CN107780926B - Borehole section shape measuring method, device and terminal - Google Patents
Borehole section shape measuring method, device and terminal Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of well logging, and particularly relates to a borehole section shape measuring method, a device, a terminal and a computer readable storage medium, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring a plurality of logging data of a multi-arm caliper in the same shaft depth; the logging data comprise well wall coordinates with the center of the multi-arm caliper as a reference point; according to the well wall coordinates, fitting an evaluation function by using a least square method with constraint conditions to obtain well hole center coordinates and well hole radius of the deep part of the well shaft; the constraint condition is that the distance from the borehole wall coordinate to the borehole center coordinate is greater than or equal to the borehole radius; ensuring that the well wall coordinate is positioned outside or on a circle obtained by fitting the least square fitting evaluation function; therefore, the real borehole section shape is obtained, the borehole diameter measurement error is reduced, and the reliability of the borehole section shape measurement result is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of well logging, and particularly relates to a borehole section shape measuring method, a borehole section shape measuring device, a borehole section shape measuring terminal and a computer readable storage medium.
Background
Well logging techniques are widely used in the fields of oil and gas drilling, underground water, mineral and geothermal exploration, environmental and geotechnical research, and the like. In oil and gas drilling, the observed data obtained by well logging is an important basis for stratum lithology judgment, stratum profile interpretation, actual stratum depth and speed calibration, reservoir prediction, drilling operation decision and the like. The caliper logging is an important component of logging. The borehole diameter logging result can assist in judging the lithological properties such as rock types, permeability, fracture development conditions and the like, can also judge the ground stress state according to the rock wall cracking condition, is also a basis for correcting borehole influence, and also provides data for estimating drilling fluid drilling removal capacity and well cementation cement demand in drilling operation.
In the prior art, a circumferential curve of a borehole section is obtained by calculating an average value of the borehole diameter in the borehole section, or based on the theorem of intersecting chords of circles, or by carrying out ellipse fitting through a cubic spline function, so as to obtain the shape of a borehole. However, when the borehole has a keyway, cracks or the section of the borehole has obvious irregularities due to the adoption of a gas drilling technology and the like, the methods in the prior art cannot measure the accurate borehole diameter and the accurate shape of the section of the borehole, and have the problem of large measurement error.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide a method, an apparatus, a terminal and a computer-readable storage medium for measuring a cross-sectional shape of a borehole, which are used to solve the technical problem in the prior art that a measurement error is large when a cross-section of a borehole has significant irregularities.
The first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a method for measuring a cross-sectional shape of a borehole, including:
acquiring a plurality of logging data of a multi-arm caliper in the same shaft depth; the logging data comprise well wall coordinates with the center of the multi-arm caliper as a reference point;
according to the well wall coordinates, fitting an evaluation function by using a least square method with constraint conditions to obtain well hole center coordinates and well hole radius of the deep part of the well shaft; the constraint condition is that the distance from the borehole wall coordinate to the borehole center coordinate is greater than or equal to the borehole radius;
and correcting the coordinates of the well wall by taking the coordinates of the center of the well hole as a reference point, and acquiring the shape of the cross section of the well hole in the deep part of the well shaft.
A second aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a wellbore sectional shape measuring apparatus, including:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring a plurality of logging data of the multi-arm caliper in the same well bore depth; the logging data comprise well wall coordinates with the center of the multi-arm caliper as a reference point;
the fitting module is used for fitting an evaluation function by using a least square method with constraint conditions according to the well wall coordinates to obtain well hole center coordinates and well hole radius of the deep part of the well shaft; the constraint condition is that the distance from the borehole wall coordinate to the borehole center coordinate is greater than or equal to the borehole radius;
and the correction module is used for correcting the well wall coordinates by taking the well hole center coordinates as a reference point to obtain the well hole section shape in the deep part of the well hole.
A third aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a measurement terminal, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, where the processor implements the steps of the method when executing the computer program.
A fourth aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer program implements the steps of the above method.
