CN107727464B - Preparation method of layered seabed soil sample applied to one-dimensional cylinder test - Google Patents
Preparation method of layered seabed soil sample applied to one-dimensional cylinder test Download PDFInfo
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- CN107727464B CN107727464B CN201710859266.5A CN201710859266A CN107727464B CN 107727464 B CN107727464 B CN 107727464B CN 201710859266 A CN201710859266 A CN 201710859266A CN 107727464 B CN107727464 B CN 107727464B
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of a layered seabed soil sample applied to a one-dimensional cylinder test, which comprises the following steps: firstly, drying coarse sand and fine sand, and mixing the coarse sand and the fine sand in different proportions to obtain a stratified soil sample; then, a sample loading process is carried out, and the prepared soil sample is added into a main body cylinder part of the one-dimensional cylinder test equipment according to a certain mode; and finally, after the soil and the water are added into the main body cylinder, standing the soil sample for a period of time for saturation treatment to obtain a layered seabed soil sample capable of being subjected to a seabed dynamic response test. The preparation method of the layered seabed soil sample applied to the one-dimensional cylinder test is simple and reliable to operate, and the layered seabed soil sample for seabed dynamic response test research can be quickly prepared.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ocean engineering, in particular to a preparation method of a layered seabed soil sample applied to a one-dimensional cylinder test.
Background
The real seabed is often layered due to geological causes, for example, a seabed bearing layer near a Shangang of the upper ocean is composed of twelve layers of soil, and the layered seabed generally exists in actual engineering. At present, one-dimensional cylinder test equipment is widely applied to research on seabed soil response under the action of ocean loads such as waves. Therefore, research on the preparation of the layered seabed soil sample applied to the one-dimensional cylinder is necessary.
The dynamic response of the seabed under the action of the wave load is mainly researched by the conventional test method, but the limitations of the flume test and the centrifuge test in the depth direction of the seabed (the thickness of the seabed is not more than 1m) cannot simulate the condition of the layered seabed, so that no relevant literature exists for researching the response of the layered seabed under the action of the wave load by adopting the test method. In recent studies, one-dimensional cylinder test equipment is increasingly being used to study the dynamic response of the seabed under wave loading. In the one-dimensional cylinder test, the simulation of the response of the layered seabed soil body can be realized by adjusting the proportion and the height of the soil sample.
In the prior art, the literature search does not find a preparation method for researching a layered seabed soil sample applied to a one-dimensional cylinder test.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a preparation method of a layered seabed soil sample applied to a one-dimensional cylinder test, which can quickly prepare the layered seabed soil sample for seabed dynamic response test research.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a preparation method of a layered seabed soil sample applied to a one-dimensional cylinder test, which comprises the following steps:
s1: firstly, drying coarse sand and fine sand, and mixing the coarse sand and the fine sand according to different proportions to obtain a stratified soil sample;
s2: then starting a sample loading process, and adding the prepared stratified soil sample into a main body cylinder part of the one-dimensional cylinder test equipment, wherein the sample loading process comprises the following steps:
s21: installing an organic glass cylinder unit on a base of the one-dimensional cylinder test equipment, and then loading a soil sample according to a basic principle of sample loading;
s22: after the first organic glass cylinder unit finishes sample loading, a second organic glass cylinder unit is installed and sample loading is continued, the sample loading process is finished by analogy, and a layer of white sand is added at the junction of the soil layer;
s23: completing the whole sample adding process by analogy of steps S21 and S22 to meet the requirement of experimental design;
s3: and finally, after soil and water are added into the main cylindrical part, standing the soil sample for saturation treatment to obtain a layered seabed soil sample for testing.
Preferably, in S1, the blending of the coarse sand and the fine sand refers to: and mixing the coarse sand and the fine sand by using a high-speed stirrer.
