CN107737404B - Neuromuscular electrical stimulation circuit of rehabilitation system and rehabilitation system - Google Patents
Neuromuscular electrical stimulation circuit of rehabilitation system and rehabilitation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN107737404B CN107737404B CN201710897841.0A CN201710897841A CN107737404B CN 107737404 B CN107737404 B CN 107737404B CN 201710897841 A CN201710897841 A CN 201710897841A CN 107737404 B CN107737404 B CN 107737404B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
- A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
- A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
- A61N1/36003—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation of motor muscles, e.g. for walking assistance
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
- A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
- A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
- A61N1/3605—Implantable neurostimulators for stimulating central or peripheral nerve system
Abstract
The invention relates to a neuromuscular electrical stimulation circuit of a rehabilitation system and the rehabilitation system. The neuromuscular electrical stimulation circuit of the rehabilitation system comprises a single chip microcomputer, an electrical signal adjusting module and an output interface which are sequentially connected, wherein the electrical signal adjusting module comprises a current adjusting circuit and a voltage adjusting circuit; the single chip microcomputer outputs a PWM signal and a control signal, the current regulating circuit receives the PWM signal and the control signal, current amplification is carried out on the PWM signal according to the control signal, the PWM signal after the current amplification is transmitted to the voltage regulating circuit for voltage amplification, and finally the PWM signal which accords with the neuromuscular electrical stimulation is output through the output interface. The invention can overcome the problem of current jump when the neuromuscular electrical stimulation signal is output.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of electronic circuits, and more particularly to a neuromuscular electrical stimulation circuit of a rehabilitation system and a rehabilitation system.
Background
Functional electrical stimulation of muscles is a commonly used rehabilitation system, belongs to the category of neuromuscular electrical stimulation, and is used for stimulating one or more groups of muscles by using pulse current with certain intensity through a preset program to induce muscle movement or simulate normal autonomous movement so as to achieve the purpose of improving or recovering the functions of the stimulated muscles or muscle groups.
However, the current of the electrical signal output by the neuromuscular electrical stimulation circuit of the existing rehabilitation system can only be adjusted according to the set gradient, and when the current of the output neuromuscular electrical stimulation signal is changed, the problem of current intensity jump exists.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, the invention provides a neuromuscular electrical stimulation circuit of a rehabilitation system and the rehabilitation system, which can solve the problem of current intensity jump of an output neuromuscular electrical stimulation signal.
The invention provides a neuromuscular electrical stimulation circuit of a rehabilitation system, which comprises a singlechip, an electrical signal adjusting module and an output interface which are sequentially connected, wherein the electrical signal adjusting module comprises a current adjusting circuit and a voltage adjusting circuit;
the single chip microcomputer outputs a PWM signal and a control signal, the current regulating circuit receives the PWM signal and the control signal, current amplification is carried out on the PWM signal according to the control signal, the PWM signal after the current amplification is transmitted to the voltage regulating circuit for voltage amplification, and finally the PWM signal which accords with the neuromuscular electrical stimulation is output through the output interface;
the current regulating circuit comprises a driving chip, and the voltage regulating circuit comprises a first adjustable transformer and a second adjustable transformer;
a first input pin IN1 and a second input pin IN2 of the driving chip are respectively connected with a first PWM signal output pin RA0 and a second PWM signal output pin RA1 of the single chip microcomputer; a third input pin IN3 and a fourth input pin IN4 of the driving chip are respectively connected with a third PWM signal output pin RA2 and a fourth PWM signal output pin RA3 of the single chip microcomputer;
PWM signals input by a first input pin IN1 and a second input pin IN2 of the driving chip are output to the first adjustable transformer through a first output pin OUT1 and a second output pin OUT2 of the driving chip; the PWM signals inputted from the third input pin IN3 and the fourth input pin IN4 of the driver chip are outputted to the second adjustable transformer through the third output pin OUT3 and the fourth output pin OUT4 of the driver chip; the first adjustable transformer and the second adjustable transformer are respectively connected with an output interface;
the common end GND of the driving chip is connected with a control signal output pin RE0 of the single chip microcomputer; the control signal output by the single chip microcomputer is used for controlling the power-on time duty ratio of the driving chip so as to adjust the current of the PWM signal output by the driving chip.
