CN107740813A - A kind of composite excitation type radial direction magnetic bearing - Google Patents
A kind of composite excitation type radial direction magnetic bearing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107740813A CN107740813A CN201711008014.8A CN201711008014A CN107740813A CN 107740813 A CN107740813 A CN 107740813A CN 201711008014 A CN201711008014 A CN 201711008014A CN 107740813 A CN107740813 A CN 107740813A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- permanent magnet
- stator
- air gap
- radial direction
- rotor
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
- F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
- F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
- F16C32/0459—Details of the magnetic circuit
- F16C32/0461—Details of the magnetic circuit of stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
- F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
- F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
- F16C32/0459—Details of the magnetic circuit
- F16C32/0461—Details of the magnetic circuit of stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- F16C32/0465—Details of the magnetic circuit of stationary parts of the magnetic circuit with permanent magnets provided in the magnetic circuit of the electromagnets
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
- F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
- F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
- F16C32/0474—Active magnetic bearings for rotary movement
- F16C32/048—Active magnetic bearings for rotary movement with active support of two degrees of freedom, e.g. radial magnetic bearings
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of composite excitation type radial direction magnetic bearing, including rotor and stator, the rotor includes rotating shaft and rotor core, the stator includes stator excitation winding, permanent magnet, stator core and NULL, between the permanent magnet insertion stator core and NULL, the stator excitation winding is fixed on inside stator core, control air gap is formed between the stator core and rotor core, biasing air gap is formed between the permanent magnet and rotor core, the permanent magnet radial magnetizing or parallel magnetization, permanent magnet bias magnetic field is produced in the control air gap and biasing air gap, composite excitation type radial direction magnetic bearing disclosed in this invention is compact-sized, reliability is high, it can be applied to high-speed cruising occasion, suitable for high-speed rotor system.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to magnetic levitation technology field, more particularly, to a kind of composite excitation type radial direction of low idling consumption
Magnetic bearing.
Background technology
Magnetic suspension bearing be it is a kind of utilize adjustable electric magnetic support rotor, make disengaging Mechanical Contact between stator and rotor and reality
The high-performance bearing of existing system stable operation.Due to Mechanical Contact being not present between stator and rotor, without lubricant, simplify and safeguard
It is also beneficial to while formality to vacuum environment application；Rotor can reach very high rotating speed, improve by very little or none frictional force
The power density of system；Because magnetic suspension bearing by special control system accurately controls electromagnetic force, therefore its rigidity and resistance
Buddhist nun is adjustable, has high accuracy, high stability, high reliability.In addition, for conventional mechanical bearings, magnetic suspension bearing tool
Have the advantages that the low-loss, long-life, pollution-free, be particularly suitable at a high speed, the special application scenario such as vacuum and ultra-clean.
Magnetic suspension bearing can be divided into three classes by the free degree controlled according to magnetic suspension bearing：Simple Freedom Magnetic Bearing, two
Free degree magnetic bearing, multiple degrees of freedom magnetic bearing.In the high-speed rotor system of magnetic suspension bearing, rotated except rotor around itself
Outside one degree of freedom, five frees degree are controlled by magnetic bearing supporting system in addition.Single free degree magnetic bearing is mainly accused
Rotor processed unidirectionally moves back and forth in the axial direction, generally cod and independent use；Two-freedom magnetic bearing is then distinguished
Control radial level, the free degree of vertical both direction, generally journal bearing and two bearing fits uses；Multiple degrees of freedom magnetic
Three or more than three frees degree such as bearing control radial-axial, generally multiple axial directions, the permutation and combination shape of journal bearing
Formula.Radial direction magnetic bearing can be divided into three classes by two-freedom magnetic suspension bearing according to magnetic force presentation mode：Permanent magnetic radial magnetic bearing, electricity
Excitation radial direction magnetic bearing and composite excitation type radial direction magnetic bearing.Wherein permanent magnetic radial magnetic bearing rigidity is small, and bearing state is uncontrollable,
Be not suitable for large bearing capacity high power density occasion；For electrical excitation journal bearing because electrical excitation provides bias magnetic field, idling consumption is big,
It is unfavorable for the application of low-power consumption；The advantages of both permanent magnetic offset mixed radial bearings synthesis, permanent magnet is made full use of to provide inclined
Magnetic field is put, idling consumption is small, and state is controllable, and various informative.
At present, the structure of composite excitation type radial direction magnetic bearing comes with some shortcomings：Some structure electrical excitation magnetic circuit and permanent magnetism
Magnetic circuit is series connection, not only needs larger exciting current to produce electro-magnetic flux, copper loss is big, and electro-magnetic flux is to permanent magnet
Demagnetization is filled repeatedly, reduces the reliability of bearing；Some structure permanent magnetic circuits are had to by the silicon steel sheet laminated, in its path
The larger magnetomotive force of middle loss, causes the waste of excitation source；Some structures in order to by permanent magnetic circuit and electrical excitation magnetic circuit decoupling,
Using air gap as electrical excitation magnetic circuit beside permanent magnet, if air gap is excessive, electrical excitation is lost at air gap
Larger magnetomotive force, if air gap is small, permanent magnet leakage field is serious.
