CN107725156A - System and method for controlling detection and cleaning diesel exhaust gas fluid ejector deposit - Google Patents

System and method for controlling detection and cleaning diesel exhaust gas fluid ejector deposit Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107725156A
CN107725156A CN201710588139.6A CN201710588139A CN107725156A CN 107725156 A CN107725156 A CN 107725156A CN 201710588139 A CN201710588139 A CN 201710588139A CN 107725156 A CN107725156 A CN 107725156A
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China
Prior art keywords
def
controller
ltaf
threshold
exhaust gas
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CN201710588139.6A
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CN107725156B (en
Inventor
R·阿拉达尼斯
G·大卫
L·N·迪潘纳
P·E·埃尔南德斯加西亚
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GM Global Technology Operations LLC
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GM Global Technology Operations LLC
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • F01N3/208—Control of selective catalytic reduction [SCR], e.g. dosing of reducing agent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B01D53/9459—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts
    • B01D53/9477—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts with catalysts positioned on separate bricks, e.g. exhaust systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B01D53/9495—Controlling the catalytic process
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B9/00—Cleaning hollow articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto
    • B08B9/08—Cleaning containers, e.g. tanks
    • B08B9/0865—Cleaning containers, e.g. tanks by burning-out
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N11/00—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/103—Oxidation catalysts for HC and CO only
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
    • F01N3/2033—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using a fuel burner or introducing fuel into exhaust duct
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/20—Reductants
    • B01D2251/206—Ammonium compounds
    • B01D2251/2067—Urea
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/90—Physical characteristics of catalysts
    • B01D2255/904—Multiple catalysts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/01—Engine exhaust gases
    • B01D2258/012—Diesel engines and lean burn gasoline engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
    • F01N2560/02—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor
    • F01N2560/026—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor for measuring or detecting NOx
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/03—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being hydrocarbons, e.g. engine fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/04—Methods of control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/0412—Methods of control or diagnosing using pre-calibrated maps, tables or charts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/04—Methods of control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/0416—Methods of control or diagnosing using the state of a sensor, e.g. of an exhaust gas sensor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/08—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the engine
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of method for controlling exhaust after treatment system, the exhaust after treatment system is connected to diesel engine via gas passage and has diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) and " diesel exhaust gas fluid " (DEF) injector, it is somebody's turn to do " diesel exhaust gas fluid " (DEF) injector and is arranged in DOC downstream and the upstream of selective catalytic reduction catalysts (SCR), this method includes the exhaust gas stream that detection is sent to by engine in gas passage.This method also includes the nitrogen oxides (NO in detection SCR downstream exhaust gas gasesx) horizontal.This method is additionally included in certain time activation DEF injectors with by NOxLevel be reduced to predetermined NOxValue.In addition, this method includes：If it is used for NOxLevel is reduced to predetermined NOxThe period of value is more than predetermined threshold, then adjusts the injection of DOC upstream fuels via hot exhaust gases stream is crossed to clean DEF injectors.

Description

For control detection and cleaning diesel exhaust gas fluid ejector deposit system and Method
Technical field
Present disclosure is related to a kind of designed for detecting and cleaning the diesel exhaust gas fluid (DEF) in explosive motor The system and method for deposit on injector.
Background technology
Various exhaust aftertreatments (AT) device, such as particulate filter and other devices have been developed, have effectively been limited Exhaust emissions from explosive motor.After being frequently used for the exhaust of modern lean-burn internal combustion engine (for example, compression ignition type) One of processing unit is selective catalytic reduction catalysts (SCR).
SCR is configured to by means of being produced by another exhaust gas post-treatment device (being typically diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC)) NO2, by nitrogen oxides (NOX) it is converted into diatomic nitrogen (N2) and water (H2O).In order to effectively remove NOX, SCR conversion processes are another Outer ammonia (the NH for needing to have scheduled volume in exhaust gas stream3)。
When reducing agent is used for diesel engine, SCR conversion processes can additionally need it is controlled or metering there is common name The referred to as reducing agent of " diesel exhaust gas fluid " (DEF).This reducing agent can be the aqueous solution of urea comprising water and ammonia.