The invention also provides a rehabilitation system which comprises the neuromuscular electrical stimulation circuit.
According to the technical scheme, the single chip microcomputer outputs the PWM signal and the control signal through the single chip microcomputer, the electric signal adjusting module and the output interface which are sequentially connected are arranged, the current adjusting circuit amplifies the current of the PWM signal according to the control signal, the PWM signal after the current amplification is transmitted to the voltage adjusting circuit to be amplified, and finally the PWM signal which accords with the nerve muscle electrical stimulation is output through the output interface. According to the scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the PWM signal with any current intensity can be output, the problem of current intensity jump is effectively overcome, and the limb rehabilitation effect is favorably improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a neuromuscular electrical stimulation circuit of the rehabilitation system of one embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of an alternative embodiment of an electrical signal conditioning module;
FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of another alternative embodiment of an electrical signal conditioning module.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a neuromuscular electrical stimulation circuit of a rehabilitation system, comprising: the device comprises a single chip microcomputer, an electric signal adjusting module and an output interface which are sequentially connected, wherein the electric signal adjusting module comprises a current adjusting circuit and a voltage adjusting circuit.
The single chip microcomputer can output PWM signals and control signals, the current regulating circuit receives the PWM signals and the control signals, current amplification is conducted on the PWM signals according to the control signals, the PWM signals after the current amplification are transmitted to the voltage regulating circuit to conduct voltage amplification, and finally the PWM signals which accord with the neuromuscular electrical stimulation are output through the output interface. The current intensity and voltage of the PWM signal output through the neuromuscular electrical stimulation circuit should be within a range for electrically stimulating human muscle.
The control signal output by the single chip microcomputer can be flexibly adjusted, and the current intensity of the PWM signal can be flexibly amplified by the current adjusting circuit based on the control signal, so that the current intensity of the PWM signal output by the current adjusting circuit is not limited to change according to a fixed gradient, and the problem of jump of the output current intensity can be solved.
In an alternative embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the current regulation circuit includes a driver chip U0, and the voltage regulation circuit includes a first adjustable transformer L4 and a second adjustable transformer L5. The input end of the driving chip U0 is the input end of the current regulating circuit where the driving chip U0 is located, and the output end of the driving chip U0 is the output end of the current regulating circuit where the driving chip U0 is located.
Referring to fig. 2, a first input pin IN1 and a second input pin IN2 of the driving chip U0 are respectively connected to a first PWM signal output pin RA0 and a second PWM signal output pin RA1 of the single chip microcomputer; and a third input pin IN3 and a fourth input pin IN4 of the driving chip U0 are respectively connected with a third PWM signal output pin RA2 and a fourth PWM signal output pin RA3 of the single chip microcomputer. Further, the PWM signals inputted from the first input pin IN1 and the second input pin IN2 of the driving chip U0 are outputted to the first adjustable transformer L4 via the first output pin OUT1 and the second output pin OUT2 of the driving chip U0; the PWM signals inputted from the third input pin IN3 and the fourth input pin IN4 of the driving chip U0 are outputted to the second adjustable transformer L5 via the third output pin OUT3 and the fourth output pin OUT4 of the driving chip U0.
Furthermore, the first adjustable transformer L4 and the second adjustable transformer L5 are each connected to an output interface. That is, the secondary winding of the first adjustable transformer L4 is connected to the output port P1, and the secondary winding of the second adjustable transformer L5 is connected to the output port P2. The voltage of the output PWM signal can be flexibly adjusted by changing the proportion of the primary coil and the secondary coil of the adjustable transformer.
