CN107779526B

CN107779526B - Production method of seat leather special for high-speed train

Info

Publication number: CN107779526B
Application number: CN201711030738.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 祝妙凤; 赵佳; 宋保国; 唐志海; 俞海明; 朱立群; 李江东; 俞瑾琦
Original assignee: Haining Sende Leather Co ltd
Current assignee: Haining Sende Leather Co ltd
Priority date: 2017-10-28
Filing date: 2017-10-28
Publication date: 2020-06-23
Anticipated expiration: 2037-10-28
Also published as: CN107779526A

Abstract

The invention relates to a production method of seat leather special for a high-speed rail train, which comprises the steps of fleshing, liming, deliming, softening, tanning, shaving, retanning, dyeing, fatliquoring, drying, milling, coating and the like. The invention adopts a special deliming softening step, fully degreases, delizes and moderately softens to remove the fibrous interstitium, increases the reaction of lipase and removes the influence of odor and organic matters of a genuine leather product caused by the original leather. The retanning dyeing fatliquoring process not only screens and adopts chemical materials with low organic emission, but also ensures that the fatliquoring is uniform and completely absorbed through reasonable selection and matching of the fatliquoring agent, thereby achieving the purpose of softening and moistening the leather body for a long time and effectively improving the related physical properties of the finished leather. The special drying mode lays a foundation for increasing the setting property and proper extensibility and elasticity of the product, and meanwhile, because the drying temperature is low, the moisture is slowly dissipated, the leather is favorable for keeping better hand feeling and elasticity, and meanwhile, the leather body of the leather is compact, the toughness is sufficient, and the resilience is good.

Description

Production method of seat leather special for high-speed train

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of new materials, and particularly relates to a production method of seat leather special for a high-speed train.

Background

Currently, seat interior decoration of high-speed railway trains is increasingly applied, a leather seat is a basic preparation of VIP compartments, people enjoy natural comfort brought by leather, and simultaneously have higher requirements on the beauty, wear resistance and durability, bending durability, leather odor, organic emission (harmful substance content) and the like of the leather seat, and the product characteristics are determined by special processes and formulas in the manufacturing process. The leather production special for the high-speed rail seat is usually prepared by the procedures of fleshing, liming, deliming, softening, tanning, retanning, dyeing, fatliquoring, drying, milling, priming coating, embossing, top coating and the like of salt-dipped raw cowhide, and the production process needs to solve the following key problems:

1. to achieve a pleasing and conformable coating, the product must have moderate extensibility and softness;

2. as a high-speed rail seat used by the public, the high-speed rail seat is often lack of maintenance during use, so that the high-speed rail seat needs a particularly strong wear-resisting property, and meanwhile, because the high-speed rail seat is high in use frequency and is inevitably subjected to continuous pulling and bending during use, the high-speed rail seat needs a better kneading-resisting property;

3. the genuine leather product has obvious genuine leather smell and organic substance emission due to the influence of natural factors, air circulation in the vehicle is not good, and users are mostly not familiar with the genuine leather smell, so that in order to make passers really enjoy luxury feeling and comfortable feeling of genuine leather seats, the special smell and the emission amount of the genuine leather product need to be reduced, and the ecological safety of high-grade products is embodied.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of developing a production method of a high-performance leather product with strong safety, which is a special interior leather for high-speed rails, has low odor, low organic matter emission, wear resistance, kneading resistance, good softness and setting property.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows: a production process of seat leather special for a high-speed rail train comprises the steps of fleshing, liming, deliming, softening, tanning, shaving, retanning, dyeing, fatliquoring, drying, milling, priming coating, middle coating, embossing, top coating and the like, and is characterized in that:

the deashing softening step sequentially comprises the following steps: adding 150 parts of water by mass of the skin, controlling the temperature to be 32 ℃, adding 0.2 part of degreasing agent and 0.4 part of sodium bisulfite, controlling the water to be dry after the reaction time is 60 minutes, adding 90 parts of water, controlling the temperature to be 30 ℃, adding 2.5 parts of ammonia-free deliming agent and 0.3 part of degreasing agent, and keeping the deliming and degreasing reaction time for 90 minutes. Adding 0.5 part of softening enzyme, controlling the pH value to be 9.0, adding 0.4 part of lipase after the reaction time is 100 minutes, reacting for 30 minutes, fully softening and removing the fibrous interstitium, and simultaneously fully decomposing and removing the original fat in the leather under the action of the enzyme so as to reduce the smell and organic matters of the leather product. Controlling water and washing for 2 times after the de-ashing softening meets the requirement, wherein the water quantity is 250 parts, and the water temperature is controlled to be about 25 ℃.

