Multifunctional pressure reducing valve suitable for large flow
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pressure reducing valves, in particular to a multifunctional pressure reducing valve suitable for large flow.
Background
Along with the development of global industrialization, the energy problem is gradually highlighted, on one hand, the source of energy cannot meet the increasingly expanded high-energy-consumption industrial demand, important energy and materials gradually become in short supply and are gradually consumed, on the other hand, the influence of the consumption and exploitation of energy on the environment is also accumulated and deepened, so that the climate change is caused, and the development of industry and the life quality of human beings are influenced. Under such circumstances, society needs to develop new forms of energy that should be inexhaustible and that have no excessively harmful effects on the environment, such as wind energy generated by air cooling and heating convection, energy generated by tides and water currents, energy generated by solar radiation, and the like.
The pressure reducing valve is a valve which reduces the inlet pressure to a certain required outlet pressure through regulation and leads the outlet pressure to be automatically kept stable by relying on the energy of the medium. From the viewpoint of hydrodynamics, the pressure reducing valve is a throttling element with variable local resistance, namely, the flow speed and the kinetic energy of fluid are changed by changing the throttling area to cause different pressure losses, thereby achieving the purpose of pressure reduction. Then, the fluctuation of the pressure behind the valve is balanced with the spring force by means of the regulation of the control and regulation system, so that the pressure behind the valve is kept constant within a certain error range.
The water flow power generation technology in the prior art mainly utilizes fluid acting force to directly push a turbine to rotate, and a spherical rotating wheel is also adopted, so that an electromagnetic induction generator is driven to generate power, but the turbine is not specifically designed for the flow rate of water flow, particularly in a high-pressure large-flow (200-300 m/S) pipeline environment, high-pressure water flow can generate large impact on the turbine, the turbine can be possibly damaged, meanwhile, due to the fact that the water flow is not uniform, the electromagnetic induction generator is unstable in power generation when flowing through the turbine, the service life of a rechargeable battery of the electromagnetic induction generator can be directly influenced, in addition, the high-pressure water flow in the environment can also cause overload of a pressure reducing valve, and the service life of the pressure reducing valve can be reduced when the pressure reducing.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention adopts a design method of a centripetal turbine in an aircraft engine, introduces a turbine type power generation device into a pressure reducing valve, can generate power, can assist the pressure reducing valve to reduce pressure, reduces the burden of the pressure reducing valve, and provides the multifunctional pressure reducing valve suitable for large flow.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the multifunctional pressure reducing valve suitable for large flow is provided, and comprises a pressure reducing valve and a pipeline type generator, wherein the pipeline type generator is arranged in front of a valve body of the pressure reducing valve;
the pipeline type generator comprises a centripetal water turbine and a generator, the generator is connected with the centripetal water turbine, the centripetal water turbine comprises an upper casing, a lower casing and a turbine assembly, the lower casing is respectively provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, and the turbine assembly penetrates through the upper casing and the lower casing;
the turbine assembly comprises a centripetal turbine and a turbine shaft, the centripetal turbine is arranged in the lower casing, and the turbine shaft is connected with the centripetal turbine and the generator;
the water flow enters from the water inlet of the lower casing, passes through the turbine assembly, flows out from the water outlet of the lower casing and enters the pressure reducing valve body.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: high-pressure water flow enters from a water inlet of the lower casing and impacts the centripetal turbine, so that the centripetal turbine rotates and outputs power to the generator, meanwhile, the water pressure is reduced, and the water flow flows out from a water outlet of the lower casing and enters the pressure reducing valve body.
Furthermore, the turbine shaft is fixed in the upper casing through an upper pair of bearings and a lower pair of bearings, and a distance sleeve is sleeved on the turbine shaft between the bearings.
Furthermore, an elastic clamp is arranged on the bearing and used for preventing the bearing from moving.
Further, the water outlet is an S-shaped flow channel and gradually rises along the water outlet direction.
Further, entad turbine includes the volute, be equipped with entad turbine in the volute, state guide vane and encircle 360 evenly distributed of entad turbine, entad turbine is equipped with the guide vane of water conservancy diversion outward, entad turbine includes inner ring and outer loop, be fixed with rotatory big blade on the outer loop, still be equipped with the rotatory little blade of fixing on the outer loop between the big blade of arbitrary adjacent, the inner ring cover forms entad turbine's water inlet and delivery port on the outer loop, the both ends of big blade extend to water inlet and delivery port respectively, the one end of little blade extends to the water inlet, and the other end is less than the position of delivery port in axial direction, still be equipped with the screwed pipe of installation turbine shaft on the outer loop, the outer wall of inner ring passes through the screw thread and installs under in the machine casket.
