CN107727990B - Distribution network arc light grounding fault identification method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of power failure identification, in particular to a distribution network arc light grounding fault identification method. Conventional power distribution networks typically operate by grounding through an arc suppression coil or small resistor to mitigate arc overvoltage hazards, but do not address arc grounding faults further. The application provides a distribution network arc light ground fault identification method, which comprises the steps of obtaining fault phase voltage and zero sequence current waveform data of a fault, and judging the moment of occurrence of the fault; and counting the occurrence frequency of the zero-sequence current arc discharge phenomenon in the fault in a preset time period when the fault occurs, and judging the type of the fault. And detecting a specific spike pulse discharge form generated in the arc discharge process, counting the frequency of the arc discharge phenomenon in the fault, and identifying the fault type.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of power failure identification, in particular to a distribution network arc light grounding fault identification method.
Background
In China, medium and low voltage distribution networks mainly use overhead lines, the structure of the lines is complex, the branches are numerous, and faults are easy to occur. According to statistics, in the operation process of the power system, the power failure accidents caused by the distribution network faults account for more than 95% of the total power failure accidents, wherein 70% of the accidents are caused by single-phase grounding faults or bus faults. Arc grounding is a common fault in a distribution network, and arc overvoltage can be caused by continuous developmental arc grounding, so that the arc grounding is a serious hidden trouble for safe operation of a power grid.
Conventional power distribution networks typically operate by grounding through an arc suppression coil or small resistor to mitigate arc overvoltage hazards, but do not address arc grounding faults further. Although the arc suppression coil grounding has a protection effect to a certain extent, certain defects exist, and practical experience shows that the arc suppression coil grounding still has a plurality of problems of poor arc suppression performance and the like under many conditions, and the requirements of users are more and more difficult to meet. Therefore, the arc grounding fault of the power grid is identified, the line maintenance and operation can be carried out in the high-power-generation area aiming at the arc fault, richer information can be provided for the safe maintenance and operation of the power distribution network, and the method has very important significance for improving the safe operation reliability of the power grid.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the traditional power distribution network is usually operated by grounding through an arc extinguishing coil or a small resistor to weaken the arc overvoltage hazard, but the arc grounding fault is not further processed. Although the arc suppression coil grounding has a protection effect to a certain extent, certain defects exist, and practical experience shows that the arc suppression coil grounding still has a plurality of problems of poor arc suppression performance and the like under many conditions, and the problem that the requirements of users are more and more difficult to meet is solved.
Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides the following technical scheme: a distribution network arc grounding fault identification method comprises the following steps:
s1: acquiring fault phase voltage and zero sequence current waveform data of a fault, and judging the occurrence moment of the fault;
s2: and counting the occurrence frequency of the zero-sequence current arc discharge phenomenon in the fault in a preset time period when the fault occurs, and judging the type of the fault.
Optionally, the method comprises the steps of:
acquiring fault phase voltage and zero sequence current waveform data of a fault, and judging the occurrence moment of the fault;
calculating the normal phase voltage u of the line before the fault0Calculating the second cycle fault phase voltage u after the fault, and judging whether the fault phase voltage falls out of limit or not;
and counting the occurrence frequency of the zero-sequence current arc discharge phenomenon in the fault in a preset time period when the fault occurs, and judging the type of the fault.
Optionally, the fault type determination includes the following steps:
calculating a pulse peak judgment threshold Thr according to the zero sequence current;
calculating the number of primary pulse peaks, and detecting an arc discharge phenomenon in the zero-sequence current;
calculating the number of pulse spikes in a preset time period after the first cycle after the fault and setting a threshold value KthrAnd comparing and judging the fault type.
Optionally, the waveform data of the fault phase voltage and the zero sequence current in S1 is collected by a distribution network power system synchronous phasor measurement device.
Optionally, the method for determining whether the fault phase voltage drop exceeds the limit includes the following formula:
where u is the fault back phase voltage amplitude; u. of0A fault-front phase voltage amplitude; is the voltage droop threshold.
Optionally, the threshold Thr calculation includes calculating 10 times of the difference between adjacent sampling points under normal current, and the formula is as follows:
wherein N issIs the number of sampling points of the cycle,
sine wave with unit amplitude at sampling frequency NsThe maximum amplitude difference of the lower adjacent points;
namely, the zero sequence current integral value of the cycle is used as the current amplitude value for calculation.
