CN107762739A - The azimuthal measuring method of impeller and device - Google Patents
The azimuthal measuring method of impeller and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN107762739A CN107762739A CN201610697833.7A CN201610697833A CN107762739A CN 107762739 A CN107762739 A CN 107762739A CN 201610697833 A CN201610697833 A CN 201610697833A CN 107762739 A CN107762739 A CN 107762739A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/022—Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades
- F03D7/0224—Adjusting blade pitch
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D1/06—Rotors
- F03D1/065—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
- F05B2270/329—Azimuth or yaw angle
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Indicating Or Recording The Presence, Absence, Or Direction Of Movement (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of azimuthal measuring method of impeller and device, this method to include：Pressure-altitude sensor gathers the present level of itself, and present level is sent into controller；Controller is according to present level, using circumference trigonometric function, the present orientation angle of whole blades of impeller is calculated, to complete the azimuthal measurement of impeller.Wherein, pressure-altitude sensor is fixedly installed in wheel hub, and the root position of the blade close to impeller.Because the measurement accuracy of pressure-altitude sensor is high, fast response time, it is possible to accurately measured to the azimuth of impeller.And pressure-altitude sensor is arranged in wheel hub, the slow-speed shaft with wind-driven generator is contactless connection, it is not necessary to any auxiliary equipment is installed on slow-speed shaft, the structure of wind power generating set is simplified, reduces manufacturing cost.
Description
Technical field
The present embodiments relate to technical field of wind power generation, more particularly to a kind of azimuthal measuring method of impeller and dress
Put.
Background technology
In recent years, the impeller of wind-driven generator mostly uses three oar blade type impellers, and three blades pass through rotatable thrust
Bearing or the slewing supporting device designed exclusively for pulp distance varying mechanism are linked on wheel hub.This impeller can be according to the change of wind speed
Change, the angle of attack of the driving pulp distance varying mechanism adjustment wind to blade.So that after wind speed exceedes rated wind speed, power output can be stably
It is maintained near rated power, in the case where strong wind or wind power generating set break down, regulation wind-driven generator is in suitable
Paddle state, the force-bearing situation of blade and complete machine is set to be greatly improved.
Currently mainly there are two kinds to the control method of wind electricity change paddle spacing mechanism, respectively unified variable propeller pitch control method and solely
Vertical variable pitch control method.Wherein, implementation of the independent pitch away from control method is mainly based upon azimuthal weight coefficient point
Match somebody with somebody.Independent pitch away from control method below rated wind speed when use unified variable propeller pitch control method, when more than rated wind speed,
Calculate the impeller azimuth of wind power generating set, and then obtain the azimuth of three blades, according to the azimuth of three blades,
The propeller pitch angle variation delta β of each blade is redistributed by weight coefficient, so as to realize independent feathering control.So independent pitch control
Method processed needs to measure the azimuth of wind power generating set impeller.
At present, to the azimuthal measurement of wind power generating set impeller more by the way of proximity switch.I.e. in wind-power electricity generation
Metal rotary disk is installed on unit slow-speed shaft, on the circumference of metal rotary disk edge, perforate at equal intervals, proximity switch is fixed on
Near slow-speed shaft, position detection is carried out using proximity switch when metal rotary disk rotates with slow-speed shaft.Specifically, when perforate is gone to
During the position of proximity switch, proximity switch signal condition is 0, after perforate turns over proximity switch, the signal condition of proximity switch
For 1, counted according to the state change of proximity switch, thus calculate the azimuth of impeller.
Although this method can measure impeller azimuth, because the perforate number in metal rotary disk is limited, can only survey
The numerical value of the azimuthal jumping characteristic of impeller is obtained, causes measurement accuracy not high.To improve measurement accuracy, it is necessary to by metal rotary disk
Diameter is made big, then the quality of metal rotary disk becomes larger, in the larger metal rotary disk of installation quality on slow-speed shaft, it is necessary to
Change the structure of low speed shaft of wind generating set, add the structure complexity and manufacturing cost of wind power generating set.
The content of the invention
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of azimuthal method and apparatus of impeller, solves and is opened in the prior art using close
Measurement accuracy caused by when closing measurement impeller azimuth is not high, in order to improve measurement accuracy, it is necessary to which to change wind power generating set low
The structure of fast axle, add the structure complexity of wind power generating set and the technical problem of manufacturing cost.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of azimuthal measuring method of impeller, including：
Pressure-altitude sensor gathers the present level of itself, and present level is sent into controller；
Controller is according to the present level, using circumference trigonometric function, calculates the present orientation of whole blades of impeller
Angle, to complete the azimuthal measurement of the impeller；
Wherein, the pressure-altitude sensor is fixedly installed in wheel hub, and the root position of the blade close to the impeller
Put.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of azimuthal measurement apparatus of impeller, including：Pressure-altitude sensor and controller；
The pressure-altitude sensor is fixedly installed in wheel hub, and the root position of the blade close to impeller；
The pressure-altitude sensor electrically connects with the controller；
The pressure-altitude sensor is used to gather the present level of itself, and present level is sent into controller；
The controller is used for according to the present level, using circumference trigonometric function, calculates whole leaves of the impeller
The present orientation angle of piece, to complete the azimuthal measurement of the impeller.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of azimuthal measuring method of impeller and device, is gathered by pressure-altitude sensor
The present level of itself, and present level is sent to controller；Controller is according to present level, using circumference trigonometric function,
The present orientation angle of whole blades of impeller is calculated, to complete the azimuthal measurement of impeller.Wherein, pressure-altitude sensor is fixed
It is arranged in wheel hub, and the root position of the blade close to impeller.Because the measurement accuracy of pressure-altitude sensor is high, response speed
Degree is fast, it is possible to accurately the azimuth of impeller is measured.And pressure-altitude sensor is arranged in wheel hub, with wind
The slow-speed shaft of power generator is contactless connection, it is not necessary to any auxiliary equipment is installed on slow-speed shaft, simplifies wind-force hair
The structure of group of motors, reduces manufacturing cost.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
There is the required accompanying drawing used in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are this hairs
Some bright embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without having to pay creative labor, can be with
Other accompanying drawings are obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the measuring method embodiment one of impeller deflection of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the azimuthal measuring principle schematic diagram of impeller initial position in embodiment one；
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the measuring method embodiment two of impeller deflection of the present invention；
First state residing for pressure-altitude sensor is shown in the measuring method for the impeller deflection that Fig. 4 provides for embodiment two
It is intended to；
Second state residing for pressure-altitude sensor is shown in the measuring method for the impeller deflection that Fig. 5 provides for embodiment two
It is intended to；
Fig. 6 is the flow chart of the measuring method embodiment three of impeller deflection of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the flow chart of the measuring method example IV of impeller deflection of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the flow chart of the measuring method embodiment five of impeller deflection of the present invention；
Pressure-altitude sensor state in which is illustrated in the measuring method for the impeller deflection that Fig. 9 provides for embodiment five
Figure；
Figure 10 is the structural representation of the measurement apparatus embodiment one of impeller deflection of the present invention；
Figure 11 is another viewing angle constructions schematic diagram of the measurement apparatus embodiment one of impeller deflection of the present invention；
Figure 12 is the structural representation of the measurement apparatus embodiment two of impeller deflection of the present invention；
Figure 13 is the structural representation of the measurement apparatus embodiment three of impeller deflection of the present invention；
Figure 14 is the structural representation of the measurement apparatus example IV of impeller deflection of the present invention；
Figure 15 is the structural representation of the measurement apparatus embodiment five of impeller deflection of the present invention.
Reference：
1- wheel hubs 21- the first blade 22- the second blade 23- third blades the first pressure-altitude sensors of 31- 32-
Second pressure-altitude sensor 4- controller 5- tower 6- rotation round 7-0 degree position 8- pitch control cabinets
Embodiment
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In accompanying drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
Part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
The every other embodiment obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
It should be appreciated that term "and/or" used herein is only a kind of incidence relation for describing affiliated partner, represent
There may be three kinds of relations, for example, A and/or B, can be represented：Individualism A, while A and B be present, individualism B these three
Situation.In addition, character "/" herein, it is a kind of relation of "or" to typically represent forward-backward correlation object.
Depending on linguistic context, word as used in this " if " can be construed to " ... when " or " when ...
