CN107723827B - Moisture-absorbing quick-drying stock solution coloring fiber and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Moisture-absorbing quick-drying stock solution coloring fiber and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN107723827B
CN107723827B CN201610654222.4A CN201610654222A CN107723827B CN 107723827 B CN107723827 B CN 107723827B CN 201610654222 A CN201610654222 A CN 201610654222A CN 107723827 B CN107723827 B CN 107723827B
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polyester
moisture
colored
drying
absorbing quick
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CN107723827A (en
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邱志成
李鑫
金剑
廉志军
李志勇
赵亮
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China Textile Academy
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China Textile Academy
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/78—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from copolycondensation products
    • D01F6/86—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from copolycondensation products from polyetheresters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G63/66—Polyesters containing oxygen in the form of ether groups
    • C08G63/668—Polyesters containing oxygen in the form of ether groups derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
    • C08G63/672—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D10/00—Physical treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture, i.e. during a continuous production process before the filaments have been collected
    • D01D10/02—Heat treatment
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/12—Stretch-spinning methods
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/253—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a non-circular cross section; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/02—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist
    • D02G1/0206—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist by false-twisting
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
    • D02J1/00—Modifying the structure or properties resulting from a particular structure; Modifying, retaining, or restoring the physical form or cross-sectional shape, e.g. by use of dies or squeeze rollers
    • D02J1/22—Stretching or tensioning, shrinking or relaxing, e.g. by use of overfeed and underfeed apparatus, or preventing stretch
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
    • D02J13/00—Heating or cooling the yarn, thread, cord, rope, or the like, not specific to any one of the processes provided for in this subclass

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of textiles, and particularly relates to a moisture-absorbing quick-drying dope dyed fiber and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) feeding the colorant and the hydrophilic modifier into a screw extruder, and carrying out melt mixing through the screw extruder to obtain color paste; (2) injecting the color paste into a polyester oligomer pipeline, uniformly mixing the color paste with a polyester oligomer from an esterification system, and then feeding the mixture into a polycondensation system to obtain a colored polyester melt through a pre-polycondensation reaction and a final polycondensation reaction in sequence; (3) and spinning and forming the obtained colored polyester melt by a spinneret plate with a special-shaped cross section to obtain the moisture-absorbing quick-drying dope colored fiber. The invention effectively solves the problem of compatibility of the hydrophilic agent and the polyester material, and combines the heterotypic treatment of the fiber section, so that the polyester fiber prepared by the method has excellent moisture absorption quick-drying property, color uniformity and color fastness, and has good comfort.

Description

Moisture-absorbing quick-drying stock solution coloring fiber and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of textiles, and particularly relates to a moisture-absorbing quick-drying dope dyed fiber and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The polyester fiber has the advantages of high breaking strength, stable shape, good stiffness, crease resistance, easy washing and drying, and the like, and is an ideal textile fiber. But because the linear state of the polyester molecules is better, no large side chain and branch chain exist on the molecular chain, and the polyester molecules are stretched and shaped in the spinning process, the molecular arrangement is neat, the crystallinity is high, the orientation is good, the intermolecular gap is small, and the dye is not easy to permeate; the macromolecular chain has no hydroscopic groups such as hydroxyl, amino and the like, and only has ester groups with lower polarity; these structural characteristics also bring disadvantages to polyester fibers such as poor dyeability, low moisture absorption, and a feeling of tightness when the fabric is worn. At present, the polyester fiber is dyed mainly by adopting a disperse dye high-temperature high-pressure dyeing process, and the process has the outstanding problems of high equipment requirement, high investment, difficult three-waste treatment and the like. Therefore, the energy-saving and environment-friendly coloring technology is important for promoting the sustainable development of the polyester fiber.
The polyester fiber stock solution coloring has the advantages of simple process, good color fastness, uniform coloring, energy conservation, less three wastes and the like, and is particularly suitable for mass production and development of polyester fiber interwoven fabrics. The dope-dyed polyester fiber is a colored fiber obtained by adding a colorant into a polyester melt and spinning, and is also called a non-dyed fiber or a spun-dyed fiber. The subsequent application of the dope-dyed polyester fiber can save the printing and dyeing process, avoid the generation of a large amount of printing and dyeing wastewater, and has outstanding environment-friendly characteristics.
The Chinese patent with the application number of 201310147346.X discloses a method for preparing colored polyester fibers by dope-dyeing, wherein liquid color paste consisting of dye, liquid polyester carrier, plasticizer and dispersant is injected before entering a spinning manifold and is uniformly mixed, and then melt direct spinning is carried out to prepare the colored polyester fibers. The compatibility of the liquid polyester carrier with the polyester melt and the presence of low molecular weight substances such as plasticizers and dispersants will greatly affect the spinnability of the colored polyester melt. In addition, the macromolecular chain of the liquid polyester carrier only has ester groups with lower polarity, so the introduction of the liquid polyester carrier does not improve the hydrophobic characteristic of the dope dyed fiber, and the prepared fabric has a wet and stuffy feeling when worn.