Meanwhile, the common end GND of the driving chip U0 is connected with a control signal output pin RE0 of the single chip microcomputer; the control signal output by the single chip microcomputer is used for controlling the power-on time duty ratio of the driving chip so as to adjust the current of the PWM signal output by the driving chip. The current intensity of the output PWM signal is not limited to change according to a fixed gradient, and the problem of jump of the output current intensity can be solved.
The current direction of the primary coil of the input adjustable transformer can be changed by controlling the conduction sequence of the PWM signal output pin RA0 and the PWM signal output pin RA1 of the single chip microcomputer. For example: when the PWM signal output pin RA0 of the single chip outputs a high level and the PWM signal output pin RA1 outputs a low level, the output pin OUT1 of the driver chip U0 outputs a high level and OUT2 outputs a low level, and the current in the primary coil of the first adjustable transformer L4 flows from OUT1 to OUT 2. On the contrary, when the output of the PWM signal output pin RA0 of the single chip microcomputer is at a low level and the output of the PWM signal output pin RA1 is at a high level, the current direction in the primary coil of the first adjustable transformer L4 flows from OUT2 to OUT1, thereby generating an alternating magnetic field. Further, the secondary coil of the first adjustable transformer L4 outputs high voltage according to the electromagnetic induction principle, and the voltage output by the secondary coil of the first adjustable transformer L4 is transmitted to the corresponding output interface, so that the output of the one-path neuromuscular electrical stimulation signal output from the first adjustable transformer L4 is completed. The principle of the output voltage of the second adjustable transformer L5 is the same as that of the first adjustable transformer L4. And the common end GND of the driving chip U0 is connected to the control signal output pin RE0 of the singlechip through a resistor R12. Through the programming setting of the single chip microcomputer, the control signal output by the control signal output pin RE0 is adjusted to control the power-on time duty ratio of the driving chip U0, so that the circuit intensity of the neuromuscular electrical stimulation signal is adjusted.
In an optional embodiment, the common terminal GND of the driving chip U0 is also connected to the control signal output pin RE0 of the single chip microcomputer through a capacitor C8. The capacitor C8 is connected in parallel with the resistor R12.
In addition, as shown in fig. 2, the common terminal GND of the driving chip U0 is also connected to the GND terminal of the PCB through a resistor R8.
Optionally, the first adjustable transformer L4 and the second adjustable transformer L5 may both be high-frequency step-up transformers. The driver chip U0 can be a driver chip with the model number L293 DD-AU. It will be appreciated that, based on the same principles, some alternatives may be made to the electronics involved in the neuromuscular electrical stimulation circuit of the above embodiment depending on the circumstances.
Further, in an alternative embodiment, as shown with reference to fig. 3, the current regulating circuit further includes a first isolation circuit and a second isolation circuit; and the first power input pin of the driving chip are respectively connected with the VCC end of the PCB through the first isolation circuit and the second isolation circuit.
Optionally, the first power input pin and the first power input pin of the driver chip are respectively connected to the VCC terminal of the PCB through a first isolation resistor L6 and a second isolation resistor L2.
Further, in an alternative embodiment, as shown with reference to fig. 3, the current regulating circuit further includes a first capacitor C12 and a second capacitor C11; and a first power input pin of the driving chip are respectively connected with the GND end of the PCB through a first capacitor C12 and a second capacitor C11.
Further, in an alternative embodiment, referring to fig. 3, the current regulating circuit further includes a first resistor R5, a second resistor R15, a third resistor R16 and a fourth resistor R6. A first input pin IN1 of the driving chip is connected with a first PWM signal output pin RA0 of the singlechip through a first resistor R5; a second input pin IN2 of the driving chip is connected with a second PWM signal output pin RA1 of the singlechip through a second resistor R15; a third input pin IN3 of the driving chip is connected with a third PWM signal output pin RA2 of the singlechip through a third resistor R16; and a fourth input pin IN4 of the driving chip is connected with a fourth PWM signal output pin RA3 of the singlechip through a fourth resistor R6.
