CN107731542B - A kind of solid state battery capacitor - Google Patents
A kind of solid state battery capacitor Download PDFInfo
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- CN107731542B CN107731542B CN201710961344.2A CN201710961344A CN107731542B CN 107731542 B CN107731542 B CN 107731542B CN 201710961344 A CN201710961344 A CN 201710961344A CN 107731542 B CN107731542 B CN 107731542B
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- solid state
- state battery
- lithium
- battery capacitor
- graphite
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/04—Hybrid capacitors
- H01G11/06—Hybrid capacitors with one of the electrodes allowing ions to be reversibly doped thereinto, e.g. lithium ion capacitors [LIC]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
- H01G11/32—Carbon-based
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
- H01G11/50—Electrodes characterised by their material specially adapted for lithium-ion capacitors, e.g. for lithium-doping or for intercalation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/54—Electrolytes
- H01G11/56—Solid electrolytes, e.g. gels; Additives therein
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of solid state battery capacitors, the solid state battery capacitor includes anode, cathode, solid electrolyte, it is characterized in that solid electrolyte is lithium salts, Kynoar and polyvinyl acetate composite membrane, positive and negative anodes active material is graphite material, and wherein cathode graphite material will be handled through prelithiation.Solid state battery capacitor of the invention, solid electrolyte can form good solid solution with positive and negative anodes during charge and discharge cycles, it can produce stable interfacial effect, it substantially increases first charge-discharge efficiency, the coulombic efficiency in cyclic process, reduce impedance, and cathode uses prelithiation graphite electrode, the loss of lithium salts in charge and discharge process can be obviously reduced, cycle life greatly improves, while leakage current reduces.The solid state battery capacitor working is pressed up to 5.35V, and energy density is greatly improved.In addition solid electrolyte is used, security performance is protected.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to power/energy-storage battery fields, more particularly to a kind of solid state battery capacitor.
Background technique
The exacerbation increasingly of energy crisis and environmental problem, accelerates the fast development of New Energy Industry.Under existing situation
Green energy resource is performed to ultimate attainment environmentally friendly electrochemical energy storage technology for giving low-carbon energy-saving emission reduction to be paid more and more attention.
Recently, country proposes to establish nearly zero carbon emission engineering based on energy internet, and wherein core content just includes renewable energy
Power generation, distributed energy storage technology etc., to new and effective energy storage technology, more stringent requirements are proposed for this, in addition, New energy electric vapour
Vehicle, cold-starting power supply, high-speed rail/urban track traffic Brake energy recovery, marine ship platform, underwater hiding-machine power supply, UPS are not
The fields such as uninterruptible power are to high-energy density, high power density electrochemical energy storing device it is also proposed that deep require.
Currently, two kinds of electrochemical energy storage technologies that commercialization is most mature, one is lithium ion batteries, and anode is using containing lithium gold
Belonging to oxide as active material, cathode, as absorbent charcoal material, stores energy by positive and negative anodes Electrochemical lithiation using graphite,
Monomer energy density is up to 150 Wh/kg or more, however its power density is only 100 ~ 500 W/kg, and power-performance is poor, circulation
Service life only ~ 500 time, poor performance at low temperatures；Another is double electric layers supercapacitor, which uses active carbon with high specific surface area
Be positive negative electrode active material, stores energy by physical absorption charge, therefore its power density is followed up to 5000 W/kg or more
The ring service life, cruising ability was limited up to 10000 times or more, 2 ~ 5Wh/kg, cannot power for a long time.Have both the lithium of both above-mentioned advantage
Ionistor, i.e. battery capacitor become people's research hotspot.
Cathode is used in conventional battery capacitor principle passes through the embedding Li of electrochemistry+, anode use physical absorption PF6 -Deng
Anion carries out energy storage, and electrolyte is liquid organic system, and for operating voltage in 3.8V, energy density is 10 ~ 20Wh/kg, power
Density relies on cathode physical absorption Li in 3000 ~ 5000W/kg, another battery capacitor+Cation, anode pass through electrification
Learn insertion PF6 -Deng progress energy storage, above two battery capacitor electrolyte is all made of liquid organic solution liquid, is embedded in active material
For graphite type material, adsorbent material is porous charcoal, is poor safety performance using the shortcomings that organic electrolyte, under abuse conditions
It is easy to explosion on fire；One pole uses physical absorption charge storage energy, so that leakage current is big；In addition, for latter battery
Capacitor, under liquid electrolytic liquid system, PF6 -During intercalation/deintercalation repeatedly, surface of active material can be peeled off constantly, boundary
Face is destroyed, and irreversible reaction is iteratively produced, so that irreversible capacity constantly generates, first charge-discharge efficiency and long-term circulation
Coulombic efficiency in the process is low.
