CN107766122B - Method and device for setting available memory space of host machine - Google Patents
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- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/44—Arrangements for executing specific programs
- G06F9/455—Emulation; Interpretation; Software simulation, e.g. virtualisation or emulation of application or operating system execution engines
- G06F9/45533—Hypervisors; Virtual machine monitors
- G06F9/45545—Guest-host, i.e. hypervisor is an application program itself, e.g. VirtualBox
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- G06F9/455—Emulation; Interpretation; Software simulation, e.g. virtualisation or emulation of application or operating system execution engines
- G06F9/45533—Hypervisors; Virtual machine monitors
- G06F9/45558—Hypervisor-specific management and integration aspects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
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- G06F9/5005—Allocation of resources, e.g. of the central processing unit [CPU] to service a request
- G06F9/5011—Allocation of resources, e.g. of the central processing unit [CPU] to service a request the resources being hardware resources other than CPUs, Servers and Terminals
- G06F9/5016—Allocation of resources, e.g. of the central processing unit [CPU] to service a request the resources being hardware resources other than CPUs, Servers and Terminals the resource being the memory
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- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/44—Arrangements for executing specific programs
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- G06F9/45533—Hypervisors; Virtual machine monitors
- G06F9/45558—Hypervisor-specific management and integration aspects
- G06F2009/45562—Creating, deleting, cloning virtual machine instances
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- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/44—Arrangements for executing specific programs
- G06F9/455—Emulation; Interpretation; Software simulation, e.g. virtualisation or emulation of application or operating system execution engines
- G06F9/45533—Hypervisors; Virtual machine monitors
- G06F9/45558—Hypervisor-specific management and integration aspects
- G06F2009/45583—Memory management, e.g. access or allocation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for setting available memory space of a host machine, wherein the method comprises the following steps: setting the available memory space of the host machine to be a physical memory space of the host machine and a switching area space of a hard disk of the host machine by setting kernel parameters of an operating system of the host machine, so that the available memory space of the host machine is larger, and more available memory spaces of virtual machines can be distributed; setting a switching area space of a hard disk of a host machine aiming at a memory space required by creating a virtual machine according to the host memory virtualization degree; setting the maximum memory space available for the virtual machine in the memory configuration file of the virtual machine according to the available memory space of the host machine so as to ensure that the virtual machine is successfully newly built on the host machine; and detecting the hot added memory when the virtual machine is operated, and adding the physical memory space of the detected hot added memory to the available memory space of the host machine to avoid memory overflow.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to information technology, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for setting an available memory space of a host.
Background
The memory is an important resource in an operating system, and the memory management is to allocate and release the memory. In virtualized applications, memory resources are the most valuable resources. Compared with the management of computing resources and hard disk storage resources of a Host (Host), the management of memory resources of a Virtual Machine (Virtual Machine) is more complex, before the Virtual Machine is created, a memory specification (the maximum memory which can be allocated to the Virtual Machine) is determined, each newly-created Virtual Machine corresponds to one QEMU simulation processor process in a Linux system installed on the Host, in the Linux system of the Host, each QEMU simulation processor process has a group of resource limitations, and the management of the memory allocation of the Virtual Machine mainly controls the allocation of the memory by adjusting kernel parameters of the Linux system installed on the Host. Because the memory resources of each host are limited, the number of virtual machines that can run on a host is also limited. How to determine the number of virtual machines which can be operated according to the memory size of a host machine relates to the problem of host machine memory resource management. In the aspect of memory resource management, the Windows system and the Linux system are greatly different: for a host machine with a Windows system, the configured memory size is the actual memory of the current system, and when a virtual machine runs on the host machine with the Windows system, the available memory of the host machine can directly reduce the corresponding memory value configured for the virtual machine. For a host machine with a Linux system, the configured memory space is a memory which can be reached by the Linux system, but actually, the occupied memory space is much smaller, and after the Linux system virtual machine is created, the memory of the host machine cannot be obviously reduced. When the virtual machines are established and started in batch, the Linux system virtual machines can be established more than the Windows system virtual machines under the condition of the same virtual machine configuration.