The invention is provided to overcome the defects in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of moisture-absorbing quick-drying dope dyed fiber and the moisture-absorbing quick-drying dope dyed fiber, so as to solve the problems that spinning performance is deteriorated due to poor compatibility of a dope dyed melt and a colorant carrier and fabric comfort is poor due to hydrophobic characteristics of the dope dyed fiber in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for preparing moisture-absorbing quick-drying dope-dyed fiber comprises the following steps:
(1) feeding a colorant and a hydrophilic modifier into a screw extruder, and carrying out melt mixing through the screw extruder to obtain color paste, wherein the content of the colorant is 5-60 wt%;
the content of the colorant in the color paste is 5-60 wt%, and the colorant can be uniformly dispersed in the polyalkylene glycol as a carrier under the content.
(2) Injecting the color paste prepared in the step (1) into a polyester oligomer pipeline on line, uniformly mixing the color paste with a polyester oligomer with the polymerization degree of 1-8 from an esterification system through a dynamic mixer, and then feeding the mixture into a pre-polycondensation system for pre-polycondensation reaction to obtain a coloring prepolymer with the viscosity of 0.15-0.45 dL/g;
the intrinsic viscosity of the colored polyester melt is controlled within the range, so that the colored polyester melt can have good spinnability in the subsequent melt spinning process, and the mechanical property of the prepared fiber can meet the requirement of subsequent processing.
The polyester oligomer includes, but is not limited to, an ethylene terephthalate oligomer, a trimethylene terephthalate oligomer, and a tetramethylene terephthalate oligomer. Preferably, the polymerization degree of the polyester oligomer is 1 to 8. The polymerization degree of the polyester oligomer is controlled in the range, which is beneficial to the copolycondensation reaction of the polyester oligomer and the carrier polyalkylene glycol, and the uniform distribution of polyalkylene glycol chain segments in a polyester molecular chain is realized, so that the prepared colored polyester melt has good spinnability.
In the steps, the color paste is injected into the polyester oligomer pipeline on line and then is mixed with the polyester oligomer from the esterification system through the dynamic mixer, so that the colorant can be efficiently and uniformly dispersed in the main material polyester oligomer. Compare in the mixing assembly of traditional pipeline formula static mixer, the mixing assembly of dynamic mixer can provide powerful shearing force through high-speed rotation and realize the high-efficient broken mixing of material. Such dynamic mixers include, but are not limited to, high shear homogenizing pumps.
(3) Filtering the colored prepolymer prepared in the step (2) by using a prepolymer filter, and then, allowing the filtered colored prepolymer to enter a final polycondensation system for final polycondensation reaction to obtain a colored polyester melt with the viscosity of 0.50-1.20 dL/g;
(4) and (4) filtering the colored polyester melt prepared in the step (3) by a melt filter, and then, allowing the filtered colored polyester melt to enter a spinning manifold to be spun and formed by a spinneret plate with a special-shaped cross section, thus obtaining the moisture-absorbing quick-drying stock solution colored fiber.
The section of the profiled section spinneret plate comprises a triangle, a trilobal shape, a pentalobal shape, a V shape, a C shape, a Y shape, a T shape, an H shape and a cross shape.
In the above production method, the colorant is an ester-soluble colorant.
In the method provided by the invention, ester-soluble coloring agent is used as coloring agent for coloring the polyester stock solution, and the coloring agent can be dissolved in the polyester matrix, so that the uniform dispersion of coloring agent molecules is realized, and the influence of the coloring agent on the spinnability of the colored polyester melt is eliminated. And the ester-soluble colorant has good thermal stability, and is not decomposed or sublimated in the polymerization and spinning processes of the colored polyester. The above-mentioned ester-soluble colorants include, but are not limited to, c.i. solvent blue 83, 90, 94, 97, 101, 104, 102, 105, 130, 132, c.i. solvent yellow 116, 117, 125, 156, 158, 163, 167, c.i. solvent red 135, 138, 145, 146, 150, 151, 155, 168, 172, 169, 175, 181, 207, 222, c.i. solvent black 3, 5, 7, 27, 45, 47.
In the preparation method, the hydrophilic modifier is polyalkylene glycol with the molecular weight of 1000-10000.
