CN107748051B - Pendulum type medium-sized impact machine - Google Patents
Pendulum type medium-sized impact machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN107748051B CN107748051B CN201711134180.2A CN201711134180A CN107748051B CN 107748051 B CN107748051 B CN 107748051B CN 201711134180 A CN201711134180 A CN 201711134180A CN 107748051 B CN107748051 B CN 107748051B
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
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- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009863 impact test Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/08—Shock-testing
Abstract
A pendulum type medium-sized impact machine comprises a servo oil cylinder synchronous cutting board lifting device and a swing arm lifting and braking device. The former comprises a cutting board, a guiding part, a plurality of hydraulic servo mechanisms and a controller; the chopping board is connected above the base in a lifting manner through the guide component; the hydraulic servo mechanisms at least comprise two, each hydraulic servo mechanism consists of a servo oil cylinder and servo valves, the controller is electrically connected with each servo valve, and the piston rods in each servo oil cylinder are controlled to synchronously lift by simultaneously controlling each servo valve. The latter comprises a swing arm structure, a lifting mechanism, a brake mechanism and a control circuit; the rear end of the swing arm is fixedly arranged on a rotating shaft, and the lifting mechanism comprises a driving motor, a lifting disc and a clutch assembly; the clutch assembly comprises a telescopic pin body, and the pin body is propped against the swing arm relatively when extending out; when the lifting disc rotates, the pin body drives the swing arm to lift upwards; the brake mechanism comprises a first detection device and a brake actuator; the brake corresponds to the rotating shaft to brake the rotating shaft; the invention has high control precision and quick response.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to mechanical environment test equipment, in particular to a pendulum type medium-sized impact machine.
Background
With the rapid development of military and science and technology of various countries, the quality of military equipment products becomes more and more important, wherein the reliability inspection of the products is an important link of the quality inspection of the products. In order to verify the reliability of a product, an impact environment test stand (herein referred to generally as an "impact machine") is generally used to simulate the mechanical environment of the product subjected to impact to examine the structural strength of the product and the functional stability of the product.
According to national standard regulations, the machines, equipment, systems and the like of ships are subjected to strong impact under the influence of factors such as underwater explosion, close-range off-target gunfire and the like possibly encountered by the ships in the battle, so that extremely high requirements on the reliability, particularly the impact resistance, are required. Because the explosion belongs to destructive tests, the damage and waste of products can be caused by the tests on the ship equipment, so the pendulum bob of the medium-sized impact machine is adopted in the industry to simulate the strong impact of the ship equipment caused by the explosion.
The prior art has the following defects:
1. the product to be tested is positioned on the chopping board of the medium-sized impact machine, the impact energy is changed by adjusting the height position of the chopping board in the test process, the prior art adopts screw rods to adjust when the chopping board is lifted, and each screw rod is adjusted one by one manually in the adjustment process, so that the whole process can take a plurality of hours, the time and the labor are wasted, the operation is difficult, the adjustment error is larger, the adjustment consistency is difficult to maintain, the reliability is low, and meanwhile, the hidden danger of safety exists due to manual operation; 2. the pendulum lifting is completed by crane lifting, the single impact test period is long, the efficiency is low, the safety is low, and the height control of the crane lifting pendulum is not accurate enough; 3. the spring drum type brake is adopted for braking, so that the energy consumption is high, the braking impact is high, the braking force is not easy to adjust, and the braking response is slow and is not easy to control.