Optionally, the calculating the number of pulse spikes includes: the duration of each discharging process is about 1ms, the rising or falling amplitude between every two adjacent points is calculated according to the 1ms time period, and the number of one-time pulse spikes is calculated when the rising or falling amplitude exceeds a set threshold. The formula is as follows:
wherein i' (t) is a zero sequence current primary difference sequence; thr is the set threshold. The first difference sequence i '(t) rises by the maximum amplitude i' (τ)max) Max (i '(t)), and a decreasing maximum amplitude i' (τ)min) Min (i' (t)), limiting the rising edge and the falling edge of the same zero sequence pulse peak, namely satisfying | τi-τi-1|>＝2ms。
Optionally, the fault type determination includes comparing the number of pulse spikes in a preset time period after the first cycle after the fault with a set threshold KthrBy comparison, if T > KthrThen, the arc grounding fault is represented by the following formula
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the pulse peak number of the ith cycle is calculated according to a window with the length of 10 cycles in which the first cycle is calculated after the fault is avoided.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects: the method for identifying the faults of the power distribution network achieves monitoring of the whole power distribution network through optimized distribution according to the synchronous phasor measurement device of the power system, and the fault identification method related to the application is established on the basis of the occurrence of the known faults. And judging the fault occurrence time according to fault waveform data acquired by the power system synchronous phasor measuring device, and extracting fault waveforms of a plurality of cycles before and after the fault occurs. Analyzing and processing the voltage and the zero sequence current in the arc discharge process after the fault occurs, detecting a specific spike pulse discharge form generated in the arc discharge process, counting the frequency of the arc discharge phenomenon occurring in the fault, and identifying the fault type.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment will be briefly described below, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without any creative effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a true fault test circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an arc grounding test record of a distribution network system with a neutral point grounded through an arc suppression coil in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an arc ground fault zero-sequence current pulse spike in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive exercise.
The application discloses a distribution network arc light ground fault identification method based on zero sequence current pulse detection, which aims at single-phase arc light ground faults. The method comprises the steps of firstly detecting a voltage drop range of a fault phase, putting forward a spike pulse detection algorithm, counting the frequency of specific spike pulse discharge of fault zero sequence current in an arc discharge process, and realizing the identification of arc light grounding faults. The method is suitable for a power distribution network with a neutral point grounded through an arc suppression coil.
In a three-phase three-wire circuit, the sum of the phasors of the three-phase currents is equal to zero, i.e., Ia + Ib + Ic is 0. If a current transformer is connected into the three-phase three-wire, the induced current is zero. When an electric shock or electric leakage fault occurs in the circuit, leakage current flows through the loop, the sum of the phasors of the three-phase current passing through the mutual inductor is unequal to zero, and the sum of the phasors is as follows: ia + Ib + Ic ═ I (leakage current, i.e., zero sequence current). The secondary coil of the mutual inductor has an induced current, the voltage is applied to an electronic amplifying circuit of the detection part and compared with the preset action current value of the protection area device, and if the voltage is larger than the action current, the sensitive relay is actuated to act on the actuating element to trip. The mutual inductor connected with the transformer is called a zero sequence current mutual inductor, the sum of the phasors of the three-phase current is not equal to zero, and the generated current is the zero sequence current.
Arc grounding is the short circuit of a certain phase voltage to the ground through an arc, and generally occurs in a high-voltage neutral-point-free grounding system. Arc ground faults occur for a number of reasons, and it is generally the case that when a metal or other conductor approaches a high voltage line, the distance reaches the discharge distance, and then an arc discharge occurs, and when the distance is small enough that the arc cannot be extinguished automatically, an arc ground occurs. Generally, overvoltage faults are caused, the power grid is three-phase, when one phase is suddenly grounded by arc light and the potential is zero, the voltage to earth of the other two phases is increased from the line voltage to the phase voltage, and overvoltage is generated.
The technical solution of the present application is further specifically described below by way of examples and with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a distribution network arc light ground fault identification method provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
s1: acquiring fault phase voltage and zero sequence current waveform data of a fault, and judging the occurrence moment of the fault;
s2: and counting the occurrence frequency of the zero-sequence current arc discharge phenomenon in the fault in a preset time period when the fault occurs, and judging the type of the fault.
Firstly, judging the fault occurrence time according to the voltage and current waveforms, then selecting a period of time when the fault occurs, and counting the times of current arc discharge phenomenon in the period of time to judge whether the fault is the arc grounding fault.
Example two
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a distribution network arc light ground fault identification method provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
acquiring fault phase voltage and zero sequence current waveform data of a fault, and judging the occurrence moment of the fault;
calculating the normal phase voltage u of the line before the fault0Calculating the second cycle fault phase voltage u after the fault, and judging whether the fault phase voltage falls out of limit or not;
and counting the occurrence frequency of the zero-sequence current arc discharge phenomenon in the fault in a preset time period when the fault occurs, and judging the type of the fault.