In the embodiment of the invention, the central coordinates and the radius of the borehole at the deep part of each shaft are obtained by fitting an evaluation function through a least square method with constraint conditions; the constraint condition is that the distance from the borehole wall coordinate to the borehole center coordinate is greater than or equal to the borehole radius; ensuring that the well wall coordinate is positioned outside or on a circle obtained by fitting the least square fitting evaluation function; however, the fitting method in the prior art does not have the constraint condition, so that the borehole wall coordinates may be located in a circle of a circle obtained by fitting with the fitting method in the prior art, and the borehole diameter measurement may have errors. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the method and the device can obtain the real central coordinates of the borehole, the radius of the borehole and the cross section shape of the borehole, reduce the error of borehole diameter measurement and improve the reliability of the measurement result of the cross section shape of the borehole.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an implementation of a method for measuring a cross-sectional shape of a wellbore provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a multi-arm caliper in a wellbore provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram comparing the fitting results of the borehole cross-sectional shape measurement method provided by the embodiment of the present invention with the borehole cross-sectional shape measurement method in the prior art;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a comparison of the fitting results of the wellbore cross-sectional shape measurement method provided by the embodiment of the present invention and the wellbore cross-sectional shape measurement method in the prior art;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of another implementation of a method for measuring a cross-sectional shape of a wellbore provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a wellbore cross-sectional shape measuring device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of another configuration of a wellbore cross-sectional shape measurement device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a measurement terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Meanwhile, in the description of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used only for distinguishing the description, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Fig. 1 shows a flowchart of an implementation of a method for measuring a cross-sectional shape of a borehole, which includes steps S101 to S103.
In S101, acquiring a plurality of logging data of the multi-arm caliper in the same well bore depth; the well logging data comprises well wall coordinates with the center of the multi-arm caliper as a reference point.
In some embodiments of the invention, the multi-arm caliper is in direct contact with the borehole wall by extending a plurality of measurement arms and acquiring multiple well logs at the same borehole depth based on the length of the plurality of measurement arms and the angle of spread between the measurement arms. The number of the measuring arms of the multi-arm caliper can be four arms, six arms or other arms. As shown in fig. 2, the embodiment of the present invention is described with a multi-arm caliper having six measuring arms, and when the multi-arm caliper is used to obtain the logging data at multiple depths of a wellbore, the borehole wall coordinates (x) using the center a of the multi-arm caliper as a reference point are obtained by recording the lengths measured by the measuring arms and the included angles a between the measuring armsi，yi) Where i ═ 6 and N are the number of arms of the measuring arms, in an embodiment of the present invention, the angle a between the measuring arms may be 60 °.
In S102, according to the well wall coordinates, obtaining well hole center coordinates and well hole radius of the deep part of the well hole by utilizing a least square method fitting evaluation function with constraint conditions; and the constraint condition is that the distance from the borehole wall coordinate to the borehole center coordinate is greater than or equal to the borehole radius.
In some embodiments of the invention, the least squares fit evaluation function is a two-norm sum of the difference between the square of the distance from the borehole wall coordinate to the borehole center coordinate and the square of the borehole radius.
For example, the borehole center coordinate is (x)0，y0) The borehole radius is r, the borehole wall coordinate (x)i， yi) To the borehole center coordinate (x)0，y0) Is equal to the sum of the two norms of the difference between the square of the distance of (a) and the square of the borehole radius r
That is, the least squares fitting evaluation function is
As another example, the constraint is the borehole wall coordinates (x)i，yi) To the borehole center coordinate (x)0， y0) Is greater than or equal to the borehole radius r, i.e. the constraint is (x)i-x0)2+(yi-y0)2≥r2。
In some embodiments of the invention, the step of fitting the borehole shape using a constrained least squares fit evaluation function to obtain the borehole center coordinates and the borehole radius at each borehole depth comprises: and under the constraint of the constraint condition, calculating the borehole center coordinate and the borehole radius when the least square method fitting evaluation function obtains a minimum value.
It should be noted that, because the constraint condition is that the distance from the borehole wall coordinate to the borehole center coordinate is greater than or equal to the borehole radius; the borehole center coordinate and the borehole radius are obtained by solving the least square fitting evaluation function under the constraint of the constraint condition, wherein the borehole center coordinate and the borehole radius are obtained when the least square fitting evaluation function is obtained to be minimum under the constraint of the constraint condition. Therefore, the borehole wall coordinates can be ensured to be located outside or on the circle of the circle obtained by fitting the evaluation function through the least square method, and the fitting method in the prior art does not have the constraint condition, so that the borehole wall coordinates are located inside the circle obtained by fitting the fitting method in the prior art, and the borehole diameter measurement has errors, so that the accurate borehole section shape cannot be measured, and the accurate borehole shape cannot be obtained.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the least square method with constraint conditions is used for fitting the evaluation function to obtain the borehole center coordinate and the borehole radius at the deep part of the borehole so as to obtain the real borehole section shape and obtain the accurate borehole shape, so that the errors of the borehole diameter and the borehole section shape measurement are reduced, and the reliability of the measurement results of the borehole diameter and the borehole section shape is improved.
