CN107741006A - 一种燃气分布式能源站 - Google Patents

一种燃气分布式能源站 Download PDF

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CN107741006A
CN107741006A CN201711168615.5A CN201711168615A CN107741006A CN 107741006 A CN107741006 A CN 107741006A CN 201711168615 A CN201711168615 A CN 201711168615A CN 107741006 A CN107741006 A CN 107741006A
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water
heat exchanger
oxygen
cylinder sleeve
drum
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沈锋
郭莎莎
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Ningbo And Shengda Energy Technology Co Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22STEAM GENERATION
    • F22BMETHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B33/00Steam-generation plants, e.g. comprising steam boilers of different types in mutual association
    • F22B33/18Combinations of steam boilers with other apparatus
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B43/00Engines characterised by operating on gaseous fuels; Plants including such engines
    • F02B43/10Engines or plants characterised by use of other specific gases, e.g. acetylene, oxyhydrogen
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B63/00Adaptations of engines for driving pumps, hand-held tools or electric generators; Portable combinations of engines with engine-driven devices
    • F02B63/04Adaptations of engines for driving pumps, hand-held tools or electric generators; Portable combinations of engines with engine-driven devices for electric generators
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22STEAM GENERATION
    • F22BMETHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/18Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
    • F22B1/1807Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines using the exhaust gases of combustion engines
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22STEAM GENERATION
    • F22DPREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
    • F22D11/00Feed-water supply not provided for in other main groups
    • F22D11/006Arrangements of feedwater cleaning with a boiler
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22STEAM GENERATION
    • F22DPREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
    • F22D11/00Feed-water supply not provided for in other main groups
    • F22D11/02Arrangements of feed-water pumps
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B43/00Engines characterised by operating on gaseous fuels; Plants including such engines
    • F02B43/10Engines or plants characterised by use of other specific gases, e.g. acetylene, oxyhydrogen
    • F02B2043/103Natural gas, e.g. methane or LNG used as a fuel
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/30Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P80/00Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
    • Y02P80/10Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12Improving ICE efficiencies
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种燃气分布式能源站,包括内燃机组、余热锅炉、膨胀罐、水循环装置及汽水装置;所述余热锅炉设有蒸发器、省煤器、热水换热器、汽包及排烟通道,所述汽水装置包括除氧器及闪蒸罐,所述水循环装置包括缸套水循环回路及外部水循环回路。本发明通过上述结构的设备,实现了烟气、水流及蒸汽的合理利用。在化工企业间实现冷热电互联互供,实现供给侧和需求侧的匹配,机组整体效率可达到90%以上。本发明设计合理,适合大规模推广。