The present invention provides the above method wherein a hydrophilic modifier, polyalkylene glycol, is used as the colorant carrier. The polyalkylene glycol and the colorant are fed into a screw extruder in proportion, and are melted and mixed by the screw extruder to obtain color paste which is directly injected into a polyester oligomer pipeline. The color paste blending and supplying process can be completed within 5-15 min, so that the heating time of the polyalkylene glycol serving as a colorant carrier is reduced, and the degradation of the polyalkylene glycol is effectively avoided. The injecting flow of the color paste is adjusted according to the flow proportion of the oligomer, and the process can realize the accurate proportion adding of the colorant. And the polyalkylene glycol as a colorant carrier is injected into a polyester oligomer pipeline and then is embedded into a polyester molecular chain with the polyester oligomer through copolycondensation reaction in the subsequent polycondensation reaction process, so that the problem of compatibility of the polyalkylene glycol and the polyester component is effectively solved, and the prepared colored polyester melt has good spinning performance. Meanwhile, hydrophilic polyalkylene glycol is introduced into the main chain of the polyester molecule, so that the surface property of the spun dope-dyed fiber is changed from hydrophobicity to hydrophilicity, and the spun dope-dyed fiber has the wetting or moisture absorption capacity to water or water vapor. The molecular weight of the polyalkylene glycol is 1000-10000, and the polyalkylene glycol in the molecular weight range has moderate dynamic viscosity, so that color paste can be prepared conveniently. Such polyalkylene glycols include, but are not limited to, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, and polybutylene glycol.
In the preparation method, the addition amount of the catalyst used in the polycondensation reaction is 0.003-0.2 wt% of the mass of the polyester oligomer, and the catalyst is at least one of antimony catalyst, titanium catalyst and germanium catalyst.
Under the catalytic action of an antimony catalyst and/or a titanium catalyst and/or a germanium catalyst, a copolycondensation reaction can be carried out between the colorant carrier polyalkylene glycol and the polyester oligomer to generate copolyester, so that polyalkylene glycol molecular chains are embedded into polyester molecular chains. The amount of the catalyst added is controlled within the above range, which is favorable for balancing the reaction efficiency and the production cost. The antimony-based catalyst includes, but is not limited to, ethylene glycol antimony, antimony acetate or antimony trioxide, the titanium-based catalyst includes, but is not limited to, ethylene glycol titanium, tetrabutyl titanate, tetraisopropyl titanate, and the germanium-based catalyst includes, but is not limited to, germanium oxide.
In the preparation method, the melt mixing temperature of the screw extruder in the step (1) is 30-150 ℃.
In the preparation method, the online injection amount of the color paste in the step (2) is 3-20 wt% of the mass of the polyester oligomer, and is adjusted according to the flow proportion of the polyester oligomer.
The injection amount of the color paste is 3-20 wt% of the mass of the polyester oligomer, and the color paste is adjusted according to the flow ratio of the polyester oligomer, so that the prepared colored polyester melt can keep good spinnability, and the spun fiber has good hydrophilic performance.
In the preparation method, the reaction temperature of the pre-polycondensation reaction in the step (2) is 220-280 ℃, and the reaction time is 40-120 min. Under the condition of the pre-polycondensation reaction process, the prepolymer meeting the requirement of the subsequent final polycondensation reaction process can be prepared.
In the preparation method, the reaction temperature of the final polycondensation reaction in the step (3) is 230-285 ℃, and the reaction time is 60-240 min.
In the preparation method, the spinning temperature of the moisture absorption quick-drying dope dyed fiber in the step (4) is 230-285 ℃.
The dope-dyed polyester fiber formed at the spinning temperature has uniform diameter and good fiber appearance.
After the colored polyester melt provided by the invention is spun, different types of fibers, such as Fully Drawn Yarn (FDY), false twist textured yarn (DTY) or short fibers, can be prepared by adjusting the drafting and winding processes. The specific spinning process of each type of fiber is as follows:
the process for preparing the dope dyed polyester fiber fully drawn yarn FDY comprises the following steps:
the spinning speed is 3500-5200 m/min, the speed of the hot roller GR1 is 1200-3000 m/min, the temperature is 50-100 ℃, the speed of the hot roller GR2 is 3500-5200 m/min, and the temperature is 105-150 ℃.
The process for preparing the dope dyed polyester fiber false twist textured yarn DTY comprises the following steps:
spinning speed is 2000-4000 m/min, and pre-oriented yarn POY is prepared. The pre-oriented yarn POY is subjected to texturing to prepare false twist textured yarn DTY, and the texturing process comprises the following steps: the processing speed is 300-1200 m/min, the stretching multiple is 1.3-3 times, the deformation temperature is 120-210 ℃, the setting temperature is 100-200 ℃, and the D/Y is 1.3-3.0.
The process for preparing the dope-dyed polyester fiber short fiber comprises the following specific steps:
the spinning speed is 600-1500 m/min, the drawing temperature is 50-130 ℃, the primary drawing multiplying power is 2-5 times, the secondary drawing multiplying power is 1.05-2 times, the crimping temperature is 50-90 ℃, and the setting temperature is 110-150 ℃.
The invention also provides the moisture-absorbing quick-drying dope-dyed polyester fiber prepared by the method, wherein the content of a coloring agent in the fiber is 0.3-10.0 wt%, the color uniformity is 3-5 grades, the dripping diffusion time is 0.1-3 s, the evaporation rate is 0.18-1.30 g/h, and the soaping color fastness is 3-5 grades.
The invention provides a moisture-absorbing quick-drying dope-dyed fiber and a preparation method thereof. In the preparation method, the hydrophilic modifier polyalkylene glycol is used as an ester-soluble colorant carrier to prepare the color paste, and the polyalkylene glycol can be embedded into a polyester molecular main chain through the copolycondensation reaction between the polyalkylene glycol and a polyester oligomer in a polycondensation system by adopting the online adding process of a color paste polyester oligomer pipeline, so that the compatibility problem of the polyalkylene glycol and the polyester is effectively solved, the prepared colored polyester melt has good spinning performance, and the spun stock solution colored fiber has uniform color and high color fastness. Meanwhile, a hydrophilic polyalkylene glycol chain segment is introduced into a polyester molecular main chain, so that the surface property of the spun dope-dyed fiber is changed from hydrophobicity to hydrophilicity, the spun dope-dyed fiber has the infiltration or moisture absorption capacity on water or water vapor, and in combination with the heterotypic control of the fiber section, the water absorbed by the fiber rapidly migrates to the surface of the fabric and is diffused to an outer space through wicking and conduction through micro-grooves among heterotypic fiber fibrils and hole gaps among fabric fiber yarns, thereby achieving the effect of moisture absorption and rapid drying. The factors in the two aspects enable the dope dyed fiber provided by the invention to have excellent moisture absorption quick-drying property, color uniformity and color fastness, so that the prepared textile has good comfort.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention as claimed.
Example 1
Adding the colorant C.I. solvent red 138 and polyethylene glycol with the molecular weight of 4000 into a screw extruder according to the weight ratio of 40:60, and melting and mixing at 80 ℃ to obtain the color paste with the colorant C.I. solvent red 138 content of 40 wt%.
The sizing agent and the antimony catalyst in an amount which is 10 wt% of the mass of the ethylene terephthalate oligomer with the polymerization degree of 5 from the esterification system are injected into the ethylene terephthalate oligomer with the polymerization degree of 5 from the esterification system, the materials are uniformly mixed by a high shear homogenizing pump and then enter a pre-polycondensation system for pre-polycondensation reaction, the pre-polycondensation reaction temperature is 265 ℃, the reaction time is 90min, and the coloring prepolymer with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.28dL/g is obtained.
And filtering the colored prepolymer by a prepolymer filter, and then feeding the filtered colored prepolymer into a final polycondensation system for final polycondensation reaction, wherein the final polycondensation reaction temperature is 270 ℃, and the reaction time is 240min, so that a colored polyester melt with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.67dL/g is obtained.
And (3) filtering the colored polyester melt by a melt filter, and then, allowing the colored polyester melt to enter a spinning box to spin by a cross-shaped section spinneret plate at the spinning temperature of 280 ℃ and the winding speed of 4800m/min to obtain the dope colored polyester fiber fully drawn yarn FDY. Wherein the speed of the hot roller GR1 is 1900m/min, the temperature is 70 ℃, the speed of the hot roller GR2 is 4850m/min, and the temperature is 120 ℃.
Example 2
Adding the colorant C.I. solvent blue 83 and the polytetramethylene glycol with the molecular weight of 6000 into a screw extruder according to the weight ratio of 30:70, and melting and mixing at 100 ℃ to obtain the color paste with the colorant C.I. solvent blue 83 content of 30 wt%.
And (2) injecting 15 wt% of the color paste and 0.1 wt% of titanium catalyst into the butylene terephthalate oligomer with the polymerization degree of 4 from the esterification system, uniformly mixing the materials by a high-shear homogenizing pump, and then introducing the mixture into a pre-polycondensation system for pre-polycondensation reaction, wherein the pre-polycondensation reaction temperature is 245 ℃ and the reaction time is 40min, so as to obtain the coloring prepolymer with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.35 dL/g.
And filtering the colored prepolymer by a prepolymer filter, and then feeding the filtered colored prepolymer into a final polycondensation system for final polycondensation reaction, wherein the final polycondensation reaction temperature is 250 ℃, and the reaction time is 120min, so that a colored polyester melt with the intrinsic viscosity of 1.10dL/g is obtained.
And (3) filtering the colored polyester melt by a melt filter, and then, allowing the colored polyester melt to enter a spinning box to spin by an H-shaped section spinneret plate at the spinning temperature of 255 ℃ and the winding speed of 4500m/min to obtain the dope colored polyester fiber fully drawn yarn FDY. Wherein the speed of the hot roller GR1 is 1600m/min, the temperature is 60 ℃, the speed of the hot roller GR2 is 4550m/min, and the temperature is 110 ℃.
Example 3
Adding the colorant C.I. solvent yellow 167 and the polypropylene glycol with the molecular weight of 3000 into a screw extruder according to the weight ratio of 30:70, and melting and mixing at 60 ℃ to obtain the color paste with the colorant C.I. solvent yellow 167 content of 30 wt%.
And (2) injecting 8 wt% of the color paste and 0.2 wt% of titanium catalyst into the trimethylene terephthalate oligomer with the polymerization degree of 3 from the esterification system, uniformly mixing the materials by a high shear homogenizing pump, and then feeding the mixture into a pre-polycondensation system for pre-polycondensation reaction at the temperature of 240 ℃ for 75min to obtain the coloring prepolymer with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.35 dL/g.