Further, in an alternative embodiment, referring to fig. 3, the current regulating circuit further includes a fifth resistor R12; and the common end GND of the driving chip is connected with a control signal output pin RE0 of the single chip microcomputer through a fifth resistor R12.
Further, in an alternative embodiment, referring to fig. 3, the current regulating circuit further includes a sixth resistor R8; the common end GND of the driving chip is also connected with the GND end of the PCB through a sixth resistor R8.
Further, in an optional embodiment, at least two electrical signal conditioning modules are included; and each electric signal adjusting module corresponds to two output interfaces respectively, and PWM signals output by the two output interfaces corresponding to each electric signal adjusting module are in opposite phase. For example, referring to fig. 3, three electrical signal conditioning modules are included, corresponding to six output interfaces. Therefore, the multi-channel neuromuscular electrical stimulation signal can be output, and the effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation is improved.
In fig. 3, U2, U6, and U9 respectively represent three driving chips, L4, L5, L11, L12, L18, and L19 respectively represent six high-frequency step-up transformers, and P1, P2, P5, P6, P10, and P11 respectively represent six output interfaces for connecting to electrode pads for neuromuscular electrical stimulation. The input pins IN1 and IN2 of the driving chip U2 are respectively connected with the resistors R5 and R15 and connected to the PWM signal output pins RA0 and RA1 of the single chip microcomputer, the output pins OUT1 and OUT2 of the driving chip U2 are respectively controlled through programs, and meanwhile OUT1 and OUT2 are connected to the primary coil of the high-frequency boosting transformer L4, so that a loop is completed.
The change of the current direction of the high-frequency boosting transformer can be completed through the control of the conduction sequence of the PWM signal output pin RA0 and the PWM signal output pin RA1 of the single chip microcomputer, when the PWM signal output pin RA0 of the single chip microcomputer outputs high level and the PWM signal output pin RA1 outputs low level, the output pin OUT1 of the driving chip U2 is high level and OUT2 is low level, and the current direction in the primary coil of the high-frequency boosting transformer L4 flows from OUT1 to OUT 2. On the contrary, when the output of the single chip microcomputer PWM signal output pin RA0 is at a low level and the output of the PWM signal output pin RA1 is at a high level, the current direction in the primary coil of the high-frequency step-up transformer L4 flows from OUT2 to OUT1 to generate an alternating magnetic field, the secondary coil of the high-frequency step-up transformer L4 outputs a high voltage through the electromagnetic induction principle, and the secondary coil of the high-frequency step-up transformer L4 is connected to the output interface of the neuromuscular electrical stimulation output through the PCB wiring to complete the output of one path of neuromuscular electrical stimulation signals. The output of the other five neuromuscular electrical stimulation signals is the same.
And the common end GND of the driving chips U2, U6 and U9 is connected to the RE0 pin of the singlechip through a resistor R12. Through the programming setting of the single chip microcomputer, the control signal output by the control signal output pin RE0 is adjusted to control the duty ratio of the power-on time of the driving chips U2, U6 and U9, so that the adjustment of the circuit strength of the neuromuscular electrical stimulation signal is completed.
It is understood that, in the at least two electrical signal conditioning modules, the electronic devices at corresponding positions may be selected from the same type and the same parameters, or may be selected from different types or different parameters.
In an optional embodiment, the neuromuscular electrical stimulation circuit may further include an electrode pad, and the output interface is connected to the electrode pad through a wire. Each output interface is respectively connected with a corresponding electrode plate, and the electrode plates are attached to the surface of a limb, so that the PWM signals generated by the neuromuscular electrical stimulation circuit can be used for muscle stimulation. Optionally, in order to improve the effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation, the electrode sheet may be further provided with a pasting part, and the electrode sheet is pasted with the limb surface through the pasting part so that the PWM signal is conducted to the muscle as much as possible for neuromuscular electrical stimulation.