Therefore, how to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art is a subject to be studied and solved by the present invention.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a pendulum type medium-sized impact machine.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a pendulum type medium-sized impact machine is provided with a frame; the frame is connected with a servo oil cylinder synchronous cutting board lifting device and a swing arm lifting and braking device;
the servo oil cylinder synchronous chopping block lifting device comprises a chopping block, a guide part, a plurality of hydraulic servo mechanisms and a controller;
the cutting board is connected above a base of the impact machine in a lifting manner through the guide component, and the base is fixedly arranged on the frame; the upper surface of the table top of the chopping board is used for connecting and positioning a test piece, and an impact head is connected below the table top of the chopping board and is used for receiving the upward impact force of a pendulum bob of an impact machine;
the hydraulic servo mechanisms at least comprise two, each hydraulic servo mechanism is supported below the chopping board, and each hydraulic servo mechanism is equally distributed along the circumference of the center of the table surface of the chopping board; each hydraulic servo mechanism consists of a servo oil cylinder and a servo valve, the bottom of the servo oil cylinder is fixedly arranged on the base, and a piston rod of the servo oil cylinder extends upwards and is fixedly arranged below the chopping board table top;
the controller is electrically connected with the servo valves of the hydraulic servo mechanisms, and synchronously controls the piston rods in the servo cylinders to ascend and descend by simultaneously controlling the servo valves;
the swing arm lifting and braking device comprises a swing arm structure, a lifting mechanism, a braking mechanism and a control circuit;
the swing arm structure comprises a swing arm and a pendulum bob fixedly arranged at the front end of the swing arm; the rear end of the swing arm is fixedly arranged on a rotating shaft which is rotatably arranged relative to the frame; when the rotating shaft rotates, the swing arm rises or falls along with the rotating shaft;
the lifting mechanism comprises a driving motor, a lifting disc and a clutch assembly; the driving motor is fixedly arranged on the frame, and an output shaft of the driving motor is coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft; the lifting disc is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the driving motor, and a disc center of the lifting disc is positioned on an axis of the output shaft; the clutch component is eccentrically and fixedly arranged on the disc surface of the lifting disc and is linked with the lifting disc; the clutch assembly comprises a telescopic pin body, when the pin body extends out, the pin body is in abutting fit with the swing arm, and when the lifting disc rotates, the pin body of the clutch assembly can drive the swing arm to lift upwards through abutting action;
the brake mechanism is fixedly arranged on the frame and comprises a first detection device and a brake; the first detection device is arranged corresponding to the swing arm structure and is used for detecting the rotation value of the rotating shaft or/and the height value of the swing arm; the brake is arranged corresponding to the rotating shaft and used for braking the rotating shaft;
the control circuit is electrically connected with the driving motor, the clutch assembly, the first detection device and the brake; the first detection device is connected with the input end of the control circuit and is used for sending the detected rotation value of the rotating shaft or/and the detected height value of the swing arm to the control circuit; and the output end of the control circuit is connected with the driving motor, the clutch component and the brake.
The relevant content explanation in the technical scheme is as follows:
1. in the scheme, a plurality of guide parts are arranged, and each guide part comprises a screw, a guide sleeve and a connecting plate; the screw rod is vertically arranged, the upper end of the screw rod is fixedly connected with the table top of the chopping board, the lower end of the screw rod penetrates through the guide sleeve, and the guide sleeve is fixedly connected with the base.
2. In the scheme, the device further comprises a displacement sensor, wherein the displacement sensor is arranged in the servo oil cylinder and corresponds to the piston rod, and is used for detecting the displacement of the piston rod; the controller is electrically connected with each displacement sensor and is used for receiving detection signals of the displacement sensors.
3. In the above scheme, the controller adjusts the coil output current of each servo valve according to the difference value between the target value of the displacement of the cutting board preset by the system and the feedback signal of each displacement sensor, so as to control the pressure and the opening direction of each servo valve, and realize the synchronous action of each hydraulic servo oil cylinder.
4. In the above scheme, the controller comprises a singlechip and a servo amplifier, wherein the input of the servo amplifier is a target value of the displacement of the chopping board preset by the system, the feedback of the servo amplifier is a displacement value of a piston rod in the servo cylinder detected by the displacement sensor, and the input signal and the feedback signal are amplified into an adder through an operational amplifier respectively and then are amplified through power driving to drive a load (namely a servo valve) to work. The pressure and opening direction of the servo valve are changed along with the current of the valve coil, and when the servo oil cylinder reaches a specified position, the current of the valve coil is near a zero position; in the displacement adjustment process of the chopping board, the controller realizes the synchronization of the hydraulic servo cylinders by simultaneously controlling the servo valves.
5. In the scheme, after the power supply of the impact machine equipment is connected, the electric control cabinet is operated, the chopping board stroke is set according to the test requirement, the system stores the target displacement value of the chopping board, the synchronous lifting of each servo oil cylinder is realized through the controller, and after the servo oil cylinder reaches the designated position, the servo oil cylinder is stabilized at the designated position until the next operation instruction for changing the chopping board stroke is sent out.
6. In the above scheme, the driving motor is a hydraulic motor, and may be other motors with large torque.
7. In the above scheme, the output shaft of the driving motor is a driving shaft, and the rotating shaft is a driven shaft.
8. In the above scheme, when the first detection device detects that the rotation value or/and the height value reaches a preset value in the system, namely, when the height of the swing arm meets the test requirement, the control circuit automatically sends a control signal to enable the driving motor to stop working, and the state of the swing arm is kept through the pin body of the clutch assembly; then, when the control circuit obtains the input instruction and carries out impact test, control circuit control clutch pack's the pin body is retracted to release to the support of swing arm, but the axis of rotation free rotation this moment, the swing arm falls because of the dead weight takes the axis of rotation to the swing arm can upwards rotate again after the minimum under inertial action behind the pendulum bob of swing arm, strikes the bottom of impact machine chopping block.