Description

一种燃气分布式能源站
技术领域
本发明涉及余热锅炉余热废气回收利用装置,尤其涉及一种燃气分布式能源站。
背景技术
传统的能源结构面临调整,转变能源发展方式、调整能源结构、提离能源利用效率、促进低碳能源发展成为我国能源工作的重点。其中天然气分布式能源,是当今世界高能效、高可靠、低排放的先进的能源技术手段。
所谓“分布式能源”是指分布在用户端的能源综合利用系统。一次能源以气体燃料为主,可再生能源为辅,利用一切可以利用的资源;二次能源以分布在用户端的热电冷联产为主,其他中央能源供应系统为辅,实现以直接满足用户多种需求的能源梯级利用,并通过中央能源供应系统提供支持和补充。
目前在用的燃气分布式能源站普遍存在供给侧和需求侧匹配性差的问题,用户白天晚上冷热电需求不稳定,机组达不到满负荷运行,直接导致机组效率下降,导致机组盈利性差。
发明内容
针对上述现有技术的现状,本发明所要解决的技术问题在于提供一种匹配度高、降低成本的气分布式能源站。
本发明解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案为:一种燃气分布式能源站,包括内燃机组、余热锅炉、膨胀罐、水循环装置及汽水装置;
所述余热锅炉设有蒸发器、省煤器、热水换热器、汽包及排烟通道,在所述热水换热器下端设有热水出口及循环水进口,所述汽包设于蒸发器上方,所述热水出口与膨胀罐相连;
所述汽水装置包括除氧器及闪蒸罐,所述膨胀罐连接除氧器的凝结水口,所述闪蒸罐的闪蒸蒸汽出口与除氧器的加热蒸汽口相连,所述除氧器的放水管连接省煤器;
所述水循环装置包括缸套水循环回路及外部水循环回路,所述缸套水循环回路包括:设于缸套上的缸套循环水出水管道、缸套循环水进管道及缸套水板式换热器构成;
所述外部水循环回路包括:丙酮换热器、盐水换热器、水冷机及补水装置,所述膨胀罐连接连接丙酮换热器,所述盐水换热器及水冷机并联,所述盐水换热器及水冷机的一端通过管道与丙酮换热器的出水口相连,另一端通过管道与补水装置的出水管道汇合形成出水总管,所述出水总管通过缸套水板式换热器并连接所述循环水进口。
进一步的,所述补水装置包括软化水处理器、软化水箱、补水泵及控制阀,所述软化水处理器的进水口连接工业用水,所述软化水箱置于软化水处理器与补水泵之间,所述控制阀设于补水泵的一侧。
进一步的,所述除氧器与省煤器之间设有锅炉给水泵。
与现有技术相比,本发明的优点在于:本发明通过上述结构的设备,实现了烟气、水流及蒸汽的合理利用。在化工企业间实现冷热电互联互供,实现供给侧和需求侧的匹配,机组整体效率可达到90%以上。本发明设计合理,适合大规模推广。
附图说明
图1是本发明一种燃气分布式能源站的结构及流程示意图;
图2是本发明的余热锅炉的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的是实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
如图1-2所示,一种燃气分布式能源站,包括内燃机组1、余热锅炉2、膨胀罐7、水循环装置及汽水装置;
所述余热锅炉2设有蒸发器21、省煤器23、热水换热器24、汽包22及排烟通道25,在所述热水换热器24下端设有热水出口及循环水进口,所述汽包22设于蒸发器21上方,所述热水出口与膨胀罐7相连;
所述汽水装置包括除氧器4及闪蒸罐5,所述膨胀罐7连接除氧器4的凝结水口,所述闪蒸罐5的闪蒸蒸汽出口与除氧器4的加热蒸汽口相连,所述除氧器4的放水管连接省煤器23,所述除氧器4与省煤器23之间设有锅炉给水泵6。
所述水循环装置包括缸套水循环回路及外部水循环回路,所述缸套水循环回路包括:设于缸套上的缸套循环水出水管道、缸套循环水进管道及缸套水板式换热器15构成;
所述外部水循环回路包括:丙酮换热器9、盐水换热器11、水冷机10及补水装置,所述补水装置包括软化水处理器12、软化水箱13、补水泵14及控制阀,所述软化水处理器12的进水口连接工业用水,所述软化水箱13置于软化水处理器12与补水泵14之间,所述控制阀设于补水泵14的一侧。所述膨胀罐7连接连接丙酮换热器9,所述盐水换热器11及水冷机10并联,所述盐水换热器11及水冷机10的一端通过管道与丙酮换热器9的出水口相连,另一端通过管道与补水装置的出水管道汇合形成出水总管,所述出水总管通过缸套水板式换热器15并连接所述循环水进口。
具体的
烟气流程:
天然气进入内燃机做功发电后,产生约360℃的烟气,进入余热锅炉2的蒸发器21,省煤器23,热水加热器后通过烟囱排出
水循环流程:
内燃机缸套水与外部水通过缸套水板式换热器15换热降温后做闭式循环,缸套水从90℃降至70℃,外部水从68℃降至88℃。88℃的外部水进入余热锅炉2热水加热器升温至95℃后,进入膨胀罐7,一路进入丙酮换热器9,降温至88℃,再分别进入盐水换热器11和制冷机。回水与补水混合后回到缸套水板式换热器15进行升温,以此循环,补水是大工业水进入软化水处理器12,再进入水箱,通过水泵与回水管混合。
蒸汽流程:
厂区内130℃的热水通过闪蒸罐5产生0.02MPa的蒸汽,进入除氧器4进行除氧,余热锅炉2产生的蒸汽外供生产使用。进入膨胀罐7的另一路通往除氧器4,经过除氧器4的水流由锅炉给水泵6输送至省煤器23,再进入蒸发器21,通过蒸发器21并进入汽包22,最后从汽包22上端的蒸汽出口排出,供生产所需。
最后应说明的是:以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的技术人员应当理解,其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行同等替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神与范围。

Claims (3)

1.一种燃气分布式能源站,其特征在于,包括内燃机组、余热锅炉、膨胀罐、水循环装置及汽水装置;
所述余热锅炉设有蒸发器、省煤器、热水换热器、汽包及排烟通道,在所述热水换热器下端设有热水出口及循环水进口,所述汽包设于蒸发器上方,所述热水出口与膨胀罐相连;
所述汽水装置包括除氧器及闪蒸罐,所述膨胀罐连接除氧器的凝结水口,所述闪蒸罐的闪蒸蒸汽出口与除氧器的加热蒸汽口相连,所述除氧器的放水管连接省煤器;
所述水循环装置包括缸套水循环回路及外部水循环回路,所述缸套水循环回路包括:设于缸套上的缸套循环水出水管道、缸套循环水进管道及缸套水板式换热器构成;
所述外部水循环回路包括:丙酮换热器、盐水换热器、水冷机及补水装置,所述膨胀罐连接连接丙酮换热器,所述盐水换热器及水冷机并联,所述盐水换热器及水冷机的一端通过管道与丙酮换热器的出水口相连,另一端通过管道与补水装置的出水管道汇合形成出水总管,所述出水总管通过缸套水板式换热器并连接所述循环水进口。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种燃气分布式能源站,其特征在于,所述补水装置包括软化水处理器、软化水箱、补水泵及控制阀,所述软化水处理器的进水口连接工业用水,所述软化水箱置于软化水处理器与补水泵之间,所述控制阀设于补水泵的一侧。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种燃气分布式能源站,其特征在于,所述除氧器与省煤器之间设有锅炉给水泵。
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CN111139113A (zh) * 2019-12-19 2020-05-12 中国大唐集团科学技术研究院有限公司火力发电技术研究院 一种分布式能源站天然气加热系统
CN111139113B (zh) * 2019-12-19 2021-12-17 中国大唐集团科学技术研究院有限公司火力发电技术研究院 一种分布式能源站天然气加热系统

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