In particular, under the constraint (x)i-x0)2+(yi-y0)2≥r2Under the constraint of (2) to satisfy
Borehole center coordinate (x) at minimum0， y0) And the borehole radius r is derived as follows:
first, the least squares fit evaluation function and the constraint are expressed as a matrix:
‖A·β-b‖2wherein A isijβj≤bi，(i＝1,2,…,6)
β＝[β1β2β3]T
β1＝2x0
β2＝2y0
The lagrange multiplier method is used to describe the above problem, given by:
wherein, lambda is Lagrange multiplier and is more than or equal to 0;
find βi，λiThe partial derivatives of (a) have:
since λ ≧ 0 and bi ≧ Aij β j, when
At time, only λi0 or Aijβj-bi0; for example, when λ1>When 0, then b is required1＝A1jβj，(x1,y1) And the circle is positioned on the circle obtained by fitting the evaluation function by the least square method. Therefore, when λiWhen > 0, (x)i，yi) And fitting the evaluation function on a circle obtained by the least square method.
In the above-mentioned
And
under the constraint of (a), a linear system of atatao · β λ ═ ATbb, where λ is the vector containing all non-zero λ,
and
is a subset of a and b.
Based on the circular nature, this problem can be further simplified, considering only the case where there are two non-zero λ's and three non-zero λ's. Since three points that are not on a straight line on a plane can uniquely determine a circle, when there are three non-zero λ's, a circle can be uniquely determined. When there are more than three non-zero λ, it corresponds to two possible cases: (1) there is no solution that meets the constraint; (2) solutions exist and a circle can be determined by any three of these.
In particular, when there are two λ's greater than zero, according to
Comprises the following steps:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
and
is to satisfy the constraint condition
Two points of (a).
When there are three non-zero λ's, then the constraint can be satisfied directly by β
Three points of
And
wherein, β has:
the above is the solution | A. β -b |2Under the constraint of Aijβj≤biThe process of the optimal solution under (i ═ 1,2, …,6) is also under the constraint condition (x)i-x0)2+(yi-y0)2≥r2Under the constraint of (2) to satisfy
Borehole center coordinate (x) at minimum0，y0) The specific calculation of the borehole radius r.
In S103, correcting the coordinates of the borehole wall by taking the coordinates of the borehole center as a reference point, and acquiring the shape of the section of the borehole deep in the borehole.
Specifically, the borehole wall coordinates are obtained by the multi-arm caliper in the same depth of the borehole in step S101, and are borehole wall coordinates with the center a of the multi-arm caliper as a reference point; since the multi-arm caliper center a may deviate from the borehole center coordinates, in step S102, the true borehole center coordinates and borehole radius at the depth of the wellbore have been obtained by fitting an evaluation function with a least squares method with constraints; therefore, in order to obtain a real borehole cross-sectional shape, the borehole wall coordinates need to be corrected to borehole wall coordinates with the borehole center coordinates as a reference point.
For example, as shown in fig. 3, a schematic diagram comparing the fitting results of the borehole cross-sectional shape obtained by fitting the borehole cross-sectional shape measuring method provided by the embodiment of the present invention with the borehole cross-sectional shape measuring method in the prior art is shown.