When " or " in response to determining " or " in response to detection ".Similarly, depending on linguistic context, phrase " if it is determined that " or " if detection
(condition or event of statement) " can be construed to " when it is determined that when " or " in response to determine " or " when the detection (condition of statement
Or event) when " or " in response to detecting (condition or event of statement) ".
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the measuring method embodiment one of impeller deflection of the present invention.Meanwhile to more fully understand this reality
Apply example, the locations of structures relation of each element etc. and may refer to Fig. 2 and Figure 11 etc..As shown in figure 1, the impeller that then the present embodiment provides
The measuring method of deflection comprises the following steps.
Step 101, pressure-altitude sensor gathers the present level of itself, and present level is sent into controller 4.
Wherein, pressure-altitude sensor is fixedly installed in wheel hub 1, and the root position of the blade close to impeller.
Specifically, pressure-altitude sensor is arranged at the root position of the blade of impeller, i.e. the blade of impeller revolves with wheel hub 1
Turn on formed rotation vertical plane, pressure-altitude sensor be located at the underface of root of blade so that the azimuth of blade and
The azimuth of pressure-altitude sensor is equal.
Wherein, present level is acquired pressure-altitude sensor constant duration.Time interval can be 10ms,
20ms or other suitable numerical value, this is not limited in the present embodiment.
Step 102, controller 4 is according to present level, using circumference trigonometric function, calculate impeller whole blades it is current
Azimuth, to complete the azimuthal measurement of impeller.
Wherein, controller 4 may be provided in wheel hub 1 or outside wheel hub 1, and be electrically connected with pressure-altitude sensor.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, impeller includes three blades, and the angle between each blade is 2 π/3.Impeller and wheel
Hub 1 is fixedly connected, and three blades are equally spaced in the circumference of wheel hub 1.Pressure-altitude sensor and controller 4 are electrically connected
Connect.The present level of itself is gathered pressure-altitude sensor constant duration, and present level is sent to controller 4.
In controller 4 in addition to the oneself height for receiving pressure-altitude sensor collection, in order to calculate impeller using circumference trigonometric function
The azimuth of whole blades, the data such as the radius of wheel hub 1, the centre-height of wheel hub 1, the distance of wheel hub 1, control are also prestored
Device 4 is according to present level and the data prestored, using circumference trigonometric function, the present orientation angle of blade is calculated, with complete
Into the azimuthal measurement of impeller.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the number of pressure-altitude sensor is at least one, as of pressure-altitude sensor
When number is one, the pressure-altitude sensor can be arranged on to the root position of the first blade 21 of impeller, it is high by the air pressure
The present level of sensor measurement is spent, controller 4 calculates the present orientation angle of the first blade 21, and according to the first blade 21 and the
Angular relationship between angular relationship between two blades 22, and the first blade 21 and the second blade 22, calculate the second blade
22 present orientation angle and the present orientation angle of third blade 23, complete the azimuthal measurement of impeller.
As shown in figure 12, can be corresponding by two pressure-altitude sensors when the number of pressure-altitude sensor is two
It is arranged close to the root of two blades.First pressure-altitude sensor 31 can be such as arranged on to the root position of the first blade 21
Put, the second pressure-altitude sensor 32 is arranged on to the root position of the second blade 22.First pressure-altitude sensor 31 and
Two pressure-altitude sensors 32 electrically connect with controller 4 respectively.Then controller 4 receives the first pressure-altitude sensor 31 and
Itself present level that two pressure-altitude sensors 32 measure, the present level of the first pressure-altitude sensor 31 can be passed through respectively
The present orientation angle of the first blade 21 is calculated, the second blade 22 is calculated by the present level of the second pressure-altitude sensor 32
Present orientation angle, according to the angular relationship between the first blade 21 and third blade 23 or the second blade 22 and third blade 23 it
Between angular relationship calculate third blade 23 present orientation angle.Or by the present level of the first pressure-altitude sensor 31 and
The present level of second pressure-altitude sensor 32 combines to the present orientation angle of the first blade 21 and the second blade 22
Present orientation angle is calculated, and this is not limited in this embodiment.
Similarly, when the number of pressure-altitude sensor is three, three pressure-altitude sensors can be correspondingly arranged on
Close to the root of three blades.First pressure-altitude sensor 31 can be such as arranged on to the root position of the first blade 21, by
Two pressure-altitude sensors 32 are arranged on the root position of the second blade 22, and the 3rd pressure-altitude sensor is arranged on into the 3rd leaf
The root position of piece 23.First pressure-altitude sensor 31, the second pressure-altitude sensor 32 and the 3rd pressure-altitude sensor
Electrically connected respectively with controller 4.Then controller 4 receives the first pressure-altitude sensor 31, the second pressure-altitude sensor 32
Itself present level measured with the 3rd pressure-altitude sensor, the altimeter of the first pressure-altitude sensor 31 can be passed through respectively
The present orientation angle of the first blade 21 is calculated, works as front by what the height of the second pressure-altitude sensor 32 calculated the second blade 22
Parallactic angle, the present orientation angle of third blade 23 is calculated by the height of the 3rd pressure-altitude sensor.It is or the first air pressure is high
The height of sensor 31, the height of the second pressure-altitude sensor 32, the present level of the 3rd pressure-altitude sensor is spent to combine
Get up and the present orientation angle, the present orientation angle of the second blade 22 and the present orientation angle of third blade 23 of the first blade 21 are entered
Row is calculated, and this is not limited in this embodiment.
Wherein, pressure-altitude sensor can be high-precision pressure-altitude sensor, and measurement accuracy can reach 10cm.
In the present embodiment, the first blade 21, the second blade 22 and third blade are defined respectively in a clockwise direction, can also
The first blade 21, the second blade 22 and third blade 23 are counterclockwise defined respectively, and the present embodiment is not limited this.
It should be noted that in the present embodiment, pressure-altitude sensor can gather itself present level constant duration,
Time interval can be 10ms or 20ms etc..So the azimuth for the impeller that controller 4 calculates is the amount of a consecutive variations,
Have no the numerical value of jump.
Fig. 2 is the azimuthal measuring principle schematic diagram of impeller initial position in embodiment one, as shown in Fig. 2 showing in this figure
The pressure-altitude sensor anticipated out is one.Wherein, the radius of wheel hub 1 can pass through tower 5 marked as L, the centre-height of wheel hub 1
The summation of height and the radius of wheel hub 1 obtain, also can be by height maxima and height minima that pressure-altitude sensor measures
Calculate and obtain, it is marked as h1.Wheel hub 1 arrives root of blade apart from expression pressure-altitude sensor close to the one side of root of blade
Vertical range, it is marked as h2.Wherein, when impeller rotates, pressure-altitude sensor rotates together with impeller, then pressure altitude
The rotation round in vertical direction that sensor is formed with impeller rotation is marked as 6.Wherein, impeller deflection can be pre-defined
0 degree of position 7, can be 0 degree of position 7 by impeller azimuth of first blade 21 when straight up in the present embodiment.Then pass through
The present level h3 that receives and pre-stored the centre-height h1 of wheel hub 1, the radius L of wheel hub 1 and the distance h2 of wheel hub 1, the can be calculated
The sine value of one pressure-altitude sensor 31 and the angle of horizontal plane, front is then worked as according to 0 degree of position 7, the first blade 21
The relation of parallactic angle and angle, the present orientation angle of the first blade 21 corresponding to the first pressure-altitude sensor 31 is calculated, and then
The present orientation angle of the second blade 22 and third blade 23 is calculated, is completed to the azimuthal measurement of impeller.
The azimuthal measuring method of impeller that the present embodiment provides, the current height of itself is gathered by pressure-altitude sensor
Degree, and present level is sent to controller 4；Controller 4, using circumference trigonometric function, calculates impeller according to present level
The present orientation angle of whole blades, to complete the azimuthal measurement of impeller.Wherein, pressure-altitude sensor is fixedly installed on wheel hub
In 1, and the root position of the blade close to impeller.Because the measurement accuracy of pressure-altitude sensor is high, fast response time, so
Accurately the azimuth of impeller can be measured.And pressure-altitude sensor is arranged in wheel hub 1, with wind-driven generator
Slow-speed shaft 8 be contactless connection, it is not necessary to any auxiliary equipment is installed on slow-speed shaft 8, simplifies wind power generating set
Structure, reduce manufacturing cost.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the measuring method embodiment two of impeller deflection of the present invention, as shown in figure 3, the present embodiment carries
The measuring method of the impeller deflection of confession is built upon pressure-altitude sensor as on the basis of one, to impeller direction of the present invention
The measurement side of the further refinement of the step 102 of the measuring method embodiment one at angle, then the impeller deflection that the present embodiment provides
Method comprises the following steps.
