CN107745133A - A kind of inexpensive environment-friendly preparation method thereof of Nanometer Copper - Google Patents

A kind of inexpensive environment-friendly preparation method thereof of Nanometer Copper Download PDF

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CN107745133A
CN107745133A CN201710926423.XA CN201710926423A CN107745133A CN 107745133 A CN107745133 A CN 107745133A CN 201710926423 A CN201710926423 A CN 201710926423A CN 107745133 A CN107745133 A CN 107745133A
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nanometer copper
water
alcohol
copper
solid
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CN107745133B (en
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陈小平
熊继海
石金明
夏嵩
桂双林
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ENERGY RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF JIANGXI ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/16Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes
    • B22F9/18Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds
    • B22F9/24Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds starting from liquid metal compounds, e.g. solutions
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/05Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
    • B22F1/054Nanosized particles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82YSPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y30/00Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82YSPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y40/00Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of inexpensive environment-friendly preparation method thereof of Nanometer Copper, methods described step are as follows:(1)Using soluble copper salt as raw material, the stirring that is added to the water obtains homogeneous solution, adds a certain amount of small molecular alcohol, stirs, and then in the case of stirring, adds alkali lye, continues to stir;(2)By step(1)In obtained liquid and solid be transferred in water heating kettle, 160OC to 200OUnder the conditions of C, after the h of hydro-thermal 6 to 12 h, room temperature is cooled to, is filtrated to get filtrate and brick-red sediment, it is with distilled water and ethanol that sediment undergoes washing is clean, 30~60OC is dried in vacuo 12~24 h, obtains Nanometer Copper powder.Nanometer Copper powder is prepared by the hot method of water alcohol in the present invention, and raw material is cheap and easy to get, and alcohol dosage is few, and main organic product is hydrochlorate corresponding to alcohol, be can be recycled, production cost is low.This method need not add poisonous reducing agent, green;Product is easily isolated and collected, and preparation method is simple, easily realizes industrialized production.