The retanning dyeing fatliquoring step comprises the following steps: putting the well-cut blue or white leather into a rotary drum for rewetting, adding 200 parts OF water at 40 ℃ by taking the blue or white leather as 100 parts by mass, rewetting and washing for 10 minutes, draining, then adding 180 parts OF water at 40 ℃, adding 1 part OF sodium formate and 2 parts OF sodium bicarbonate, reacting for 50 minutes, then adding 2 parts OF low-emission compound fatting agent K800, controlling the pH value to be about 6.2, reacting for 1 hour, draining, adding 150 parts OF water at 40 ℃ for washing for 15 minutes, draining, then adding 150 parts OF water at 35 ℃ and 3 parts OF polymer Soft HF, reacting for 30 minutes, then adding 5 parts OF retanning agent BasynUR without aldehyde and phenol, 5 parts OF Mimotan wattle bark tannin extract, 2 parts OF Tara plant tannin extract, 1.5 parts OF dispersing agent, 2.5 parts OF dye dispersing leveling agent, 5 parts OF dye Dyestuff, rotationally dyeing for 60 minutes by the mechanical action OF the rotary drum, adding 1 part OF flame retardant, filling and absorbing for 30 minutes, then adding 150 parts OF hot water at 45 ℃, adding 4 parts of Lipsol EWK fatliquor, 4 parts of ultra-low emission Liquor A1 fatliquor and 0.5 part of EF surface grease, and reacting for 60 minutes. Adding 2.5 parts of formic acid into the rotary drum for three times, adding for the second time after 10 minutes of the first time, adding for the third time after 10 minutes, reacting for 20 minutes after the addition is finished, draining; washing with 200 parts of 45 ℃ water for 10 minutes, draining, adding 200 parts of 40 ℃ water, 1 part of aldehyde decomposition enzyme RN and 2 parts of odor regulator ML, utilizing the mechanical action of the rotation of the rotary drum to enhance the absorption and remove the heavy leather smell of the genuine leather for 45 minutes, adding 1 part of formic acid into the rotary drum, evenly adding the formic acid for three times at intervals of 10 minutes, reacting for 30 minutes after the formic acid is added for the last time, adjusting and keeping the pH value to be 3.5-3.7, and taking out of the drum;

the drying step is as follows: vacuum drying, low-temperature hanging and drying and vacuum drying, wherein the vacuum drying temperature is 52 ℃, the drying time is 120S, the low-temperature hanging and drying temperature is 35-38 ℃, the drying time is about 3 hours, the vacuum drying time is 55 ℃, the drying time is 100S, and finally, when the water content in the dermis is controlled to be 12-14%, the dermis enters a step of milling, and the control target is according to the required softness;

the coating step sequentially comprises a base coating, a middle coating, an embossing and a top coating, and respectively adopts a bottom coating, a middle coating and a top coating, wherein the bottom coating comprises the following components in parts by mass: 150 parts of water-based pigment paste, 50 parts of covering filler FCG, 50 parts of water, 30 parts of covering agent LT, 40 parts of bottom-layer adhesive, 20 parts of flatting agent DM, 8 parts of softener GROUND BG, 120 parts of medium-soft polyurethane resin SUSI TF and SB-30070 parts of acrylic resin; the intermediate coating comprises the following components in parts by mass: 150 parts of water-based pigment paste, 200 parts of water, 130 parts of covering filler FCG, 100 parts of medium-soft polyurethane resin PR, 120 parts of embossing-assisting resin PE, 50 parts of flatting agent EC, 120 parts of medium-soft polyurethane resin PR, 125 parts of medium-hard polyurethane resin MELIO 03-F and 20 parts of hand feeling agent WN; the embossing, namely, under the selected embossing roller, the temperature is controlled to be 110-; the top layer coating comprises the following components in parts by mass: 20 parts of water-based pigment paste, 150 parts of water, 150 parts of medium-soft polyurethane resin PR30 parts of medium-hard polyurethane resin MELIO 03-F150 parts, 180 parts of delustering resin LV, 220 parts of delustering resin HS, 120 parts of delustering finishing agent DM, 50 parts of physical property auxiliary agent SR50 parts, WN60 parts of hand feeling agent and 80 parts of crosslinking agent IW-80A.