Step 301, pressure-altitude sensor gathers the present level of itself, and present level is sent into controller 4.
Wherein, in the present embodiment, the number of pressure-altitude sensor is one, and the pressure-altitude sensor is arranged on first
The root position of blade 21.
Step 302, the sensing value of the statistics of controller 4 pressure-altitude sensor reaches first time of its own sensing maximum
Number and second number for reaching its own sensing minimum value, according to first number and second number, determine pressure-altitude sensor
Scope residing for the present orientation angle of the first blade 21 closed on is 0- π or π -2 π.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, most value method of counting was used to reach it to the sensing value of pressure-altitude sensor certainly
Body senses first number of maximum and reaches its own second number for sensing minimum value and counted, and according to first number
And second number, determine that the scope residing for the present orientation angle for the first blade 21 that pressure-altitude sensor closes on is 0- π or π -2
π.When first number changes, the scope residing for the present orientation angle for the first blade 21 that pressure-altitude sensor closes on is
0- π, when second number changes, the scope residing for the present orientation angle for the first blade 21 that pressure-altitude sensor closes on
It is π -2 π.
In the present embodiment, the scope residing for the present orientation angle for the first blade 21 that pressure-altitude sensor closes on is determined,
When being in sustained height to distinguish pressure-altitude sensor, and being in Different Plane, the different azimuth corresponding to the first blade 21
Angle.Wherein, Different Plane is respectively the left plane for rotating vertical plane and right plane.
Step 303, controller faces according to the magnitude relationship of present level and hub centre height and pressure-altitude sensor
Scope residing for the present orientation angle of the first near blade, the first blade 21 is calculated according to corresponding circumference trigonometric function expression formula
Present orientation angle θ1。
Specifically, controller first is according to present level and the magnitude relationship of the centre-height of wheel hub 1, calculate present level with
The difference of the height of wheel hub 1, and determine the numerical values recited of difference.
Wherein, the centre-height h1 of wheel hub 1 be height and the radius of wheel hub 1 of tower 5 and.
Preferably, in the present embodiment, the centre-height h1 of wheel hub 1 is the height maxima hmax of pressure-altitude sensor collection
With the half of height minima hmin sum, specifically it is represented by shown in formula (1)：
H1=(hmax+hmin)/2 (1)
Wherein, the height maxima hmax and height minima hmin of pressure-altitude sensor sensing pass through to pressure altitude
Count and obtain in the data of sensor historic sensing.
In the present embodiment, if present level and the difference of the centre-height of wheel hub 1 are more than or equal to zero, pressure-altitude sensor
The present orientation angle of the first blade 21 closed on is between 0- pi/2s, or between the π of 3 pi/2-2, if present level with wheel hub 1
The difference of heart height is less than zero, then illustrates the present orientation angle for the first blade 21 that pressure-altitude sensor closes in the pi/2 of pi/2-3
Between.
Then, the present orientation angle institute for the blade that controller closes on according to the numerical values recited and pressure-altitude sensor of difference
The scope at place, according to the expression formula calculating of corresponding circumference trigonometric function close to the current of the first blade 21 of pressure-altitude sensor
Azimuth angle theta1。
Specifically, in the present embodiment, if difference be more than or equal to zero and the blade that closes on of pressure-altitude sensor it is current
Scope residing for azimuth is 0- π, then corresponding circumference trigonometric function expression formula is expressed as shown in formula (2)：
θ1=pi/2-arc sin [(h3-h1)/(L-h2)] (2)
Wherein, if difference h3-h1=0, θ1=pi/2, if difference h3-h1=L-h2, θ1=0.
If difference be less than zero and the present orientation angle of blade closed on of pressure-altitude sensor residing for scope be 0- π,
Then corresponding circumference trigonometric function expression formula is expressed as shown in formula (3)：
θ1=pi/2+arc sin [(h1-h3)/(L-h2)] (3)
Wherein, if difference | h3-h1 |=L-h2, θ1=π.
If difference be more than or equal to zero and the present orientation angle of blade closed on of pressure-altitude sensor residing for scope be
π -2 π, then corresponding circumference trigonometric function expression formula be expressed as shown in formula (4)：
θ1=π+pi/2+arc sin [(h3-h1)/(L-h2)] (4)
Wherein, if difference h3-h1=0, θ1=3 pi/2s.If difference h3-h1=L-h2, θ1=2 π.
If difference be less than zero and the present orientation angle of blade closed on of pressure-altitude sensor residing for scope be π -2 π,
Then corresponding circumference trigonometric function expression formula is expressed as shown in formula (5)：
θ1=π+pi/2-arc sin [(h1-h3)/(L-h2)] (5)
Wherein, if difference | h3-h1 |=L-h2, θ1=π.
Illustrate and be：Pressure-altitude sensor institute in the measuring method for the impeller deflection that Fig. 4 provides for embodiment two
Locate first state schematic diagram, as shown in figure 4, o is the central point of wheel hub 1, a is pressure-altitude sensor on rotation round 6
Position, the intersection point of horizontal line and the vertical curve on pressure-altitude sensor height and position centered on b on point.If the center of wheel hub 1
Highly it is h1, wheel hub 1 is apart from for h2, and the present level of pressure-altitude sensor measurement is h3, and the radius of wheel hub 1 is L, then basis
The magnitude relationship of present level and hub centre height, calculates present level and the difference of the centre-height of wheel hub 1 is more than zero.And by
In the scope residing for the present orientation angle for the blade that pressure-altitude sensor closes on be 0- π, then the triangle being made up of o-a-b
In, obtained current gas pressure height sensor and horizontal plane angle c sine value are represented by shown in formula (6)：
Sin (c)=ab/oa=(h3-h1)/(L-h2) (6)
Then the azimuth of current first blade 21 is expressed as shown in formula (7)：
θ1=pi/2-c=pi/2-arc sin [(h3-h1)/(L-h2)] (7)
Second state residing for pressure-altitude sensor is shown in the measuring method for the impeller deflection that Fig. 5 provides for embodiment two
It is intended to, it continues rotation for the pressure-altitude sensor in Fig. 4 and formed.As shown in figure 5, o is the central point of wheel hub 1, d is air pressure
Position of the height sensor on rotation round 6, horizontal line centered on f on point with pressure-altitude sensor height and position
The intersection point of vertical extended line.If the height of the centre-height of wheel hub 1 is h1, the height of the distance of wheel hub 1 is h2, pressure-altitude sensor
The pressure sensor measured is highly h3, and the radius of wheel hub 1 is L, then according to present level and the magnitude relationship of hub centre height,
Calculate present level and the difference of the centre-height of wheel hub 1 is less than zero.The blade closed on again due to pressure-altitude sensor it is current
Scope residing for azimuth is 0- π, then in the triangle being made up of o-f-d, obtained current gas pressure height sensor and water
Plane included angle e sine value is represented by shown in formula (6)：
Sin (e)=fd/od=(h1-h3)/(L-h2) (8)
Then the azimuth of current first blade 21 is expressed as shown in formula (9)：
θ1=pi/2+c=pi/2+arc sin [(h1-h3)/(L-h2)] (9)
Step 304, according to the present orientation angle θ of the first blade 211, calculate the current of the second blade 22 and third blade 23
Azimuth, to complete the azimuthal measurement of impeller.
Wherein, if the blade tip of the first blade 21 straight up when be 0 degree of position 7, the second blade 22 and the first blade 21
Angle difference be 2 π/3, and the oblique lower right in blade tip direction.Third blade 23 differed with the angle of the second blade 22 2 π/3 and
The oblique lower left in blade tip direction.The blade for differing 2 π/3 with the first blade 21 clockwise is the second blade 22, counterclockwise
The blade that direction differs 2 π/3 with the first blade 21 is third blade 23.
