CN107749080A - A kind of DEM immediate processing methods based on cloud data - Google Patents
A kind of DEM immediate processing methods based on cloud data Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T17/00—Three dimensional [3D] modelling, e.g. data description of 3D objects
- G06T17/05—Geographic models
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of DEM immediate processing methods based on cloud data, it is related to digital elevation model processing technology field.This method, by filtering out level land vector scope and waters vector scope, and DSM processing is carried out respectively, different processing can be carried out according to the characteristics of different vector scopes, for level land vector scope, batch processing, the ground point of separating most are carried out by batch processing software, and manual mode carries out Local treatment, the mode handled particular point；For waters vector scope, unified horizontalization is carried out using unified height value, so that DSM is converted into DEM more rapidly and efficiently, the solution of high-efficiency and economic is provided for a wide range of processing DEM.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to digital elevation model processing technology field, more particularly to a kind of DEM based on cloud data are quick
Processing method.
Background technology
Digital elevation model (Digital Elevation Model) DEM concept early in 1958 just it has been proposed that its
Numeral description and simulation as earth surface landform are to support the important component of whole world change and Region Sustainable Development.
Digital Terrain Analysis based on DEM has become part most characteristic in GIS spatial analysis, in mapping, remote sensing
And resource investigation, environmental protection, urban planning, diaster prevention and control and earth science research each side play an increasingly important role.It is high
The DEM of precision, is the important foundation data for supporting geographical process analog study, and the working process and compression accuracy of dem data are straight
Connecing influences the simulation effect and quality of research of correlation model and geographical process.
At present, dem data working process carries out the processing in single region, it is necessary to the technology of specialty typically in stereogram
Personnel, collecting efficiency is low, and labor intensive is larger, and cost is high.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of DEM immediate processing methods based on cloud data, so as to solve existing skill
Foregoing problems present in art.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
A kind of DEM immediate processing methods based on cloud data, comprise the following steps：
S1, according to DOM image maps and interpreted good DLG, filter out level land vector scope and waters vector scope；
S2, the DSM in the vector scope of level land is handled as follows：First by batch processing software by most
Millet cake is separated, and then ground point consistent to landform and concentrating on a small quantity without being isolated by software carries out man-machine interactive
Separation, individual other non-ground points are transformed in non-ground floor, finally give level land DEM finally by manual mode；Wherein, institute
Batch processing software is stated according to the method for building Triangulation Network Model repeatedly to be implemented；
S3, a unified height value is selected in the vector scope of waters, and the numerical value of the unified height value is fitted
When reduction, the unified height value being reduced, will wherein need all data of horizontalization according to the unified elevation of the reduction
Value carries out horizontalization, obtains the consistent lake pond DEM of height value；
Wherein, S2 and S3 can run also parallel processing step by step.
Preferably, S1 is specially：The DOM data obtained according to aviation or space flight, solution translate level land vector range data；
Solution translates house, road, waters and/or the DLG in greenery patches vector datas in image map data, from the DLG vector datas
Extract waters vector range data.
Preferably, in S2, described consistent to landform and a small amount of ground point concentrated without being isolated by software enters pedestrian
The interactive separation of machine, it is specially：Excluded to selecting the data in scope using abnormal elevation instrument is removed.
Preferably, it is described using the exclusion of abnormal elevation instrument is removed, be specially：A triangle is established with the point at earth's surface
Shape model, then compared with the height value of the triangle model, the point that elevation is more than setting height is considered as other points
It is that non-ground points are removed.
Preferably, in S2, the method for building Triangulation Network Model repeatedly, comprise the following steps：
A1, the initial low spot for selecting some to belong to ground point, initial delta model is established using the initial low spot；
A2, on the initial delta model, the new point of ground proximity is added, forms subaerial triangle mould
Type；
A3, the new point of more ground proximity is added, form the triangle model for being more nearly ground；
A4, A3 is repeated, triangle model is constantly earthward extended, until most ground point is separated.
Preferably, the initial low spot is selected as follows：The maximal side of building is set, with building
The point of peak interval maximal side be initial low spot.
Preferably, in S2, the parameter of setting includes：The maximal side of building, the gradient of overall landform, point and described three
Folder between the vertical range of angular model, the line of point and the closest approach in the triangle model and the triangle model
Angle, during Triangulation Network Model is built repeatedly, the distance and the angle are used to determine whether the point can be added to
In the Triangulation Network Model.
Preferably, the setting of the angle is typically using following rule：Use small value in flat country, in mountain region use compared with
Big value.