9. In the above scheme, the first detection device is a photoelectric encoder, and the photoelectric encoder is arranged corresponding to the rotating shaft and is used for detecting the rotation value of the rotating shaft, so as to realize accurate control of the lifting height of the swing arm. The specific arrangement mode of the photoelectric encoder is not limited, and the photoelectric encoder can be flexibly mastered by a person skilled in the art.
10. In the scheme, the device also comprises a limit switch which is arranged corresponding to the limit position of the swing arm; the limit switch comprises a travel pulling piece and a contact point; the stroke shifting sheet is fixedly arranged on the periphery of the output shaft of the driving motor and rotates along with the output shaft; the contact point is fixed relative to the frame; when the stroke shifting piece contacts with the contact point along with the rotation of the output shaft, the driving motor is powered off to stop working, and at the moment, the swing arm is abutted and positioned by the pin body of the clutch assembly.
The limit switch can be used together with the photoelectric encoder as a first detection device. The limit switches can be arranged at two positions, and the two limit switches correspond to the initial position and the limit position of the swing arm respectively.
11. In the above scheme, the brake mechanism further comprises a second detection device for preventing the pendulum bob from secondarily impacting the chopping board; the second detection device is electrically connected with the input end of the control circuit and is arranged corresponding to the swing arm and used for detecting whether the swing arm generates redundant backswing or not. When the redundant backswing occurs, the second detection device sends out a feedback signal, and the brake brakes the rotating shaft through the control circuit, so that the swing arm is braked. The second detecting device may be a position sensor, or may be another position detecting sensor with similar functions.
12. In the scheme, the brake is a disc brake and comprises a brake disc, a gas-liquid booster cylinder, a filtering pressure regulating valve, an electromagnetic reversing valve, an oil separator and a plurality of brake plungers; the brake disc is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft, and the disc center of the brake disc is positioned on the axis of the rotating shaft; the air channel input port of the filtering pressure regulating valve is connected with an air source air channel, and the air channel output port of the filtering pressure regulating valve is connected with the air channel input port of the electromagnetic reversing valve; the gas circuit output port of the electromagnetic reversing valve is connected with the gas circuit input port of the gas-liquid pressurizing cylinder in a gas circuit manner; the oil way output port of the gas-liquid booster cylinder is in oil way connection with the oil way input port of the oil separator; the oil way output port of the oil separator is communicated with each brake plunger, and the brake disc is held tightly by each brake plunger so as to brake the rotating shaft; the electromagnetic reversing valve is electrically connected with the control circuit.
When the second detection device detects that the swing arm performs redundant swing back, the control circuit sends a control signal to the electromagnetic reversing valve, and the electromagnetic reversing valve is communicated with the filtering pressure regulating valve and the air passage of the air-liquid pressure cylinder so as to convey pressure oil to each brake plunger through the oil distributor through the air-liquid pressure cylinder, and the brake plungers hold the brake disc tightly for braking.
The brake is not only suitable for preventing the pendulum bob from carrying out secondary impact on the chopping board and overcoming redundant backswing, but also suitable for braking assistance by matching with the clutch assembly after the swing arm is in place when the swing arm is lifted.
13. In the scheme, the brake device further comprises a brake seat, wherein the brake seat is fixedly arranged on the frame and corresponds to the brake disc; the brake seat is provided with a clamping groove, and the brake disc is inserted into the clamping groove and rotates in the clamping groove; each brake plunger is arranged in the brake seat and is respectively arranged at two sides of the brake disc; when the brake brakes the rotating shaft, the brake plungers at two sides of the brake disc hold the brake disc tightly to brake the brake disc.
14. In the scheme, the pin body of the clutch assembly is driven by a linear driving mechanism to do telescopic reciprocating motion; the linear driving mechanism is preferably an oil cylinder, and can also be a screw nut mechanism, a linear motor and the like.
15. In the above scheme, a pin pulling pin is convexly arranged on the swing arm corresponding to the pin body of the clutch assembly, and the pin pulling pin is arranged parallel to the rotating shaft along the length direction of the pin pulling pin; when the pin body stretches out, the pulling pin is in abutting fit with the pin body, so that when the lifting disc rotates, the pin body can drive the pulling pin to move upwards together through abutting, and the swing arm is driven to lift upwards.