The neuromuscular electrical stimulation circuit according to the above embodiment of the present invention has the following advantages:
the adjustable transformer device is adopted, the control circuit is simplified, and the used devices are fewer, so that the production cost is reduced, the yield of the produced finished product is high, and the performance is stable;
because of adopting the adjustable transformer device, the voltage intensity of the electrical stimulation of the human neuromuscular can be easily achieved;
because the adjustable transformer device is adopted, the high-frequency neuromuscular electrical stimulation voltage output by the secondary coil is not directly electrically connected with the primary coil circuit, so that electrical isolation is formed, and the work of other functional devices of the circuit is not influenced;
and because the PWM duty ratio control technology of the single chip microcomputer for the driving chip is adopted, the continuous adjustment of the current intensity of the neuromuscular electrical stimulation is completed, and the problem of current jump is solved.
The invention also provides an embodiment of a rehabilitation system, and the rehabilitation system of the embodiment is provided with the neuromuscular electrical stimulation circuit of any one of the embodiments.
It should be noted that, in the above-mentioned embodiments, only the parts related to the embodiments of the present invention are shown, and those skilled in the art will understand that the neuromuscular electrical stimulation circuit structure of the rehabilitation system shown in the drawings does not constitute a limitation to the present invention, and may include more or less components than those shown in the drawings, or combine some components, or have different component position arrangements.
The above examples merely represent preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The neuromuscular electrical stimulation circuit of a rehabilitation system is characterized by comprising a singlechip, an electrical signal regulating module and an output interface which are sequentially connected, wherein the electrical signal regulating module comprises a current regulating circuit and a voltage regulating circuit;
the single chip microcomputer outputs a PWM signal and a control signal, the current regulating circuit receives the PWM signal and the control signal, current amplification is carried out on the PWM signal according to the control signal, the PWM signal after the current amplification is transmitted to the voltage regulating circuit for voltage amplification, and finally the PWM signal which accords with the neuromuscular electrical stimulation is output through the output interface;
the current regulating circuit comprises a driving chip, and the voltage regulating circuit comprises a first adjustable transformer and a second adjustable transformer;
a first input pin IN1 and a second input pin IN2 of the driving chip are respectively connected with a first PWM signal output pin RA0 and a second PWM signal output pin RA1 of the single chip microcomputer; a third input pin IN3 and a fourth input pin IN4 of the driving chip are respectively connected with a third PWM signal output pin RA2 and a fourth PWM signal output pin RA3 of the single chip microcomputer;
PWM signals input by a first input pin IN1 and a second input pin IN2 of the driving chip are output to the first adjustable transformer through a first output pin OUT1 and a second output pin OUT2 of the driving chip; the PWM signals inputted from the third input pin IN3 and the fourth input pin IN4 of the driver chip are outputted to the second adjustable transformer through the third output pin OUT3 and the fourth output pin OUT4 of the driver chip; the first adjustable transformer and the second adjustable transformer are respectively connected with an output interface; the current direction of a primary coil input into the first adjustable transformer is changed through the conduction sequence control of an output pin RA0 and an output pin RA1 of the single chip microcomputer, so that the first adjustable transformer is controlled to generate an alternating magnetic field, and one path of neuromuscular electrical stimulation signals output from the first adjustable transformer are output; the current direction of the primary coil input into the second adjustable transformer is changed through the conduction sequence control of an output pin RA2 and an output pin RA3 of the single chip microcomputer, so that the second adjustable transformer is controlled to generate an alternating magnetic field, and one path of neuromuscular electrical stimulation signals output from the second adjustable transformer are output;
the common end GND of the driving chip is connected with a control signal output pin RE0 of the single chip microcomputer; the control signal output by the single chip microcomputer is used for controlling the power-on time duty ratio of the driving chip so as to adjust the current of the PWM signal output by the driving chip.