And filtering the colored prepolymer by a prepolymer filter, and then feeding the filtered colored prepolymer into a final polycondensation system for final polycondensation reaction, wherein the final polycondensation reaction temperature is 250 ℃, and the reaction time is 120min, so as to obtain a colored polyester melt with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.95 dL/g.
And (3) filtering the colored polyester melt by a melt filter, and then, allowing the colored polyester melt to enter a spinning box to spin by a spinneret with a C-shaped cross section, wherein the spinning temperature is 245 ℃ and the winding speed is 4200m/min, so that the dope colored polyester fiber fully drawn yarn FDY is obtained. Wherein the speed of the hot roller GR1 is 1400m/min, the temperature is 60 ℃, the speed of the hot roller GR2 is 4550m/min, and the temperature is 110 ℃.
Example 4
Adding the colorant C.I. solvent black 5 and polyethylene glycol with molecular weight of 2000 into a screw extruder according to the weight ratio of 5:95, and melting and mixing at 60 ℃ to obtain the color paste with the colorant C.I. solvent black 3 content of 5 wt%.
And (2) injecting 6.4 wt% of the color paste and 0.003 wt% of titanium catalyst into the ethylene terephthalate oligomer with the polymerization degree of 1 from the esterification system, uniformly mixing the materials by a high-shear homogenizing pump, and then feeding the mixture into a pre-polycondensation system for pre-polycondensation reaction, wherein the pre-polycondensation reaction temperature is 280 ℃ and the reaction time is 90min, so as to obtain the coloring prepolymer with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.20 dL/g.
And filtering the colored prepolymer by a prepolymer filter, and then feeding the filtered colored prepolymer into a final polycondensation system for final polycondensation reaction, wherein the final polycondensation reaction temperature is 285 ℃, and the reaction time is 180min, so that a colored polyester melt with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.62dL/g is obtained.
And filtering the colored polyester melt by a melt filter, and then, allowing the colored polyester melt to enter a spinning box to spin by a Y-shaped cross section spinneret plate at the spinning temperature of 285 ℃ and the winding speed of 3000m/min to obtain the moisture-absorbing quick-drying stock solution colored fiber pre-oriented yarn POY. The fiber was drawn on a draw texturing machine at a processing speed of 800m/min by a factor of 1.6. Wherein the texturing temperature is 180 ℃, the setting temperature is 160 ℃, and the D/Y is 2.2, thus obtaining the moisture-absorbing quick-drying dope dyed fiber false-twist textured yarn DTY.
Example 5
Adding the colorant C.I. solvent red 207 and the polytetramethylene glycol with the molecular weight of 4000 into a screw extruder according to the weight ratio of 10:90, and melting and mixing at 65 ℃ to obtain the color paste with the colorant C.I. solvent red 207 of which the content is 10 wt%.
And (2) injecting 20 wt% of the color paste and 0.1 wt% of titanium catalyst into the butylene terephthalate oligomer with the polymerization degree of 3 from the esterification system, uniformly mixing the materials by a high-shear homogenizing pump, and then feeding the mixture into a pre-polycondensation system for pre-polycondensation reaction at the temperature of 240 ℃ for 60min to obtain the coloring prepolymer with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.40 dL/g.
And filtering the colored prepolymer by a prepolymer filter, and then feeding the filtered colored prepolymer into a final polycondensation system for final polycondensation reaction, wherein the final polycondensation reaction temperature is 250 ℃, and the reaction time is 150min, so that a colored polyester melt with the intrinsic viscosity of 1.20dL/g is obtained.
And filtering the colored polyester melt by a melt filter, and then, spinning the colored polyester melt in a spinning box by a T-shaped cross section spinneret plate at the spinning temperature of 250 ℃ and the winding speed of 3200m/min to obtain the moisture-absorbing quick-drying dope colored fiber pre-oriented yarn POY. The fiber was drawn on a draw texturing machine at a processing speed of 600m/min by a factor of 1.5. Wherein the deformation temperature is 160 ℃, the setting temperature is 140 ℃, and the D/Y is 1.7, thus obtaining the moisture-absorbing quick-drying dope dyed fiber false-twist textured yarn DTY.
Example 6
Adding the colorant C.I. solvent blue 102 and polypropylene glycol with the molecular weight of 1000 into a screw extruder according to the weight ratio of 15:85, and melting and mixing at 30 ℃ to obtain the color paste with the colorant C.I. solvent blue 102 content of 15 wt%.
And (2) injecting 10 wt% of the color paste and 0.15 wt% of titanium catalyst into the trimethylene terephthalate oligomer with the polymerization degree of 3 from the esterification system, uniformly mixing the materials by a high shear homogenizing pump, and then feeding the mixture into a pre-polycondensation system for pre-polycondensation reaction at 235 ℃ for 90min to obtain the coloring prepolymer with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.30 dL/g.