Further, in the present embodiment, according to the present orientation angle θ of the first blade 211, calculate the current of the second blade 22
Azimuth angle theta2。
Wherein, the present orientation angle of the second blade 22 is expressed as shown in formula (10)：
θ2=(θ1+ 2 π/3) %2 π (10)
Wherein, " % " represents remainder symbol.The implication that formula (10) represents is summed for the azimuth of the first blade 21 with 2 π/3
Afterwards, to 2 π remainders.
Further, according to the present orientation angle θ of the first blade 211, the present orientation angle θ of calculating third blade 233.Its
In, the present orientation angle of third blade 23 is expressed as shown in formula (11)：
θ3=(θ1+ 4 π/3) %2 π (11)
Wherein, " % " represents remainder symbol.The implication that formula (11) represents is summed for the azimuth of the first blade 21 with 4 π/3
Afterwards, to 2 π remainders.
The measuring method for the impeller deflection that the present embodiment provides, if pressure-altitude sensor is one, pass through air pressure
Height sensor is used to gather the present level of itself, and present level is sent into controller 4, and it is high that controller 4 counts air pressure
The sensing value of degree sensor reaches first number of its own sensing maximum and reaches second of its own sensing minimum value
Number, according to first number and second number, is determined residing for the present orientation angle for the first blade 21 that pressure-altitude sensor closes on
Scope be 0- π or π -2 π, closed on according to the magnitude relationship of present level and hub centre height and pressure-altitude sensor
Scope residing for the present orientation angle of blade, work as front according to corresponding circumference trigonometric function expression formula the first blade 21 of calculating
Parallactic angle θ1, according to the present orientation angle θ of the first blade 211, the present orientation angle of the second blade 22 and third blade 23 is calculated, with
Complete the azimuthal measurement of impeller.Due to using pressure-altitude sensor with regard to the measurement at three blade azimuth angles can be completed,
And then the azimuthal measurement of impeller is completed, precisely only the azimuth of impeller is not measured, and further save
Manufacturing cost.
Fig. 6 is the flow chart of the measuring method embodiment three of impeller deflection of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, the present embodiment carries
The measuring method of the impeller deflection of confession is built upon pressure-altitude sensor as on the basis of two or three, to leaf of the present invention
Take turns the further refinement of the step 102 of the measuring method embodiment one of deflection, then the impeller deflection that the present embodiment provides
Measuring method comprises the following steps.
Step 601, each pressure-altitude sensor gathers the present level of itself, and present level is sent into controller
4。
Wherein, in the present embodiment, if the number of pressure-altitude sensor is two, two pressure-altitude sensor difference
For the first pressure-altitude sensor 31 and the second pressure-altitude sensor 32.Wherein, the first pressure-altitude sensor 31 installation three
The root position of one of blade in individual blade, the second pressure-altitude sensor 32 are arranged on its in two other blade
In a blade root position.As the first pressure-altitude sensor 31 is arranged on the root position of the first blade 21, the second gas
Height sensor 32 is pressed to be arranged on the root position of the second blade 22.
If the number of pressure-altitude sensor is three, three pressure-altitude sensors are separately mounted to three blades
Root position.As the first pressure-altitude sensor 31 is arranged on the root position of the first blade 21, the second pressure-altitude sensor
32 are arranged on the root position of the second blade 22, and the 3rd pressure-altitude sensor 33 is arranged on the root position of the second blade 23.
Step 602, controller 4 counts the sensing value of each pressure-altitude sensor and reaches the of its own sensing maximum
Number and second number for reaching its own sensing minimum value, according to first number and second number, determine that pressure altitude passes
Scope residing for the present orientation angle for the blade that sensor closes on is 0- π or π -2 π.
Wherein, the scope residing for the present orientation angle for the blade that each pressure-altitude sensor closes on is 0- π or π -2 π.
In the specific implementation of the step 602 of the present embodiment and the measuring method embodiment two of impeller deflection of the present invention
Step 302 implementation it is similar, this is no longer going to repeat them.
Step 603, the present level that controller gathers according at least two pressure-altitude sensors, using circumference triangle letter
Number, the corresponding two blade azimuth angle thetas undetermined for calculating at least two pressure-altitude sensors and closing on1minAnd θ2min；Azimuth undetermined
θ1minAnd θ2minLess than or equal to π.
Wherein, two blade azimuth angle thetas undetermined that at least two pressure-altitude sensors close on1minAnd θ2minCan be according to formula
(2) calculate and obtain with formula (3).The azimuth angle theta undetermined of i.e. two blades1minWith azimuth angle theta undetermined2minSpan 0- π it
Between.
Step 604, controller is according to the azimuth angle thetas undetermined of described two blades1minAnd θ2minNumerical values recited, Yi Jisuo
The scope residing for the present orientation angle of a blade in two blades is stated, determines the present orientation angle θ of two blades1And θ2。
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the azimuth angle theta undetermined of a blade in described two blades1minNumerical value
Scope residing for the present orientation angle of size and the blade, it may be determined that the present orientation angle of the blade in two blades is
θ1=θ1minOr θ1=2 π-θ1min, the then azimuth angle theta undetermined of another blade in two blades2minNumerical values recited
And the predetermined angle relation of two blades, the present orientation angle for determining another blade in two blades are θ2=θ2minOr θ2
=2 π-θ2min。
Further, if the azimuth undetermined 0 of a blade in two blades<θ1min<π/3, it is another in two blades
Azimuth π/3 undetermined of one blade<θ2min<π, and the scope residing for the present orientation angle of a blade in two blades is
0- π, it is determined that the present orientation angle of a blade in two blades is θ1=θ1min, another blade in two blades works as
Forward azimuth is θ2=θ2min。
If azimuth π/3≤θ undetermined of a blade in two blades1min<π, another blade in two blades
Azimuth π/3 undetermined<θ2min<π, and the scope residing for the present orientation angle of a blade in two blades is 0- π, then really
The present orientation angle of a blade in fixed two blades is θ1=θ1min, the present orientation angle of another blade in two blades
For θ2=2 π-θ2min。
If azimuth π/3≤θ undetermined of a blade in two blades1min<π, another blade in two blades
Azimuth 0 undetermined<θ2min<π/3, and the scope residing for the present orientation angle of a blade in two blades is π -2 π, then really
The present orientation angle of a blade in fixed two blades is θ1=2 π-θ1min, the present orientation of another blade in two blades
Angle is θ2=2 π-θ2min。
If azimuth π/3≤θ undetermined of a blade in two blades1min<π, another blade in two blades
Azimuth 0 undetermined<θ2min<π/3, and the scope residing for the present orientation angle of a blade in two blades is π -2 π, then really
The present orientation angle of a blade in fixed two blades is θ1=2 π-θ1min, the present orientation of another blade in two blades
Angle is θ2=θ2min。
Step 605, according to the present orientation angle θ of two blades1Or θ2, calculate the present orientation angle θ of another blade3。
Specifically, in the present embodiment, it is to determine due to the predetermined angle relation of two blades He another blade, so
Can be according to the present orientation angle θ of a blade1, calculate the present orientation angle θ of another blade in addition to two blades3, Huo Zhegen
According to the present orientation angle θ of another blade in two blades2, calculate the present orientation angle θ of another blade3。
Wherein, present orientation angle θ1Or θ2Corresponding blade does not limit.Such as present orientation angle θ1Blade be the first leaf
Piece, present orientation angle θ2For the second blade；Or present orientation angle θ1Blade be the second blade, present orientation angle θ2For the 3rd
Blade etc..
Illustrate and be：In the present embodiment, if present orientation angle θ1Blade be the first blade, present orientation angle θ2For
Two blades, then because the first blade 21 with the angle of third blade 23 differs 4 π/3, so the 3rd leaf can be calculated according to formula (11)
The present orientation angle θ of piece 233.Or because the second blade 22 with the angle of third blade 23 differs 2 π/3, so can be according to formula
(12) current angular of third blade 23 is calculated.