The Linux system kernel already supports memory hot plug, and when a Linux system runs in a physical environment or a virtual environment, as long as the host machine can provide a memory hot plug mechanism, the Linux kernel can correspondingly increase or decrease the memory. If the virtual machine starts the memory hot plug function, the host machine memory resource management is more complicated. When allocating the memory resources, not only the size of the currently configured memory resources but also the size of the memory resources available to the host and the maximum memory that can be achieved by the virtual machine through hot addition are considered. Under such conditions, a memory overflow may result when the maximum memory used by the virtual machine exceeds the host's available memory space.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a method and an apparatus for setting an available memory space of a host, which can adjust a memory space allocated to a virtual machine so that the memory space does not exceed the available memory space of the host.
In order to achieve the object of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for setting an available memory space of a host, where the method includes:
setting an available memory space of a host machine as a physical memory space of the host machine and a switching area space of a hard disk of the host machine by setting kernel parameters of an operating system of the host machine;
setting the exchange area space of the hard disk of the host according to the host memory virtualization degree; the host memory virtualization degree is the ratio of the exchange area space of the hard disk of the host to the physical memory space of the host;
setting the maximum memory space available for the virtual machine in the memory configuration file of the virtual machine according to the available memory space of the host machine so as to ensure that the virtual machine is successfully newly built on the host machine; the virtual machine memory configuration file is used for configuring the maximum memory space available for the virtual machine;
detecting the hot added memory while running the virtual machine, and adding the physical memory space of the detected hot added memory to the available memory space of the host.
The embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that: the available memory space of the host machine is set to be the physical memory space of the host machine and the exchange area space of the hard disk of the host machine, so that the available memory space of the host machine is larger, and more available memory spaces of the virtual machines can be distributed; in addition, by setting the host memory virtualization degree, the swap area space of the hard disk can be set for the memory space required by the virtual machine; and when the hot added memory is detected, adding the physical memory space of the hot added memory to the available memory space of the host machine to avoid memory overflow.
Further, in an optional embodiment, after the step of adding the physical memory space of the hot added memory to the available memory space of the host, the method further comprises:
resetting the exchange area space of the hard disk of the host according to the host memory virtualization degree; and resetting the maximum memory space available for the virtual machine in the memory configuration file of the virtual machine according to the available memory space of the host machine.
Further, in an optional embodiment, the method further comprises:
and when the virtual machine is operated, setting the virtualization degree of the host memory according to the memory occupation condition of the virtual machine.
Further, in an optional embodiment, the host includes a first number of hosts deployed in a cluster, the physical memory space of the host includes all the physical memory spaces of the first number of hosts deployed in the cluster, the swap area space of the hard disks of the host includes swap area spaces of all the hard disks of the first number of hosts deployed in the cluster, and the maximum memory space available for the virtual machine includes a sum of maximum memory spaces available for all the virtual machines on the first number of hosts deployed in the cluster.
In order to achieve the object of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an apparatus for setting an available memory space of a host, including:
the kernel parameter setting module is set to: setting an available memory space of a host machine as a physical memory space of the host machine and a switching area space of a hard disk of the host machine by setting kernel parameters of an operating system of the host machine;
the switching zone space setting module is set to: setting the exchange area space of the hard disk of the host according to the host memory virtualization degree; the host memory virtualization degree is the ratio of the exchange area space of the hard disk of the host to the physical memory space of the host;
the virtual machine memory space setting module is set as follows: setting the maximum memory space available for the virtual machine in the memory configuration file of the virtual machine according to the available memory space of the host machine so as to ensure that the virtual machine is successfully newly built on the host machine; the virtual machine memory configuration file is used for configuring the maximum memory space available for the virtual machine;
a hot add memory module configured to: detecting the hot added memory while running the virtual machine, and adding the physical memory space of the detected hot added memory to the available memory space of the host.
The embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that: the available memory space of the host machine is set to be the physical memory space of the host machine and the exchange area space of the hard disk of the host machine, so that the available memory space of the host machine is larger, and more available memory spaces of the virtual machines can be distributed; in addition, by setting the host memory virtualization degree, the swap area space of the hard disk can be set for the memory space required by the virtual machine; and when the hot added memory is detected, adding the physical memory space of the hot added memory to the available memory space of the host machine to avoid memory overflow.