Preferably, in S1, the step of obtaining the stratified soil sample includes the steps of:
s11: firstly, air-drying coarse sand and fine sand to ensure that the quality of the coarse sand and the quality of the fine sand are accurately weighed;
s12: weighing fine sand, putting the fine sand into a charging barrel of a stirrer, and starting the stirrer to run at a low speed;
s13: then weighing coarse sand with specified mass according to a given mixing proportion, keeping the stirrer to continuously run at low speed, and gradually adding the coarse sand into a charging barrel of the stirrer;
s14: after all coarse sand is completely added into the charging barrel of the stirrer, increasing the rotating speed of the stirrer to be intermediate speed and continuously stirring for about 5 min;
s15: and finally, taking out the stratified soil sample with the coarse sand and the fine sand mixed uniformly, and repeating the steps from S11 to S15 to obtain stratified soil samples with different mixing ratios.
More preferably, in S13, the given mixing ratio is: the mixing proportion of the coarse sand and the fine sand in each layer of seabed is mcAnd mfTo show that:
mc＝wc/wm，
mf＝wf/wm，
wherein: w is acAnd wfRespectively representing the mass of coarse sand and fine sand in each layer of seabed soil sample, wmAnd the total mass of the seabed soil sample of the layer is shown.
Preferably, in S21, the basic principle of sample loading includes: quality control principle and uniform compaction principle; wherein:
-quality control principle, meaning: determining the relative compactness and permeability coefficient of the seabed by controlling the initial relative density of the seabed soil sample;
-principle of uniform compaction, meaning: in order to make the sample loading process uniform, the sample loading process of each plexiglass cylinder unit is divided into three times.
More preferably, the method for ensuring the initial relative density of the seabed soil sample is as follows: reversely deducing the mass of the seabed soil sample to be applied in the designed volume according to the set relative density, and then controlling the soil sample in the designed volume by using a mallet according to the compaction mode of the seabed soil sample.
Preferably, in S22, after the sample loading process is completed, a layer of white sand is added at the boundary of each layer of soil, so that the boundary between different soil layers of the seabed can be distinguished by visual observation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the preparation method of the invention adopts coarse sand and fine sand to be mixed according to different mixing proportions to obtain a stratified soil sample, and the soil sample is loaded into one-dimensional cylindrical test equipment according to a quality control principle and an even compaction principle, and finally stands for a period of time for saturation treatment to obtain the layered seabed soil sample. The invention has simple principle and simple and reliable operation, and can quickly prepare the layered seabed soil sample for seabed dynamic response test research.
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Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 illustrates a method for compacting a seabed soil sample according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications can be made by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for preparing a layered seabed soil sample applied to a one-dimensional cylinder test comprises the following steps:
s1: obtaining a stratified soil sample: firstly, drying coarse sand and fine sand, and mixing the coarse sand and the fine sand according to different proportions, wherein the mixing proportion of the coarse sand and the fine sand in each layer of seabed is mcAnd mfThe formula for calculating the mixing proportion of coarse sand and fine sand is as follows:
mc＝wc/wm，
mf＝wf/wm，
wherein: w is acAnd wfRespectively representing coarse sand and fine sand in each layer of seabed soil sampleMass of sand, wmAnd the total mass of the seabed soil sample of the layer is shown.
The method for obtaining the stratified soil sample by mixing the coarse sand and the fine sand comprises five steps:
s11: firstly, drying coarse sand and fine sand to ensure that the quality of the coarse sand and the quality of the fine sand can be accurately weighed;
s12: weighing fine sand, putting the fine sand into a charging barrel of a stirrer, and starting the stirrer to run at a low speed;
s13: then weighing coarse sand with specified mass according to a given mixing proportion, keeping the stirrer to continuously run at low speed, and gradually adding the coarse sand into the charging barrel;
s14: after all coarse sand is completely added into the charging barrel, increasing the rotating speed of the stirrer to a medium speed and continuously stirring for about 5 min;
s15: and finally, taking out the stratified soil sample with the coarse sand and the fine sand mixed uniformly, and repeating the steps S11-S15 to obtain stratified soil samples with different mixing ratios.