The pin pulling and pin body are in rolling friction, and the pendulum weight is huge, so that the service lives of the pin pulling and pin body can be prolonged through the rolling design of the pin pulling.
16. In the scheme, after the power supply of the impact machine equipment is connected, the electric control cabinet is operated, the lifting height of the pendulum bob (namely the swing arm) is set according to the test requirement, and the system stores the target height value of the swing arm; the driving motor is enabled to work by sending out an instruction, a pin body of the clutch assembly stretches out to hang a pull pin on the swing arm, and the lifting disc rotates to lift the pendulum; the display of the electric control cabinet displays the real-time height of the pendulum bob, and when the pendulum bob reaches the set height, the driving motor stops driving the lifting disc to rotate, and the swing arm stops lifting; then, an impact button on the electric control cabinet is pressed, a pin body of the clutch assembly is retracted, the pendulum bob is released to fall, and meanwhile, the rotary shaft is taken as an axis to rotate to impact the bottom of the chopping board; after the impact is finished, the system detects the position of the pendulum bob, and after a signal is detected, the swing arm is braked, so that secondary impact and inertial swing are prevented from being generated, and meanwhile, preparation is made for the next impact.
17. In the above scheme, the controller and the control circuit belong to the electric control system of the impact machine.
The working principle and the advantages of the invention are as follows:
according to the invention, on one hand, the lifting stroke of the chopping board is regulated through the plurality of hydraulic servo mechanisms, so that the accurate and rapid regulation of the displacement of the chopping board can be realized, the reliability and the safety of a system are improved, and on the other hand, the lifting and the releasing of the swing arm structure are realized through the cooperation of the hydraulic motor and the clutch assembly, the height of the pendulum bob can be controlled and monitored, and when the impact action of the pendulum bob is finished, the pendulum bob is automatically braked to limit excessive inertial swing of the pendulum bob, so that the safe and stable operation of the system is realized. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of advanced and reliable integral structure, simple and convenient operation, high synchronous control precision, high response speed and the like, accords with national standard regulations, can mount large-scale ship equipment on a chopping board for impact test, and can perform impact with large impact quality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of a servo cylinder synchronous cutting board lifting device according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a control schematic block diagram of a controller in a servo oil cylinder synchronous cutting board lifting device according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a front view of a swing arm lifting and braking device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the right side view of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure from the A-A direction of FIG. 5;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the B-B view of FIG. 5;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure from the C-C direction of FIG. 5;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the S-view angle of FIG. 5;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a brake actuator in a swing arm lifting and braking device according to an embodiment of the present invention (from a top view);
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a portion of a brake actuator in a swing arm lifting and braking device according to an embodiment of the present invention (from a front view);
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the side view of FIG. 12;
fig. 14 is a functional block diagram of a brake actuator in a swing arm lifting and braking device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the above figures: 1. swing arms; 2. a pendulum; 3. a rotating shaft; 4. a bearing seat; 5. a frame; 6. an impact head; 7. a drive motor; 8. a lifting disc; 9. a clutch assembly; 10. an output shaft; 11. a pin body; 12. a hydraulic cylinder; 13. pulling out the pin; 14. a photoelectric encoder; 15. a position sensor; 16. a brake disc; 17. a gas-liquid pressurizing cylinder; 18. a filtering pressure regulating valve; 19. an electromagnetic reversing valve; 20. an oil separator; 21. a brake plunger; 22. a brake seat; 23. a clamping groove; 24. a stroke plectrum; 25. a contact point; 31. cutting boards; 32. a guide member; 33. a hydraulic servo mechanism; 34. a base; 35. a table top; 36. an impingement plate; 37. a screw; 38. a guide sleeve; 39. a connecting plate; 40. a servo cylinder; 41. a servo valve; 42. a piston rod; 43. an outer foundation; 44. a floating foundation; 45. a foundation spring; 46. spring damper.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples:
examples: referring to fig. 1 to 14, a pendulum type medium impact machine has a frame 5; the frame is connected with a servo oil cylinder synchronous cutting board lifting device and a swing arm lifting and braking device;
1-3, the servo oil cylinder synchronous chopping board lifting device comprises a chopping board 31, a guide part 32, four hydraulic servo mechanisms 33 and a controller;
the cutting board 31 is connected above a base 34 of the impact machine in a lifting manner through the guide part 32; the upper surface of the table top 35 of the chopping board 31 is used for connecting and positioning a test piece (such as a ship), an impact plate 36 is connected below the table top 35 of the chopping board 31, and the impact plate 36 is used for receiving the upward impact force of the hammer 2 of the impact machine;
each of the guide members 32 includes a screw 37, a guide sleeve 38, and a connecting plate 39; the screw 37 is vertically arranged, the upper end of the screw is fixedly connected with the table top 35 of the cutting board 31, the lower end of the screw is penetrated in the guide sleeve 38, and the guide sleeve 38 is fixedly connected with the base 34. The bottom end of each screw 37 is connected to the connecting plate 39.