Further, in an optional embodiment, the apparatus for setting an available memory space of a host further includes a memory space resetting module, where the memory space resetting module is configured to: after the hot adding memory module adds the detected physical memory space of the hot adding memory to the available memory space of the host machine, the memory space resetting module resets the switching area space of the hard disk of the host machine according to the host machine memory virtualization degree, and resets the maximum memory space available to the virtual machine in the virtual machine memory configuration file according to the available memory space of the host machine.
Further, in an optional embodiment, the apparatus for setting an available memory space of a host further includes a virtualization degree setting module, where the virtualization degree setting module is configured to: and when the virtual machine is operated, setting the virtualization degree of the host memory according to the memory occupation condition of the virtual machine.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the example serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention.
Fig. 1 illustrates a method for setting an available memory space of a host according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating an apparatus for setting an available memory space of a host according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict.
The steps illustrated in the flow charts of the figures may be performed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions. Also, while a logical order is shown in the flow diagrams, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be performed in an order different than here.
In one aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for setting an available memory space of a host, as shown in fig. 1, the method includes steps S101 to S113.
Step S101, setting the available memory space of the host machine to be a physical memory space of the host machine and a swap area space of a hard disk of the host machine by setting kernel parameters of an operating system of the host machine.
It should be noted that, a HOST (HOST) is relative to a Virtual Machine running on an operating system of the HOST, the operating system of the HOST is a Linux system, QEMU is used to create the Virtual Machine, libvirt Virtual operating system simulator is used to call a KVM (Kernel-based Virtual Machine) virtualization interface to manage the Virtual Machine, and Kernel parameters of the operating system to be set are over _ memory and over _ ratio; the physical memory space of the host is a physical random access memory of the host, the exchange area space of a hard disk of the host is also called a Swap partition, the Swap partition is a hard disk partition independently occupied by a Linux system, and can conveniently store a part of contents (programs, data and the like) in the Swap partition under the condition of insufficient memory requirement, and continuously execute and store the contents in the Swap partition under the condition of spare physical memory of the host. After setting the kernel parameters of the operating system, the available memory space of the host is not limited to the physical memory space of the host, but also includes the swap area space of the hard disk of the host.
Step S105, setting the exchange area space of the hard disk of the host according to the host memory virtualization degree; the host memory virtualization degree is the ratio of the swap area space of the hard disk of the host to the physical memory space of the host.
The host memory virtualization degree is a parameter specifically defined for setting an exchange area space of a hard disk, and is a ratio of the exchange area space of the hard disk of a host to a physical memory space of the host, that is, the exchange area space of the hard disk can be determined according to the physical memory space of the host and the host memory virtualization degree, the exchange area space of the hard disk is equivalent to a virtual memory of the host and is mapped to an address space of the physical memory of the host, and the mapped address space cannot exceed the available physical memory of the host. The host memory virtualization degree may be automatically set according to a preset program or may be from outside the host, for example, the host memory virtualization degree is set by a user through a virtualization product management interface of an existing Linux operating system of the host.
Step S109, according to the available memory space of the host machine, setting the maximum memory space available for the virtual machine in the memory configuration file of the virtual machine, so as to ensure that the virtual machine is successfully newly built on the host machine; the virtual machine memory configuration file is used for configuring the maximum memory space available for the virtual machine.
Here, the virtual machine memory configuration file may be a file in xml (Extensible Markup Language) format; optionally, this virtual machine memory configuration file may be used not only to set the maximum memory space available to the virtual machine, but also to set various aspects required to create the virtual machine and to run the virtual machine. By setting the maximum memory space available to the virtual machine, the maximum memory space available to the virtual machine can be limited to the available memory space of the host, and in this way, it is ensured that the virtual machine can be successfully newly built on the host.
Step S113, when the virtual machine is running, detecting the hot added memory, and adding the physical memory space of the detected hot added memory to the available memory space of the host.
Once the virtual machine is established on the host machine, when the virtual machine is operated, detecting whether the physical memory is hot-added on the host machine in real time (that is, the physical memory can be added without closing and restarting the host machine), and once the physical memory is detected to be hot-added, adding the hot-added physical memory space to the available memory space of the host machine, at this time, the available memory space of the host machine is increased, because the memory spaces used when the virtual machine is established and operated are different, the memory space used when the virtual machine is operated is possibly obviously larger than the memory space used when the virtual machine is established, therefore, when the available memory space of the host machine is increased by optionally hot-adding the physical memory, the maximum memory space available for the virtual machine is set again in the memory configuration file of the virtual machine, thereby improving the operating efficiency of the virtual machine.
The embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that: the available memory space of the host machine is set to be the physical memory space of the host machine and the exchange area space of the hard disk of the host machine, so that the available memory space of the host machine is larger, and more available memory spaces of the virtual machines can be distributed; in addition, by setting the host memory virtualization degree, the swap area space of the hard disk can be set for the memory space required by the virtual machine; and when the hot added memory is detected, adding the physical memory space of the hot added memory to the available memory space of the host machine to avoid memory overflow.
Because the memory spaces used by the virtual machines during the establishment and the operation are different, and the memory space used by the virtual machines during the operation is possibly obviously larger than the memory space used by the virtual machines during the establishment, when the physical memory is added to increase the available memory space of the host machine, the maximum memory space available to the virtual machines can be set again in the memory configuration file of the virtual machines, so that the available memory space of the virtual machines is enlarged, and the operation efficiency of the virtual machines is improved.
Further, in an optional embodiment, after step S113, the method for setting the available memory space of the host may further include:
resetting the exchange area space of the hard disk of the host according to the host memory virtualization degree; and resetting the maximum memory space available for the virtual machine in the memory configuration file of the virtual machine according to the available memory space of the host machine.
After the memory is added in a hot mode, the available memory space of the host machine is increased due to the increase of the physical memory of the host machine, at this time, the exchange area space of the hard disk of the host machine can be reset according to the existing host machine memory virtualization degree, so that the exchange area space of the hard disk of the host machine is increased, the available memory space of the host machine is further increased, and at this time, the maximum memory space available for the virtual machine can be reset in the virtual machine memory configuration file, so that the maximum memory space available for the virtual machine is increased.
Further, in an optional embodiment, the method for setting the available memory space of the host further includes:
and when the virtual machine is operated, setting the virtualization degree of the host memory according to the memory occupation condition of the virtual machine.
The host memory virtualization degree may be automatically set according to a preset program or may be from outside the host, for example, the host memory virtualization degree is set by a user through a virtualization product management interface of an existing Linux operating system of the host. Therefore, the swap area space of the hard disk is adjusted by setting the virtualization degree of the host memory according to the running condition of the virtual machine (for example, the memory used by the virtual machine) and the available memory space of the host, so that the available memory space of the host is changed.
Further, in an optional embodiment, the host includes a first number of hosts deployed in a cluster, the physical memory space of the host includes all the physical memory spaces of the first number of hosts deployed in the cluster, the swap area space of the hard disks of the host includes swap area spaces of all the hard disks of the first number of hosts deployed in the cluster, and the maximum memory space available to the virtual machine includes a sum of maximum memory spaces available to all the virtual machines on the first number of hosts deployed in the cluster.
In this alternative embodiment, the hosts may be implemented as a first number of hosts deployed in the form of a cluster; correspondingly, the physical memory space of the host includes all physical memory spaces of the first number of hosts deployed in the form of a cluster, the swap area space of the hard disks of the hosts includes swap area spaces of all hard disks of the first number of hosts deployed in the form of a cluster, and the maximum memory space available to the virtual machines includes a sum of maximum memory spaces available to all virtual machines on the first number of hosts deployed in the form of a cluster.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the present invention further provides an apparatus for setting an available memory space of a host, as shown in fig. 2, the apparatus includes a kernel parameter setting module 201, a swap area space setting module 205, a virtual machine memory space setting module 209, and a hot add memory module 213.
The kernel parameter setting module 201 is arranged to: setting the available memory space of the host machine as a physical memory space of the host machine and a switching area space of a hard disk of the host machine by setting the kernel parameters of the operating system of the host machine.
The switching zone space setting module 205 is configured to: setting the exchange area space of the hard disk of the host according to the host memory virtualization degree; the host memory virtualization degree is the ratio of the swap area space of the hard disk of the host to the physical memory space of the host.
The virtual machine memory space setting module 209 is configured to: setting the maximum memory space available for the virtual machine in the memory configuration file of the virtual machine according to the available memory space of the host machine so as to ensure that the virtual machine is successfully newly built on the host machine; the virtual machine memory configuration file is used for configuring the maximum memory space available for the virtual machine.