The content of the invention
A kind of method adjusts the operation of exhaust aftertreatment (AT) system using controller, exhaust aftertreatment (AT) system Diesel internal combustion engine is connected to via gas passage, and there is diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) and " diesel exhaust gas stream Body " (DEF) injector, " diesel exhaust gas fluid " (DEF) injector is arranged in DOC downstream and SCR is urged The upstream of agent (SCR).This method includes the operation that detection engine produces the exhaust gas stream being directed in gas passage.Should Method is also including the use of the NO to be communicated with controllerXSensor detects the nitrogen oxides (NO in SCR downstream exhaust gas gasesX) It is horizontal.This method is additionally included in a period of time activation DEF injectors with by the NO in SCR downstreamsXLevel be reduced to it is predetermined NOXValue.In addition, this method includes the fuel injections of regulation SCR upstreams to produce hot exhaust gases stream, and so as to, if For by the NO in SCR downstreamsXLevel is reduced to predetermined NOXThe period of value is more than the predetermined threshold period, then cleans DEF injections Device.
Controller can include timer.In this case, this method can also be assessed including the use of timer and is used for DEF injectors are activated with by the NO in SCR downstreamsXLevel is reduced to predetermined NOXThe period of value.
AT systems can also include with controller electronic communication and operationally trigger the solenoid of DEF injectors. In this case, this method can also be included the period for activating DEF injectors with being used in activation spiral shell by controller The long-term Adaptation factor (LTAF) (that is, multiplication factor) of spool is associated.In addition, this method can include being used to activate DEF The predetermined threshold period of injector is associated with being used in the solenoidal first threshold LTAF of activation by controller.
Controller can be programmed using look-up table, the look-up table by for activate periods of DEF injectors with LTAF is associated.
DEF injectors can include being configured to the nozzle being directed to DEF in gas passage.First threshold LTAF can be with table Show and urea deposit has been formed at the nozzle of DEF injectors, in this case, figure of being sprayed as caused by DEF injectors Case may negatively be influenceed by urea deposit.
The action of regulation fuel injection can be configured as burning urea deposit at the nozzle of DEF injectors.
Controller can use the NO for the scheduled volume for representing to arrive in SCR detected downstreamsXSecond Threshold LTAF be programmed. In this case, Second Threshold LTAF is more than first threshold LTAF, and if this method can also include reach Second Threshold LTAF then produces transducing signal.
Diesel engine may be mounted in vehicle.Second Threshold LTAF can be in the range of 1.1 to 1.3.
Second Threshold LTAF can be more than first threshold LTAF at least 10%.
Engine can include air bleeding valve and fuel injector, in this case, when the exhaust valve is opened, can pass through Fuel injector realizes that regulation fuel injection enters the action of gas passage in engine interior.
Another embodiment of present disclosure is related to a kind of AT systems with controller.
When with reference to accompanying drawing and appended claims, the features described above and advantage and other features of present disclosure and Advantage will be from the detailed description to embodiment below and apparent for performing the optimal mode of described disclosure.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic plan view of the vehicle with the diesel engine for being connected to gas extraction system, and the gas extraction system has Have using post processing (AT) system for being used for " diesel exhaust gas fluid " (DEF) injector for reducing exhaust emissions.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart for the method for cleaning the DEF injectors in the AT systems shown in Fig. 1.
Embodiment
Refer to the attached drawing, wherein identical reference refer to identical part in all several views, and Fig. 1 is schematically Depict motor vehicles 6.Vehicle 6 includes being configured to by promoting the compression ignition of vehicle or diesel internal combustion to send out from driving wheel 10 Motivation 8.The surrounding air stream 12 of specified quantitative is being mixed with the fuel 14 of the metered amount from fuel tank 16, the metered amount Fuel 14 is ejected into the cylinder 18 of engine via respective fuel injector 20, and resulting air-fuel mixes When thing is compressed in cylinder, the internal combustion in diesel engine 8 occurs.