θ3=(θ2+ 2 π/3) %2 π (12)
The method of testing for the impeller deflection that the present embodiment provides, pressure-altitude sensor are two or three, Mei Geqi
Pressure height sensor gathers the present level of itself, and present level is sent into controller 4, and controller 4 counts each air pressure
The sensing value of height sensor reach its own sensing maximum first number and reach its own sense minimum value second
Number, according to first number and second number, it is determined that the present orientation angle for the first blade that each pressure-altitude sensor closes on
Residing scope is 0- π or π -2 π, the present level gathered according at least two pressure-altitude sensors, using circumference triangle letter
Number, the corresponding two blade azimuth angle thetas undetermined for calculating at least two pressure-altitude sensor and closing on1minAnd θ2min；It is described to treat
Orientation angle θ1minAnd θ2minLess than or equal to π, according to the azimuth angle theta undetermined of described two blades1minAnd θ2minNumerical value it is big
It is small, and the scope residing for the present orientation angle of a blade in described two blades, determine the present orientation of two blades
Angle θ1And θ2, according to the present orientation angle θ of two blades1Or θ2, calculate the present orientation angle θ of another blade3, not precisely only
The azimuth of impeller is measured, and pressure-altitude sensor is arranged to two or three, makes calculating process simple,
Reduce the amount of calculation of controller 4.
Fig. 7 is the flow chart of the measuring method example IV of impeller deflection of the present invention, as shown in fig. 7, the present embodiment carries
The measuring method of the impeller deflection of confession is built upon pressure-altitude sensor as on the basis of two or three, to leaf of the present invention
The further refinement of the step 102 of the measuring method embodiment one of deflection is taken turns, the present embodiment is two arranged side by side with embodiment three
Embodiment, the then measuring method of impeller deflection that the present embodiment provides comprise the following steps.
Step 701, each pressure-altitude sensor gathers the present level of itself, and present level is sent into controller
4。
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the number of pressure-altitude sensor is two or three, corresponding to be arranged close to two
Or the root of three blades.If the number of pressure-altitude sensor is two, two pressure-altitude sensors are respectively first
The pressure-altitude sensor 32 of pressure-altitude sensor 31 and second.Wherein, the first pressure-altitude sensor 31 installs three blades
In one of blade root position, the second pressure-altitude sensor 32 be arranged on two other blade in one of them
The root position of blade.As the first pressure-altitude sensor 31 is arranged on the root position of the first blade 21, the second pressure altitude
Sensor 32 is arranged on the root position of the second blade 22.
If the number of pressure-altitude sensor is three, three pressure-altitude sensors are separately mounted to three blades
Root position.As the first pressure-altitude sensor 31 is arranged on the root position of the first blade 21, the second pressure-altitude sensor
32 are arranged on the root position of the second blade 22, and the 3rd pressure-altitude sensor 33 is arranged on the root position of the second blade 23.
Step 702, the present level that controller gathers according at least two pressure-altitude sensors, using circumference triangle letter
Number, the corresponding two blade azimuth angle thetas undetermined for calculating at least two pressure-altitude sensors and closing on1minAnd θ2min；Azimuth undetermined
θ1minAnd θ2minLess than or equal to π.
Wherein, two blade azimuth angle thetas undetermined that at least two pressure-altitude sensors close on1minAnd θ2minCan be according to formula
(2) calculate and obtain with formula (3).The azimuth angle theta undetermined of i.e. two blades1minWith azimuth angle theta undetermined2minSpan 0- π it
Between.
Step 703, controller is according to the azimuth angle thetas undetermined of two blades1minAnd θ2minNumerical values recited and two blades
Predetermined angle relation, determine the present orientation angle θ of the first blade1With the present orientation angle θ of the second blade2。
It should be noted that：In the present embodiment, the first blade, the second blade and the 3rd leaf are determined respectively in a clockwise direction
Piece.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, if the azimuth angle theta undetermined of two blades1minAnd θ2minRespectively the first blade is undetermined
Azimuth and the azimuth undetermined of the second blade, then the predetermined angle relation of the first blade and the second blade be：Second blade is worked as
It is 2 π/3 that forward azimuth, which subtracts the first blade present orientation angular difference value, if the azimuth angle theta undetermined of two blades1minAnd θ2minRespectively
For the first blade and the azimuth undetermined of third blade, then the predetermined angle relation of the first blade and third blade is：3rd leaf
The present orientation angular difference value that the present orientation angle of piece subtracts the first blade is 4 π/3, if the azimuth angle theta undetermined of two blades1minAnd
θ2minThe azimuth undetermined of respectively the second blade and third blade, then the predetermined angle relation of the second blade and third blade
For：The difference at the present orientation angle of third blade and the present orientation angle of the second blade is 2 π/3,
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the azimuth angle theta undetermined of two blades is passed through1minAnd θ2min, calculate and correspond to side undetermined
Parallactic angle θ1minAnd θ2minTwo blades present orientation angle predicted value.The predicted value at the present orientation angle of one blade can be with
For θ1min, or be 2 π-θ1min.Similarly, the predicted value at the present orientation angle of another blade can be θ2min, or for 2 π-
θ2min。
Such as θ1min=π/6, then the predicted value at the present orientation angle of the blade can be θ1=θ1min=π/6, or be θ1=
2π-θ1min=11 π/6.
Judge each pre- of each predicted value at the present orientation angle of a blade and the present orientation angle of another blade
Whether the predetermined angle relation of two blade is met between measured value, if satisfied, then now the present orientation angle of a blade is corresponding
Predicted value and another blade present orientation angle corresponding predicted value, the present orientation angle θ of respectively two blades1With
θ2。
Illustrate and be：Azimuth angle theta undetermined1minBlade for the first blade, azimuth angle theta undetermined2minBlade be second
Blade, the azimuth angle theta undetermined of the first blade1min=π/6, the azimuth undetermined of the second blade is θ2min=5 π/6, then the first blade
The predicted value at present orientation angle can be θ1=π/6, or be θ1=11 π/6.The predicted value at the present orientation angle of the second blade
Can be θ2=5 π/6, or be θ2=7 π/6.The predetermined angle relation of two blades is：The present orientation angle of first blade
And second blade present orientation angle between differ 2 π/3, i.e. what the present orientation angle of the second blade subtracted the first blade works as front
Parallactic angle, difference are 2 π/3.The then predicted value by the present orientation angle to the second blade and azimuthal prediction of the first blade
Value is carried out after seeking difference, only works as θ1=π/6 and θ2=5 π/6, just meet that the present orientation angle of the second blade subtracts the first blade
Present orientation angle, difference are 2 π/3.So determine the present orientation angle θ of two blades1And θ2Respectively π/6 and 5 π/6.
Step 704, controller is according to the present orientation angle θ of two blades1Or θ2, calculate the present orientation of another blade
Angle θ3。
In the present embodiment, the implementation of step 704 and the implementation phase of the step 605 in the embodiment of the present invention three
Together, this is no longer going to repeat them.
The method of testing for the impeller deflection that the present embodiment provides, pressure-altitude sensor are two or three, Mei Geqi
Pressure height sensor gathers the present level of itself, and present level is sent into controller 4, and controller is according at least two gas
The present level of height sensor collection is pressed, using circumference trigonometric function, corresponding at least two pressure-altitude sensors that calculate face
Two near blade azimuth angle thetas undetermined1minAnd θ2min；Azimuth angle theta undetermined1minAnd θ2minLess than or equal to π, controller is according to two
The azimuth angle theta undetermined of individual blade1minAnd θ2minWith the predetermined angle relation of two blades, the present orientation angle of the first blade is determined
θ1With the present orientation angle θ of the second blade2.Controller is according to the present orientation angle θ of two blades1Or θ2, calculate another blade
Present orientation angle θ3.Precisely only the azimuth of impeller is not measured, and do not need controller to count each gas
The sensing value of pressure height sensor reach first number of its own sensing maximum and reach its own sense minimum value the
Two numbers, further simplify calculating process, reduce the amount of calculation of controller.
Fig. 8 is the flow chart of the measuring method embodiment five of impeller deflection of the present invention, as shown in figure 8, the present embodiment exists
On the basis of the measuring method embodiment one or embodiment two or embodiment three or example IV of impeller deflection of the present invention, in root
According to present level, using circumference trigonometric function, after the present orientation angle for the whole blades for calculating impeller, in addition to slow-speed shaft
Rotating speed calculating.The present embodiment is illustrated based on the measuring method embodiment one of impeller deflection of the present invention.Then originally
The measuring method for the impeller deflection that embodiment provides comprises the following steps.