Each hydraulic servo mechanism 33 is supported below the chopping board 31, and each hydraulic servo mechanism 33 is equally distributed along the circumference of the center of the table 35; each hydraulic servo mechanism 33 is composed of a servo oil cylinder 40 and a servo valve 41, the bottom of the servo oil cylinder 40 is fixedly arranged on the base 34, and a piston rod 42 of the servo oil cylinder 40 extends upwards and is fixedly arranged below the table top 35;
the controller is electrically connected with the servo valves 41 of the hydraulic servo mechanisms 33, and controls the piston rods 42 in the servo cylinders 40 to synchronously lift by simultaneously controlling the servo valves 41.
Wherein, the device also comprises a displacement sensor (not depicted in the figure), which is arranged in the servo oil cylinder 40 and corresponds to the piston rod 42 for detecting the displacement of the piston rod 42; the controller is electrically connected with each displacement sensor and is used for receiving detection signals of the displacement sensors.
As shown in fig. 4, the controller includes a single chip microcomputer and a servo amplifier, the input of the servo amplifier is a target value of the displacement of the anvil 31 preset by the system, the feedback of the servo amplifier is a displacement value of the piston rod 42 in the servo cylinder 40 detected by the displacement sensor, the input signal and the feedback signal are amplified into an adder by an operational amplifier respectively, and then the load (i.e. the servo valve 11) is driven to work after power driving amplification. The pressure and opening direction of the servo valve 41 are changed with the current of the valve coil, and when the servo cylinder 40 reaches a specified position, the valve coil current is near the zero position; during the displacement adjustment of the anvil plate 31, the controller realizes the synchronization of the hydraulic servo cylinders 40 by simultaneously controlling the servo valves 41.
When the automatic control device works, the impact machine system is firstly powered on, then the electric control cabinet is operated, the stroke of the chopping board 31 is firstly set according to test requirements, the system stores target displacement values of the chopping board 31, synchronous lifting of the servo cylinders 40 is realized through the controller, and after the servo cylinders 40 reach a designated position, the automatic control device is stabilized at the position until an operation instruction for changing the stroke of the chopping board 31 next time is sent.
The outer foundation 43 of the pendulum type medium-sized impact machine is formed by pouring reinforced concrete, is sunk underground, has the upper surface level with the ground level, is hollow in the middle for storing the floating foundation 44, and is embedded with steel parts around the upper cross beam; the bottom surfaces of the outer foundation 43 and the floating foundation 44 are connected by foundation springs 45, and the peripheries of the outer foundation 43 and the floating foundation 44 are connected by spring dampers 46, so that vibration generated by impact is reduced. The base 34 of the servo cylinder synchronous cutting board lifting device is connected with the floating foundation 44 through a foundation screw by adopting a welding structure.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 5-14, the swing arm lifting and braking device is arranged corresponding to the chopping board 31; comprises a swing arm structure, a lifting mechanism, a brake mechanism and a control circuit.
The swing arm structure comprises a swing arm 1 and a pendulum 2 fixedly arranged at the front end of the swing arm 1; the rear end of the swing arm 1 is fixedly arranged on a rotating shaft 3, and the rotating shaft 3 is rotatably arranged on a frame 5 of the impact machine through a bearing seat 4; when the rotating shaft 3 rotates, the swing arm 1 rises or falls along with the rotation shaft; on one side of the pendulum 2 is an impact head 6, which impact head 6 is used to impact the bottom of the anvil 31.