As illustrated, engine 8 includes multiple air bleeding valves 22, and it is fluidly connected to turbocharger 24.Air bleeding valve 22 are configured to that exhaust gas stream 26 optionally is sent into turbocharger 24 from the individual cylinder 18 of engine 8.Every After individual combustion incident, turbocharger 24 by the exhaust gas stream 26 that engine 8 discharges by air bleeding valve 22 by supplying energy. Turbocharger 24 is connected to gas extraction system 28, and gas extraction system 28 receives exhaust gas stream 26, and final generally in the side of vehicle 6 Gas stream is discharged into environment by face or afterbody.Engine 8 can also include being attached to air bleeding valve 22 and turbocharger 24 it Between engine structure exhaust manifold (not shown), or engine can include the exhaust that is bonded directly in engine and lead to Road 29, such as the cylinder head of engine.In addition, although showing turbocharger 24, but it is not excluded that not such Engine 8 is configured and operated under power increaser.
Vehicle 6 also includes diesel engine post processing (AT) system 30.AT systems 30 include multiple exhaust gas post-treatment devices, It is configured (that is, construct and arrange) removes particulate matter (PM) or cigarette ash (that is, is sent out into orderly from exhaust gas stream 26 The carbon containing accessory substance of major part and discharge composition of motivation burning).As illustrated, one as gas extraction system 28 of AT systems 30 Divide operation, the gas extraction system 28 includes for AT systems 30 being connected to the exhaust gas passage 28A of engine 8.AT systems 30 include Diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) 32.DOC 32 major function is to reduce carbon monoxide (CO) and non-methane hydrocarbon (NMHC).This Outside, DOC 32 is configured as producing nitrogen dioxide (NO2), it is arranged on the selective catalytic reduction catalysts in the downstreams of DOC 32 (SCR) required for 34.DOC 32 generally comprises the catalyst material being made up of noble metal (for example, platinum and/or palladium), and it is at it In work to realize above-mentioned purpose.Generally, on producing NO2, DOC 32 becomes to activate and reaches behaviour at elevated temperature Make efficiency.Therefore, as shown in figure 1, DOC 32 can be with close-coupled to turbocharger 24, so as to before gas reaches DOC Reduce the heat-energy losses from exhaust gas stream 26.
On the other hand, SCR 34 is configured as by means of the NO as caused by DOC 322By NOXIt is converted into diatomic nitrogen (N2) With water (H2O).Being typically chosen property catalysis reduction (SCR) conversion process additionally needs controlled or metered amount reducing agent, works as reduction When agent is used for diesel engine, it has adopted name " diesel exhaust gas fluid " (DEF) 36.DEF 36 can be comprising water and Ammonia (NH3) aqueous solution of urea.DEF 36 is by DEF injectors 38 from the AT systems positioned at the downstreams of DOC 32 and the upstreams of SCR 34 The holder 40 of opening position in 30 is incorporated into exhaust gas stream 26.Therefore, when exhaust gas stream 26 flows through SCR, DEF 36 enter SCR 34.SCR 34 inner surface includes being used for the washcoat layer for attracting DEF 36 so that DEF can be in NO and NO2 In the presence of interacted with exhaust gas stream 26, and produce chemical reaction to reduce the NO from engine 8XDischarge.AT systems 30 also include being arranged in the downstreams of SCR 34 and are configured and (that is, construct) into the NO in the exhaust gas stream 26 of detection SCR afterbodysXWater Flat NOXSensor 39.