And filtering the colored prepolymer by a prepolymer filter, and then feeding the filtered colored prepolymer into a final polycondensation system for final polycondensation reaction, wherein the final polycondensation reaction temperature is 245 ℃ and the reaction time is 120min, so as to obtain a colored polyester melt with the intrinsic viscosity of 1.05 dL/g.
And filtering the colored polyester melt by a melt filter, and then, allowing the colored polyester melt to enter a spinning box to spin by a spinneret with a T-shaped cross section, wherein the spinning temperature is 235 ℃, and the winding speed is 2800m/min, so that the moisture-absorbing quick-drying dope colored fiber pre-oriented yarn POY is obtained. The fiber was drawn on a draw texturing machine at a processing speed of 500m/min by a factor of 1.8. Wherein the deformation temperature is 130 ℃, the setting temperature is 110 ℃, and the D/Y is 2.5, thus obtaining the moisture-absorbing quick-drying dope dyed fiber false-twist textured yarn DTY.
Example 7
Adding the colorant C.I. solvent black 27 and polyethylene glycol ester with the molecular weight of 10000 into a screw extruder according to the weight ratio of 60:40, and melting and mixing at 150 ℃ to obtain the color paste with the colorant C.I. solvent black 27 content of 60 wt%.
And (2) injecting 20 wt% of the color paste and 0.08 wt% of germanium catalyst into the ethylene terephthalate oligomer with the polymerization degree of 8 from the esterification system, uniformly mixing the materials by a high-shear homogenizing pump, and then feeding the mixture into a pre-polycondensation system for pre-polycondensation reaction at the temperature of 265 ℃ for 90min to obtain the coloring prepolymer with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.15 dL/g.
And filtering the colored prepolymer by a prepolymer filter, and then feeding the filtered colored prepolymer into a final polycondensation system for final polycondensation reaction, wherein the final polycondensation reaction temperature is 270 ℃, and the reaction time is 60min, so that a colored polyester melt with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.50dL/g is obtained.
And filtering the colored polyester melt by a melt filter, and then, allowing the colored polyester melt to enter a spinning box to spin by a five-leaf-shaped cross-section spinneret plate at the spinning temperature of 275 ℃ and the winding speed of 800m/min to obtain the moisture-absorbing quick-drying dope colored undrawn fiber. Then, primary drawing was performed at 60 ℃ at a draft ratio of 3.5, secondary drawing was performed at 120 ℃ at a draft ratio of 1.2, and then the fiber was crimped at a temperature of 90 ℃. Then heat-set at 130 ℃ for 15 minutes. And cutting the shaped fiber on a cutting machine, and packaging to obtain the moisture-absorbing quick-drying stock solution coloring fiber short fiber.
Example 8
Adding the colorant C.I. solvent red 155 and the polytetramethylene glycol with the molecular weight of 4000 into a screw extruder according to the weight ratio of 50:50, and melting and mixing at 80 ℃ to obtain the color paste with the colorant C.I. solvent red 155 content of 50 wt%.
And (2) injecting 18 wt% of the color paste and 0.1 wt% of titanium catalyst into the butylene terephthalate oligomer with the polymerization degree of 5 from the esterification system, uniformly mixing the materials by a high-shear homogenizing pump, and then introducing the mixture into a pre-polycondensation system for pre-polycondensation reaction at the temperature of 220 ℃ for 90min to obtain the coloring prepolymer with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.30 dL/g.
And filtering the colored prepolymer by a prepolymer filter, and then feeding the filtered colored prepolymer into a final polycondensation system for final polycondensation reaction, wherein the final polycondensation reaction temperature is 230 ℃, and the reaction time is 180min, so that a colored polyester melt with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.90dL/g is obtained.
And filtering the colored polyester melt by a melt filter, and then, allowing the colored polyester melt to enter a spinning box to spin by a trilobal section spinneret plate at the spinning temperature of 230 ℃ and the winding speed of 1200m/min to obtain the moisture-absorbing quick-drying dope colored undrawn fiber. Then, primary drawing was performed at 50 ℃ with a drawing ratio of 3 times, secondary drawing was performed at 100 ℃ with a drawing ratio of 1.5 times, and then the fiber was crimped at a temperature of 60 ℃. Then heat-set at 110 ℃ for 15 minutes. And cutting the shaped fiber on a cutting machine, and packaging to obtain the moisture-absorbing quick-drying stock solution coloring fiber short fiber.
Example 9
Adding the colorant C.I. solvent yellow 158 and polyethylene glycol with molecular weight of 8000 according to the weight ratio of 25:75 into a screw extruder, and melting and mixing at 120 ℃ to obtain the color paste with the colorant C.I. solvent yellow 158 content of 25 wt%.
And (2) injecting 3 wt% of the color paste and 0.1 wt% of titanium catalyst into the trimethylene terephthalate oligomer with the polymerization degree of 2 from the esterification system, uniformly mixing the materials by a high shear homogenizing pump, and then feeding the mixture into a pre-polycondensation system for pre-polycondensation reaction at the temperature of 250 ℃ for 120min to obtain the coloring prepolymer with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.45 dL/g.