2. The neuromuscular electrical stimulation circuit of claim 1, wherein the current regulating circuit further comprises a first isolation circuit and a second isolation circuit; and the first power input pin of the driving chip are respectively connected with the VCC end of the PCB through the first isolation circuit and the second isolation circuit.
3. The neuromuscular electrical stimulation circuit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the current regulating circuit further comprises a first capacitance C33 and a second capacitance C24; and a first power input pin of the driving chip are respectively connected with the GND end of the PCB through a first capacitor C33 and a second capacitor C24.
4. The neuromuscular electrical stimulation circuit according to claim 2, wherein the current regulating circuit further comprises a first resistor R5, a second resistor R15, a third resistor R16 and a fourth resistor R6;
a first input pin IN1 of the driving chip is connected with a first PWM signal output pin RA0 of the singlechip through a first resistor R5; a second input pin IN2 of the driving chip is connected with a second PWM signal output pin RA1 of the singlechip through a second resistor R15; a third input pin IN3 of the driving chip is connected with a third PWM signal output pin RA2 of the singlechip through a third resistor R16; and a fourth input pin IN4 of the driving chip is connected with a fourth PWM signal output pin RA3 of the singlechip through a fourth resistor R6.
5. The neuromuscular electrical stimulation circuit according to claim 4, wherein the current regulating circuit further comprises a fifth resistance R12; and the common end GND of the driving chip is connected with a control signal output pin RE0 of the single chip microcomputer through a fifth resistor R12.
6. The neuromuscular electrical stimulation circuit according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the current regulating circuit further comprises a sixth resistance R8; the common end GND of the driving chip is also connected with the GND end of the PCB through a sixth resistor R8.
7. The neuromuscular electrical stimulation circuit of claim 1 comprising at least two electrical signal conditioning modules; and each electric signal adjusting module corresponds to two output interfaces respectively, and PWM signals output by the two output interfaces corresponding to each electric signal adjusting module are in opposite phase.
8. The neuromuscular electrical stimulation circuit of claim 7 further comprising an electrode pad, the output interface being connected to the electrode pad by a wire.
9. The neuromuscular electrical stimulation circuit according to claim 8 wherein the electrode pads are provided with adhesive portions by which the electrode pads are adhered to the limb surface.
10. A rehabilitation system comprising a neuromuscular electrical stimulation circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| CN101961527A (en) * | 2009-07-21 | 2011-02-02 | 香港理工大学 | Rehabilitation training system and method combined with functional electric stimulation and robot |
| CN102940933A (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2013-02-27 | 南京伟思医疗科技有限责任公司 | Intelligent electrical stimulation circuit device |
| CN203090256U (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2013-07-31 | 南京伟思医疗科技有限责任公司 | Intelligent electrical stimulation circuit device |
| CN204582296U (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2015-08-26 | 深圳大学 | One treats Waveform generating apparatus and medium frequency electric stimulation therapeutic instrument |
| CN106999709A (en) * | 2014-08-15 | 2017-08-01 | 艾克索尼克斯调制技术股份有限公司 | For the integrated electromyogram clinician program controller being used together with implantable nerve stimulator |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101961527A (en) * | 2009-07-21 | 2011-02-02 | 香港理工大学 | Rehabilitation training system and method combined with functional electric stimulation and robot |
| CN102940933A (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2013-02-27 | 南京伟思医疗科技有限责任公司 | Intelligent electrical stimulation circuit device |
| CN203090256U (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2013-07-31 | 南京伟思医疗科技有限责任公司 | Intelligent electrical stimulation circuit device |
| CN106999709A (en) * | 2014-08-15 | 2017-08-01 | 艾克索尼克斯调制技术股份有限公司 | For the integrated electromyogram clinician program controller being used together with implantable nerve stimulator |
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