Description

A kind of inexpensive environment-friendly preparation method thereof of Nanometer Copper
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of inexpensive environment-friendly preparation method thereof of Nanometer Copper, belongs to Nanometer Copper preparing technical field.
Background technology
The development of copper nanoparticle is a key technology that possible bring copper revolutionary variation, has important theory significance and reality With value.The preparation method of industrial superfine cupper powder is mainly atomization and electrolysis.Atomization is that a kind of tradition is easy and effective Preparation method of nano material, but the anti-oxidant problem that the method runs into Nanometer Copper preparation process is difficult to solve always;It is open Number CN101818364A discloses a kind of preparation method of copper nanoparticle, and Nanometer Copper is prepared by electrolysis in this method Powder, and electrolysis high energy consumption, the copper particle being prepared are larger, and intermediate demand adds various organic reagent increase production costs And pollution environment.
Solution phase chemical reduction refer to use with certain reducing power reducing agent, by the bivalent cupric ion in solution also As far as zero-valent state, different-grain diameter rank, uniform powder are obtained by controlling various technological parameters.Liquid phase reduction is prepared and received Rice copper powder has the advantages of its is unique, and such as equipment is simple, technological process is short, easy industrialized production, but is up to the present all difficult to Large-scale industrial production is carried out, is primarily due to add some reducing agents such as formaldehyde, sodium hypophosphite, boron hydride(It is open Number CN101372037A), hydrazine hydrate(Haitao Zhu et al. Nanotechnology, 2005, 16: 3079), it is organic Reducing agent(Publication number CN102941350B, CN102586800A)Etc. that can cause, its production cost is too high, while some of which Reducing agent has severe toxicity, and post processing cost is high, and some reducing powers are poor, Cu2+Reduction is not thorough and cannot get pure Nanometer Copper etc..
The hot method of polyalcohol is solvent and reducing agent using polyalcohol, and the presoma for being heated to certain temperature reducing metal salt comes Prepare a kind of method of metal nanoparticle.Crystal nucleation and growth course are separated in this method, can be real by changing Condition is tested to control the size of nano particle and distribution, the polyalcohol for such reaction is usually using ethylene glycol as representative (Journal of Materials Chemistry, 1993, 3(6): 627-632).The hot method reduction of ethylene glycol prepares nanometer The dominant mechanism of metal simple-substance is that ethylene glycol decomposes generation acetaldehyde at high temperature, and acetaldehyde has strong reducing property, by metal ion also Originally it was metal simple-substance.It is solvent to open the report such as bright with ethanol, adds NaOH and CuSO4, 200OIt is anti-that ethanol heat is carried out under the conditions of C A nanometer Cu should can be prepared(Qinghai Normal University's journal, 2005 (2): 26-28), but in preparation process, generation Acetic acid sodium crystal, it is unfavorable for mass transfer, hinders reaction effectively to carry out, and be difficult to separate with Nanometer Copper powder, solvent is all ethanol, system Standby cost is high.
The content of the invention
The object of the present invention is to the defects of in order to improve the high pollution of Nanometer Copper traditional preparation methods, high energy consumption, high production cost, The present invention provides a kind of inexpensive environment-friendly preparation method thereof of Nanometer Copper.
The technical scheme that the present invention realizes is as follows:A kind of inexpensive environment-friendly preparation method thereof of Nanometer Copper, methods described pass through Nanometer Copper powder is prepared in the hot method of water-alcohol, and step is as follows:
(1)Using soluble copper salt as raw material, the stirring that is added to the water obtains homogeneous solution, adds a certain amount of small molecular alcohol, Stir, then in the case of stirring, add alkali lye, continue to stir.
(2)By step(1)In obtained liquid and solid be transferred in water heating kettle, 160OC to 200OUnder the conditions of C, water After heat 6 h to 12 h, room temperature is cooled to, is filtrated to get filtrate and brick-red sediment, with distilled water and ethanol by sediment Clean up, 30~60OC is dried in vacuo 12~24 h, obtains Nanometer Copper powder.
Described alcohol is methanol, one kind in ethanol or mixture.
Described soluble copper salt is copper sulphate, copper nitrate, copper chloride, one or several kinds of mixtures of copper acetate.
Described alkali lye is sodium hydroxide, one kind in potassium hydroxide solution or mixed liquor.
The mol ratio of the copper and alcohol is 1/5-1/1, and the volume ratio of alcohol and water is 1/10-1/1.
The concentration of the alkali lye is 0.01-5 mol/L, and the amount ratio of the material of alcohol and alkali is 1/1-1/2.
The vacuum drying temperature is 30-60OC, drying time be:12-36 h.
The invention has the advantages that Nanometer Copper powder is prepared by the hot method of water-alcohol in the present invention, raw material is inexpensively easy , alcohol dosage is few, and main organic product is hydrochlorate corresponding to alcohol, be can be recycled, production cost is low.This method need not Poisonous reducing agent is added, it is green;Product is easily isolated and collected, and preparation method and technical process are simple, easily realizes industry Metaplasia is produced.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the inexpensive environment-friendly preparation method thereof flow chart of Nanometer Copper of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the XRD that the hot method of water-ethanol prepares Nanometer Copper.
Embodiment
The specific embodiment of the invention is as shown in Figure 1.
Embodiment 1:
(1)0.004 mol cupric sulfate pentahydrates are taken, are dissolved in 25 ml water, are stirred to uniform solution, add 25 ml ethanol, 25 Ml concentration is 2.5 mol/L NaOH solution, stirs 1 h.
(2)Mixing liquid obtained above and solid are transferred in water heating kettle, in an oven 160OKept under the conditions of C 12 h, are cooled to normal temperature.