Specifically, the first column is 10 sets of borehole wall coordinates measured by a six-arm caliper with caliper centers a randomly distributed in a borehole of a given borehole cross-sectional shape, as indicated by "+" in the figure; the second column is a schematic diagram showing comparison between a fitting result of the cross-sectional shape of the borehole obtained by processing the borehole wall coordinates by using the borehole cross-sectional shape measuring method of the present invention according to the borehole wall coordinates and a real borehole cross-sectional shape, for example, "+" in the figure indicates the fitting result, wherein a continuous closed line indicates a given real borehole cross-sectional shape; the third column is a schematic diagram of comparison between a fitting result of the cross-sectional shape of the borehole obtained by processing the borehole wall coordinates according to the borehole wall coordinates by using the intersecting chord theorem and a real borehole cross-sectional shape, wherein a plus line in the diagram indicates the fitting result, and a continuous closed line indicates the given real borehole cross-sectional shape; and the fourth column is a schematic diagram of comparison between a fitting result of the cross-sectional shape of the borehole obtained by processing the borehole wall coordinates by means of ellipse fitting according to the borehole wall coordinates and the cross-sectional shape of a real borehole, wherein the "+" in the figure represents the fitting result, and a continuous closed line represents the given cross-sectional shape of the real borehole. It should be noted that, as can be seen from the continuous closed line in fig. 3, the first row to the third row in fig. 3 show the schematic comparison of the wellbore cross-sectional shape obtained by fitting the wellbore cross-sectional shape measurement method according to the present invention with the actual wellbore cross-sectional shape under different degrees of spalling, and the schematic comparison of the wellbore cross-sectional shape obtained by intersecting chord theorem and ellipse fitting in the prior art with the actual wellbore cross-sectional shape.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a comparison between the fitting result of the borehole cross-sectional shape obtained by fitting the borehole cross-sectional shape measurement method according to the embodiment of the present invention and the borehole cross-sectional shape measurement method according to the related art.
Specifically, the first column is 10 sets of borehole wall coordinates measured by a six-arm caliper with caliper centers a randomly distributed in a borehole of a given borehole cross-sectional shape, as indicated by "+" in the figure; the second column is a schematic diagram showing comparison between a fitting result of the cross-sectional shape of the borehole obtained by processing the borehole wall coordinates by using the borehole cross-sectional shape measuring method of the invention according to the borehole wall coordinates and the cross-sectional shape of the real borehole, for example, "+" in the figure indicates the fitting result, wherein continuous closed lines indicate the cross-sectional shape of the real borehole; the third column is a schematic diagram of comparison between a fitting result of the cross-sectional shape of the borehole obtained by processing the borehole wall coordinates according to the borehole wall coordinates by using the intersecting chord theorem and the cross-sectional shape of the real borehole, wherein the "+" in the figure represents the fitting result, and a continuous closed line represents the cross-sectional shape of the real borehole; and the fourth column is a schematic diagram of comparison between a fitting result of the cross section shape of the borehole obtained by processing the borehole wall coordinates by means of ellipse fitting according to the borehole wall coordinates and the cross section shape of the real borehole, wherein the "+" in the figure represents the fitting result, and continuous closed lines represent the cross section shape of the real borehole. It should be noted that, as can be seen from the continuous closed line in fig. 4, the first row to the second row in fig. 4 show the schematic comparison of the borehole cross-sectional shape obtained by fitting the borehole cross-sectional shape measurement method according to the present invention with the actual borehole cross-sectional shape under the keyway shapes of different sizes, and the schematic comparison of the borehole cross-sectional shape obtained by intersecting chord theorem and ellipse fitting according to the prior art with the actual borehole cross-sectional shape.
From the comparison results shown in fig. 3 and fig. 4, it can be seen that the borehole section shape measurement method of the present invention can still well fit the real position of each measurement arm sampling point when the borehole has a keyway or a crack, and does not have systematic deviation, and is superior to the intersecting chord theorem and ellipse fitting in the prior art in the application range, the stability of the measurement result and the reliability.
In particular, since the keyway is typically formed on only one side, and is largely due to friction while drilling; the fractures are usually caused by formation extrusion and the like, so the fractures are usually distributed symmetrically. The cross chord theorem of intersection and the borehole cross section shape measuring method of ellipse fitting in the prior art do not have the constraint condition, so that the borehole cross section shape measuring method in the prior art cannot effectively distinguish the conditions of crack and key slot, and particularly the condition of a large key slot is easily misjudged to be crack, so that the calculation of the borehole center and the borehole radius is wrong. By introducing the constraint condition, the invention ensures that the well wall coordinate is positioned outside or on the circle obtained by fitting the least square fitting evaluation function, thereby obtaining the real shape of the well bore section and further obtaining the real shape of the well bore, and avoiding the problem that the accurate shape of the well bore cannot be obtained when the well bore section has obvious irregularity due to key grooves, cracking and the like; various complex wellbore shapes can be effectively handled.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, when the wellbore shape is fitted by fitting the evaluation function with the least square method under the constraint condition, the obtained wellbore center coordinate and the wellbore radius are the optimal solution with the minimum total data error, so that the method for measuring the wellbore cross-section shape in the embodiment of the present invention has a suppression effect on errors of data measured by a small number of measurement arms of the multi-arm caliper, that is, is insensitive to errors of data measured by each measurement arm of the multi-arm caliper, and has a large data redundancy. Meanwhile, when the center of the caliper deviates from the center of the borehole, the center coordinates of the borehole and the radius of the borehole can still be accurately obtained.