Summary of the invention
The present invention to solve the above problems, provides a kind of solid state battery capacitor.
To achieve the goals above, the technical scheme is that
A kind of solid state battery capacitor, the solid state battery capacitor include anode, cathode, solid electrolyte, solid state electrolysis
Matter is lithium salts, Kynoar and polyvinyl acetate composite membrane, and positive and negative anodes active material is graphite material, wherein cathode
Graphite material will be handled through prelithiation.
The mass ratio of the Kynoar and polyvinyl acetate is adjustable between 0.5:9.5 ~ 9.5:0.5.
The lithium salts is lithium hexafluoro phosphate (LiPF6), lithium perchlorate (LiClO4), hexafluoroarsenate lithium (LiAsF6), tetrafluoro boron
Sour lithium (LiBF4), di-oxalate lithium borate (LiBOB), difluorine oxalic acid boracic acid lithium (LiDFOB), two (trimethyl fluoride sulfonyl) imines
Lithium (LiTFSI), double fluorine sulfimide lithiums (LiFSI), trifluoromethanesulfonic acid lithium (LiCF3SO3), hexafluoro-antimonic acid lithium (LiSbF6), three
One of (pentafluoroethyl group) three lithium fluophosphate (LiFAP) is a variety of.
The pre- lithium amount of the cathode graphite material is 100 ~ 150 mAh/g.
The positive and negative anodes active material is graphite material, and graphite material is natural graphite, in artificial graphite, graphitization
Between one of phase carbon microspheres, graphitized carbon fibre, soft carbon or a variety of.
The composite membrane film build method are as follows: be dissolved in lithium salts, Kynoar and polyvinyl acetate example in mass ratio
In solvent, solution is formed, this solution is coated on polytetrafluoroethylene matrix using knife coating, is at room temperature waved solvent
Hair forms 5 ~ 100 μm of thickness of film, cuts into fixed shape after drying, obtain the composite membrane containing lithium salts.
The positive and negative anodes pole piece production method is, by active material, conductive agent, binder according to mass ratio 90:1 ~ 5:1 ~ 5
Ratio be mixed into slurry, anode is coated on aluminium foil, and cathode is coated on copper foil, keeps for 24 hours, cutting out in 120 DEG C of vacuum drying ovens
It is cut into fixed shape.
The binder be acrylonitrile multiple copolymer, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), Kynoar, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose,
One of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and butadiene-styrene rubber are a variety of.
The conductive agent is one of carbon black, graphite, graphitized carbon fibre, carbon nanotube or a variety of.
The present invention uses the solid electrolyte solid state battery capacitor, and solid electrolyte can be with during charge and discharge cycles
Good solid solution is formed with positive and negative anodes, can produce stable interfacial effect, is effectively avoided negative during repeated charge
Ion is embedded in the destruction in anode process to solid material interface altogether, substantially increases first charge-discharge efficiency, in cyclic process
Coulomb effect, it is suppressed that in charge and discharge process due to electrode interface destroy bring impedance increase, ensure that power-performance play,
And cathode uses prelithiation graphite electrode, can be obviously reduced in charge and discharge process to the damage of lithium salts in solid electrolyte
Consumption, cycle life are greatly enhanced, while leakage current reduces, in addition, the operating voltage of the solid state battery capacitor is reachable
5.35V greatly improves energy density, and uses solid electrolyte, and security performance is protected.
Specific embodiment
Below by embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
Embodiment 1
By 0.6 Kynoar, 0.4g polyvinyl acetate powder and certain mass lithium salts LiPF6It is dissolved in 25ml acetone
Solution is formed, this solution is used into knife coating, is coated on polytetrafluoro flat base, solvent acetone is volatilized at room temperature, is formed
The film that 30 μm of thickness thoroughly eliminates remaining acetone in 60 DEG C of drying 12h of vacuum.Being washed into diameter is 18mm circular diaphragm, to
With.