S2: loading the layered soil: adding the prepared soil sample into a main cylindrical part of the one-dimensional cylindrical equipment according to a quality control principle and an even compaction principle; specifically, the method comprises the following three steps:
s21: firstly, installing an organic glass cylinder unit on a base of a one-dimensional cylinder test device, then reversely deducing the mass of a seabed soil sample to be added in the organic glass cylinder unit according to the set relative density, and adding the sample into the organic glass cylinder unit for three times; in each sample loading process, firstly, a layer of wire gauze is placed on the organic glass cylinder unit, and then the soil sample is uniformly distributed to the organic glass cylinder through the wire gauze;
in the process of loading each layer of soil sample, in order to ensure the initial relative density of the seabed soil sample, a mallet is required to control the soil sample within the designed height (namely within the designed volume). As shown in fig. 2, in order to ensure the uniform compaction of the seabed soil sample, a specific method for symmetrically and uniformly compacting the seabed soil sample in the test is provided, and solid black circles, namely, points in the figure represent positions where the mallets need to strike. The method comprises the following specific steps:
in the figure: the position points where the wooden mallet needs to strike form two concentric circles, namely a first circle and a second circle, the circle centers of the two circles are points P, and the second circle is located in the first circle.
In the position points to be knocked by the mallet, the point A, the point B, the point C, the point D, the point A1, the point B1, the point C1 and the point D1 are all located on the circumference of a first circle, wherein the point A and the point B are located on the same diameter and are symmetrical about the circle center, and similarly, the points A1, the point B1, the point C, the point D, the point C1 and the point D1 are also located on the same diameter and are symmetrical about the circle center P; when points a are taken as starting points, the order of the points arranged clockwise on the circumference is as follows: A-C1-C-B1-B-D1-D-A1-A, thereby forming the circumference of the first circle, and the positions of the points on the circumference of the first circle are evenly distributed.
Among the position points to be knocked by the mallet, points F, E, F1, E1, H, G, H1 and G1 are all located on the circumference of a second circle, wherein the points F and E are located on the same diameter and are symmetrical about a circle center P, and similarly, the points F1, E1, H and G, H1 and G1 are also located on the same diameter and are symmetrical about the circle center; when points F are taken as starting points, the order of the points arranged clockwise on the circumference is: F-G1-G-E1-E-H1-H-F1-F, thereby forming the circumference of the second circle, and the positions of the points on the circumference of the second circle are evenly distributed.
Among the points, point A, point F, point E and point B are positioned on the same straight line and pass through the circle center P;
among the points, the point C1, the point G1, the point H1 and the point D1 are positioned on the same straight line and pass through the circle center P;
among the points, the point C, the point G, the point H and the point D are positioned on the same straight line and pass through a circle center P;
among the points, the point B1, the point E1, the point F1 and the point A1 are positioned on the same straight line and pass through a circle center P;
when a dense seabed soil sample needs to be controlled, all the compaction points on the first circle and the second circle are compacted symmetrically, and the specific operation is as follows:
firstly, sequentially compacting an A point, a B point, an F point and an E point along an A-B section; c point, D point, G point and H point are compacted along the C-D section in sequence; then, firstly, a circle center P point is struck, and then, an A1 point, a B1 point, an F1 point and an E1 point are struck in sequence along the section A1-B1; and finally, sequentially striking C1, D1, G1 and H1 along the C1-D1 sections. If the specified height can not be reached after the compaction for one time, carrying out compaction for the second time according to the rule until the soil sample is compacted to the specified height;
when a loose seabed soil sample needs to be controlled, the operation is carried out according to the following compaction process:
firstly, sequentially compacting an A point, a B point, an F point and an E point along an A-B section; and C point, D point, G point and H point are compacted along the C-D section in sequence.
The above description of fig. 2 is only a description of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and those skilled in the art will understand that in other embodiments, other numbers of points may be selected, and the technical purpose of the present invention may be achieved.