Step 801, pressure-altitude sensor gathers the present level of itself, and present level is sent into controller 4.
Step 802, controller 4 is according to present level, using circumference trigonometric function, calculate impeller whole blades it is current
Azimuth, to complete the azimuthal measurement of impeller.
In the present embodiment, the implementation of step 801- steps 802 is identical with the implementation of step 101- steps 102,
This is no longer going to repeat them.
Step 803, according to the rotating speed at the azimuth of the three of impeller blades, respectively calculating impeller.
It should be noted that slow-speed shaft is fixedly and coaxially connected with impeller, so the rotating speed of slow-speed shaft is the rotating speed of impeller.By
It is higher in the real-time of the azimuth determination of impeller, so the low speed rotating speed calculated is also consecutive variations, the number without jump
Value.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, because the blade of impeller has three, it is possible to according to the azimuth of three blades,
Wheel speed is calculated respectively, obtains the rotating speed of three impellers.
Illustrated by taking the rotating speed of the azimuthal angle calculation impeller of the first blade 21 as an example.Fig. 9 is the leaf that embodiment five provides
Pressure-altitude sensor state in which schematic diagram in the measuring method of deflection is taken turns, as shown in figure 9,0 degree position 7 is current the
0 degree of position of one blade 21, also it is the azimuthal 0 degree of position of current impeller, the azimuth of the first blade 21 of preceding one-shot measurement
For a1, then the impeller azimuth is a1, and the azimuth of the first blade 21 of this measurement is b1, then the impeller azimuth is b1,
The impeller azimuth of one-shot measurement and azimuthal difference c1 of this measurement, are expressed as shown in formula (13) before calculating.
C1=b1-a1 (13)
Time interval t, the number of turns n0 that impeller turns over for measuring every time are calculated, is represented by shown in formula (14).
N0=c1/2 π (14)
By in time interval t, the number of turns n0 that impeller turns over is converted to the tachometer value n1 of rated rotational frequency unit (rev/min), by
It is ms in t unit, 1 second is 1000ms, and one minute is 60s, so n1 is expressed as shown in formula (15).
N1=60*1000*n0/t (15)
Similarly, it is respectively n1 and n2 according to the rotating speed of the impeller of the azimuthal angle calculation of two other blade.
Step 804, the average value of the rotating speed of three impellers is solved, to obtain the rotating speed of slow-speed shaft.
Specifically, the rotating speed n4 of slow-speed shaft can be calculated according to formula (16).
N4=(n1+n2+n3)/3 (16)
It should be noted that due to when impeller azimuth rotates 2 π, 0 degree can be changed into again again, so continuing by formula (13)
Calculated, overflow error can be caused, so to using maximum backoff algorithm during the conscientious calculating of the rotating speed of impeller, prevent from calculating
When overflow error.If the impeller azimuth of one-shot measurement and azimuthal difference c1 of this measurement are a negative value before detecting
And when being more than predetermined threshold value, then the impeller azimuth of one-shot measurement measures azimuthal with this before being calculated using formula (17)
Difference c1, formula (17) are expressed as：
The π (17) of c1=(b1-a1)+2
The azimuthal measuring method for the impeller that the present embodiment provides, according to present level, using circumference trigonometric function,
After the present orientation angle for calculating whole blades of impeller, always according to the azimuth of three blades of impeller, impeller is calculated respectively
Rotating speed, solve three impellers rotating speed average value, can be more accurately to slow-speed shaft to obtain the rotating speed of slow-speed shaft 8
Rotating speed measures.
Figure 10 is the structural representation of the measurement apparatus embodiment one of impeller deflection of the present invention, and Figure 11 is impeller of the present invention
Another viewing angle constructions schematic diagram of the measurement apparatus embodiment one of deflection.As shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11, the present embodiment provides
The measurement apparatus of impeller deflection includes：Pressure-altitude sensor and controller 4.
In the present embodiment, pressure-altitude sensor is fixedly installed in wheel hub 1, and the root position of the blade close to impeller
Put.
Wherein, pressure-altitude sensor electrically connects with controller 4；Pressure-altitude sensor is used to gather the current height of itself
Degree, and present level is sent to controller 4；Controller 4 is used for according to present level, using circumference trigonometric function, calculates leaf
The present orientation angle of whole blades of wheel, to complete the azimuthal measurement of impeller.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, impeller includes three blades, and the angle between each blade is 2 π/3.Three blades
It is equally spaced in the circumference of wheel hub 1.Pressure-altitude sensor is fixedly installed in wheel hub 1, and pressure altitude is passed
Sensor electrically connects with controller 4.Wherein, pressure-altitude sensor is arranged far from the center of wheel hub 1, i.e. the edge of wheel hub 1 is attached
Closely, the root position of the blade and positioned at impeller, the i.e. blade of impeller are rotated with wheel hub 1 on formed rotation vertical plane,
Pressure-altitude sensor is located at the underface of root of blade, so that the azimuth of blade and the azimuth phase of pressure-altitude sensor
Deng.The present level of itself is gathered pressure-altitude sensor constant duration, and present level is sent to controller 4.
In controller 4 in addition to itself present level for receiving pressure-altitude sensor collection, in order to calculate leaf using circumference trigonometric function
The azimuth of whole blades of wheel, the data such as the radius of wheel hub 1, the centre-height of wheel hub 1, the distance of wheel hub 1 are also prestored,
Controller 4 is according to present level and the data prestored, using circumference trigonometric function, calculates the present orientation angle of blade,
To complete the azimuthal measurement of impeller.
In the present embodiment, the number of pressure-altitude sensor is at least one, should when pressure-altitude sensor is one
Pressure-altitude sensor is the first pressure-altitude sensor 31.Can also be two or three.As of pressure-altitude sensor
When number is two or three, each pressure-altitude sensor is electrically connected with controller 4 respectively.
Wherein, pressure-altitude sensor can be high-precision pressure-altitude sensor, and measurement accuracy can reach 10cm.
In actual applications, when the number of pressure-altitude sensor is one, the pressure-altitude sensor can be set
The root position of any one blade in three blades of impeller.Such as it is arranged on the root position of the first blade 21 of impeller
Put, the present level measured by the pressure-altitude sensor, controller 4 calculates the present orientation angle of the first blade 21, and root
Closed according to the angle between the angular relationship between the first blade 21 and the second blade 22, and the first blade 21 and the second blade 22
System, the present orientation angle of the second blade 22 and the present orientation angle of third blade 23 are calculated, completes the azimuthal measurement of impeller.
When pressure-altitude sensor for two when, two pressure-altitude sensors can be correspondingly arranged close to two leaves
The root of piece.First pressure-altitude sensor 31 can be such as arranged on to the root position of the first blade 21, by the second pressure altitude
Sensor 32 is arranged on the root position of the second blade 22.First pressure-altitude sensor 31 and the second pressure-altitude sensor 32
Electrically connected respectively with controller 4.Then controller 4 receives the first pressure-altitude sensor 31 and the second pressure-altitude sensor 32
Itself present level measured, working as the first blade 21, can be calculated by the present level of the first pressure-altitude sensor 31 respectively
Forward azimuth, the present orientation angle of the second blade 22 is calculated by the present level of the second pressure-altitude sensor 32, according to the
Angular relationship between angular relationship or the second blade 22 and third blade 23 between one blade 21 and third blade 23 calculates
The present orientation angle of third blade 23.Or the present level of the first pressure-altitude sensor 31 and the second pressure altitude are sensed
The present level of device 32 combines to be counted to the present orientation angle of the first blade 21 and the present orientation angle of the second blade 22
Calculate, this is not limited in this embodiment.
Similarly, when pressure-altitude sensor and controller 4 for three when, can pacify two pressure-altitude sensors are corresponding
It is installed adjacent to the root of two blades.First pressure-altitude sensor 31 can be such as arranged on to the root position of the first blade 21,
Second pressure-altitude sensor 32 is arranged on to the root position of the second blade 22, the 3rd pressure-altitude sensor is arranged on
The root position of three blades 23.First pressure-altitude sensor 31, the second pressure-altitude sensor 32 and the 3rd pressure altitude pass
Sensor electrically connects with controller 4 respectively.Then controller 4 receives the first pressure-altitude sensor 31, the second pressure altitude sensing
Itself present level that the pressure-altitude sensor of device 32 and the 3rd measures, the height of the first pressure-altitude sensor 31 can be passed through respectively
Degree calculates the present orientation angle of the first blade 21, and working as the second blade 22 is calculated by the height of the second pressure-altitude sensor 32
Forward azimuth, the present orientation angle of third blade 23 is calculated by the height of the 3rd pressure-altitude sensor.Or by the first gas
Press the height of height sensor 31, the height of the second pressure-altitude sensor 32, the present level of the 3rd pressure-altitude sensor
Combine the present orientation at the present orientation angle to the first blade 21, the present orientation angle of the second blade 22 and third blade 23
Angle is calculated, and this is not limited in this embodiment.
