3, the rope adjusting structure comprises a rotating shaft 17, two bearings 18, two locking mechanisms, two rope grooves and a handle 19. The locking mechanism is a rotary cover 21, the rotary cover 21 is cylindrical, one end of the rotary cover 21 is opened, a threaded hole is formed in the sealed end of the rotary cover 21, and an internal thread is formed in the inner side wall of the rotary cover 21. One end of each of the two bearings 18 is respectively arranged at two ends of the through hole 20, the other end of each of the two bearings 18 is positioned outside the through hole 20, and the end of the outer ring of each of the two bearings 18 positioned outside the through hole is provided with a first external thread matched with the internal thread of the rotary cover 21.
The two ends of the rotating shaft 17 are provided with second external threads matched with the threaded holes, the two rotating covers 21 are respectively in threaded connection with the two ends of the rotating shaft, the two rotating covers 21 are respectively positioned on the outer sides of the two bearings 18, and the open ends of the two rotating covers 21 are respectively opposite to the two bearings 18. The two ends of the rotating shaft 18 are provided with a first limiting block 22 and a second limiting block 23, the two first limiting blocks 22 are respectively positioned on the outer sides of the two rotating covers 21, the two second limiting blocks 23 are respectively positioned on the outer sides of the two first limiting blocks 21, and a rope groove is formed by a space between the first limiting block 22 and the second limiting block 22 which are fixed on the same end of the rotating shaft.
One end of each of the two adjusting ropes 11 is respectively fixed on two ends of the connecting cross bar 15, the other end of each of the two adjusting ropes 11 is respectively wound and fixed in the two rope grooves, and a part of each of the adjusting ropes 11 is wound in the two rope grooves.
The handle 19 is an L-shaped rod, one end of the handle 19 is fixedly connected with one end of the rotating shaft 17, and a vertical rod of the handle 19 is perpendicular to the rotating shaft 16.
All ropes in this embodiment are thin, non-deformable steel cords.
The using method of the test device suitable for the multi-angle anchor rod drawing test is as follows:
before the test, firstly, stacking soil samples in a model box according to the gradient of a preset side slope; then inserting anchor rods at set positions on the slope surface, wherein the anchor rods can be arranged into single-row anchor rods or multiple-row anchor rods on the slope, and the number of the anchor rods on each row of anchor rods can be set at will and completely depends on the simulated working condition and experimental design; after the anchor rod is arranged, a backing plate is placed at the top of the slope, and a jack is used for pressurizing at the central position of the backing plate to provide a slope top load; when the pressure is stabilized at the test design load, the device provided by the invention is used for pulling the anchor rod on the slope, and the following two methods are adopted:
1. firstly, fixing the U-shaped frame at a constant angle, and changing the fixing position of the adjusting cross bar on the chute, wherein the direction of connecting the end part of the anchor bar with the center of a pulley on the adjusting cross bar is in the same straight line with the direction of inserting the anchor bar into the soil body;
2. firstly, fixing the position of the adjusting cross rod on the chute, adjusting the angle of the U-shaped frame, and taking the direction of connecting the end part of the anchor rod with the center of the pulley on the adjusting cross rod and the direction of inserting the anchor rod into the soil body as the same straight line as the direction of inserting the anchor rod into the soil body;
the first method is suitable for the pulling plate of the multilayer multi-column anchor rod, but the angle of the U-shaped frame is set in advance to be suitable, otherwise, the bucket corresponding to the anchor rod at the bottom layer is likely to touch the ground, so that the test is failed; the second method is only suitable for the pulling plate of single-layer multi-column anchor rods, because if the anchor rods are multiple, the straight pulling plate of the anchor rods is difficult to realize by only adjusting the angle of the U-shaped frame, but in any method, according to the number of anchor rods of each layer, the corresponding number of pulleys are arranged on the adjusting cross rod to realize the pulling plate of the anchor rods at the corresponding positions, and the two methods are suggested to be combined for use, and simultaneously, the angle of the U-shaped frame and the position of the adjusting cross rod on the sliding groove are adjusted.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a test device suitable for multi-angle stock draws test, includes model box, jack, backing plate, reaction frame, bucket and stay cord, and the model box includes box and slope, and the slope is located the box, and the box is square, and the box includes square top frame and square underframe, and square top frame is work back timber with the just frame of slope, and square underframe is work underframe with the just frame of slope, its characterized in that: the angle adjusting mechanism comprises a rotating frame, two adjusting ropes and a rope adjusting mechanism, the rotating frame is of a symmetrical structure, the rotating frame comprises a U-shaped frame and a plurality of adjusting cross bars, the U-shaped frame is positioned outside the box body, the U-shaped frame comprises two supporting side plates and a connecting cross bar, the lower ends of the two supporting side plates are respectively hinged on the two ends of the working bottom beam through hinging pieces, the two ends of the connecting cross bar are respectively connected with the upper ends of the two supporting side plates,
the plurality of adjusting cross bars are sequentially distributed along the length direction of the supporting side plates, two sliding grooves are respectively formed in the two supporting side plates along the length direction of the two supporting side plates, third external threads are formed in each adjusting cross bar, compression nuts are respectively connected to the two ends of each adjusting cross bar, the two ends of each adjusting cross bar respectively penetrate through the two sliding grooves, the two ends of each adjusting cross bar are respectively fixed on the two supporting side plates through the two compression nuts, and the two ends of each adjusting cross bar can slide up and down along the length direction of the two supporting side plates; a plurality of position-adjustable pulley mechanisms are arranged on each adjusting cross rod, each pulley mechanism comprises a pulley, and one ends of two adjusting ropes are respectively fixed on two ends of the connecting cross rod;
the rope adjusting mechanism comprises a rotating shaft, two bearings, two locking mechanisms, two rope grooves and a handle, wherein through holes are formed in the working top beam along the length direction of the working top beam, the two bearings are respectively arranged at two ends of the through holes, the rotating shaft penetrates through the through holes and is connected with the through holes through the two bearings, the handle is arranged at one end of the rotating shaft, the other ends of the two adjusting ropes are respectively fixed in the two rope grooves, a part of the two adjusting ropes are respectively wound in the two rope grooves, the rope adjusting mechanism can change the horizontal height of a connecting cross rod through the length of the adjusting ropes, and the two locking mechanisms are respectively arranged at two ends of the rotating shaft and can fix the rotating shaft through the two locking mechanisms.