By active material graphitized intermediate-phase carbon microballoon, binder acrylonitrile multiple copolymer, conductive black according to quality
Be thoroughly mixed into slurry than 90:5:5, be respectively coated on aluminium foil and copper foil current collector, 120 DEG C of vacuum bakeouts for 24 hours after, punching
It is cut into the circular electrode that diameter is 14mm.Negative electrode tab and solid electrolyte obtained above are assembled into button cell, used
0.02C multiplying power electric current carries out prelithiation in charge and discharge instrument, and pre- lithium amount is 150 mAh/g, and dismantling is taken out later, with positive plate,
Solid electrolyte is assembled into button solid state battery capacitor, using 0.5 C first charge discharge efficiency up to 95.2%, recycles 5000 times by 2C,
Capacity retention ratio is up to 97%, coulombic efficiency ~ 99.97% in cyclic process, and the energy density based on active material is 120Wh/kg, function
Rate density uses simple glass fibre diaphragm, 1M LiPF up to 3500W/kg6/ EMC+SL(solvent volume ratio 1:4) electrolysis
When liquid, reversible capacity is 95 mAh/g to 0.5 C first charge-discharge for the first time, and first charge discharge efficiency recycles 5000 times by 2C up to 67%, holds
Measure conservation rate 63%, coulombic efficiency ~ 92% in cyclic process.
Embodiment 2
By in embodiment 1, the weighed quality of Kynoar, polyvinyl acetate becomes 0.4g and 0.6g respectively, assembling
At button cell capacitor using 0.5 C first charge discharge efficiency up to 92.5%, recycled 5000 times by 2C, capacity retention ratio reaches
96.7%, coulombic efficiency 99.96% in cyclic process, the energy density based on active material is 119.6Wh/kg, and power density can
Up to 3450W/kg.
Embodiment 3
By in embodiment 1, the weighed quality of Kynoar, polyvinyl acetate becomes 0.8g and 0.2g respectively, assembling
At button cell capacitor using 0.5 C first charge discharge efficiency up to 90.3%, recycled 5000 times by 2C, capacity retention ratio reaches
93.7%, coulombic efficiency 99.93% in cyclic process, the energy density based on active material is 119.4Wh/kg, and power density can
Up to 3425W/kg.
Embodiment 4
By in embodiment 1, lithium salts is changed to LiBF4, the button cell capacitor that is assembled into reached using 0.5 C first charge discharge efficiency
91.2%, it is recycled 5000 times by 2C, for capacity retention ratio up to 94.8%, coulombic efficiency 99.91% in cyclic process is based on active matter
The energy density of matter is 119.5Wh/kg, and power density is up to 3455W/kg.
Embodiment 5
By in embodiment 1, solid electrolyte composite film thickness is become 60 μm, the button cell capacitor being assembled into uses
0.5 C first charge discharge efficiency is recycled 5000 times by 2C up to 89.2%, and capacity retention ratio is up to 87.9%, coulombic efficiency in cyclic process
99.6%, the energy density based on active material is 118.2Wh/kg, and power density is up to 3058W/kg.
Embodiment 6
By in embodiment 1, active material is become into spherical natural graphite, the button cell capacitor being assembled into uses 0.5
C first charge discharge efficiency is recycled 5000 times by 2C up to 88.2%, and capacity retention ratio is up to 85.9%, coulombic efficiency 99.1% in cyclic process,
Energy density based on active material is 119.2Wh/kg, and power density is up to 3460W/kg.
Embodiment 7
By in embodiment 1, binder is become to the N-Methyl pyrrolidone solution of Kynoar, the button electricity being assembled into
Pond capacitor up to 92.5%, is recycled 5000 times using 0.5 C first charge discharge efficiency by 2C, and capacity retention ratio is up to 90.6%, cyclic process
Middle coulombic efficiency 99.4%, the energy density based on active material are 119.7Wh/kg, and power density is up to 3470W/kg.
Embodiment 8
By in embodiment 1, lithium salts is changed into LiTFSI, the button cell capacitor being assembled into uses 0.5 C first charge discharge efficiency
It up to 93.5%, is recycled 5000 times by 2C, for capacity retention ratio up to 94.6%, coulombic efficiency 99.5% in cyclic process is based on active matter
The energy density of matter is 119.9Wh/kg, and power density is up to 3480W/kg.