The lifting mechanism comprises a driving motor 7, a lifting disc 8 and a clutch assembly 9; the driving motor 7 is a hydraulic motor and is fixedly arranged on the frame 5, and an output shaft 10 of the driving motor is coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft 3; the lifting disc 8 is fixedly connected with the output shaft 3 of the driving motor 7, and the center of the lifting disc 8 is positioned on the axis of the output shaft 10; the clutch component 9 is eccentrically and fixedly arranged on the disc surface of the lifting disc 8 and is linked with the lifting disc 8;
the clutch assembly 9 comprises a telescopic pin 11, and the pin 11 is driven to do telescopic reciprocating motion through a hydraulic cylinder 12. A pull pin 13 is arranged on the swing arm 1 in a protruding manner corresponding to the pin body 11, and the pull pin 13 is arranged parallel to the rotating shaft 3 along the length direction; when the pin body 11 stretches out, the pull pin 13 is in abutting fit with the pin body 11, so that when the lifting disc 8 rotates, the pin body 11 can drive the pull pin 13 to move upwards together through abutting, and the swing arm 1 is driven to lift upwards. The rolling friction is adopted between the pull pin 13 and the pin body 11, and the service lives of the pull pin 13 and the pin body 11 can be prolonged through the rolling design of the pull pin 13 due to the huge mass of the pendulum bob 2.
The brake mechanism is fixedly arranged on the frame 5 and comprises a first detection device and a brake; the first detection device is a photoelectric encoder 14, and the photoelectric encoder 14 is arranged corresponding to the rotating shaft 3 and is used for detecting the rotation value of the rotating shaft 3, so that the precise control of the lifting height of the swing arm 1 is realized. The brake is arranged corresponding to the rotating shaft 3 and used for braking the rotating shaft 3; the control circuit is electrically connected with the driving motor 7, the clutch assembly 9, the photoelectric encoder 14 and the brake; the photoelectric encoder 14 is connected with the input end of the control circuit and is used for sending the detected rotation value of the rotating shaft 3 to the control circuit; the output end of the control circuit is connected with the driving motor 7, the clutch component 9 and the brake;
when the photoelectric encoder 14 detects that the rotation value reaches a preset value in the system, namely, when the height of the swing arm 1 is judged to meet the test requirement, a control circuit automatically sends a control signal to enable the driving motor 7 to stop working, and the state of the swing arm 1 is kept through the pin body 11 of the clutch assembly 9; then, when the control circuit obtains an input instruction to perform an impact test, the control circuit controls the pin body 11 of the clutch assembly 9 to retract so as to release the abutting of the swing arm 1, at the moment, the rotation shaft 3 can freely rotate, the swing arm 1 rotates and falls down by taking the rotation shaft 3 as an axis due to self weight, and the pendulum 2 can rotate upwards again after passing through the lowest point under the action of inertia so as to impact the bottom of the impact machine chopping board 31.
Wherein the brake mechanism further comprises a second detection device for preventing the pendulum bob 2 from secondarily impacting the chopping board 31; the second detecting device is a position sensor 15, is electrically connected to the input end of the control circuit, and is arranged corresponding to the swing arm 1, and is used for detecting whether the swing arm 1 generates excessive backswing. When the redundant backswing occurs, the position sensor 15 sends out a feedback signal, and the brake is controlled by the control circuit to brake the rotating shaft 3, so that the swing arm 1 is braked.
As shown in fig. 9 to 12, the brake is a disc brake, and comprises a brake disc 16, a gas-liquid booster cylinder 17, a filtering pressure regulating valve 18, an electromagnetic directional valve 19, an oil separator 20 and four brake plungers 21; the brake disc 16 is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft 3, and a disc center of the brake disc 16 is positioned on an axis of the rotating shaft 3; the air passage input port of the filter pressure regulating valve 18 is connected with an air source air passage, and the air passage output port of the filter pressure regulating valve 18 is connected with the air passage input port of the electromagnetic directional valve 19; the gas circuit output port of the electromagnetic reversing valve 19 is connected with the gas circuit input port of the gas-liquid pressurizing cylinder 17 in a gas circuit manner; the oil way output port of the gas-liquid booster cylinder 17 is in oil way connection with the oil way input port of the oil separator 20; the oil way output port of the oil separator 20 is communicated with each brake plunger 21, and the brake plungers 21 are used for tightly holding the brake disc 16 so as to brake the rotating shaft 3; the electromagnetic directional valve 19 is electrically connected to the control circuit.
When the position sensor 15 detects that the swing arm 1 performs redundant backswing, the control circuit sends a control signal to the electromagnetic directional valve 19, and the electromagnetic directional valve 19 is communicated with the air paths of the filtering pressure regulating valve 18 and the air-liquid pressure boosting cylinder 17, so that pressure oil is conveyed to each brake plunger 21 through the air-liquid pressure boosting cylinder 17 by the oil separator 20, and the brake disc 16 is held tightly by the brake plungers 21 to perform braking.
The brake is not only suitable for preventing the pendulum bob 2 from carrying out secondary impact on the chopping board 31 and overcoming redundant backswing, but also suitable for carrying out brake assistance by matching the clutch assembly 9 after the swing arm 1 is in place when the swing arm 1 is lifted.