Preferably, the diameter of the flow channel in the volute is from large to small according to the water flow entering direction.
Preferably, the outer wall of the outer ring is further provided with a labyrinth grid for reducing leakage of water flow from the high-pressure end to the low-pressure end.
Preferably, the guide vane is fixed in the under-volute casing, has a thickness in the radial direction greater than the caliber of the outlet of the centripetal turbine, and has an edge curved and rolled up so as to form a trumpet-like shape, which is provided for the purpose of collecting water flow.
Preferably, the large blade is bent in a space spiral shape along the radial direction and the axial line, and the small blade is bent in a space spiral shape along the radial direction and the axial line.
Preferably, the length of the small blade is one third to two thirds of the length of the large blade.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention is mainly suitable for the environment of high-flow high-pressure water flow, reduces the pressure while generating electricity through the pipeline type generator, and adopts a centripetal turbine structure to avoid the impact of the turbine directly facing the high-pressure water flow (200-300 m/S), the direction of the high-pressure water flow can be controlled through the guide vanes to continuously impact the centripetal turbine, the centripetal turbine adopts a flow structure with large and small vanes, the conversion rate of water flow potential energy is greatly improved by matching with the guide vanes, the generating efficiency is high (more than 86 percent), the pressure reducing valve can be assisted to reduce the pressure, and the burden of the pressure reducing valve is reduced.
The design method of the centripetal turbine in the aero-engine is creatively introduced into water flow power generation, the efficiency of the centripetal turbine is higher and reaches more than 86% compared with the mixed flow type and the diagonal flow type which are commonly used in the water turbine industry, the generator is designed into an upper casing and a lower casing integrated structure around the centripetal turbine, and the radial turbine generator has the advantages of compact structure, small size, flexibility and more convenience in installation, and has very high practical value.
The labyrinth type grid teeth are also arranged on the outer wall of the outer ring and used for reducing the leakage of water flow from the high-pressure end to the low-pressure end; the diameter of the flow channel in the volute is from large to small according to the water flow entering direction, so that the high pressure and the flow speed of the water flow can be always kept; the outer wall of the inner ring is also provided with threads for rotation, so that an additional installation and fixing mechanism is not needed, and the use and the installation are convenient.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a centripetal turbine structure 1.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a centripetal turbine configuration 2.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a centripetal turbine structure 3.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a centripetal turbine structure 4.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a centripetal turbine structure 5.
Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a multi-function pressure reducing valve suitable for high flow rates.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a multi-function pressure reducing valve suitable for high flow rates.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a radial inflow turbine.
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of a valve body of a pressure reducing valve.
The device comprises a volute 1, a guide vane 2, a centripetal turbine 3, a centripetal turbine 4, a centripetal turbine water inlet 5, a centripetal turbine water outlet 5, an upper casing 6, a lower casing 7, a generator 8, a centripetal turbine 9, a volute water inlet 11, a volute flow channel 12, a volute flow channel 31, an outer ring 32, an inner ring 33, a large vane 34, a small vane 34, a threaded pipe 35, a thread 36, a labyrinth, a turbine shaft 91, a bearing 92, a bearing 93, a distance sleeve 94, an elastic hoop 95, a nut 96, a nut 97, a pressure reducing valve body 100 and a flange sealing element 101.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments. Wherein the showings are for the purpose of illustration only and are shown by way of illustration only and not in actual form, and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent; to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 9, the embodiment provides a multifunctional pressure reducing valve suitable for large flow, which includes a pressure reducing valve and a pipeline type generator, and as shown in fig. 9, the pipeline type generator is disposed in front of a valve body 100 of the pressure reducing valve, and is specifically connected to a water outlet of the pipeline type generator through a flange sealing member 101;
as shown in fig. 6 to 7, the pipeline generator includes a centripetal water turbine 3 and a generator 8, the generator 8 is connected to the centripetal water turbine 3, the centripetal water turbine 3 includes an upper casing 6, a lower casing 7 and a turbine assembly, the lower casing 7 is respectively provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, the turbine assembly penetrates through the upper casing 6 and the lower casing 7, water flows into the lower casing 7 from the water inlet, passes through the turbine assembly, flows out from the water outlet of the lower casing 7, the water outlet is an S-shaped flow channel, and gradually rises along the water outlet direction;