Firstly, judging the fault occurrence time according to the voltage and current waveforms, if the waveform can not be judged or the fault occurrence time is confirmed, determining the fault occurrence time by judging whether the voltage drop is out of limit, selecting a period of time when the fault occurs after the fault occurrence time is determined, and counting the times of current arc discharge in the period of time to judge whether the fault is an arc grounding fault.
EXAMPLE III
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a distribution network arc light ground fault identification method provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
s1: acquiring fault phase voltage and zero sequence current waveform data of a fault, and judging the occurrence moment of the fault;
s2: and counting the occurrence frequency of the zero-sequence current arc discharge phenomenon in the fault in a preset time period when the fault occurs, and judging the type of the fault.
Optionally, the method comprises the steps of:
acquiring fault phase voltage and zero sequence current waveform data of a fault, and judging the occurrence moment of the fault;
calculating the normal phase voltage u of the line before the fault0Calculating the second cycle fault phase voltage u after the fault, and judging whether the fault phase voltage falls out of limit or not;
and counting the occurrence frequency of the zero-sequence current arc discharge phenomenon in the fault in a preset time period when the fault occurs, and judging the type of the fault.
Optionally, the fault type determination includes the following steps:
calculating a pulse peak judgment threshold Thr according to the zero sequence current;
calculating the number of primary pulse peaks, and detecting an arc discharge phenomenon in the zero-sequence current;
calculating the number of pulse spikes in a preset time period after the first cycle after the fault and setting a threshold value KthrAnd comparing and judging the fault type.
Optionally, the waveform data of the fault phase voltage and the zero sequence current in S1 is collected by a distribution network power system synchronous phasor measurement device.
Optionally, the method for determining whether the fault phase voltage drop exceeds the limit includes the following formula:
where u is the fault back phase voltage amplitude; u. of0A fault-front phase voltage amplitude; is the voltage drop threshold, which is determined to be 50% of the set value according to the experiment.
Optionally, the threshold Thr calculation includes calculating 10 times of the difference between adjacent sampling points under normal current, and the formula is as follows:
wherein N issIs the number of sampling points of the cycle,
sine wave with unit amplitude at sampling frequency NsThe maximum amplitude difference of the lower adjacent points;
namely, the zero sequence current integral value of the cycle is used as the current amplitude value for calculation.
Optionally, the calculating the number of pulse spikes includes: the duration of each discharging process is about 1ms, the rising or falling amplitude between every two adjacent points is calculated according to the 1ms time period, and the number of one-time pulse spikes is calculated when the rising or falling amplitude exceeds a set threshold. The formula is as follows:
wherein i' (t) is a zero sequence current primary difference sequence; thr is the set threshold. The first difference sequence i '(t) rises by the maximum amplitude i' (τ)max) Max (i '(t)), and a decreasing maximum amplitude i' (τ)min) Min (i' (t)), limiting the rising edge and the falling edge of the same zero sequence pulse peak, namely satisfying | τi-τi-1|>＝2ms。
Optionally, the fault type determination includes comparing the number of pulse spikes in a preset time period after the first cycle after the fault with a set threshold KthrBy comparison, if T > KthrThen, the arc grounding fault is represented by the following formula
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the pulse peak number of the ith cycle is calculated according to a window with the length of 10 cycles in which the first cycle is calculated after the fault is avoided.
An arc grounding fault truth value test is carried out on a 10kV power distribution network line, the test line is shown in figure 1, and the test obtained waveform is shown in figure 2. The test tests the single-phase earth fault on the line 10KV behind the bus. The experimental line is led out through a bus, and the tail end of the ZhepeiIII line is connected with a load in a fault area. And the grounding point is led out from the midpoint of the line and used for setting grounding point faults. The line measuring device before the grounding point can measure three-phase voltage, two-phase current and zero-sequence current. Eupeii III is the name of a line in FIG. 1, and here is the meaning of the test line.
The sampling frequency of the experiment was 20 kHz. According to the fault discrimination method designed by the application, zero-sequence current spike pulses with the length from the 2 nd cycle to the 12 th cycle after the fault are calculated, and the discharge times are calculated, as shown in table 1, the fault discharge times can be effectively calculated, and the capacity of identifying the arc light grounding fault type is strong.
The method for identifying the faults of the power distribution network achieves monitoring of the whole power distribution network through optimized distribution according to the synchronous phasor measurement device of the power system, and the fault identification method related to the application is established on the basis of the occurrence of the known faults. And judging the fault occurrence time according to fault waveform data acquired by the power system synchronous phasor measuring device, and extracting fault waveforms of a plurality of cycles before and after the fault occurs. Analyzing and processing the voltage and the zero sequence current in the arc discharge process after the fault occurs, detecting a specific spike pulse discharge form generated in the arc discharge process, counting the frequency of the arc discharge phenomenon occurring in the fault, and identifying the fault type.