For example, when a borehole has a crack or a key slot, the center of the caliper may deviate from the center of the borehole and fall into the crack or the key slot, a plurality of measuring arms of the multi-arm caliper may be clamped in the crack or the key slot, only a few measuring arms can effectively sample the original borehole wall, and the true borehole center and radius can be calculated by only two or more effective sampling data points on the original borehole wall, so that the caliper is insensitive to deviation of the caliper center from the borehole center, and when the caliper center deviates from the borehole center, the borehole center coordinate and the borehole radius can still be accurately obtained.
As shown in fig. 5, in some embodiments of the present invention, after the correcting the borehole wall coordinates by using the borehole center coordinates as a reference point to obtain the borehole section shape deep in the borehole, the method further includes: s104, acquiring the shape of the cross section of the borehole at the deep part of the adjacent shaft to form an analysis window of the cross section of the borehole; and analyzing the change of the cross-sectional shape of the well bore in the analysis window to obtain the shape of the well bore.
Specifically, first, the borehole center coordinates (x) acquired in step S102 are used0，y0) Correcting the borehole wall coordinates (x)i，yi) And acquiring the corrected well wall coordinates and acquiring the well wall section shape in the deep part of the well shaft. WhereinSaid borehole wall coordinate (x)i，yi) The method comprises the step of obtaining borehole wall coordinates (x) by measuring the multi-arm caliper in the step S101 by using the center A of the multi-arm caliper as a reference pointi，yi)。
Then, forming the shape of the borehole section at the depth of the adjacent borehole into an analysis window of the borehole section; the well bore section shapes at the depths of the adjacent well bores are based on the well bore section shapes measured at the depths of a certain well bore, and the well bore section shapes at the upper side and the lower side of the depths of the certain well bore form the analysis window. It should be noted that, in some embodiments of the present invention, the borehole diameter measurement is performed in the wellbore at a set interval distance, for example, the set interval may be 10cm, 20cm, etc., and the analysis window for forming the borehole section is based on the borehole section shape measured at a certain wellbore depth, and the analysis window is formed based on the borehole section shapes separated by 10cm, 20cm … at the upper and lower sides at the certain wellbore depth.
And then, analyzing the change of the cross-sectional shape of the well bore in the analysis window to obtain the shape of the well bore.
After the wellbore section shape is obtained, the change of the wellbore section shape in the analysis window is analyzed, and the wellbore section state deep in the wellbore is obtained, so that the overall shape of the wellbore is obtained.
For example, the wellbore section state includes whether the wellbore section is a complete wellbore section or whether there is a crack, a key slot and erosion, and the range, direction and depth of the crack, the position of the key slot, direction and depth of the key slot, range and degree of erosion, and area of the wellbore section are calculated, and the wellbore section state at the deep part of the wellbore is obtained, so as to obtain the overall shape of the wellbore.
Fig. 6 shows a schematic structural diagram of a wellbore cross-sectional shape measuring device 600 provided by an embodiment of the invention, which includes:
the acquiring module 601 is used for acquiring a plurality of logging data of the multi-arm caliper in the same well bore depth; the logging data comprise well wall coordinates with the center of the multi-arm caliper as a reference point;
the fitting module 602 is configured to obtain, according to the borehole wall coordinates, borehole center coordinates and a borehole radius at the deep portion of the borehole by fitting an evaluation function with a least square method under a constraint condition; the constraint condition is that the distance from the borehole wall coordinate to the borehole center coordinate is greater than or equal to the borehole radius;
and the correcting module 603 is configured to correct the borehole wall coordinates by using the borehole center coordinates as a reference point, and obtain a borehole section shape deep in the borehole.
Further, the least squares fitting evaluation function is a two-norm sum of the difference between the square of the distance from the borehole wall coordinate to the borehole center coordinate and the square of the borehole radius.