S22: and after the first organic glass cylindrical unit finishes sample loading, installing a second organic glass cylindrical unit and continuously loading the sample, and paving a layer of thin white sand against the side wall of the organic glass cylindrical unit when a layer of soil finishes sample loading, so that the boundaries of different soil layers are distinguished.
And S23, repeating the steps S21 and S22 to complete the whole sample loading process and reach the required height of the experimental design.
S3: and (3) carrying out layered seabed soil sample saturation treatment: and finally, after soil and water are added into the main body cylinder, standing the soil sample for a period of time for saturation. In the process of soil sample saturation, in order to accelerate the saturation process of the seabed soil sample and better simulate the real seabed situation (namely the early consolidation process), the hydrostatic pressure of 100kPa needs to be applied to the surface of the seabed soil. For sandy seabed, the hydrostatic pressure is generally applied for about 20 hours; finally, the layered seabed soil sample which can be used for seabed dynamic response test is obtained.
The invention provides a preparation method of a layered seabed soil sample applied to one-dimensional cylinder test equipment, which comprises the steps of mixing coarse sand and fine sand according to different mixing proportions to obtain a layered soil sample, loading the layered soil sample into the one-dimensional cylinder test equipment according to a quality control principle and an even compaction principle, and finally standing for a period of time for saturation treatment to obtain the layered seabed soil sample. The invention has simple principle and simple and reliable operation, and can quickly prepare the layered seabed soil sample for seabed dynamic response test research.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A preparation method of a layered seabed soil sample applied to a one-dimensional cylinder test is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: firstly, drying coarse sand and fine sand, and mixing the coarse sand and the fine sand according to different proportions to obtain a stratified soil sample;
s2: then starting a sample loading process, and adding the prepared stratified soil sample into a main body cylinder part of the one-dimensional cylinder test equipment, wherein the sample loading process comprises the following steps:
s21: installing an organic glass cylinder unit on a base of the one-dimensional cylinder test equipment, and then loading a soil sample according to a basic principle of sample loading; wherein:
the basic principle of sample loading comprises the following steps: quality control principle and uniform compaction principle;
the quality control principle is as follows: determining the relative compactness and permeability coefficient of the seabed by controlling the initial relative density of the seabed soil sample;
the method for ensuring the initial relative density of the seabed soil sample comprises the following steps: reversely deducing the mass of the seabed soil sample required to be applied in the design volume according to the set relative density, and then controlling the soil sample in the design volume by using a mallet according to the compaction mode of the seabed soil sample;
s22: after the first organic glass cylinder unit finishes sample loading, a second organic glass cylinder unit is installed and sample loading is continued, the sample loading process is finished by analogy, and a layer of white sand is added at the junction of the soil layer;
s23: completing the whole sample adding process according to the operations of the steps S21 and S22 to meet the requirement of experimental design;
s3: and finally, after soil and water are added into the main cylindrical part, standing the soil sample for saturation treatment to obtain a layered seabed soil sample for testing.
2. The method for preparing a layered seabed soil sample applied to a one-dimensional cylinder test as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S1, the mixing of the coarse sand and the fine sand is: and mixing the coarse sand and the fine sand by using a high-speed stirrer.
3. The method for preparing a layered seabed soil sample applied to the one-dimensional cylinder test as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining the layered soil sample in S1 comprises the following steps:
s11: firstly, air-drying coarse sand and fine sand to ensure that the quality of the coarse sand and the quality of the fine sand are accurately weighed;
s12: weighing fine sand, putting the fine sand into a charging barrel of a stirrer, and starting the stirrer to run at a low speed;
s13: then weighing coarse sand with specified mass according to a given mixing proportion, keeping the stirrer to continuously run at low speed, and gradually adding the coarse sand into a charging barrel of the stirrer;
s14: after all coarse sand is completely added into the charging barrel of the stirrer, increasing the rotating speed of the stirrer to a medium speed and continuously stirring for 5 min;
s15: and finally, taking out the stratified soil sample with the coarse sand and the fine sand mixed uniformly, and repeating the steps from S11 to S15 to obtain stratified soil samples with different mixing ratios.