As illustrated, after SCR 34, exhaust gas stream 26 advances to the second diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) 42, the Two diesel oxidation catalysts (DOC) 42 are arranged and in diesel particulate mistake in tandem with diesel particulate filter (DPF) 44 The upstream of filter (DPF) 44.DOC 42 and DPF 44 can be contained in single tank 46, as shown in Figure 1.DOC 42 be configured as by The hydrocarbon being present in exhaust gas stream 26 and Oxidation of Carbon Monoxide are into carbon dioxide (CO2) and water.DPF 44 is configured to arranging The particulate matter that gas gas stream 26 is collected before being discharged into air and processing is discharged by engine 8.Therefore, the effects of DPF 44 In the trap that particulate matter particularly cigarette ash is removed from exhaust stream.It is every in DOC 42 and DPF 44 similar to above-mentioned DOC 32 One usually contains noble metal, such as platinum and/or palladium, and it is used as catalyst to realize its respective mesh in this subject apparatus 's.After DOC 42 and DPF 44 in by tank 46, exhaust gas stream 26 is considered as fully cleaning of harmful particulate matter, And discharge gas extraction system 28 can then allow for arrive air.
AT systems 30 can also include multiple hygrosensors (typically being represented with reference 48), and it is configured to sense The temperature of exhaust gas stream 26 at each point in the downstream of engine 8.AT systems 30 also include controller 50.According in the disclosure Hold, controller 50 is configured as adjusting the operation of engine 8, and AT systems 30 (including exhaust gas post-treatment device, i.e. DOC 32nd, SCR 34, DOC 42, DPF 44 and DEF injectors 38) operation.In addition, controller 50 and NOXSensor 39 and temperature The telecommunication of detector 48, for receiving operation data, to influence the feedback control of AT systems 30 during the operation of engine 8.
Controller 50 can include CPU (CPU) and engine control module (ECM), CPU (CPU) various functions of vehicle 6 are adjusted and system or be configured as is configured to control hybrid powertrain (not shown) Power train control module (PCM), engine control module (ECM) be configured as control explosive motor 8 (shown in Fig. 1) or other The power set of alternative type.Controller 50 can also be configured as the nonshared control unit of AT systems 30.In order to suitably control The operation of AT systems 30, controller 50 include memory, and wherein at least some memory is tangible and non-transient.Memory It can be any recordable media for participating in providing mechanized data or process instruction.This medium can take many shapes Formula, including but not limited to non-volatile media and Volatile media.
Non-volatile media for controller 50 can include such as CD or disk and other long-time memorys.Easily The property lost medium can include such as dynamic random access memory (DRAM), and it may be constructed main storage.Such instruction can So that by one or more some transmission mediums, one or more of transmission mediums include coaxial cable, copper cash and optical fiber, including Following lead：The lead includes the system bus for being connected to computer processor.The memory of controller 50 can also include Floppy disk, flexible disk, hard disk, tape, any other magnetizing mediums, CD-ROM, DVD, any other optical medium etc..Controller 50 can Be configured or equipped with the computer hardware needed for other, for example, timer or high-frequency clock 52 (its can inside controller, As shown in Figure 1), required analog to digital (A/D) and/or digital-to-analog (D/A) circuit, any necessary input/output electricity Road and device (I/O) and appropriate Signal Regulation and/or buffer circuit.Needed for controller 50 or addressable any calculation Method can be stored in memory and be performed automatically to provide required function.
DEF injectors 38 include being configured as the nozzle 38A being directed to DEF 36 in gas passage 28A.In engine 8 Operation during, the nozzle 38A of DEF injectors 38 may undergo the fouling of the urea deposit of crystallization.The certain operations of vehicle 6 Pattern --- for example trailer pulls --- can produce the elevated temperature of exhaust gas stream 26 at injector nozzle 38A Degree, is followed by short-term or of short duration cool time section, it is shown as helping to form urea deposit.Such condition tendency In increase DEF injector nozzles 38A temperature, injector nozzle is set to be cooled to exhaust gas stream 26 without time enough Temperature.In the case where DEF injectors 38 are reactivated before its cooling, DEF 36 will be by being enough to crystallize thereon The thermal sprayer nozzle 38A injections of urea.Urea crystals deposit at injector nozzle 38A or above can continue through The other circulations of aforesaid operations grows.Finally, sufficiently large deposit can negatively affect the performance of DEF injectors 38, example Such as change DEF sprayings path and/or reduce spray pattern, and may finally influence the NO in exhaust gas stream 26XRow Put.