Still further, the fitting module is specifically configured to: and under the constraint of the constraint condition, calculating the borehole center coordinate and the borehole radius when the least square method fitting evaluation function obtains a minimum value.
Further, as shown in fig. 7, the schematic structural diagram of another wellbore cross-sectional shape measuring apparatus 600 provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes, in addition to the obtaining module 601, the fitting module 602 and the correcting module 603, an analyzing module 604 for obtaining a wellbore cross-sectional shape at a deep position of an adjacent wellbore, which constitutes an analysis window of the wellbore cross-section; and analyzing the change of the cross-sectional shape of the well bore in the analysis window to obtain the shape of the well bore.
It should be noted that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific operation process of the above-described measuring apparatus 600 for measuring the cross-sectional shape of the borehole may refer to the corresponding process of the method illustrated in fig. 1, and will not be described in detail herein.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a measurement terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 8, the measurement terminal 8 of this embodiment includes: a processor 80, a memory 81, and a computer program 82, such as a borehole cross-sectional shape measurement program, stored in the memory 81 and executable on the processor 80. The processor 80 executes the computer program 82 to implement the steps in each of the above-described embodiments of the borehole cross-sectional shape measurement method, such as the steps 101 to 103 shown in fig. 1, or the processor 80 executes the computer program 82 to implement the functions of each module/unit in each of the above-described embodiments of the apparatus, such as the functions of the modules 601 to 603 shown in fig. 6.
Illustratively, the computer program 82 may be partitioned into one or more modules/units that are stored in the memory 81 and executed by the processor 80 to implement the present invention. The one or more modules/units may be a series of computer program instruction segments capable of performing specific functions, which are used to describe the execution of the computer program 82 in the measurement terminal 8. The measuring terminal 8 may be a logging instrument, a cloud server, or other computing device. The terminal device for measuring the cross-sectional shape of the borehole may include, but is not limited to, a processor 80 and a memory 81. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that FIG. 8 is merely an example of a measurement terminal 8 and is not intended to limit the measurement terminal 8, and may include more or fewer components than shown, or some components in combination, or different components, for example, the wellbore cross-sectional shape measurement terminal device may also include input and output devices, network access devices, buses, etc.
The Processor 80 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), other general purpose Processor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other Programmable logic device, discrete Gate or transistor logic device, discrete hardware component, or the like. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.
The memory 81 may be an internal storage unit of the measurement terminal 8, such as a hard disk or a memory of the measurement terminal 8. The memory 81 may also be an external storage device of the measurement terminal 8, such as a plug-in hard disk, a Smart Media Card (SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) Card, a Flash memory Card (Flash Card), and the like, which are equipped on the measurement terminal 8. Further, the memory 81 may also include both an internal storage unit and an external storage device of the measurement terminal 8. The memory 81 is used to store the computer program and other programs and data required by the terminal device for the borehole cross-sectional shape measurement. The memory 81 may also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is to be output.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, only the above-mentioned division of the functional units and modules is illustrated, and in practical applications, the above-mentioned function distribution may be performed by different functional units and modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the apparatus is divided into different functional units or modules to perform all or part of the above-mentioned functions. Each functional unit and module in the embodiments may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated in one unit, and the integrated unit may be implemented in a form of hardware, or in a form of software functional unit. In addition, specific names of the functional units and modules are only for convenience of distinguishing from each other, and are not used for limiting the protection scope of the present application. The specific working processes of the units and modules in the system may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.
In the above embodiments, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have respective emphasis, and reference may be made to the related descriptions of other embodiments for parts that are not described or illustrated in a certain embodiment.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware or combinations of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
In the embodiments provided in the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus/terminal device and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described embodiments of the apparatus/terminal device are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the modules or units is only one logical division, and there may be other divisions when actually implemented, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, and can also be realized in a form of a software functional unit.