4. The method for preparing a layered seabed soil sample applied to a one-dimensional cylinder test as claimed in claim 3, wherein in S13, the given mixing ratio is: the mixing proportion of the coarse sand and the fine sand in each layer of seabed is mcAnd mfTo show that:
mc＝Wc/Wm，
mf＝Wf/Wm，
wherein: wcAnd WfRespectively representing the mass of coarse sand and fine sand in each layer of seabed soil sample, WmAnd the total mass of the seabed soil sample of the layer is shown.
5. The method for preparing the layered seabed soil sample applied to the one-dimensional cylinder test as claimed in claim 1, wherein the compaction mode of the seabed soil sample is as follows:
the positions to be knocked by the wooden mallet form two concentric circles, namely a first circle and a second circle, the centers of the two circles are points P, and the second circle is positioned in the first circle;
in the position points to be knocked by the mallet, the point A, the point B, the point C, the point D, the point A1, the point B1, the point C1 and the point D1 are all located on the circumference of a first circle, wherein the point A and the point B are located on the same diameter and are symmetrical about the circle center, and similarly, the points A1, the point B1, the point C, the point D, the point C1 and the point D1 are also located on the same diameter and are symmetrical about the circle center P; when points a are taken as starting points, the order of the points arranged clockwise on the circumference is as follows: A-C1-C-B1-B-D1-D-A1-A, thereby forming the circumference of the first circle, and the positions of the points on the circumference of the first circle are evenly distributed;
among the position points to be knocked by the hammer, points F, E, F1, E1, H, G, H1 and G1 are all located on the circumference of a second circle, wherein the points F and E are located on the same diameter and are symmetrical about a circle center P, and similarly, the points F1, E1, H and G, H1 and G1 are also located on the same diameter and are symmetrical about the circle center P; when points F are taken as starting points, the order of the points arranged clockwise on the circumference is: F-G1-G-E1-E-H1-H-F1-F, thereby forming the circumference of the second circle, and the positions of the points on the circumference of the second circle are evenly distributed;
the point A, the point F, the point E and the point B are positioned on the same straight line and pass through the circle center P;
the point C1, the point G1, the point H1 and the point D1 are positioned on the same straight line and pass through a circle center P;
the point C, the point G, the point H and the point D are positioned on the same straight line and pass through the circle center P;
the point B1, the point E1, the point F1 and the point A1 are positioned on the same straight line and pass through a circle center P;
when the soil sample needs to be controlled to be a dense seabed soil sample, all the compaction points on the first circle and the second circle are compacted symmetrically, and the specific operation is as follows: firstly, sequentially compacting an A point, a B point, an F point and an E point along an A-B section; c point, D point, G point and H point are compacted along the C-D section in sequence; then, firstly, a circle center P point is struck, and then, an A1 point, a B1 point, an F1 point and an E1 point are struck in sequence along the section A1-B1; finally, sequentially compacting a C1 point, a D1 point, a G1 point and an H1 point along a C1-D1 section; if the specified height can not be reached after the compaction for one time, carrying out compaction for the second time according to the rule until the soil sample is compacted to the specified height;
when a loose seabed soil sample needs to be controlled, the operation is carried out according to the following compaction process: firstly, sequentially compacting the points A, B, F and E along the section A-B, and then sequentially compacting the points C, D, G and H along the section C-D.
6. The method for preparing the layered seabed soil sample applied to the one-dimensional cylinder test as claimed in claim 1, wherein the uniform compaction principle is as follows: in order to make the sample loading process uniform, the sample loading process of each plexiglass cylinder unit is divided into three times.
7. The method for preparing a layered seabed soil sample for the one-dimensional cylinder test as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein in S22, after the sample loading process is completed, a layer of white sand is added at the boundary of each layer of soil, so that the boundary between different soil layers of the seabed can be distinguished by visual observation.
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