The invention adopts a special deliming softening step, increases the reaction of lipase while fully degreasing, deliming and moderately softening to remove the cellularity, and fully decomposes and removes the uncleaned fat in the leather through the specific action of the lipase, thereby relieving the influence of odor and organic matters of the leather product caused by the original leather. The retanning dyeing fatliquoring process adopts a plurality of chemical materials with low organic emission, and the fatliquoring agent is reasonably selected and matched to ensure that the fatliquoring is uniform and completely absorbed, so that the leather body is soft and moist for a long time, the related physical properties of the finished leather, such as light resistance, heat resistance, flame retardance, washing resistance and physical strength, are effectively improved, especially, an odor regulator is selected for reducing the odor of the leather, the odor which is not popular is controlled and regulated into the generally acceptable or popular odor, the use of aldehyde decomposition enzyme quickly decomposes the free low molecular organic matters in the leather (completed in one week), the free organic emission substances in the leather are basically eliminated in front of the leather bag seat, and the quality of the air in a train compartment is not influenced. The special drying mode comprises vacuum drying, low-temperature hanging and airing and vacuum drying, lays a foundation for increasing the setting property and proper extensibility and elasticity of products, avoids the loss of grease or other retanning substances caused by high-temperature quick drying, effectively retains retanning fatliquoring fillers in the leather, and is beneficial to retaining better hand feeling and elasticity of the leather due to the slow dissipation of moisture because of low drying temperature, and meanwhile, the leather body is compact, high in toughness and good in resilience.

The wear resistance and the rubbing resistance of the coating are directly related to factors such as the penetration bonding fastness of the coating and a leather blank layer, the film forming property of the coating, the crosslinking degree of resin molecules and the like, the better the permeability between a bottom coating and the coating, the higher the crosslinking degree, the better the film forming property of the coating, the smoother the top coating, the more perfect the network structure between molecular chains, the better the wear resistance, the rubbing resistance and the durability, and the higher the comfort. According to the invention, the proportion of each layer of coating is optimized, so that the permeability and the film forming property of the coating are improved, the crosslinking degree is increased, the inter-molecular chain extensibility is enhanced, and the practical performances of the coating, such as friction color fastness, wear resistance and the like, are effectively improved on the premise of ensuring the flexibility; particularly, materials which do not contain organic solvents, harmful substances, ultralow organic matter emission and low odor are used in the screening of coating materials, so that the leather has good ecological characteristics, low VOC and low odor.