as shown in fig. 8, the turbine assembly of this embodiment includes a radial turbine 3 and a turbine shaft 91, the radial turbine 3 is disposed in a lower casing 7, the turbine shaft 91 is connected to the radial turbine 3 and a generator 8, the turbine shaft 91 is fixed in an upper casing 6 through a bearing 92 and a bearing 93, a distance sleeve 94 is further sleeved on the turbine shaft 91 between the bearing 92 and the bearing 93, and an elastic clamp 95 is further disposed on the bearing 92 for preventing the bearing 92 from moving;
as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the present embodiment further includes a volute 1, a centripetal turbine 3 is disposed in the volute 1, a flow guide vane 2 for guiding flow is disposed outside the centripetal turbine 3, the centripetal turbine 3 includes an inner ring 32 and an outer ring 31, a rotating large vane 33 is fixed on the outer ring 31, a rotating small vane 34 fixed on the outer ring 31 is further disposed between any adjacent large vanes 33, the inner ring 32 is sleeved on the outer ring 31 to form a centripetal turbine water inlet 4 and a centripetal turbine water outlet 5 of the centripetal turbine 3, two ends of the large vane 33 respectively extend to the centripetal turbine water inlet 4 and the centripetal turbine water outlet 5, one end of the small vane 34 extends to the centripetal turbine water inlet 4, the other end is lower than the centripetal turbine water outlet 5 in the axial direction, a threaded pipe 35 for mounting a turbine shaft 91 is further disposed on the outer ring 31, a thread 36 is further disposed on an outer wall of the inner ring for fixing on a lower casing 7 for, the diameter of the flow channel in the volute 1 is reduced from large to small according to the water flow entering direction, the outer wall of the outer ring 31 is further provided with a labyrinth grid tooth 37 for reducing the leakage of water flow from a high-pressure end to a low-pressure end, and the thickness of the guide vane 2 in the radial direction is larger than the caliber of the water outlet.
The working principle of the embodiment is as follows: high-pressure water flow enters the volute 1 from the lower casing 7 through the volute water inlet 11, and impacts the centripetal turbine 3 under the guidance of the static guide vanes 2, so that the centripetal turbine 3 rotates and outputs power to the generator 8, meanwhile, the water pressure is reduced, and the water flow sequentially flows out from the centripetal turbine water outlet 5 and the water outlet of the lower casing 7 and enters the pressure reducing valve body.
The diameter of the flow channel in the volute 1 is set from large to small according to the water flow entering direction, the high pressure and the flow speed of the water flow can be kept all the time, the water outlet of the lower casing 7 is an S-shaped flow channel and gradually rises along the water outlet direction, and the time of the high-pressure water flow in the centripetal turbine 3 can be prolonged.
As shown in fig. 2, the guide vanes 2 are uniformly distributed around the radial turbine 3 at 360 °, and the edges of the guide vanes 2 are curved and rolled up to form a trumpet-like shape, which is provided for collecting water flow.
As shown in fig. 5, the length of the small blade is one third to two thirds of the length of the large blade, and the large blade and the small blade are spirally bent in space along the radial direction and the axial line.
In the embodiment, the guide vanes are uniformly distributed according to 360 degrees to form a channel for promoting the high-pressure water flow to rotate spirally, so that the high-pressure water flow forms regular centripetal gathering flow, continuously impacts the centripetal turbine to push the centripetal turbine to rotate, the turbine shaft on the outer ring is driven to rotate, and the turbine shaft is connected with the generator to generate electricity.
In this embodiment, the outer ring 31 is driven to rotate while impacting the outer ring 31, so a gap is formed between the outer ring 31 and the stationary guide vanes, and in order to prevent the high-pressure water from leaking to the low-pressure end from the gap, the labyrinth grid 37 is arranged on the outer wall of the outer ring 31 and sealed by the grid.
This implementation is mainly applicable to under the environment of large-traffic high-pressure rivers, through the pipeline formula generator, decompress when the electricity generation, and adopt centripetal turbine structure, avoid the direct impact of facing high-pressure rivers (200 ~ 300 mS) of turbine, can control the direction of high-pressure rivers through guide vane, constantly strike centripetal turbine, centripetal turbine has then adopted the flow structure of big or small blade, cooperation guide vane has greatly improved the conversion rate of rivers potential energy, not only the generating efficiency is high (more than 86%), and can assist the relief pressure valve to decompress, the burden of relief pressure valve has been alleviateed.
The embodiment adopts upper and lower casing integrated form structure, has compact structure, small and exquisite nimble advantage, compares the hydraulic turbine of mixed flow formula and diagonal flow formula, and the volume is littleer, and it is more convenient to install, and practical value is higher.
In this embodiment, the guide vanes 2 are fixed in the lower casing by screws, and are adjustable or movable compared with the guide vanes in the existing water turbine, and the fixed connection can counteract the reverse impact force when the high-pressure water flow rushes to the large and small vanes.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection of the claims of the present invention.