And filtering the colored prepolymer by a prepolymer filter, and then feeding the filtered colored prepolymer into a final polycondensation system for final polycondensation reaction, wherein the final polycondensation reaction temperature is 255 ℃ and the reaction time is 180min, so as to obtain a colored polyester melt with the intrinsic viscosity of 1.20 dL/g.
And filtering the colored polyester melt by a melt filter, and then, allowing the colored polyester melt to enter a spinning box to spin by a trilobal section spinneret plate at the spinning temperature of 250 ℃ and the winding speed of 1000m/min to obtain the moisture-absorbing quick-drying dope-colored undrawn fiber. Then, primary drawing was performed at 55 ℃ with a draft ratio of 4, secondary drawing was performed at 110 ℃ with a draft ratio of 1.1, and then the fiber was crimped at a temperature of 70 ℃. Then heat-set at 120 ℃ for 15 minutes. And cutting the shaped fiber on a cutting machine, and packaging to obtain the moisture-absorbing quick-drying stock solution coloring fiber short fiber.
Comparative example 1
Mixing colorant C.I. solvent red 138 and liquid polyester carrier poly adipic acid-1, 3-butanediol ester with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.68dL/g according to the weight ratio of 40:60 to prepare color paste with the colorant C.I. solvent red 138 content of 40 wt%.
Injecting 10 wt% of color paste into polyethylene glycol terephthalate melt with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.67dL/g from a final polycondensation system, uniformly mixing the materials, filtering the materials by a melt filter, and then feeding the materials into a spinning manifold to spin by a cross-section spinneret plate, wherein the spinning temperature is 280 ℃ and the winding speed is 4800m/min, thus obtaining the dope dyed polyester fiber fully drawn yarn FDY. Wherein the speed of the hot roller GR1 is 1900m/min, the temperature is 70 ℃, the speed of the hot roller GR2 is 4850m/min, and the temperature is 120 ℃.
Comparative example 2
Mixing colorant C.I. solvent red 138 and liquid polyester carrier poly adipic acid-1, 3-butanediol ester with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.68dL/g according to the weight ratio of 40:60 to prepare color paste with the colorant C.I. solvent red 138 content of 40 wt%.
The sizing agent and the antimony catalyst in an amount which is 10 wt% of the mass of the ethylene terephthalate oligomer with the polymerization degree of 5 from the esterification system are injected into the ethylene terephthalate oligomer with the polymerization degree of 5 from the esterification system, the materials are uniformly mixed by a high shear homogenizing pump and then enter a pre-polycondensation system for pre-polycondensation reaction, the pre-polycondensation reaction temperature is 265 ℃, the reaction time is 90min, and the coloring prepolymer with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.28dL/g is obtained.
And filtering the colored prepolymer by a prepolymer filter, and then feeding the filtered colored prepolymer into a final polycondensation system for final polycondensation reaction, wherein the final polycondensation reaction temperature is 270 ℃, and the reaction time is 240min, so that a colored polyester melt with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.67dL/g is obtained.
And (3) filtering the colored polyester melt by a melt filter, and then, allowing the colored polyester melt to enter a spinning box to spin by a cross-shaped section spinneret plate at the spinning temperature of 280 ℃ and the winding speed of 4800m/min to obtain the dope colored polyester fiber fully drawn yarn FDY. Wherein the speed of the hot roller GR1 is 1900m/min, the temperature is 70 ℃, the speed of the hot roller GR2 is 4850m/min, and the temperature is 120 ℃.
Comparative example 3
Adding the colorant C.I. solvent red 138 and polyethylene glycol with the molecular weight of 4000 into a screw extruder according to the weight ratio of 40:60, and melting and mixing at 80 ℃ to obtain the color paste with the colorant C.I. solvent red 138 content of 40 wt%.
Injecting 10 wt% of color paste into polyethylene glycol terephthalate melt with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.67dL/g from a final polycondensation system, uniformly mixing the materials, filtering the materials by a melt filter, and then feeding the materials into a spinning manifold to spin by a cross-section spinneret plate, wherein the spinning temperature is 280 ℃ and the winding speed is 4800m/min, thus obtaining the dope dyed polyester fiber fully drawn yarn FDY. Wherein the speed of the hot roller GR1 is 1900m/min, the temperature is 70 ℃, the speed of the hot roller GR2 is 4850m/min, and the temperature is 120 ℃.
Test example 1
The following test method is adopted to carry out performance characterization test on the moisture absorption quick-drying stock solution coloring fiber:
the intrinsic viscosity is η (dL/g), and the test method refers to GB/T14190-2008.
Line density (dtex), test method: the short fibers refer to GB/T14335-;
breaking strength (cN/dtex) and elongation at break (%), test method: the short fibers refer to GB/T14337-;
color uniformity (gray card) (grade) test method: reference is made to GB/T6508-2001.