The content of the invention
It is in order to solve the above technical problems, in parallel the invention provides a kind of low-power consumption, compact-sized, electromagnetism and permanent magnetic circuit
Decoupling, can high-speed cruising composite excitation type radial direction magnetic bearing.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of composite excitation type radial direction magnetic bearing, including rotor and stator, the rotor include rotating shaft and rotor core, institute
Stating stator includes stator excitation winding, permanent magnet, stator core and NULL, and the permanent magnet is embedded in stator core and every magnetic
Between material, the stator excitation winding is fixed on inside stator core, and control is formed between the stator core and rotor core
Air gap processed, biasing air gap, the permanent magnet radial magnetizing or parallel magnetization, in institute are formed between the permanent magnet and rotor core
State in control air gap and biasing air gap and produce permanent magnet bias magnetic field.
In such scheme, the rotor core is identical with the length of stator core, and is lamination, using high intensity
Silicon steel material, thickness are below 1mm.
In such scheme, the permanent magnet includes 4 pieces of trapezoidal permanent magnets, is circumferentially uniformly distributed in 90 °.
4 control air gaps, stator excitation winding and forever are set in such scheme, between the stator core and rotor core
Magnet produces control magnetic field and bias magnetic field therebetween respectively.
4 biasing air gaps are formed in such scheme, between the permanent magnet and rotor core, biasing magnetic caused by permanent magnet
Lead to and produce bias magnetic field in biasing air gap.
In further technical scheme, the permanent magnet, stator core, NULL collectively form stator inner circle, and its
Internal diameter size is identical.
The present invention operation principle be：By permanent magnet provide hybrid radial magnetic bearing bias magnetic field, by stator excitation around
Group come provide regulation air-gap flux needed for control magnetic field.The path of permanent magnetic circuit is permanent magnet N poles → stator core → control
Air gap → rotor core → biasing air gap → permanent magnet S pole.Electro-magnetic flux path caused by stator excitation winding is stator iron
The heart → control air gap → rotor core → control air gap → stator core.Permanent magnet flux caused by permanent magnet through control air gap and
Bias air gap, the main biasing magnetic flux for producing normal open；Permanent magnetism, electricity excitation magnetic field are four caused by permanent magnet and stator excitation winding
It is superimposed or offsets in individual control air gap, collective effect produces the controling power of radial direction both direction in rotor core.
The Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection sense of current in stator can be with bidirectional modulation, by taking y-axis direction as an example, it is assumed that when exciting current is just
When, electricity excitation magnetic field direction is positive along y-axis, is produced in the opposite direction because permanent magnet bias magnetic field is controlled in air gap at two respectively
Magnetic field (it is assumed that the magnetic field of upper control air gap is upward along y-axis), two kinds of magnetic field linears are superimposed, and control the magnetic field in air gap to increase in y-axis
By force, the field weakening in air gap is controlled under y-axis, rotor core is by along the upward bearing capacity of y-axis；Similarly, when magnet exciting coil
Electric current for it is negative when, rotor core is by along the downward bearing capacity of y-axis.
It is of the invention compared with existing composite excitation type radial direction magnetic bearing, have the characteristics that：
(1) permanent magnet is located at stationary part, and rotor speed does not almost have any influence to it, is advantageously implemented high rotating speed.
(2) electrical excitation magnetic circuit and permanent magnetic circuit are in parallel, and decoupling performance is good；Exciting current influences small, magnetic to permanent magnet performance
The reliability of bearing is high.
(3) bearing overall structure is symmetrical, and radial direction all directions can meet the requirement of different bearer power, can not only meet to crouch
The demand of formula system bearing rotor gravity, can also be applied to vertical system.
(4) by electromagnetic design permanent magnetic circuit can be made to be not passed through yoke, greatly reduces the radial dimension of bearing, be advantageous to
Improve the integration degree of bearing arrangement.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
There is the required accompanying drawing used in technology description to be briefly described.
Fig. 1 is a kind of composite excitation type radial direction magnetic bearing schematic diagram disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the permanent magnetic circuit schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the electrical excitation magnetic circuit schematic diagram of the present invention.
In figure, 1, rotating shaft；2nd, rotor core；3rd, stator exciting coil；4th, permanent magnet；5th, stator core；6th, NULL；
7th, air gap is controlled；8th, air gap is biased.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation describes.
The invention provides a kind of composite excitation type radial direction magnetic bearing, and as shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, the bearing is low in energy consumption, structure
Compact, electromagnetism and permanent magnetic circuit parallel-connection decoupling, can high-speed cruising.