In order to offset the formation of the urea deposit on the nozzle 38A of DEF injectors 38, controller 50 is configured (i.e., Programming) exhaust gas stream 26 is produced to the operation of engine 8 in exhaust gas passage 28A into detection.Controller 50 goes back quilt It is configured to via NOXSensor 39 detects the NO in the exhaust gas stream 26 in SCR34 downstreamsXIt is horizontal.Controller 50 is additionally configured Into the activation DEF injectors 38 in certain time 54, by the NO in the downstreams of SCR 34XLevel be reduced to predetermined NOXValue 56. Predetermined NOXValue 56 can represent the NO of the maximum receivable level from engine 8XDischarge.
Controller 50 is further configured to injection of the regulation in the fuel 14 of the upstreams of SCR 34, is used for producing from nozzle 38A cleaning urea deposits cross hot exhaust gases stream 26.Such hot exhaust gases stream 26 of crossing can be via passing through combustion as follows Material burns and produced in passage 28A：The fuel 14 of metered amount is ejected into engine 8 and led to by fuel injector 20 The air bleeding valve 22 opened is crossed to enter in passage 28A.Alternatively, can be directly entered via special auxiliary hydrocarbon (HC) injector 58 Hot exhaust gases stream 26 was produced in the passage 28A of the upstream of DEF injectors 38.Nozzle 38A temperature will be from hot exhaust gases excessively 26 dramatically increase, so as to from injector nozzle clean or burn urea deposit.Temperature higher than 100 degrees Celsius be typically enough to from Injector nozzle 38A cleans urea deposit.
If DEF injectors 38 need to activate with by the NO in the downstreams of SCR 34XLevel be reduced to predetermined NOXValue 56 when Between section 54 be more than the predetermined threshold period 60, then hot exhaust gases stream 26 can be triggered by controller 50, with clean spray Mouth 38A.In other words, if DEF injectors 38 need to be activated an excess amount of time with by NOXDischarge is reduced to expectation water It is flat, then it can trigger fuel injection.Controller 50 can be assessed for activating needed for DEF injectors 38 using timer 52 With by the NO in the downstreams of SCR 34XLevel be reduced to predetermined NOXThe period 54 of value 56.
AT systems 30 can also include the solenoid 62 for operationally triggering DEF injectors 38.Solenoid 62 and controller 50 electronic communications.Controller 50 can be programmed with lookup or tables of data 64, the lookup or tables of data 64 will be used to activate The period 54 of DEF injectors 38 is associated with the long-term Adaptation factor (LTAF) for activating solenoid 62.Generally, LTAF is used Act on the time needed for regulation activation solenoid 62 and the multiplication factor of resulting DEF 36 injections.The reference of inquiry table 64 Data can empirically be worked out during the test and checking of AT systems 30.Controller 50 is typically programmed to assess in engine The change of LTAF during 8 operation, and change subsequent DEF 36 and spray, by the NO in the downstreams of SCR 34XHorizontal drop It is low to arrive predetermined NOXValue 56.As a result, generally, LTAF will be increased up the nozzle for being arranged to triggering and being used to clean DEF injectors 38 The first threshold LTAF 66 of 38A program.Because the urea deposit at nozzle 38A reduces the effective of DEF injectors 38 Property, and NOXDischarge is not reduced with expected speed, so urea deposit will influence LTAF, that is, increases LTAF.