The brake comprises a frame 5, a brake disc 16, a brake seat 22, a brake control mechanism and a brake control mechanism, wherein the brake also comprises a brake seat 22, and the brake seat 22 is fixedly arranged on the frame 5 and corresponds to the brake disc 16; the brake seat 22 is provided with a clamping groove 23, and the brake disc 16 is inserted into the clamping groove 23 and rotates in the clamping groove 23; each brake plunger 21 is arranged in the brake seat 22 and is arranged at two sides of the brake disc 16 in a separated manner; when the brake brakes the rotating shaft 3, the brake plungers 21 at both sides of the brake disc 16 hug the brake disc 16 to brake the same.
The invention further comprises a limit switch which is arranged corresponding to the limit position of the swing arm 1; the limit switch comprises a travel pulling piece 24 and a contact point 25; the stroke pulling piece 24 is fixedly arranged at the periphery of the output shaft 10 of the driving motor 7 and rotates along with the output shaft 10; the contact point 25 is fixed relative to the frame 5; when the stroke shifting piece 24 contacts with the contact point 25 along with the rotation of the output shaft 10, the driving motor 7 is powered off to stop working, and at the moment, the swing arm 1 is abutted and positioned by the pin body 11 of the clutch assembly 9. The limit switch may be used in conjunction with the photoelectric encoder 14 as a first detection device. The limit switches can be arranged in two, and the limit switches correspond to the initial position and the limit position of the swing arm 1 respectively.
According to the invention, on one hand, the lifting stroke of the chopping board is regulated through the plurality of hydraulic servo mechanisms, so that the accurate and rapid regulation of the displacement of the chopping board can be realized, the reliability and the safety of a system are improved, and on the other hand, the lifting and the releasing of the swing arm structure are realized through the cooperation of the hydraulic motor and the clutch assembly, the height of the pendulum bob can be controlled and monitored, and when the impact action of the pendulum bob is finished, the pendulum bob is automatically braked to limit excessive inertial swing of the pendulum bob, so that the safe and stable operation of the system is realized. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of advanced and reliable integral structure, simple and convenient operation, high synchronous control precision, high response speed and the like, accords with national standard regulations, can mount large-scale ship equipment on a chopping board for impact test, and can perform impact with large impact quality.
The above embodiments are provided to illustrate the technical concept and features of the present invention and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement the same, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit of the present invention should be construed to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A pendulum type medium-sized impact machine is provided with a frame; the method is characterized in that: the frame is connected with a servo oil cylinder synchronous cutting board lifting device and a swing arm lifting and braking device;
the servo oil cylinder synchronous chopping block lifting device comprises a chopping block, a guide part, a plurality of hydraulic servo mechanisms and a controller;
the cutting board is connected above a base of the impact machine in a lifting manner through the guide component, and the base is fixedly arranged on the frame; the upper surface of the table top of the chopping board is used for connecting and positioning a test piece, and an impact head is connected below the table top of the chopping board and is used for receiving the upward impact force of a pendulum bob of an impact machine;
the hydraulic servo mechanisms at least comprise two, each hydraulic servo mechanism is supported below the chopping board, and each hydraulic servo mechanism is equally distributed along the circumference of the center of the table surface of the chopping board; each hydraulic servo mechanism consists of a servo oil cylinder and a servo valve, the bottom of the servo oil cylinder is fixedly arranged on the base, and a piston rod of the servo oil cylinder extends upwards and is fixedly arranged below the chopping board table top;
the controller is electrically connected with the servo valves of the hydraulic servo mechanisms, and synchronously controls the piston rods in the servo cylinders to ascend and descend by simultaneously controlling the servo valves;
the swing arm lifting and braking device comprises a swing arm structure, a lifting mechanism, a braking mechanism and a control circuit;
the swing arm structure comprises a swing arm and a pendulum bob fixedly arranged at the front end of the swing arm; the rear end of the swing arm is fixedly arranged on a rotating shaft which is rotatably arranged relative to the frame; when the rotating shaft rotates, the swing arm rises or falls along with the rotating shaft;
the lifting mechanism comprises a driving motor, a lifting disc and a clutch assembly; the driving motor is fixedly arranged on the frame, and an output shaft of the driving motor is coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft; the lifting disc is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the driving motor, and a disc center of the lifting disc is positioned on an axis of the output shaft; the clutch component is eccentrically and fixedly arranged on the disc surface of the lifting disc and is linked with the lifting disc; the clutch assembly comprises a telescopic pin body, when the pin body extends out, the pin body is in abutting fit with the swing arm, and when the lifting disc rotates, the pin body of the clutch assembly can drive the swing arm to lift upwards through abutting action;
the brake mechanism is fixedly arranged on the frame and comprises a first detection device and a brake; the first detection device is arranged corresponding to the swing arm structure and is used for detecting the rotation value of the rotating shaft or/and the height value of the swing arm; the brake is arranged corresponding to the rotating shaft and used for braking the rotating shaft;
the control circuit is electrically connected with the driving motor, the clutch assembly, the first detection device and the brake; the first detection device is connected with the input end of the control circuit and is used for sending the detected rotation value of the rotating shaft or/and the detected height value of the swing arm to the control circuit; and the output end of the control circuit is connected with the driving motor, the clutch component and the brake.