Preferably, S3 is specially：According to waters vector scope needing the data of horizontalization to choose, then select each area
The point of lowest elevation value in the face of domain, several meters are suitably dropped as each waters to minimum point height value according to the landform of periphery on the spot
Unified height value carries out unified horizontalization, so as to obtain that height value is consistent and height value is less than the lake pond DEM of periphery landform.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：A kind of quick sides of processing of DEM based on cloud data provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Method, by filtering out level land vector scope and waters vector scope, and DSM processing is carried out respectively, can be according to different vector models
The characteristics of enclosing carries out different processing, for level land vector scope, carries out batch processing by batch processing software, separates big portion
The ground point divided, and manual mode carry out Local treatment, the mode handled particular point；For waters vector scope,
Unified horizontalization is carried out using unified height value, so that DSM is converted into DEM more rapidly and efficiently, provided for a wide range of processing DEM
The solution of high-efficiency and economic.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of the DEM immediate processing methods provided in an embodiment of the present invention based on cloud data；
Fig. 2 is to carry out the design sketch before batch filtering；
Fig. 3 is to carry out the filtered design sketch of batch；
Fig. 4 is the design sketch for carrying out part filter before processing；
Fig. 5 is to carry out the design sketch after part filter processing；
Fig. 6 is the design sketch for carrying out indivedual abnormity point before processings；
Fig. 7 is to carry out the design sketch after indivedual abnormity point processing；
Fig. 8 is the design sketch for carrying out waters vector scope horizontalization before processing；
Fig. 9 is to carry out the design sketch after the processing of waters vector scope horizontalization.
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is entered
Row is further described.It should be appreciated that embodiment described herein is not used to only to explain the present invention
Limit the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of DEM immediate processing methods based on cloud data provided in an embodiment of the present invention, including such as
Lower step：
S1, according to DOM image maps and interpreted good DLG, filter out level land vector scope and waters vector scope；
S2, the DSM in the vector scope of level land is handled as follows：First by batch processing software by most
Millet cake is separated, and then ground point consistent to landform and concentrating on a small quantity without being isolated by software carries out man-machine interactive
Separation, individual other non-ground points are transformed in non-ground floor, finally give level land DEM finally by manual mode；Wherein, institute
Batch processing software is stated according to the method for building Triangulation Network Model repeatedly to be implemented；
S3, a unified height value is selected in the vector scope of waters, and the numerical value of the unified height value is fitted
When reduction, the unified height value being reduced, will wherein need all data of horizontalization according to the unified elevation of the reduction
Value carries out horizontalization, obtains the consistent lake pond DEM of height value；
Wherein, S2 and S3 can run also parallel processing step by step.
Wherein, DOM (Digital Orthophoto Map, digital orthophoto map), it is to aviation (or space flight) photo
Carry out Differential rectification and inlay, the digital orthoimage of generation is cut by certain figure amplitude range；
Interpreted good DLG (DigitalLineGraphic, digital line draw map) is comprising core topographic(al) feature (bag
Include settlement place, traffic, water system, isolated feature, pipeline, boundary etc.) vector data collection.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, S1 is specially：The DOM data obtained according to aviation or space flight, interpretation
Go out level land vector range data；Solution translates house, road, waters and/or the DLG in greenery patches vector numbers in image map data
According to extracting waters vector range data from the DLG vector datas.
In the present embodiment, in S2, described consistent to landform and a small amount of ground concentrated without being isolated by software clicks through
Row man-machine interactive separates, and is specially：Excluded to selecting the data in scope using abnormal elevation instrument is removed.The use
Remove abnormal elevation instrument to exclude, be specially：A triangle model is established with the point at earth's surface, then other points are with being somebody's turn to do
The height value of triangle model is compared, and elevation is taken as non-ground points more than the point of setting height and removed.
It is described to transform to individual other non-ground points in non-ground floor finally by manual mode in S2, it is to returning individually
The point for putting wrong layer carries out manual modification.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, in S2, the method for building Triangulation Network Model repeatedly, including it is as follows
Step：
A1, the initial low spot for selecting some to belong to ground point, initial delta model is established using the initial low spot；
A2, on the initial delta model, the new point of ground proximity is added, forms subaerial triangle mould
Type；
A3, the new point of more ground proximity is added, form the triangle model for being more nearly ground；
A4, A3 is repeated, triangle model is constantly earthward extended, until most ground point is separated.
Specifically, the initial low spot card can be selected as follows：The maximal side of building is set, with
The point of the peak interval maximal side of building is initial low spot.
In S2, the parameter of setting can include：The maximal side of building, the gradient of overall landform, point and the triangle
Folder between the vertical range of shape model, the line of point and the closest approach in the triangle model and the triangle model
Angle, during Triangulation Network Model is built repeatedly, the distance and the angle are used to determine whether the point can be added to
In the Triangulation Network Model.
Wherein, the setting of the angle is typically using following rule：Small value is used in flat country, is used in mountain region larger
Value.