The predetermined threshold period 60 for activating DEF injectors 38 can also be with the first threshold that is used by controller 50 LTAF 66 is associated, for example, a part for look-up table 64 as shown in Figure 1, to activate solenoid 62.Sprayed above-mentioned by DEF In the case that spray pattern is negatively affected by urea deposit caused by device, first threshold LTAF 66 can represent to spray in DEF Crystallization urea deposit has been formed at the nozzle 38A of device 38.First threshold LTAF 66 can be arranged on 1.1 to 1.3 scope It is interior.In order to manage urea deposit everywhere in nozzle 38A, fuel injector 20 or auxiliary hydrocarbon injector 58 can be adjusted by controller 50 Section is with spray fuel 14, so as to the assessed urea deposit that burnt at the nozzle 38A of DEF injectors 38.Therefore, controller 50 can trigger nozzle 38A cleaning procedure using first threshold LTAF 66.
Controller 50 can be programmed with Second Threshold LTAF68 in addition, and Second Threshold LTA F68 can be with SCR 34 The NO for the scheduled volume that detected downstream arrivesXIt is associated and therefore represents predetermined amount of NOX.As shown in figure 1, Second Threshold LTA F68 can be for example as look-up table 64 a part be programmed into controller.According to present disclosure, Second Threshold LTA F68 can be set as than first threshold LTAF 66 greatly, such as big at least 10%.If reaching Second Threshold LTA F68, control Device processed can be additionally configured to produce transducing signal 70.Transducing signal 70 can be that predetermined digital code or vision or the sense of hearing show Show, it is intended to be set to alert the operator of vehicle 6, to indicate the AT systems 30 that need repairing, and/or to be responsible for diagnosis AT systems The maintenance technician of problem provides Informational support.
Fig. 2 depicts the method that AT systems 30 are controlled when AT systems 30 are connected to engine 8 via gas passage 28A 80, it is such as described in reference diagram 1 above.This method starts in frame 82, and wherein this method includes detecting engine 8 via controller 50 Produce the operation for the exhaust gas stream 26 being directed in gas passage 28A.After block 82, this method proceeds to frame 84, wherein This method is including the use of NOXSensor 39 detects the NO in the exhaust gas 26 in the downstreams of SCR 34 via controller 50XIt is horizontal. After frame 84, this method proceeds to frame 86, and wherein this method includes activating DEF injectors within the period 54 via controller 50 38 with by the NO in the downstreams of SCR 34XLevel is reduced to predetermined NOXValue 56.In frame 84, this method can also be including the use of controller Timer 52 assesses (for example, measurement) period 54.
After frame 86, if for by the NO in SCR downstreamsXLevel is reduced to predetermined NOXThe period of value 56 is more than predetermined Threshold time period 60, then this method proceed to frame 88, and including passing through the fuel injector in engine 8 via controller 50 20 or adjust the injection in the fuel 14 of the upstream of DEF injectors 38 via the HC injectors 58 for being directly entered passage 28A.As above Face is described in reference diagram 1, if DEF injectors must be activated, an excess amount of time is with by NOXDischarge is reduced to required level, Then it is intended to produce hot exhaust gases stream 26 to clean DEF injectors in the injection of the fuel 14 of the upstream of DEF injectors 38.
In frame 86 and/or frame 88, this method can include via controller 50 by for activate DEF injectors 38 when Between section 54 it is associated to activate the LTAF of solenoid 62 with being used by controller, as described with regard to FIG. 1.In addition, in block 88, This method can include by the predetermined threshold period 60 with by controller 50 use to activate the first threshold of solenoid 62 LTAF is associated.As described with regard to FIG. 1, controller 50 can also with by for activate periods 54 of DEF injectors 38 with Look-up table 64 associated LTAF is programmed.After the injected upstream fuel 14 of DEF injectors 38 in block 88, this method can It is circulated back to frame 82.Alternatively, after frame 88, this method may be advanced to frame 90.In frame 90, if having reached second Threshold value LTAF, then this method can include producing transducing signal 70 to represent the necessity of service AT systems 30.
In a word, method 80 is intended to the urea deposit detected on DEF injectors 38 and to trigger DEF injector nozzles 38A clear Clean program.Using this cleaning procedure vehicle 6 can be avoided to be mistakenly identified as the DEF 36 using incorrect quality, and And vehicle needs repairing.