As shown in figure 1, be the present invention composite excitation type radial direction magnetic bearing structural representation, by rotating shaft 1, rotor core 2,
Stator excitation winding 3, permanent magnet 4, stator core 5, NULL 6, control air gap 7, biasing air gap 8 form.Permanent magnet 4 is located at
Between stator core 5 and NULL 6, permanent magnetic circuit is formed together with rotating shaft 1, rotor core 2.Stator excitation winding 3 is located at
In stator core 5, electrical excitation magnetic circuit is formed with rotor core 2.
The stator core of the present invention and rotor core portion use the silicon steel laminations material of high magnetic property, NULL
Can be according to selection copper material or aluminium be actually carried out, if the aviation aluminium of high intensity need to be used using Large Copacity occasion, if should
Brass material easy to process should be selected for Small And Medium Capacity occasion, rotating shaft can use high strength alloy steel, and magnetic property is without shadow
Ring.
In the present embodiment, the trapezoidal radial magnetizing of permanent magnet 4 or parallel magnetization, can form a loop, as shown in Figure 2.
The magnetic line of force, through stator core, control air gap, rotor core, biasing air gap, returns to permanent magnet S pole from permanent magnet N poles.
In the present embodiment, take size of gaps 0.4mm, centered on symmetrical structure.
Electrical excitation magnetic circuit of the embodiment of the present invention is as shown in Figure 3.The Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection sense of current in stator can with bidirectional modulation,
By taking y-axis direction as an example, it is assumed that when exciting current is timing, electricity excitation magnetic field direction is positive along y-axis, due to permanent magnet bias magnetic field point
Do not controlled at two and magnetic field in opposite direction (it is assumed that the magnetic field of upper control air gap is upward along y-axis), two kinds of magnetic fields are produced in air gap
Linear superposition, controls in y-axis magnetic field-enhanced in air gap, controls the field weakening in air gap under y-axis, and rotor core is by along y
Bearing capacity on axial direction；Similarly, when magnet exciting coil electric current for it is negative when, rotor core is by along the downward bearing capacity of y-axis.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments, professional and technical personnel in the field are enable to realize or using the present invention.
A variety of modifications to these embodiments will be apparent for those skilled in the art, as defined herein
General Principle can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, it is of the invention
The embodiments shown herein is not intended to be limited to, and is to fit to and principles disclosed herein and features of novelty phase one
The most wide scope caused.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of composite excitation type radial direction magnetic bearing, it is characterised in that including rotor and stator, the rotor includes rotating shaft and turned
Sub unshakable in one's determination, the stator includes stator excitation winding, permanent magnet, stator core and NULL, and the permanent magnet is embedded in stator
Between unshakable in one's determination and NULL, the stator excitation winding is fixed on inside stator core, the stator core and rotor core
Between form control air gap, biasing air gap, the permanent magnet radial magnetizing or flat are formed between the permanent magnet and rotor core
Row is magnetized, and permanent magnet bias magnetic field is produced in the control air gap and biasing air gap.
2. a kind of composite excitation type radial direction magnetic bearing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the rotor core is with determining
Sub length unshakable in one's determination is identical, and is lamination, and using high intensity silicon steel material, thickness is below 1mm.
3. a kind of composite excitation type radial direction magnetic bearing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the permanent magnet includes 4
The trapezoidal permanent magnet of block, is circumferentially uniformly distributed in 90 °.
4. a kind of composite excitation type radial direction magnetic bearing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the stator core is with turning
4 control air gaps are set between sub- iron core, and stator excitation winding and permanent magnet produce therebetween respectively controls magnetic field and biasing magnetic
.
5. a kind of composite excitation type radial direction magnetic bearing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the permanent magnet and rotor
4 biasing air gaps are formed between iron core, biasing magnetic flux produces bias magnetic field in biasing air gap caused by permanent magnet.
A kind of 6. composite excitation type radial direction magnetic bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 5, it is characterised in that the permanent magnetism
Body, stator core, NULL collectively form stator inner circle, and its internal diameter size is identical.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711008014.8A CN107740813A (en) | 2017-10-25 | 2017-10-25 | A kind of composite excitation type radial direction magnetic bearing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711008014.8A CN107740813A (en) | 2017-10-25 | 2017-10-25 | A kind of composite excitation type radial direction magnetic bearing |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107740813A true CN107740813A (en) | 2018-02-27 |
Family
ID=61237990
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711008014.8A Withdrawn CN107740813A (en) | 2017-10-25 | 2017-10-25 | A kind of composite excitation type radial direction magnetic bearing |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN107740813A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110486380A (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2019-11-22 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of heteropolar formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing of no stator tooth |
-
2017
- 2017-10-25 CN CN201711008014.8A patent/CN107740813A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110486380A (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2019-11-22 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of heteropolar formula permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing of no stator tooth |
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| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20180227 |
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| WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication |