CN107732288A - Polymer Li-ion battery for ultra-low temperature discharge and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Polymer Li-ion battery for ultra-low temperature discharge and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses polymer Li-ion battery for ultra-low temperature discharge and preparation method thereof, the mass ratio of positive plate composition is:Cobalt acid lithium:Binding agent:Conductive agent=94.0 96%:1.3 2.0%:2.5 4%;Negative plate composition mass ratio be:MCMB:Conductive agent:Suspending agent:Acrylic resin=94 95.5%:1.5 2.5%:0.5 1.5%:3.0 3.5%;The barrier film is oiliness double spread barrier film;The electrolyte is made up of LIPF6, solvent.The polymer Li-ion battery of the application is under 50 DEG C of low temperature environments, auxiliary material in the positive and negative pole material of inside battery does not occur vitrifying, regular picture can be carried out with 0.2C, repeatedly battery capacity conservation rate is high after circulation, is adapted to the long-term circulation work in the temperature such as northern China, Russia or European Region (high latitude area) are compared with low environment;It is safe, meet national standard.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to low-temperature lithium ion battery field, and in particular to a kind of polymer Li-ion for ultra-low temperature discharge
Battery and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Poly-lithium battery (Li-polymer, also known as high-polymer lithium battery):It is also one kind of lithium ion battery, still
Have high energy density, smallerization, ultrathin, lightweight, and high security etc. more compared with liquid lithium battery (Li-ion)
Kind clear superiority, is a kind of novel battery.In shape, lithium polymer battery has ultrathin feature, can coordinate various productions
The needs of product, it is fabricated to the battery of any shape and capacity.Compared with liquid lithium ionic cell, polymer Li-ion battery is not only
It is safe, at the same also have the advantages that can thin type, arbitrary areaization and arbitrary shape, shell also using lighter aluminium
Mould laminated film.But, the low temperature performance of existing poly-lithium battery is also to be hoisted.
The 0.2C that existing poly-lithium battery mainly may remain in -20 DEG C to -10 DEG C in terms of low temperature discharge is put
Electricity, part special low-temp battery (military project with category battery) can control carries out 0.2C under -40 DEG C to -30 DEG C of temperature range
Electric discharge, but the low temperature discharge battery at -50 DEG C does not commercially temporarily have Related product largely to launch, and is deposited in technical field class yet
In certain blank, its technical essential included is present in the both positive and negative polarity main material of battery, and formula, barrier film, electrolyte is with setting
In each side problems such as meter.In northern China, Russia or European Region (high latitude area), temperature is relatively low, winter generally-
Less than 20 DEG C.At this temperature, compared under normal temperature, the inside of battery changes there occurs strong, and main conditions are:1. electrolyte
Viscosity, which improves, causes conductance to reduce, the speed of the lithium ion transmission between both positive and negative polarity and the increase of embedding lithium difficulty;2. inside battery
Positive and negative pole material in auxiliary material there is vitrifying, hindering the conduction of lithium ion, (obstruction appears in whole positions of whole pole piece
Put, but maximum resistance is between main material and collector).
A kind of low temperature high-capacity polymer preparation method of lithium ion battery (ZL201610649334.0) in existing patent,
Its operating temperature range be -40~50 DEG C, cryogenic property is good, can at -40 DEG C 1C electric discharge about 40%, energy density is reachable
250-255Wh/kg, but can not meet that the low temperature at -50 DEG C uses.Simultaneously using cobalt acid in the positive plate of the patent
Lithium, conventional cobalt acid lithium particle is larger, the ion channel between particle and particle that the material of bulky grain is formed after roll-in compared with
It is few, and under low-temperature condition, these ion channels lack the decline that will result directly in positive conductive performance, can not meet -50 DEG C
Low temperature environment;
The negative plate of the patent is using common graphite simultaneously, and the graphitization granularity of composite graphite and native graphite
Distribution is wide, caused by ion channel quantity it is relatively fewer, more amplified under ultra-low temperature surroundings, the problem of the structure, institute's table
Reveal the poor-performing come, it is difficult to meet -50 DEG C of low temperature environment.
The content of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is intended to provide a kind of low temperature discharge that disclosure satisfy that at -50 DEG C use be used for surpass
Polymer Li-ion battery of low temperature discharge and preparation method thereof.
To realize the technical purpose, the solution of the present invention is:For ultra-low temperature discharge polymer Li-ion battery and its
Preparation method, including positive plate, negative plate, barrier film, electrolyte;
The mass ratio of positive plate composition is:Cobalt acid lithium:Binding agent:Conductive agent=94.0-96%:1.3-2.0%:
2.5-4%;
The mass ratio of negative plate composition is:MCMB:Conductive agent:Suspending agent:Acrylic resin=94-
95.5%:1.5-2.5%:0.5-1.5%:3.0-3.5%;
The barrier film is oiliness double spread barrier film;
The electrolyte is by LIPF6, solvent composition.
Preferably, the D50 of cobalt acid lithium is 5-12um in the positive plate;Specific surface area:0.2-0.7m2/g;Vibration density
Degree >=2.7g/cm3;Gram volume >=142mAh/g;
The D50 of graphite is 10-22um in the negative plate;Specific surface area:2.5-3.8m2/g;Tap density >=1.0g/
cm3;Gram volume >=320mAh/g;
The porosity of the barrier film is 35-50%, basement membrane thickness≤9um;
The electrical conductivity of the electrolyte is >=9.5mS/cm;Density >=1.125g/cm3;Water content≤20PPM.
Preferably, the surface density of anode pole piece is 30.0-38.0mg/cm2;Compacted density is 3.3-3.8g/m3;
The surface density of cathode pole piece is:13.0-18.0mg/cm2;Compacted density is 1.4-1.6g/m3。
Preferably, the solvent in the electrolyte is the one or more in EC either EMC or DEC.
Cobalt acid lithium in the positive plate is monocrystalline cobalt acid lithium.
A kind of preparation method of polymer Li-ion battery for ultra-low temperature discharge,
The first step, positive plate press cobalt acid lithium:Binding agent:Conductive agent=94.0-96%:1.3-2.0%:2.5-4% matter
Ratio is measured, anode sizing agent is obtained by mixer batch mixing;
Second step, negative plate press MCMB:Conductive agent:Suspending agent:Acrylic resin=94-95.5%:1.5-
2.5%:0.5-1.5%:3.0-3.5% ratio, cathode size is obtained by mixer batch mixing;
3rd step, electrolyte is 1mol/LIPF6 and solvent is matched somebody with somebody;
4th step, technological standards coating-roll-in-film-making-winding-assembling-baking-fluid injection-using coating machine by design
Polymer lithium ion battery cell is made in the processes such as chemical conversion-vacuum seal shaping;
5th step, high-temperature clamp chemical synthesis technology:Pass through first time constant-current charge:Electric current 0.05C/ time 10+30min, fill
Power consumption 1.0-2.5%;Second hyposynchronous constant-current charge:Electric current 0.1C/ time 30-100min, charge capacity 5-16.7%;3rd
Hyposynchronous constant-current charge:Electric current 0.2C/ time 120-180min, charge capacity 40.0-60%, draw and are optimized into technological parameter.
6th step, vacuum seal moulding process:Battery core unloads formation cabinet and enters (10-20 DEG C) low temperature control room progress suddenly
It is cold, electrolyte resorption is entered inside battery, improve battery and protect liquid measure, control battery core electrolyte to protect liquid measure by survey calculation.
Beneficial effects of the present invention, the polymer Li-ion battery of the application under -50 DEG C of low temperature environments, inside battery
Auxiliary material in positive and negative pole material does not occur vitrifying, regular picture can be carried out with 0.2C, repeatedly battery capacity is kept after circulation
Rate is high, is adapted to the long-term circulation work in the temperature such as northern China, Russia or European Region (high latitude area) are compared with low environment;
It is safe, meet national standard.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further details with reference to specific embodiment.
Specific embodiment of the present invention is polymer Li-ion battery for ultra-low temperature discharge and preparation method thereof,
It is characterized in that:Including positive plate, negative plate, barrier film, electrolyte;
The mass ratio of positive plate composition is:Cobalt acid lithium (LiCoO2):Binding agent (PVDF):Conductive agent (SUPER-P)
=94.0-96%:1.3-2.0%:2.5-4%;
The mass ratio of negative plate composition is:MCMB (C):Conductive agent (SUPER-P):Suspending agent (CMC)+
Acrylic resin (PC)=94-95.5%:1.5-2.5%:0.5-1.5%:3.0-3.5%;
The barrier film is oiliness double spread barrier film;
The electrolyte is by LIPF6, solvent composition.
In order to meet cryogenic property, the D50 of cobalt acid lithium is 5-12um in the positive plate;Specific surface area:0.2-0.7m2/
g;Tap density >=2.7g/cm3;Gram volume >=142mAh/g monocrystalline cobalt acid lithium.
The D50 of graphite is 10-22um in the negative plate;Specific surface area:2.5-3.8m2/g;Tap density >=1.0g/
cm3;Gram volume >=320mAh/g carbonaceous mesophase spherules;Profile of the MCMB under microcosmic is rendered as spheroidal, phase
Than other graphite, because it is generated in the state of intermediate state, pattern, the physical and chemical parameter such as granularity is more consistent, so its
Consistency of performance is preferable, and Delanium pattern has sharp angles more, polarizes relatively large.The graphite of composite graphite and native graphite
Change degree is higher, and distribution of particle sizes is also wide, caused by ion channel quantity it is also few, the performance showed at low ambient temperatures
Also it is bad, while the architectural difference of these and MCMB is more amplified under condition of ultralow temperature, therefore intermediate-phase carbon is micro-
Ball is adapted to the most.
The porosity of the barrier film be 35-50% oiliness double spread barrier film, basement membrane thickness≤9um;Gluing barrier film
Both guarantor's liquid measure and can of battery electrolyte inside, which can have been improved, is enough bonded both positive and negative polarity, reduces interlamellar spacing, is shortened lithium ion and is existed
The path dissociated between both positive and negative polarity, improve electrical efficiency;
The electrical conductivity of the electrolyte is >=9.5mS/cm;Density >=1.125g/cm3;Water content≤20PPM.Electrolysis
Conductance is most importantly lifted in terms of liquid, improves the lithium ion mobility ability under low temperature, while in order to meet more preferable low temperature
Performance, low-temperature characteristics additive can also be added in solvent.
In order to meet cryogenic property, the surface density of anode pole piece is 30.0-38.0mg/cm2;Compacted density is 3.3-
3.8g/m3;
The surface density of cathode pole piece is:13.0-18.0mg/cm2;Compacted density is 1.4-1.6g/m3;
Surface density design formula:The surface density of positive pole is first determined, then the surface density of negative pole is measured by formula:Negative pole face is close
Degree=(positive pole surface density * cobalt acid lithium gram volume * positive pole cobalt acid lithiums content)/(graphite gram volume * negative poles content of graphite) * (1.10-
1.13);
The formation of inside battery electric charge is to return positive pole in negative pole deintercalation by lithium ion to produce, in the electricity that pole piece afterbody is formed
Lotus need to by foil its at lug after toward outside transmission form discharge process, because all kinds of cell shapes differ, cause pole piece chi
Very little difference, need to be by the way of the multireel heart or multi pole ears by electricity for the battery of pole piece longer dimension in actual design
The transmission path of lotus shortens, to have the function that to improve transmission efficiency..
To cause electrolyte to meet high rate performance and security performance, solvent in the electrolyte for EC either EMC or
One or more in DEC.
In order to meet the performance under cryogenic conditions, the cobalt acid lithium in the positive plate is monocrystalline cobalt acid lithium.The material of bulky grain
Firing point (ion channel) between particle and particle that material is formed after roll-in is less, and under low-temperature condition, these ions lead to
Road lacks the decline that will result directly in positive conductive performance, using little particle, and the cobalt acid lithium material of monocrystalline, then can directly have
Effect lifting ion channel quantity, so as to lift electrical efficiency, lifts discharge performance
A kind of preparation method of polymer Li-ion battery for ultra-low temperature discharge,
The first step, positive plate press cobalt acid lithium:Binding agent:Conductive agent=94.0-96%:1.3-2.0%:2.5-4% matter
Ratio is measured, anode sizing agent is obtained by mixer batch mixing;
Second step, negative plate press MCMB:Conductive agent:Suspending agent:Acrylic resin=94-95.5%:1.5-
2.5%:0.5-1.5%:3.0-3.5% ratio, cathode size is obtained by mixer batch mixing;
3rd step, electrolyte is 1mol/LIPF6 and solvent is matched somebody with somebody;
4th step, technological standards coating-roll-in-film-making-winding-assembling-baking-fluid injection-using coating machine by design
Polymer lithium ion battery cell is made in the processes such as chemical conversion-vacuum seal shaping;
5th step, high-temperature clamp chemical synthesis technology:Pass through first time constant-current charge:Electric current 0.05C/ time 10+30min, fill
Power consumption 1.0-2.5%;Second hyposynchronous constant-current charge:Electric current 0.1C/ time 30-100min, charge capacity 5-16.7%;3rd
Hyposynchronous constant-current charge:Electric current 0.2C/ time 120-180min, charge capacity 40.0-60%, draw and are optimized into technological parameter.
6th step, vacuum seal moulding process:Battery core unloads formation cabinet and enters (10-20 DEG C) low temperature control room progress suddenly
It is cold, electrolyte resorption is entered inside battery, improve battery and protect liquid measure, control battery core electrolyte to protect liquid measure by survey calculation.Need
It is noted that item:It need to have the function that to reduce internal resistance by fixture chemical synthesis technology come the interlamellar spacing of compression control pole piece, but can not
Produced using the technique of excessive temperature, the moieties fusing point in bath composition is relatively low, and high temperature chemical conversion can cause part
The decomposition of material.
The polymer Li-ion battery of the application is auxiliary in the positive and negative pole material of inside battery under -50 DEG C of low temperature environments
Material does not occur vitrifying, and regular picture can be carried out with 0.2C, and repeatedly battery capacity conservation rate is high after circulation, is adapted in China north
The temperature such as side, Russia or European Region (high latitude area) are compared with long-term circulation work in low environment;It is safe, meet country
Standard.
The battery core low-temperature test that the present invention designs, data are as follows:
A) carry out 0.2C under normal temperature after full electricity, after standing 4 hours at -40 DEG C and be discharged to 2.5V, normal temperature can be reached
More than 80% discharging efficiency of the capacity of 0.2C standards electric discharge;
B) carry out 0.2C under normal temperature after full electricity, after standing 4 hours at -50 DEG C and be discharged to 2.5V, normal temperature can be reached
More than 50% discharging efficiency of the capacity of 0.2C standards electric discharge;
The battery core cycle performance that the present invention designs, data are as follows:
A) capability retention more than 80% after 500 circulations of 0.5C normal temperature circulations;
B) 3.0C normal temperature discharge capacity contrast 0.2C discharge capacities more than 90%;
Described above, only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the invention, every skill according to the present invention
Any trickle amendment, equivalent substitution and the improvement that art is substantially made to above example, should be included in technical solution of the present invention
Protection domain within.
Claims (6)
1. the polymer Li-ion battery for ultra-low temperature discharge, it is characterised in that:Including positive plate, negative plate, barrier film, electricity
Solve liquid;
The mass ratio of positive plate composition is:Cobalt acid lithium:Binding agent:Conductive agent=94.0-96%:1.3-2.0%:2.5-
4%;
The mass ratio of negative plate composition is:MCMB:Conductive agent:Suspending agent:Acrylic resin=94-
95.5%:1.5-2.5%:0.5-1.5%:3.0-3.5%;
The barrier film is oiliness double spread barrier film;
The electrolyte is by LIPF6, solvent composition.
2. the polymer Li-ion battery according to claim 1 for ultra-low temperature discharge, it is characterised in that:The positive pole
The D50 of cobalt acid lithium is 5-12um in piece;Specific surface area:0.2-0.7m2/g;Tap density >=2.7g/cm3;Gram volume >=
142mAh/g;
The D50 of graphite is 10-22um in the negative plate;Specific surface area:2.5-3.8m2/g;Tap density >=1.0g/cm3;Gram
Capacity >=320mAh/g;
The porosity of the barrier film is 35-50%, basement membrane thickness≤9um;
The electrical conductivity of the electrolyte is >=9.5mS/cm;Density >=1.125g/cm3;Water content≤20PPM.
3. the polymer Li-ion battery according to claim 1 for ultra-low temperature discharge, it is characterised in that:Anode pole piece
Surface density be 30.0-38.0mg/cm2;Compacted density is 3.3-3.8g/m3;
The surface density of cathode pole piece is:13.0-18.0mg/cm2;Compacted density is 1.4-1.6g/m3。
4. the polymer Li-ion battery according to claim 1 for ultra-low temperature discharge, it is characterised in that:The electrolysis
Solvent in liquid is the one or more in EC either EMC or DEC.
5. the polymer Li-ion battery according to claim 1 for ultra-low temperature discharge, it is characterised in that:The positive pole
Cobalt acid lithium in piece is monocrystalline cobalt acid lithium.
A kind of 6. preparation method of polymer Li-ion battery for ultra-low temperature discharge, it is characterised in that:
The first step, positive plate press cobalt acid lithium:Binding agent:Conductive agent=94.0-96%:1.3-2.0%:2.5-4% mass ratio,
Anode sizing agent is obtained by mixer batch mixing;
Second step, negative plate press MCMB:Conductive agent:Suspending agent:Acrylic resin=94-95.5%:1.5-
2.5%:0.5-1.5%:3.0-3.5% ratio, cathode size is obtained by mixer batch mixing;
3rd step, electrolyte is 1mol/LIPF6 and solvent is matched somebody with somebody;
4th step, technological standards coating-roll-in-film-making-winding-assembling-baking-fluid injection-chemical conversion-using coating machine by design
Polymer lithium ion battery cell is made in the processes such as vacuum seal shaping;
5th step, high-temperature clamp chemical synthesis technology:Pass through first time constant-current charge:Electric current 0.05C/ time 10+30min, charging electricity
Measure 1.0-2.5%;Second hyposynchronous constant-current charge:Electric current 0.1C/ time 30-100min, charge capacity 5-16.7%;Third time walks
Constant-current charge:Electric current 0.2C/ time 120-180min, charge capacity 40.0-60%, draw and are optimized into technological parameter.
6th step, vacuum seal moulding process:Battery core unloads formation cabinet and enters (10-20 DEG C) low temperature control room progress chilling, makes
Electrolyte resorption enters inside battery, improves battery and protects liquid measure, controls battery core electrolyte to protect liquid measure by survey calculation.
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Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN109449387A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2019-03-08 | 深圳市卓能新能源股份有限公司 | A kind of lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof |
CN109742339A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-05-10 | 江苏海四达电源股份有限公司 | A kind of high-energy-density ultralow temperature high-safety polymer lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof |
CN109786724A (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2019-05-21 | 贵州省铜仁华迪斯新能源有限公司 | A kind of ultralow-temperature high-rate type lithium ion cell and preparation method thereof |
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CN112018380A (en) * | 2020-09-05 | 2020-12-01 | 珠海新视扬能源科技有限公司 | High-performance rate lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof |
CN112018376A (en) * | 2020-09-05 | 2020-12-01 | 珠海新视扬能源科技有限公司 | Positive electrode material and preparation method thereof |
CN112467225A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-03-09 | 湖南美尼科技有限公司 | Preparation method of high-rate battery |
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