2. The test device suitable for a multi-angle bolt pull test according to claim 1, wherein: the locking mechanism be rotatory lid, rotatory lid is cylindric, rotatory lid's one end opening is equipped with the screw hole on the sealed tip of lid, is equipped with the internal thread on the rotatory lid inside wall, one end of two bearings all is located outside the through-hole, two bearing outer lane are located and are equipped with the first external screw thread that matches with rotatory lid internal screw thread on the tip outside the through-hole, the both ends portion of pivot is equipped with the second external screw thread that matches with the screw hole, two rotatory lids respectively with the both ends threaded connection of pivot, and two rotatory lids are located the outside of two bearings respectively, the open end of two rotatory lids is just relative in two bearings respectively.
3. The test device suitable for a multi-angle bolt pull test according to claim 2, wherein: the two ends of the rotating shaft are provided with a first limiting block and a second limiting block, the two first limiting blocks are respectively positioned on the outer sides of the two rotating covers, the two second limiting blocks are respectively positioned on the outer sides of the two first limiting blocks, and a rope groove is formed in a space between the first limiting block and the second limiting block which are fixed on the same end of the rotating shaft.
4. The test device suitable for a multi-angle bolt pull test according to claim 1, wherein: the hand crank is an L-shaped rod, a vertical rod of the hand crank is fixedly connected with one end of the rotating shaft, and the vertical rod of the hand crank is perpendicular to the rotating shaft.
5. The test device suitable for a multi-angle bolt pull test according to claim 1, wherein: the hinge piece comprises a pin shaft and a third limiting block, one ends of the two pin shafts are respectively fixed at the centers of two end faces of the working bottom beam, the two pin shafts are parallel to the working bottom beam, two through holes are respectively formed in the lower ends of the two supporting side plates, the other ends of the two pin shafts respectively penetrate through the two through holes, the two supporting side plates are respectively in clearance fit with the two pin shafts, and the other ends of the two pin shafts are respectively fixedly connected with the two third limiting block.
6. The test device suitable for a multi-angle bolt pull test according to claim 1, wherein: the pulley mechanism also comprises two adjusting nuts, the two adjusting nuts are respectively positioned at two sides of the pulley, and the pulley is fixed on the adjusting cross rod through the two adjusting nuts.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711314505.5A CN107782611B (en) | 2017-12-09 | 2017-12-09 | Test device suitable for multi-angle stock draws test |
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| CN201711314505.5A CN107782611B (en) | 2017-12-09 | 2017-12-09 | Test device suitable for multi-angle stock draws test |
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| CN107782611A CN107782611A (en) | 2018-03-09 |
| CN107782611B true CN107782611B (en) | 2023-10-17 |
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| CN109187197B (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2021-10-01 | 山东省建筑工程质量检验检测中心有限公司 | Anchor bolt anti-tensile-pulling strength detection device for building construction |
| CN109520839B (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2023-12-15 | 西南交通大学 | Multifunctional test method for tensile property of shield tunnel bolt joint |
| CN111024496A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-04-17 | 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 | Force transmission device for anti-pulling test and detection method thereof |
| CN111044374B (en) * | 2020-01-03 | 2024-05-03 | 武汉科技大学 | Anchor rod drawing test platform with adjustable size |
| CN111380747B (en) * | 2020-05-12 | 2020-11-27 | 兰州理工大学 | Constant force loading system for earthen site anchoring and drawing test and use method thereof |
| CN111948046A (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2020-11-17 | 山东大学 | Anchor plate drawing test device, system and method based on transparent soil |
| CN113324817B (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2023-04-28 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Method for manufacturing complex reverse slope model and test device |
| CN114892731B (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2024-02-13 | 合肥工业大学 | Transmission line tower foundation drawing test system considering facing cliff and slope topography |
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