The azimuthal measurement apparatus of impeller that the present embodiment provides, including：Pressure-altitude sensor and controller 4；Air pressure
Height sensor is fixedly installed in wheel hub 1, and the root position of the blade close to impeller；Pressure-altitude sensor and controller
4 electrical connections；Pressure-altitude sensor is used to gather the present level of itself, and present level is sent into controller 4；Controller
4 are used for according to present level, using circumference trigonometric function, the present orientation angle of whole blades of impeller are calculated, to complete impeller
Azimuthal measurement.Because the measurement accuracy of pressure-altitude sensor is high, fast response time, it is possible to accurately to impeller
Azimuth measures.And pressure-altitude sensor is arranged in wheel hub 1, the slow-speed shaft 8 with wind-driven generator is non-contact
Formula is connected, it is not necessary to any auxiliary equipment is installed on slow-speed shaft 8, simplifies the structure of wind power generating set, reduces cost.
The azimuthal measurement apparatus for the impeller that the present embodiment provides can perform the technical side of embodiment of the method shown in Fig. 1
Case, its implementing principle and technical effect is similar, and here is omitted.
Figure 12 is the structural representation of the measurement apparatus embodiment two of impeller deflection of the present invention, as shown in figure 12, this reality
The measurement apparatus of the impeller deflection of example offer is applied on the basis of the measurement apparatus embodiment one of impeller deflection of the present invention, is entered
One step, controller 4 includes angular range determining unit 41.
Wherein, angular range determining unit 41, the sensing value for counting pressure-altitude sensor reach its own sensing
First number of maximum and second number for reaching its own sensing minimum value；According to first number and second number, it is determined that
Scope residing for the present orientation angle for the first blade 21 that pressure-altitude sensor closes on is 0- π or π -2 π.
Further, the number of pressure-altitude sensor is one；
Correspondingly, controller 4 includes：First angle computing unit 42, it is connected with angular range determining unit 41, for root
The present orientation angle of the first blade closed on according to the magnitude relationship of present level and hub centre height and pressure-altitude sensor
Residing scope, the present orientation angle θ of the first blade 21 is calculated according to corresponding circumference trigonometric function expression formula1；According to first
The present orientation angle θ of blade 211, the present orientation angle of the second blade 22 and third blade 23 is calculated, to complete impeller azimuth
Measurement.
Further, the azimuthal measurement apparatus for the impeller that the present embodiment provides can perform the implementation of method shown in Fig. 3
The technical scheme of example, its implementing principle and technical effect is similar, and here is omitted.
Figure 13 is the structural representation of the measurement apparatus embodiment three of impeller deflection of the present invention, as shown in figure 13, this reality
The measurement apparatus of the impeller deflection of example offer is applied on the basis of the measurement apparatus embodiment one of impeller deflection of the present invention, gas
The number for pressing height sensor is two or three, the corresponding root for being arranged close to two or three blades.
Further, controller 4 includes second angle computing unit 43, is connected with angular range determining unit 41.
Wherein, second angle computing unit 43, for the present level gathered according at least two pressure-altitude sensors,
Using circumference trigonometric function, the corresponding two blade azimuth angle thetas undetermined for calculating at least two pressure-altitude sensors and closing on1minAnd
θ2min；Azimuth angle theta undetermined1minAnd θ2minLess than or equal to π；According to the azimuth angle theta undetermined of two blades1minAnd θ2minNumerical value it is big
It is small, and the scope residing for the present orientation angle of a blade in two blades, determine the present orientation angle θ of two blades1
And θ2；According to the present orientation angle θ of two blades1Or θ2, calculate the present orientation angle θ of another blade3
The azimuthal measurement apparatus for the impeller that the present embodiment provides can perform the technical side of embodiment of the method shown in Fig. 6
Case, its implementing principle and technical effect is similar, and here is omitted.
Figure 14 is the structural representation of the measurement apparatus example IV of impeller deflection of the present invention, as shown in figure 14, this reality
Example is applied on the basis of the measurement apparatus embodiment one of impeller deflection of the present invention, the number of pressure-altitude sensor for two or
Three,
Further, controller 4 includes：Third angle computing unit 44.
Wherein, third angle computing unit 44, for the present level gathered according at least two pressure-altitude sensors,
Using circumference trigonometric function, the corresponding two blade azimuth angle thetas undetermined for calculating at least two pressure-altitude sensors and closing on1minAnd
θ2min；Azimuth angle theta undetermined1minAnd θ2minLess than or equal to π；And according to the azimuth angle theta undetermined of two blades1minAnd θ2minNumerical value
Size and the predetermined angle relation of two blades, determine the present orientation angle θ of two blades1And θ2；And according to two blades
Present orientation angle θ1Or θ2, calculate the present orientation angle θ of another blade3。
The azimuthal measurement apparatus of impeller that the present embodiment provides can perform the technical side of embodiment of the method shown in Fig. 7
Case, its implementing principle and technical effect is similar, and here is omitted.
Figure 15 is the structural representation of the measurement apparatus embodiment five of impeller deflection of the present invention, as shown in figure 15, this reality
Example is applied on the measurement apparatus embodiment one or embodiment two of impeller deflection of the present invention or the basis of embodiment three or example IV
On, in addition to：Pitch control cabinet 8.
Wherein, pitch control cabinet 8 is fixedly installed in wheel hub 1, and pressure-altitude sensor is arranged in pitch control cabinet 8；
Or/also, controller 4 be pitch-controlled system 8 controller, be arranged in pitch control cabinet 8.
Specifically, pitch control cabinet 8 is arranged at being fixedly connected in mode the present embodiment in wheel hub 1 and not limited, and such as may be used
Think welding, be spirally connected, clamping etc..
Wherein, pressure-altitude sensor is arranged in pitch control cabinet 8.Pressure-altitude sensor is arranged on pitch control cabinet
Do not limited in fixed form the present embodiment in 8.
Wherein, controller 4 is the controller of pitch-controlled system, and controller is arranged on the fixed form in pitch control cabinet, this
Also do not limited in embodiment.
The azimuthal measurement apparatus of impeller that the present embodiment provides, in addition to：Pitch control cabinet 8；Pressure-altitude sensor
It is arranged in pitch control cabinet；Or/also, controller 4 be pitch-controlled system controller, be arranged in pitch control cabinet 8.Can
Pressure-altitude sensor and controller 4 are protected, prevent pressure-altitude sensor and controller 4 by dust and vapor
Influence.
Finally it should be noted that：Various embodiments above is merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention, rather than its limitations；To the greatest extent
The present invention is described in detail with reference to foregoing embodiments for pipe, it will be understood by those within the art that：Its according to
The technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments can so be modified, either which part or all technical characteristic are entered
Row equivalent substitution；And these modifications or replacement, the essence of appropriate technical solution is departed from various embodiments of the present invention technology
The scope of scheme.
Claims (14)
- A kind of 1. azimuthal measuring method of impeller, it is characterised in that including：Pressure-altitude sensor gathers the present level of itself, and present level is sent into controller；Controller is according to the present level, using circumference trigonometric function, calculates the present orientation angle of whole blades of impeller, with Complete the azimuthal measurement of the impeller；Wherein, the pressure-altitude sensor is fixedly installed in wheel hub, and the root position of the blade close to the impeller.
- 2. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the controller is according to the present level, using circumference Trigonometric function, before the present orientation angle for the whole blades for calculating the impeller, in addition to：The controller count the pressure-altitude sensor sensing value reach first number of its own sensing maximum with Reach second number of its own sensing minimum value；The controller determines the first blade that the pressure-altitude sensor closes on according to first number and second number Present orientation angle residing for scope be 0- π or π -2 π.