Table 1 main technical index test results of seat leather for high-speed train

Claims

1. A production method of seat leather special for a high-speed rail train comprises the steps of fleshing, liming, deliming, softening, tanning, shaving, retanning, dyeing, fatliquoring, drying, milling, priming coating, middle coating, embossing and top coating, and is characterized in that: the steps of deashing and softening are as follows in sequence: adding 150 parts of water by mass of the leather 100 parts, controlling the temperature to be 32 ℃, adding 0.2 part of degreasing agent and 0.4 part of sodium bisulfite, controlling the water to be dry after the reaction time is 60 minutes, adding 90 parts of water, controlling the temperature to be 30 ℃, adding 2.5 parts of ammonia-free deliming agent and 0.3 part of degreasing agent, keeping the deliming and degreasing reaction time for 90 minutes, adding 0.5 part of softening enzyme, controlling the pH value to be 9.0, adding 0.4 part of lipase after the reaction time is 100 minutes, reacting for 30 minutes, fully softening and removing the fiber matrix, and simultaneously fully decomposing and removing the original fat in the leather again through the action of the enzyme so as to reduce the smell and organic matters of the leather product, controlling the water and washing for 2 times after the deliming and softening meet the requirements, wherein the water quantity is 250 parts, and the water temperature is controlled to be 25 ℃; the steps of retanning, dyeing and fatliquoring are as follows: putting the well-cut blue or white leather into a rotary drum for rewetting, adding 200 parts OF water at 40 ℃ by taking the blue or white leather as 100 parts by mass, rewetting and washing for 10 minutes, draining, then adding 180 parts OF water at 40 ℃, adding 1 part OF sodium formate and 2 parts OF sodium bicarbonate, reacting for 50 minutes, then adding 2 parts OF low-emission compound fatting agent K800, controlling the pH value at 6.2, reacting for 1 hour, draining, adding 150 parts OF water at 40 ℃ for washing for 15 minutes, draining, then adding 150 parts OF water at 35 ℃ and 3 parts OF polymer Soft HF, reacting for 30 minutes, then adding 5 parts OF retanning agent BasynUR without aldehyde and phenol, 5 parts OF Mimosa wattle bark extract, 2 parts OF Tara plant extract, 1.5 parts OF dispersing agent, 2.5 parts OF dye dispersion leveling agent, 5 parts OF dye Dyestuff, rotationally dyeing for 60 minutes by the mechanical action OF the rotary drum, adding 1 part OF flame retardant, filling and absorbing for 30 minutes, then adding 150 parts OF hot water at 45 ℃, adding 4 parts of Lipsol EWK fatting agent and 4 parts of ultralow-emission Liquor A1 fatting agent, 0.5 part of EF surface grease, reacting for 60 minutes, adding 2.5 parts of formic acid into the rotary drum for three times, adding for 10 minutes after the first addition, adding for the third time after 10 minutes, reacting for 20 minutes after the addition, draining; washing with 200 parts of 45 ℃ water for 10 minutes, draining, adding 200 parts of 40 ℃ water, 1 part of aldehyde decomposition enzyme RN and 2 parts of odor regulator ML, utilizing the mechanical action of the rotation of the rotary drum to enhance the absorption and remove the heavy leather smell of the genuine leather for 45 minutes, adding 1 part of formic acid into the rotary drum, evenly adding the formic acid for three times at intervals of 10 minutes, reacting for 30 minutes after the formic acid is added for the last time, adjusting and keeping the pH value to be 3.5-3.7, and taking out of the drum; the drying step is as follows: vacuum drying, low-temperature hanging and drying and vacuum drying, wherein the vacuum drying temperature is 52 ℃, the drying time is 120S, the low-temperature hanging and drying temperature is 35-38 ℃, the drying time is 3 hours, the vacuum drying temperature is 55 ℃, the drying time is 100S, and finally, when the moisture content in the dermis is controlled to be 12-14%, the dermis enters a step of milling, and the control target is according to the required softness; the coating step sequentially comprises a bottom coating, a middle coating, an embossing and a top coating, wherein a bottom coating, a middle coating and a top coating are respectively adopted, and the bottom coating comprises the following components in parts by mass: 150 parts of water-based pigment paste, 50 parts of covering filler FCG, 50 parts of water, 30 parts of covering agent LT, 40 parts of bottom-layer adhesive, 20 parts of flatting agent DM, 8 parts of softener GROUND BG, 120 parts of medium-soft polyurethane resin SUSI TF and SB-30070 parts of acrylic resin; the intermediate coating comprises the following components in parts by mass: 150 parts of water-based pigment paste, 200 parts of water, 130 parts of covering filler FCG, 120 parts of embossing-assisting resin PE, 50 parts of flatting agent EC, 220 parts of medium-soft polyurethane resin PR, 125 parts of medium-hard polyurethane resin MELIO 03-F and 20 parts of hand feeling agent WN; the embossing, namely, under the selected embossing roller, the temperature is controlled to be 110-; the top layer coating comprises the following components in parts by mass: 20 parts of water-based pigment paste, 150 parts of water, 150 parts of medium-soft polyurethane resin PR30 parts of medium-hard polyurethane resin MELIO 03-F150 parts, 180 parts of delustering resin LV, 220 parts of delustering resin HS, 120 parts of delustering finishing agent DM, 50 parts of physical property auxiliary agent SR50 parts, WN60 parts of hand feeling agent and 80 parts of crosslinking agent IW-80A.