The detailed description and the accompanying drawings or figure are the support and description to present disclosure, but scope of the present disclosure only by Claim limits.Although some optimal modes for implementing disclosure claimed and its are described in detail His embodiment, but the various alternative designs and embodiment for being used for putting into practice disclosure defined in the appended claims be present. In addition, the feature for the various embodiments mentioned in embodiment or this specification shown in accompanying drawing be not necessarily to be construed as it is only each other Vertical embodiment.Exactly, each feature that can be described in an example by embodiment with from other embodiment One or more other desired characters combinations, so as to produce not with word or the other embodiment being described with reference to the drawings.Therefore, this A little other embodiments fall in the framework of scope of the following claims.

Claims (10)

1. the method for one kind control exhaust aftertreatment (AT) system, exhaust aftertreatment (AT) system connect via gas passage To diesel internal combustion engine, and there is diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) and " diesel exhaust gas fluid " (DEF) injector, institute State downstream and selective catalytic reduction catalysts (SCR) that " diesel exhaust gas fluid " (DEF) injector is arranged in the DOC Upstream, methods described include：
The operation of the engine is detected via controller, so as to produce the exhaust gas stream being directed in the gas passage；
Use nitrogen oxides (NOX) sensor downstream that the SCR is detected via the controller exhaust gas in nitrogen oxidation The level of thing；
The DEF injectors are activated into certain time via the controller, by the NO in the SCR downstreamsXHorizontal reduction To predetermined NOXValue；And
The fuel injections of the DOC upstreams is adjusted via the controller to produce hot exhaust gases stream, and so as to, if For by the NO in the SCR downstreamsXLevel is reduced to the predetermined NOXThe period of value is more than the predetermined threshold period, then cleans The DEF injectors.
2. according to the method for claim 1, wherein the controller includes timer, methods described is also including the use of described Timer is assessed for activating the DEF injectors with by the NO in the SCR downstreamsXLevel is reduced to the predetermined NOXValue Period.
3. according to the method for claim 1, wherein the AT systems also include and the controller electronic communication and can The solenoid of the DEF injectors is operatively triggered, methods described also includes：
Via the controller by for activate periods of the DEF injectors with it is described solenoidal long-term suitable for activating Answer the factor (LTAF) associated；And
Via the controller by for activate predetermined threshold periods of the DEF injectors with by the controller use with Activating the solenoidal first threshold LTAF is associated.
4. according to the method for claim 3, wherein the controller was utilized the time for activating the DEF injectors The section look-up table associated with the LTAF is programmed.
5. according to the method for claim 3, wherein the DEF injectors include being configured to being directed to the DEF it is described Nozzle in gas passage, and wherein described first threshold LTAF is represented at the nozzle of the DEF injectors Form urea deposit.
6. according to the method for claim 5, wherein the regulation fuel injection is configured as the DEF injectors that burn Urea deposit at the nozzle.
7. according to the method for claim 1, wherein the controller is made a reservation for using expression what the SCR detected downstreams arrived The NO of amountXSecond Threshold LTAF be programmed, and wherein described Second Threshold LTAF is more than the first threshold LTAF, Methods described also includes producing transducing signal if the Second Threshold LTAF is reached.
8. according to the method for claim 7, wherein the diesel engine is arranged in vehicle, and wherein described first Threshold value LTAF is in the range of 1.1 to 1.3.
9. according to the method for claim 8, wherein the Second Threshold LTAF is more than the first threshold LTAF at least 10%.
10. according to the method for claim 1, wherein the engine includes air bleeding valve and fuel injector, and wherein When the air bleeding valve is opened, realized via the fuel injector in the engine interior to fuel injection to the gas The regulation in passage.
CN201710588139.6A 2016-08-10 2017-07-18 Method for controlling detection and cleaning of diesel exhaust fluid injector deposits Active CN107725156B (en)

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