Embodiment 9
By in embodiment 1, conductive agent is become into carbon nanotube, the button cell capacitor being assembled into uses 0.5 C for the first time
Efficiency is recycled 5000 times by 2C up to 94.7%, and capacity retention ratio is up to 96.8%, coulombic efficiency 99.7% in cyclic process, based on living
Property substance energy density be 120.1Wh/kg, power density is up to 3600W/kg.
Embodiment described above only represents the several embodiments in the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
Limitations on the scope of the patent of the present invention therefore cannot be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art
For, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to guarantor of the invention
Protect range.Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent of the invention shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of solid state battery capacitor, which includes anode, cathode, solid electrolyte, it is characterised in that
Solid electrolyte is the composite membrane of lithium salts, Kynoar and polyvinyl acetate, and positive and negative anodes active material is graphite material
Material, wherein cathode graphite material will be handled through prelithiation, and the pre- lithium amount of cathode graphite material is 100 ~ 150 mAh/g.
2. a kind of solid state battery capacitor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: Kynoar and polyvinyl acetate
The ratio of ester is adjustable between 0.5:9.5 ~ 9.5:0.5.
3. a kind of solid state battery capacitor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: lithium salts is lithium hexafluoro phosphate
(LiPF6), lithium perchlorate (LiClO4), hexafluoroarsenate lithium (LiAsF6), LiBF4 (LiBF4), di-oxalate lithium borate
(LiBOB), difluorine oxalic acid boracic acid lithium (LiDFOB), two (trimethyl fluoride sulfonyl) imine lithiums (LiTFSI), double fluorine sulfimide lithiums
(LiFSI), trifluoromethanesulfonic acid lithium (LiCF3SO3), hexafluoro-antimonic acid lithium (LiSbF6), three (pentafluoroethyl group) three lithium fluophosphates
One of (LiFAP) or it is a variety of.
4. a kind of solid state battery capacitor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: positive and negative anodes active material is graphite
Material, graphite material are natural graphite, artificial graphite, graphitized intermediate-phase carbon microballoon, graphitized carbon fibre, one in soft carbon
Kind is a variety of.
5. a kind of solid state battery capacitor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: composite membrane film build method are as follows: by lithium
Salt, Kynoar and polyvinyl acetate example in mass ratio are dissolved in solvent, form solution, this solution is applied using knife coating
It is overlying on polytetrafluoroethylene matrix, solvent volatilizees at room temperature, form 5 ~ 100 μm of thickness of film, cut after drying
At fixed shape, the composite membrane containing lithium salts is obtained.
6. a kind of solid state battery capacitor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: positive and negative anodes pole piece production method is,
Active material, conductive agent, binder are mixed into slurry according to the ratio of mass ratio 90:1 ~ 5:1 ~ 5, anode is coated on aluminium foil
On, cathode is coated on copper foil, is kept 24 h in 120 DEG C of vacuum drying ovens, is cut into fixed shape.
7. a kind of solid state battery capacitor according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the binder is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
(PTFE), Kynoar (PVDF), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and butadiene-styrene rubber
One of (SBR) or it is a variety of.
8. a kind of solid state battery capacitor according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: conductive agent is carbon black, graphite, graphite
Change one of carbon fiber, carbon nanotube or a variety of.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107069921A (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-08-18 | 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 | The long long-life high-energy-density unmanned plane integrated drive generator of continuation of the journey of one kind |
| CN108492995B (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2020-02-07 | 华南师范大学 | Preparation method of high-voltage aqueous electrolyte lithium ion capacitor |
| KR20200129383A (en) | 2019-05-08 | 2020-11-18 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | Pre-lithiatioin Method of Anode Electrodes for ALL SOLID STATE BATTERY |
| CN111342123B (en) * | 2020-03-09 | 2023-06-13 | 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 | Selectively-infiltrated polymer electrolyte, and preparation and application thereof |
| CN114613614A (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2022-06-10 | 浙江浙能技术研究院有限公司 | All-solid-state lithium ion capacitor and preparation method thereof |
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| JP2944503B2 (en) * | 1996-04-03 | 1999-09-06 | 日本電気株式会社 | All solid state electric double layer capacitor |
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