- 3. according to the method for claim 2, it is characterised in that the number of the pressure-altitude sensor is one；Correspondingly, the controller is according to the present level, using circumference trigonometric function, calculates whole blades of the impeller Present orientation angle specifically include：The controller faces according to the magnitude relationship of the present level and hub centre height and the pressure-altitude sensor Scope residing for the present orientation angle of the first near blade, first leaf is calculated according to corresponding circumference trigonometric function expression formula The present orientation angle θ of piece1；The controller is according to the present orientation angle θ of first blade1, calculate the second blade and the present orientation of third blade Angle, to complete the azimuthal measurement of the impeller.
- 4. according to the method for claim 3, it is characterised in that the controller is according to the present orientation of first blade Angle θ1, the present orientation angle of the second blade and third blade is calculated, is specifically included with completing the azimuthal measurement of the impeller：The controller is according to the present orientation angle θ of first blade1, the present orientation angle θ of calculating second blade2= (θ1+ 2 π/3) %2 π；The controller is according to the present orientation angle θ of first blade1, calculate the present orientation angle θ of the third blade3= (θ1+ 4 π/3) %2 π.
- 5. according to the method for claim 2, it is characterised in that the number of the pressure-altitude sensor is two or three It is individual,The controller is according to the present level, using circumference trigonometric function, calculate the impeller whole blades it is current Azimuth specifically includes：The present level that the controller gathers according at least two pressure-altitude sensors, it is corresponding using circumference trigonometric function Calculate two blade azimuth angle thetas undetermined that at least two pressure-altitude sensor closes on1minAnd θ2min；It is described to treat orientation Angle θ1minAnd θ2minLess than or equal to π；The controller is according to the azimuth angle thetas undetermined of described two blades1minAnd θ2minNumerical values recited, and described two leaves Scope residing for the present orientation angle of a blade in piece, determine the present orientation angle θ of two blades1And θ2；The controller is according to the present orientation angle θ of described two blades1Or θ2, calculate the present orientation angle θ of another blade3。
- 6. according to the method for claim 5, it is characterised in that the controller treats orientation according to described two blades Angle θ1minAnd θ2minNumerical values recited, and the scope residing for the present orientation angle of a blade in described two blades, it is determined that The present orientation angle θ of two blades1And θ2, specifically include：If the azimuth undetermined 0 of a blade in described two blades<θ1min<π/3, another leaf in described two blades Azimuth π/3 undetermined of piece<θ2min<π, and the scope residing for the present orientation angle of a blade in described two blades is 0- π, it is determined that the present orientation angle of a blade in described two blades is θ1=θ1min, another leaf in described two blades The present orientation angle of piece is θ2=θ2min；If azimuth π/3≤θ undetermined of a blade in described two blades1min<π, another leaf in described two blades Azimuth π/3 undetermined of piece<θ2min<π, and the scope residing for the present orientation angle of a blade in described two blades is 0- π, it is determined that the present orientation angle of a blade in described two blades is θ1=θ1min, another leaf in described two blades The present orientation angle of piece is θ2=2 π-θ2min；If azimuth π/3≤θ undetermined of a blade in described two blades1min<π, another blade in described two blades Azimuth undetermined 0<θ2min<π/3, and the scope residing for the present orientation angle of a blade in described two blades is π -2 π, it is determined that the present orientation angle of a blade in described two blades is θ1=2 π-θ1min, it is another in described two blades The present orientation angle of blade is θ2=2 π-θ2min；If azimuth π/3≤θ undetermined of a blade in described two blades1min<π, another blade in described two blades Azimuth undetermined 0<θ2min<π/3, and the scope residing for the present orientation angle of a blade in described two blades is π -2 π, then the present orientation angle for determining a blade in described two blades is θ1=2 π-θ1min, in described two blades The present orientation angle of another blade is θ2=θ2min。
- 7. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the number of the pressure-altitude sensor is two or three It is individual,The controller is according to the present level, using circumference trigonometric function, calculate the impeller whole blades it is current Azimuth specifically includes：The present level that the controller gathers according at least two pressure-altitude sensors, it is corresponding using circumference trigonometric function Calculate two blade azimuth angle thetas undetermined that at least two pressure-altitude sensor closes on1minAnd θ2min；It is described to treat orientation Angle θ1minAnd θ2minLess than or equal to π；The controller is according to the azimuth angle thetas undetermined of described two blades1minAnd θ2minNumerical values recited and described two blades Predetermined angle relation, determine the present orientation angle θ of two blades1And θ2；The controller is according to the present orientation angle θ of described two blades1Or θ2, calculate the present orientation angle θ of another blade3。
- 8. according to the method described in claim any one of 1-7, it is characterised in that it is described according to the present level, using circle All trigonometric functions, after the present orientation angle for the whole blades for calculating the impeller, in addition to：According to the azimuth of the three of the impeller blades, the rotating speed of the impeller is calculated respectively；The average value of the rotating speed of three impellers is solved, to obtain the rotating speed of low speed shaft of wind generating set.
- A kind of 9. azimuthal measurement apparatus of impeller, it is characterised in that including：Pressure-altitude sensor and controller；The pressure-altitude sensor is fixedly installed in wheel hub, and the root position of the blade close to impeller；The pressure-altitude sensor electrically connects with the controller；The pressure-altitude sensor is used to gather the present level of itself, and present level is sent into controller；The controller is used for according to the present level, using circumference trigonometric function, calculates whole blades of the impeller Present orientation angle, to complete the azimuthal measurement of the impeller.
- 10. device according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the controller includes；Angular range determining unit, the sensing value for counting the pressure-altitude sensor reach its own sensing maximum First number and second number for reaching its own sensing minimum value；According to first number and second number, it is determined that described Scope residing for the present orientation angle for the first blade that pressure-altitude sensor closes on is 0- π or π -2 π.
- 11. device according to claim 10, it is characterised in that the number of the pressure-altitude sensor is one；Correspondingly, the controller includes：First angle computing unit, it is connected with the angular range determining unit, for according in the present level and wheel hub Scope residing for the present orientation angle for the first blade that the magnitude relationship of heart height is closed on the pressure-altitude sensor, according to Corresponding circumference trigonometric function expression formula calculates the present orientation angle θ of first blade1；According to the current of first blade Azimuth angle theta1, the present orientation angle of the second blade and third blade is calculated, to complete the azimuthal measurement of the impeller.
- 12. device according to claim 10, it is characterised in that the number of the pressure-altitude sensor is two or three It is individual, the corresponding root for being arranged close to two or three blades；The controller includes second angle computing unit, is connected with the angular range determining unit, for according at least two The present level of individual pressure-altitude sensor collection, it is corresponding to calculate at least two pressure altitude using circumference trigonometric function Two blade azimuth angle thetas undetermined that sensor closes on1minAnd θ2min；The azimuth angle theta undetermined1minAnd θ2minLess than or equal to π； According to the azimuth angle theta undetermined of described two blades1minAnd θ2minNumerical values recited, an and blade in described two blades Present orientation angle residing for scope, determine the present orientation angle θ of two blades1And θ2；Work as front according to described two blades Parallactic angle θ1Or θ2, calculate the present orientation angle θ of another blade3。
- 13. device according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the number of the pressure-altitude sensor is two or three It is individual,The controller includes：Third angle computing unit, for the present level gathered according at least two pressure-altitude sensors, using circumference three Angle function, the corresponding two blade azimuth angle thetas undetermined for calculating at least two pressure-altitude sensor and closing on1minAnd θ2min；Institute State azimuth angle theta undetermined1minAnd θ2minLess than or equal to π；And according to the azimuth angle theta undetermined of described two blades1minAnd θ2minNumber It is worth size and the predetermined angle relation of described two blades, determines the present orientation angle θ of two blades1And θ2；And according to described The present orientation angle θ of two blades1Or θ2, calculate the present orientation angle θ of another blade3。
- 14. according to the device described in claim any one of 9-13, it is characterised in that also include：The pressure-altitude sensor It is arranged in pitch control cabinet；Or/also,The controller is the controller of pitch-controlled system, is arranged in pitch control cabinet.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN113464377A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2021-10-01 | 新疆金风科技股份有限公司 | Impeller detection system and method of wind generating set |
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