(3)Mixing liquid and solid in reactor, filtered to obtain filtrate and solid, solid washs through water and ethanol Afterwards, 40OC is dried in vacuo 24 h, obtains Nanometer Copper powder.
Gained Nanometer Copper powder, through X-ray diffraction, as shown in Fig. 2 being only to go out at 43.3,50.4,74.0 degree in the angle of diffraction Existing diffraction, illustrates that the material that the hot method of water-ethanol is prepared is Nanometer Copper.
Embodiment 2:
(1)0.003 mol nitrate trihydrate copper is taken, is dissolved in 25 ml water, is stirred to uniform solution, adds 15 ml ethanol, 15 The mol/L NaOH solution of ml 2.0, stir 2 h.
(2)Mixing liquid obtained above and solid are transferred in water heating kettle, in an oven 180O8 are kept under the conditions of C H, it is cooled to normal temperature.
(3)Mixing liquid and solid in reactor, filtered to obtain filtrate and solid, solid washs through water and ethanol Afterwards, 50OC is dried in vacuo 24 h, obtains Nanometer Copper powder.
Embodiment 3:
(1)0.002 mol copper chlorides are taken, are dissolved in 25 ml water, stirs to uniform solution, adds 15 ml ethanol, 10 ml 1.5 mol/L NaOH solution, stir 2 h.
(2)Mixing liquid obtained above and solid are transferred in water heating kettle, in an oven 200OKept under the conditions of C 10 h, are cooled to normal temperature.
(3)Mixing liquid and solid in reactor, filtered to obtain filtrate and solid, solid washs through water and ethanol Afterwards, 30OC is dried in vacuo 36 h, obtains Nanometer Copper powder.
Embodiment 4:
(1)0.001 mol copper acetates are taken, are dissolved in 25 ml water, stirs to uniform solution, adds 10 ml ethanol, 20 ml 1.0 mol/L NaOH solution, stir 2 h.
(2)Mixing liquid obtained above and solid are transferred in water heating kettle, in an oven 200O6 are kept under the conditions of C H, it is cooled to normal temperature.
(3)Mixing liquid and solid in reactor, filtered to obtain filtrate and solid, solid washs through water and ethanol Afterwards, 60OC is dried in vacuo 12 h, obtains Nanometer Copper powder.
Embodiment 5:
(1)0.004 mol cupric sulfate pentahydrates are taken, are dissolved in 25 ml water, are stirred to uniform solution, add 25 ml methanol, 25 Ml concentration is 2.5 mol/L NaOH solution, stirs 2 h.
(2)Mixing liquid obtained above and solid are transferred in water heating kettle, in an oven 160OKept under the conditions of C 16 h, are cooled to normal temperature.
(3)Mixing liquid and solid in reactor, filtered to obtain filtrate and solid, solid washs through water and ethanol Afterwards, 40OC is dried in vacuo 24 h, obtains Nanometer Copper powder.
Embodiment 6:
(1)0.003 mol nitrate trihydrate copper is taken, is dissolved in 25 ml water, is stirred to uniform solution, adds 15 ml methanol, 15 The mol/L NaOH solution of ml 2.0, stir 2 h.
(2)Mixing liquid obtained above and solid are transferred in water heating kettle, in an oven 180O18 are kept under the conditions of C H, it is cooled to normal temperature.
(3)Mixing liquid and solid in reactor, filtered to obtain filtrate and solid, solid washs through water and ethanol Afterwards, 30OC is dried in vacuo 24 h, obtains Nanometer Copper powder.
Embodiment 7:
(1)0.002 mol copper chlorides are taken, are dissolved in 25 ml water, stirs to uniform solution, adds 15 ml methanol, 10 ml 1.5 mol/L NaOH solution, stir 2 h.
(2)Mixing liquid obtained above and solid are transferred in water heating kettle, in an oven 180O20 are kept under the conditions of C H, it is cooled to normal temperature.
(3)Mixing liquid and solid in reactor, filtered to obtain filtrate and solid, solid washs through water and ethanol Afterwards, 40OC is dried in vacuo 24 h, obtains Nanometer Copper powder.
Embodiment 8:
(1)0.001 mol copper acetates are taken, are dissolved in 25 ml water, stirs to uniform solution, adds 10 ml methanol, 20 ml 1.0 mol/L NaOH solution, stir 2 h.
(2)Mixing liquid obtained above and solid are transferred in water heating kettle, in an oven 200OKept under the conditions of C 16 h, are cooled to normal temperature.
(3)Mixing liquid and solid in reactor, filtered to obtain filtrate and solid, solid washs through water and ethanol Afterwards, 50OC is dried in vacuo 18 h, obtains Nanometer Copper powder.
Embodiment 9:
(1)0.004 mol cupric sulfate pentahydrates are taken, are dissolved in 25 ml water, stirs to uniform solution, adds 15 ml ethanol and 10 Ml methanol, 25 ml concentration are 2.5 mol/L NaOH solution, stir 2 h.
(2)Mixing liquid obtained above and solid are transferred in water heating kettle, in an oven 180OKept under the conditions of C 14 h, are cooled to normal temperature.
(3)Mixing liquid and solid in reactor, filtered to obtain filtrate and solid, solid washs through water and ethanol Afterwards, 40OC is dried in vacuo 24 h, obtains Nanometer Copper powder.
Embodiment 10:
(1)0.003 mol nitrate trihydrates copper and 0.001 mol nitrate trihydrate copper are taken, is dissolved in 25 ml water, is stirred to homogeneous molten Liquid, 25 ml ethanol are added, the mol/L NaOH solution of ml 2.0, stir 2 h.
(2)Mixing liquid obtained above and solid are transferred in water heating kettle, in an oven 180OKept under the conditions of C 24 h, are cooled to normal temperature.
(3)Mixing liquid and solid in reactor, filtered to obtain filtrate and solid, solid washs through water and ethanol Afterwards, 50OC is dried in vacuo 24 h, obtains Nanometer Copper powder.
Embodiment 11:
(1)0.001 mol copper chlorides and 0.001 mol copper acetates are taken, is dissolved in 25 ml water, stirs to uniform solution, adds 15 ml ethanol, the mol/L NaOH solution of 10 ml 1.5, stir 2 h.
(2)Mixing liquid obtained above and solid are transferred in water heating kettle, in an oven 200OKept under the conditions of C 16 h, are cooled to normal temperature.
(3)Mixing liquid and solid in reactor, filtered to obtain filtrate and solid, solid washs through water and ethanol Afterwards, 60OC is dried in vacuo 10 h, obtains Nanometer Copper powder.
Embodiment 12:
(1)0.001 mol nitrate trihydrates copper and 0.002 mol copper acetates are taken, is dissolved in 25 ml water, stirs to uniform solution, 10 ml ethanol and 5 ml methanol are added, the mol/L NaOH solution of 15 ml 2.0, stir 2 h.
(2)Mixing liquid obtained above and solid are transferred in water heating kettle, in an oven 180OKept under the conditions of C 18 h, are cooled to normal temperature.
(3)Mixing liquid and solid in reactor, filtered to obtain filtrate and solid, solid washs through water and ethanol Afterwards, 30OC is dried in vacuo 36 h, obtains Nanometer Copper powder.