The integrated modules/units, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as separate products, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, all or part of the flow of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention may also be implemented by a computer program, which may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method embodiments may be implemented. . Wherein the computer program comprises computer program code, which may be in the form of source code, object code, an executable file or some intermediate form, etc. The computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording medium, usb disk, removable hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer Memory, Read-Only Memory (ROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), electrical carrier wave signals, telecommunications signals, software distribution medium, and the like. It should be noted that the computer readable medium may contain content that is subject to appropriate increase or decrease as required by legislation and patent practice in jurisdictions, for example, in some jurisdictions, computer readable media does not include electrical carrier signals and telecommunications signals as is required by legislation and patent practice.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not substantially depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method of wellbore cross-sectional shape measurement, comprising:
acquiring a plurality of logging data of a multi-arm caliper in the same shaft depth; the logging data comprise well wall coordinates with the center of the multi-arm caliper as a reference point;
according to the well wall coordinates, fitting an evaluation function by using a least square method with constraint conditions to obtain well hole center coordinates and well hole radius of the deep part of the well shaft; the constraint condition is that the distance from the borehole wall coordinate to the borehole center coordinate is greater than or equal to the borehole radius; the least square fitting evaluation function is a two-norm sum of the difference between the square of the distance from the borehole wall coordinate to the borehole center coordinate and the square of the borehole radius;
and correcting the coordinates of the well wall by taking the coordinates of the center of the well hole as a reference point, and acquiring the shape of the cross section of the well hole in the deep part of the well shaft.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the obtaining the borehole center coordinates and the borehole radius at the depth of the borehole using a constrained least squares fit evaluation function comprises:
and under the constraint of the constraint condition, calculating the borehole center coordinate and the borehole radius when the least square method fitting evaluation function obtains a minimum value.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein after correcting the borehole wall coordinates using the borehole center coordinates as a reference point to obtain a borehole cross-sectional shape at the depth of the borehole, further comprising:
acquiring the shape of the cross section of the borehole at the deep part of the adjacent shaft to form an analysis window of the cross section of the borehole;
and analyzing the change of the cross-sectional shape of the borehole in the analysis window to obtain the shape of the borehole.
4. A wellbore cross-sectional shape measuring device, comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring a plurality of logging data of the multi-arm caliper in the same well bore depth; the logging data comprise well wall coordinates with the center of the multi-arm caliper as a reference point;
the fitting module is used for fitting an evaluation function by using a least square method with constraint conditions according to the well wall coordinates to obtain well hole center coordinates and well hole radius of the deep part of the well shaft; the constraint condition is that the distance from the borehole wall coordinate to the borehole center coordinate is greater than or equal to the borehole radius; the least square fitting evaluation function is a two-norm sum of the difference between the square of the distance from the borehole wall coordinate to the borehole center coordinate and the square of the borehole radius;
and the correction module is used for correcting the well wall coordinates by taking the well hole center coordinates as a reference point to obtain the well hole section shape in the deep part of the well hole.
5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the fitting module is specifically configured to:
and under the constraint of the constraint condition, calculating the borehole center coordinate and the borehole radius when the least square method fitting evaluation function obtains a minimum value.
6. The apparatus of claim 4, further comprising:
the analysis module is used for acquiring the shape of the cross section of the borehole at the deep part of the adjacent shaft to form an analysis window of the cross section of the borehole; and analyzing the change of the cross-sectional shape of the well bore in the analysis window to obtain the shape of the well bore.
7. A measurement terminal comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor realizes the steps of the method according to any of claims 1-3 when executing the computer program.
8. A computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1-3.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710855148.7A CN107780926B (en) | 2017-09-20 | 2017-09-20 | Borehole section shape measuring method, device and terminal |
| PCT/CN2017/111874 WO2019056536A1 (en) | 2017-09-20 | 2017-11-20 | Wellbore cross section shape measurement method, device and terminal |
| US15/970,490 US20190085684A1 (en) | 2017-09-20 | 2018-05-03 | Method, device and terminal for determining borehole cross-sectional shape |
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| CN201710855148.7A CN107780926B (en) | 2017-09-20 | 2017-09-20 | Borehole section shape measuring method, device and terminal |
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| WO2021179092A1 (en) | 2020-03-13 | 2021-09-16 | Geonomic Technologies Inc. | Method and apparatus for measuring a wellbore |
| CN112902919B (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2023-04-07 | 天津视通智能科技有限公司 | Method, device, equipment and storage medium for measuring pipe trench section data |
| CN113310521A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-08-27 | 长安大学 | Dynamic measurement device for shaft of rescue well with rescue lifting cabin as carrier |
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| CN107780926A (en) | 2018-03-09 |
| WO2019056536A1 (en) | 2019-03-28 |
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