Hot add memory module 213 is configured to: detecting the hot added memory while running the virtual machine, and adding the physical memory space of the detected hot added memory to the available memory space of the host.
The embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that: the available memory space of the host machine is set to be the physical memory space of the host machine and the exchange area space of the hard disk of the host machine, so that the available memory space of the host machine is larger, and more available memory spaces of the virtual machines can be distributed; in addition, by setting the host memory virtualization degree, the swap area space of the hard disk can be set for the memory space required by the virtual machine; and when the hot added memory is detected, adding the physical memory space of the hot added memory to the available memory space of the host machine to avoid memory overflow.
Further, in an optional embodiment, the apparatus for setting an available memory space of a host further includes a memory space resetting module. The memory space resetting module is set as follows: after the hot adding memory module adds the detected physical memory space of the hot adding memory to the available memory space of the host machine, the memory space resetting module resets the switching area space of the hard disk of the host machine according to the host machine memory virtualization degree, and resets the maximum memory space available to the virtual machine in the virtual machine memory configuration file according to the available memory space of the host machine.
Further, in an optional embodiment, the virtualization degree setting module is configured to: and when the virtual machine is operated, setting the virtualization degree of the host memory according to the memory occupation condition of the virtual machine.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above description is only for the convenience of understanding the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A method for setting available memory space of a host is characterized by comprising the following steps:
setting an available memory space of a host machine as a physical memory space of the host machine and a switching area space of a hard disk of the host machine by setting kernel parameters of an operating system of the host machine;
setting the exchange area space of the hard disk of the host according to the host memory virtualization degree; the host memory virtualization degree is the ratio of the exchange area space of the hard disk of the host machine to the physical memory space of the host machine;
setting the maximum memory space available for the virtual machine in a virtual machine memory configuration file according to the available memory space of the host machine so as to ensure that the virtual machine is successfully newly built on the host machine; the virtual machine memory configuration file is used for configuring the maximum memory space available for the virtual machine;
detecting a hot added memory when a virtual machine is operated, and adding a physical memory space of the detected hot added memory to an available memory space of the host machine;
after the adding of the physical memory space of the detected hot added memory to the available memory space of the host,
resetting the exchange area space of the hard disk of the host according to the host memory virtualization degree; and resetting the maximum memory space available for the virtual machine in the memory configuration file of the virtual machine according to the available memory space of the host machine.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
and when the virtual machine is operated, setting the host memory virtualization degree according to the memory occupation condition of the virtual machine.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the hosts comprise a first number of hosts deployed in a cluster, the host's physical memory space comprises all of the physical memory space of the first number of hosts deployed in a cluster, the swap area space for the host's hard disks comprises the swap area space for all of the hard disks of the first number of hosts deployed in a cluster, and the maximum memory space available to the virtual machines comprises a sum of the maximum memory space available to all virtual machines on the first number of hosts deployed in a cluster.
4. An available memory space setting device of a host, comprising:
a kernel parameter setting module configured to: setting an available memory space of a host machine as a physical memory space of the host machine and a switching area space of a hard disk of the host machine by setting kernel parameters of an operating system of the host machine;
a switching zone space setting module configured to: setting the exchange area space of the hard disk of the host according to the host memory virtualization degree; the host memory virtualization degree is the ratio of the exchange area space of the hard disk of the host machine to the physical memory space of the host machine;
a virtual machine memory space setting module, the virtual machine memory space setting module being configured to: setting the maximum memory space available for the virtual machine in a virtual machine memory configuration file according to the available memory space of the host machine so as to ensure that the virtual machine is successfully newly built on the host machine; the virtual machine memory configuration file is used for configuring the maximum memory space available for the virtual machine;
a hot-add memory module configured to: detecting a hot added memory when a virtual machine is operated, and adding a physical memory space of the detected hot added memory to an available memory space of the host machine;
a memory space resetting module configured to: after the hot-adding memory module adds the detected physical memory space of the hot-adding memory to the available memory space of the host, the memory space resetting module resets the swap area space of the hard disk of the host according to the host memory virtualization degree, and resets the maximum memory space available to the virtual machine in the virtual machine memory configuration file according to the available memory space of the host.
5. The apparatus of claim 4, further comprising a virtualization degree setting module configured to: and when the virtual machine is operated, setting the host memory virtualization degree according to the memory occupation condition of the virtual machine.
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