Claims (7)

1. the inexpensive environment-friendly preparation method thereof of a kind of Nanometer Copper, it is characterised in that methods described is prepared by the hot method of water-alcohol Nanometer Copper powder, step are as follows:
(1)Using soluble copper salt as raw material, the stirring that is added to the water obtains homogeneous solution, adds a certain amount of small molecular alcohol, Stir, then in the case of stirring, add alkali lye, continue to stir;
(2)By step(1)In obtained liquid and solid be transferred in water heating kettle, 160OC to 200OUnder the conditions of C, hydro-thermal 6 After h to 12 h, room temperature is cooled to, is filtrated to get filtrate and brick-red sediment, with distilled water and ethanol by sediment undergoes washing Totally, 30-60OC is dried in vacuo 12~24 h, obtains Nanometer Copper powder.
2. the inexpensive environment-friendly preparation method thereof of a kind of Nanometer Copper according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described alcohol is One kind or mixture in methanol, ethanol.
3. the inexpensive environment-friendly preparation method thereof of a kind of Nanometer Copper according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described is solvable Property mantoquita be copper sulphate, copper nitrate, copper chloride, one or several kinds of mixtures of copper acetate.
A kind of 4. inexpensive environment-friendly preparation method thereof of Nanometer Copper according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described alkali lye For one kind or mixed liquor in sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide solution.
5. the inexpensive environment-friendly preparation method thereof of a kind of Nanometer Copper according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the copper and alcohol Mol ratio be 1/5-1/1, the volume ratio of alcohol and water is 1/10-1/1.
6. the inexpensive environment-friendly preparation method thereof of a kind of Nanometer Copper according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the alkali lye Concentration is 0.01-5 mol/L, and the amount ratio of the material of alcohol and alkali is 1/1-1/2.
7. the inexpensive environment-friendly preparation method thereof of a kind of Nanometer Copper according to claim 1, it is characterised in that its feature exists It it is 30-60 DEG C in, the vacuum drying temperature, drying time is:12-36 h.
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Cited By (6)

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CN108311711A (en) * 2018-04-17 2018-07-24 江西省科学院能源研究所 A kind of environment-friendly preparation method thereof of nano nickel
CN110039069A (en) * 2019-05-30 2019-07-23 江西省科学院能源研究所 A kind of spongy Micron Copper Powder and preparation method thereof
CN110577234A (en) * 2018-11-07 2019-12-17 江西省科学院能源研究所 Preparation method of nano cuprous oxide
CN112391530A (en) * 2020-10-30 2021-02-23 江西省科学院能源研究所 Method for recovering copper in copper sludge
CN114346254A (en) * 2022-01-21 2022-04-15 重庆科技学院 Method for preparing nano copper powder in eutectic ionic liquid
CN114406280A (en) * 2022-01-21 2022-04-29 重庆科技学院 Method for preparing nano copper powder by taking chalcopyrite as raw material

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108311711A (en) * 2018-04-17 2018-07-24 江西省科学院能源研究所 A kind of environment-friendly preparation method thereof of nano nickel
CN110577234A (en) * 2018-11-07 2019-12-17 江西省科学院能源研究所 Preparation method of nano cuprous oxide
CN110039069A (en) * 2019-05-30 2019-07-23 江西省科学院能源研究所 A kind of spongy Micron Copper Powder and preparation method thereof
CN110039069B (en) * 2019-05-30 2021-05-14 江西省科学院能源研究所 Spongy micron copper powder and preparation method thereof
CN112391530A (en) * 2020-10-30 2021-02-23 江西省科学院能源研究所 Method for recovering copper in copper sludge
CN114346254A (en) * 2022-01-21 2022-04-15 重庆科技学院 Method for preparing nano copper powder in eutectic ionic liquid
CN114406280A (en) * 2022-01-21 2022-04-29 重庆科技学院 Method for preparing nano copper powder by taking chalcopyrite as raw material
CN114346254B (en) * 2022-01-21 2023-08-18 重庆科技学院 Method for preparing nanometer copper powder in eutectic ionic liquid
CN114406280B (en) * 2022-01-21 2023-10-24 重庆科技学院 Method for preparing nanometer copper powder by taking chalcopyrite as raw material

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