In the present embodiment, S3 is specifically as follows：According to waters vector scope needing the data of horizontalization to choose, then select
Go out the point of lowest elevation value in each area surface, it is every suitably to drop several meters of conducts to minimum point height value according to the landform of periphery on the spot
The unified height value in individual waters carries out unified horizontalization, so as to obtain that height value is consistent and height value is less than the Hu Chi of periphery landform
DEM。
Specific embodiment：
According to the above-mentioned DEM immediate processing methods based on cloud data provided by the invention, to certain urban district SRTM according to such as
Lower step is handled：
Step 1, level land vector scope horizontalization processing, is implemented using following process：
B1, batch filtering process：DSM sorting algorithms in the vector scope of level land are by building Triangulation Network Model repeatedly
Method isolates the point in earth's surface, and this algorithm selects some low spots when starting, it is believed that they are at earth's surface, by setting
Building maximal side is put to control the selection of initial point.If the maximal side of building is 60 meters, program is thought every 60
At least there is a point at earth's surface in rice, also imply that the point is located at earth's surface.This algorithm application is chosen low
Point establishes initial model, and the triangle model of this initial model is most of low and ground, only peak contact earth's surface.Then
Algorithm starts to extend model upwards by adding new point repeatedly, and the point each added makes model more press close to earth's surface.Join repeatedly
In number distance parameter determine a point have it is how close can just be included into planar delta, that is, having between putting how close could participate in model, angle
Degree parameter is the maximum angle that the most subapical line of a point and triangle and triangle form plane, and whether point
Bring into earth's surface and determined by distance and angle., it is necessary to judge whether most after algorithm operation completion
Millet cake and non-ground points are separated, if continuing follow-up link, if not, needing to return to previous step modification accordingly
Parameter setting is untill big department's ground point and non-ground points are separated.
Design sketch before batch filtering is carried out using the above method as shown in Fig. 2 the filtered institute of design sketch such as 3 of batch
Show, the position in figure where the signified positional representation ledge of arrow.
From Fig. 3 and Fig. 2 contrast, it can be seen that：After carrying out batch filtering process, the level land region in Fig. 2 is deposited
Ledge (position as indicated by the arrows in the figure), most of (position as indicated by the arrows in the figure that all flattened in figure 3
Put), so, using method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, realize the most horizontalization to level land vector scope.
B2, part filter processing：The point for unanimously concentrating landform in the range of level land without being filtered away on a small quantity is chosen, and makes
With abnormal elevation instrument is removed, this tool algorithm is to establish an interim triangle model with the point at earth's surface, then
Compared with the height value of this triangle model, the point that elevation is more than setting height is considered as being non-ground others point
Point, so as to obtain more accurate dem data；
Using the above method carry out part filter before processing design sketch as shown in figure 4, part filter processing after effect
Scheme as figure 5 illustrates, the position in figure where the signified positional representation ledge of arrow.
From Fig. 5 and Fig. 4 contrast, it can be seen that：Ledge a small amount of existing for the region of level land is (in such as figure in Fig. 4
The signified position of arrow), all flattened (position as indicated by the arrows in the figure) in Figure 5, so, implemented using the present invention
The method that example provides, realize the horizontalization of the remainder to level land vector scope.
B3, indivedual abnormity point processing：Indivedual problematic points in the range of level land are chosen, are transformed in non-ground floor.
The design sketch of indivedual abnormity point before processings is carried out using the above method as shown in fig. 6, after indivedual abnormity point processing
Design sketch as shown with 7, the position in figure where the signified positional representation ledge of arrow.
From Fig. 7 and Fig. 6 contrast, it can be seen that：Level land region is left in Fig. 6 a ledge (arrow in such as figure
The signified position of head), flattened (position as indicated by the arrows in the figure) in the figure 7, so, carried using the embodiment of the present invention
The method of confession, realize the horizontalization to indivedual abnormity points of level land vector scope.
Step 2, waters vector scope horizontalization processing, is implemented using following process：
According to waters vector scope needing the data of horizontalization to choose, lowest elevation value in each area surface is selected
Point, minimum point height value is united suitably dropping several meters of unified height values as each waters according to the landform of periphery on the spot
One horizontalization, so as to obtain that waters height value is consistent and height value is less than the lake pond DEM of periphery landform.
The design sketch of waters vector scope horizontalization before processing is carried out as shown in figure 8, waters vector scope using the above method
Design sketch after horizontalization processing is as figure 9.
From Fig. 9 and Fig. 8 contrast, it can be seen that：The rugged Hu Chi faces shown in fig. 8 (are irised out in such as figure
Region in different color represent), flattened (identical color represents in the region irised out in such as figure) in fig.9, so,
Using method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, the horizontalization to waters vector scope is realized.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal disclosed by the invention, following beneficial effect has been obtained：The embodiment of the present invention carries
A kind of DEM immediate processing methods based on cloud data supplied, by filtering out level land vector scope and waters vector scope, and
DSM processing is carried out respectively, different processing can be carried out according to the characteristics of different vector scopes, for level land vector scope, is led to
Cross batch processing software and carry out batch processing, the ground point of separating most, and manual mode progress Local treatment, to special
The mode that point is handled；For waters vector scope, unified horizontalization is carried out using unified height value, so that DSM is converted into
DEM more rapidly and efficiently, the solution of high-efficiency and economic is provided for a wide range of processing DEM.