Table 1 results of the calculation examples
| Actual number of arc discharges in fault | The method calculates the number of | |
| Failure test | ||
| 1 | 13 | 12 |
| |
10 | 10 |
| |
12 | 12 |
For the above results, a large number of simulation experiments and truth tests prove that the arc grounding fault identification method provided by the application can be used for identifying the arc grounding fault quickly and effectively.
The foregoing is merely a detailed description of embodiments of the invention that will enable those skilled in the art to understand or practice the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
It will be understood that the present application is not limited to what has been described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the application is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A distribution network arc grounding fault identification method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: acquiring fault phase voltage and zero sequence current waveform data of a fault, and judging the occurrence moment of the fault;
calculating the normal phase voltage u of the line before the fault0Calculating a second cycle fault phase voltage u after the fault, and judging whether the fault phase voltage falls out of limit or not, wherein the fault phase voltage and zero sequence current waveform data are collected by a distribution network power system synchronous phasor measuring device;
s2: counting the occurrence frequency of the zero-sequence current arc discharge phenomenon in the fault in a preset time period when the fault occurs, and judging the type of the fault;
the fault type judgment method comprises the following steps:
calculating a pulse peak judgment threshold Thr according to the zero sequence current;
calculating the number of primary pulse peaks, and detecting an arc discharge phenomenon in the zero-sequence current;
calculating the number of pulse spikes in a preset time period after the first cycle after the fault and setting a threshold value KthrAnd comparing and judging the fault type.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method of determining whether a faulted phase voltage droop is out-of-limit comprises the equation:
where u is the fault back phase voltage amplitude; u. of0A fault-front phase voltage amplitude; is the voltage droop threshold.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein said threshold Thr calculation comprises calculating 10 times the difference between adjacent sample points for a normal current, as follows:
wherein N issIs the number of sampling points of the cycle,
sine wave with unit amplitude at sampling frequency NsThe maximum amplitude difference of the lower adjacent points;
namely, the zero sequence current integral value of the cycle is used as the current amplitude value for calculation.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein said calculating a number of pulse spikes comprises: the duration of each discharging process is about 1ms, the rising or falling amplitude between every two adjacent points is calculated according to the 1ms time period, when the rising or falling amplitude exceeds a set threshold, the number of one-time pulse spikes is calculated, and the formula is as follows:
wherein i' (t) is a zero sequence current primary difference sequence; thr is a set threshold value, and the maximum amplitude i '(tau) of the rise of the first difference sequence i' (t)max) Max (i '(t)), and a decreasing maximum amplitude i' (τ)min) Min (i' (t)), limiting the rising edge and the falling edge of the same zero sequence pulse peak, namely satisfying | τi-τi-1|>＝2ms。
5. The method according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3 and 4, wherein the fault type judgment comprises the step of comparing the number of pulse spikes in a preset time period after the first cycle after the fault with a set threshold value KthrBy comparison, if T > KthrThen, the arc grounding fault is represented by the following formula
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the pulse peak number of the ith cycle is calculated according to a window with the length of 10 cycles in which the first cycle is calculated after the fault is avoided.
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| CN111579936B (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2021-12-03 | 上海交通大学 | Positioning method and system suitable for arc light grounding fault |
| CN114076872A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2022-02-22 | 北京映翰通网络技术股份有限公司 | Power distribution network fault reason analysis method |
| CN112083276A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-12-15 | 广东电网有限责任公司广州供电局 | Method and system for identifying arc grounding fault |
| CN112684282B (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2022-07-19 | 国网河北省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Power distribution network single-phase earth fault identification method and device and terminal equipment |
| CN112485595B (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2024-04-09 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Power distribution network ground fault line selection protection method and device |
| CN113219307B (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2021-10-15 | 武汉品迅科技有限公司 | Power distribution network arc light grounding fault identification method based on current traveling wave |
| CN113820570B (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2024-04-16 | 安徽莱特实业集团有限公司 | Arc discharge fault identification method based on triangular wave width ratio and double threshold setting |
| CN115343579B (en) * | 2022-10-20 | 2023-01-10 | 国网四川省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Power grid fault analysis method and device and electronic equipment |
| CN117909909A (en) * | 2024-03-19 | 2024-04-19 | 青岛鼎信通讯股份有限公司 | Arc grounding fault identification method for power distribution network |
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| CN102279349B (en) * | 2011-07-13 | 2013-10-02 | 国网电力科学研究院 | Low current grounding wire selection method based on residual current variable |
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