2. The impact machine of claim 1, wherein: the guide parts are provided with a plurality of guide parts, and each guide part comprises a screw rod, a guide sleeve and a connecting plate; the screw rod is vertically arranged, the upper end of the screw rod is fixedly connected with the table top of the chopping board, the lower end of the screw rod penetrates through the guide sleeve, and the guide sleeve is fixedly connected with the base.
3. The impact machine of claim 1, wherein: the servo oil cylinder is characterized by also comprising a displacement sensor, wherein the displacement sensor is arranged in the servo oil cylinder; the controller is electrically connected with each displacement sensor.
4. The impact machine of claim 1, wherein: the first detection device is a photoelectric encoder which is arranged corresponding to the rotating shaft and is used for detecting the rotation value of the rotating shaft.
5. The impact machine of claim 1, wherein: the limit switch is arranged corresponding to the limit position of the swing arm; the limit switch comprises a travel pulling piece and a contact point; the stroke shifting sheet is fixedly arranged on the periphery of the output shaft of the driving motor and rotates along with the output shaft; the contact point is fixed relative to the frame; when the stroke shifting piece contacts with the contact point along with the rotation of the output shaft, the driving motor is powered off to stop working.
6. The impact machine of claim 1, wherein: the brake mechanism further comprises a second detection device for preventing the pendulum bob from secondarily impacting the chopping board; the second detection device is electrically connected with the input end of the control circuit and is arranged corresponding to the swing arm and used for detecting whether the swing arm generates redundant backswing or not.
7. The impact machine of claim 1, wherein: the brake is a disc brake and comprises a brake disc, a gas-liquid booster cylinder, a filtering pressure regulating valve, an electromagnetic reversing valve, an oil distributor and a plurality of brake plungers; the brake disc is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft, and the disc center of the brake disc is positioned on the axis of the rotating shaft; the air channel input port of the filtering pressure regulating valve is connected with an air source air channel, and the air channel output port of the filtering pressure regulating valve is connected with the air channel input port of the electromagnetic reversing valve; the gas circuit output port of the electromagnetic reversing valve is connected with the gas circuit input port of the gas-liquid pressurizing cylinder in a gas circuit manner; the oil way output port of the gas-liquid booster cylinder is in oil way connection with the oil way input port of the oil separator; the oil way output port of the oil separator is communicated with each brake plunger, and the brake disc is held tightly by each brake plunger so as to brake the rotating shaft; the electromagnetic reversing valve is electrically connected with the control circuit.
8. The impact machine of claim 1, wherein: the pin body of the clutch assembly is driven by a linear driving mechanism to do telescopic reciprocating motion.
9. The impact machine of claim 1, wherein: the swing arm is provided with a pull pin in a protruding mode corresponding to the pin body of the clutch assembly, and the pull pin is arranged parallel to the rotating shaft in the length direction; when the pin body stretches out, the pulling pin is in abutting fit with the pin body, so that when the lifting disc rotates, the pin body can drive the pulling pin to move upwards together through abutting, and the swing arm is driven to lift upwards.
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| CN201711134180.2A CN107748051B (en) | 2017-11-16 | 2017-11-16 | Pendulum type medium-sized impact machine |
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| CN201711134180.2A CN107748051B (en) | 2017-11-16 | 2017-11-16 | Pendulum type medium-sized impact machine |
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| CN107748051B true CN107748051B (en) | 2024-03-12 |
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| CN110261055A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-09-20 | 中国人民解放军军事科学院国防工程研究院工程防护研究所 | A kind of large-scale precision impact test system |
| CN112051021A (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2020-12-08 | 哈尔滨三迪工控工程有限公司 | Pneumatic servo linear impact emitter |
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