Described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should
Depending on protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of DEM immediate processing methods based on cloud data, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
S1, according to DOM image maps and interpreted good DLG, filter out level land vector scope and waters vector scope；
S2, the DSM in the vector scope of level land is handled as follows：First by batch processing software by most ground point
Separate, then ground point consistent to landform and concentrating on a small quantity without being isolated by software carries out man-machine interactive point
From individual other non-ground points are transformed in non-ground floor finally by manual mode, finally give level land DEM；Wherein, it is described
Batch processing software is implemented according to the method for building Triangulation Network Model repeatedly；
S3, a unified height value is selected in the vector scope of waters, and the numerical value of the unified height value is carried out suitably
Reduce, the unified height value being reduced, all data for wherein needing horizontalization are entered according to the unified height value of the reduction
Row horizontalization, obtain the consistent lake pond DEM of height value；
Wherein, S2 and S3 can run also parallel processing step by step.
2. the DEM immediate processing methods according to claim 1 based on cloud data, it is characterised in that S1 is specially：Root
The DOM data obtained according to aviation or space flight, solution translate level land vector range data；In image map data solution translate house,
Road, waters and/or the DLG in greenery patches vector datas, waters vector range data is extracted from the DLG vector datas.
3. the DEM immediate processing methods according to claim 1 based on cloud data, it is characterised in that described right in S2
Landform is consistent and concentration carries out man-machine interactive separation without the ground point isolated by software on a small quantity, is specially：To selected
In the range of data excluded using abnormal elevation instrument is removed.
4. the DEM immediate processing methods according to claim 3 based on cloud data, it is characterised in that described to use shifting
Except abnormal elevation instrument excludes, it is specially：Establish a triangle model with the point at earth's surface, then other points with this three
The height value of angular model is compared, and elevation is taken as non-ground points more than the point of setting height and removed.
5. the DEM immediate processing methods according to claim 1 based on cloud data, it is characterised in that described anti-in S2
The method for building Triangulation Network Model again, comprises the following steps：
A1, the initial low spot for selecting some to belong to ground point, initial delta model is established using the initial low spot；
A2, on the initial delta model, the new point of ground proximity is added, forms subaerial triangle model；
A3, the new point of more ground proximity is added, form the triangle model for being more nearly ground；
A4, A3 is repeated, triangle model is constantly earthward extended, until most ground point is separated.
6. the DEM immediate processing methods according to claim 5 based on cloud data, it is characterised in that described initial low
Point is selected as follows：The maximal side of building, the point with the peak interval maximal side of building are set
As initial low spot.
7. the DEM immediate processing methods according to claim 6 based on cloud data, it is characterised in that in S2, setting
Parameter includes：The maximal side of building, the gradient of overall landform, point and vertical range, point and the institute of the triangle model
The angle between the line of the closest approach in triangle model and the triangle model is stated, is building Triangulation Network Model mistake repeatedly
Cheng Zhong, the distance and the angle are used to determine whether the point can be added in the Triangulation Network Model.
8. the DEM immediate processing methods according to claim 7 based on cloud data, it is characterised in that the angle
Set typically using following rule：Small value is used in flat country, higher value is used in mountain region.
9. the DEM immediate processing methods according to claim 1 based on cloud data, it is characterised in that S3 is specially：Root
According to waters vector scope needing the data of horizontalization to choose, then the point of lowest elevation value in each area surface is selected, according to
The landform of periphery on the spot suitably drops several meters of unified height values as each waters to minimum point height value and carries out unified horizontalization, from
And obtain that height value is consistent and height value is less than the lake pond DEM of periphery landform.
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| CN108898681A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-11-27 | 中煤航测遥感集团有限公司 | Digital elevation model processing method and processing device |
| CN111366172A (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2020-07-03 | 中国石油工程建设有限公司华北分公司 | Quality detection method and device of digital elevation model and storage medium |
| CN112184900A (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2021-01-05 | 北京四维图新科技股份有限公司 | Method and device for determining elevation data and storage medium |
| CN112233237A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-01-15 | 广州建通测绘地理信息技术股份有限公司 | Water area leveling processing method and computer equipment for manufacturing digital elevation model |
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| CN112233237A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-01-15 | 广州建通测绘地理信息技术股份有限公司 | Water area leveling processing method and computer equipment for manufacturing digital elevation model |
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