Colorant content (wt%) test method: reference GB/T9337-
Drip spread time(s) test method: reference GB/T21655.1-2008
Evaporation Rate (g/h) test method: reference GB/T21655.1-2008
Soaping resistance color fastness (grade) test method: reference GB/T3921-
The moisture-absorbing quick-drying dope-dyed fibers prepared in the above examples 1 to 9 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were subjected to performance characterization tests, and the test results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 Performance test results for moisture-absorbing quick-drying dope-dyed fibers prepared in examples 1 to 9 and comparative examples 1 to 3
Figure BDA0001074722250000121
As can be seen from Table 1, comparative examples 1-3 adopt a method similar to that of example 1 to prepare the moisture-absorbing quick-drying dope-dyed fiber, and are different in that the method does not adopt a process of carrying out screw extrusion melting on a coloring agent and a hydrophilic modifier in comparative example 1, and a process of carrying out prepolymerization on color paste and a polyester oligomer in the subsequent steps; in the comparative example 2, the coloring agent and the hydrophilic modifier are not subjected to screw extrusion melting, and the subsequent step adopts a process of pre-polymerizing color paste and polyester oligomer; in comparative example 2, the colorant and the hydrophilic modifier are subjected to screw extrusion and melting, but a process of pre-polymerizing color paste and polyester oligomer is not adopted in the subsequent steps; from the test results, comparative examples 1 and 2, which did not subject the colorant and the hydrophilic modifier to screw extrusion melting, were inferior to example 1 in terms of the colorant content, color uniformity, and fastness to soaping, and also inferior to example 1 in mechanical properties and moisture absorption quick-drying properties; while comparative examples 2 and 3, which did not employ the process of prepolymerizing mill base and polyester oligomer, were inferior to example 1 in elongation at break, strength at break, drip diffusion time and evaporation rate, and also inferior to example 1 in color and fastness. In conclusion, in the process of preparing the moisture absorption quick-drying dope dyed fiber, the process of carrying out double-screw extrusion melting on the coloring agent and the hydrophilic modifier and the process of carrying out pre-polymerization on the color paste and the polyester oligomer play a synergistic role, so that the fiber product has uniform color and luster, excellent color fastness and moisture absorption quick-drying performance, and good comfort.
Further analyzing the examples 1-3, wherein the water-dripping diffusion time is shortest and the evaporation rate is highest in the example 2, the analysis reason is that the content of the hydrophilic modifier is higher, and the usage amount of the color paste and the content of the hydrophilic modifier in the color paste play a key role in the moisture absorption and quick drying effect of the fiber product.
Further analyzing examples 7-9, in the case that the hydrophilic modifier content is similar in example 8 and example 7, the drip diffusion time of example 8 is much shorter than that of example 7, and it can be seen that the polymerization temperature and time also play a key role in the moisture absorption and quick drying performance of the dope dyed fiber product.
Further analyzing the examples 1-9, it can be seen that the elongation at break is improved along with the overall increase of the polymerization degree of the hydrophilic modifier, and it can be seen that the elongation at break of the fiber is changed in the process that the hydrophilic modifier enters the main chain of the polyester oligomer through the pre-polycondensation reaction, and the polymerization degree of the hydrophilic modifier also plays a key role in the mechanical properties of the dope dyed fiber product.
In conclusion, the hydrophilic modifier polyalkylene glycol is used as an ester soluble colorant carrier to prepare the color paste, and the polyalkylene glycol can be embedded into a polyester molecular main chain through the copolycondensation reaction between the polyalkylene glycol and a polyester oligomer in a polycondensation system by adopting the online adding process of the color paste polyester oligomer pipeline, so that the compatibility problem of the polyalkylene glycol and the polyester is effectively solved, the prepared colored polyester melt has good spinning performance, and the spun stock solution colored fiber has uniform color and high color fastness. Meanwhile, a hydrophilic polyalkylene glycol chain segment is introduced into a polyester molecular main chain, so that the surface property of the spun dope-dyed fiber is changed from hydrophobicity to hydrophilicity, the spun dope-dyed fiber has the infiltration or moisture absorption capacity on water or water vapor, and in combination with the heterotypic control of the fiber section, the water absorbed by the fiber rapidly migrates to the surface of the fabric and is diffused to an outer space through wicking and conduction through micro-grooves among heterotypic fiber fibrils and hole gaps among fabric fiber yarns, thereby achieving the effect of moisture absorption and rapid drying.
Wherein, the polymerization degree and the content of the hydrophilic modifier, and the temperature and the time of the prepolymerization reaction and the polycondensation reaction play a key role in the property of the fiber product.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (11)

1. The preparation method of the moisture-absorbing quick-drying dope dyed fiber is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) feeding a colorant and a hydrophilic modifier into a screw extruder, and carrying out melt mixing through the screw extruder to obtain color paste, wherein the content of the colorant is 5-60 wt%;
(2) injecting the color paste prepared in the step (1) into a polyester oligomer pipeline on line, uniformly mixing the color paste with a polyester oligomer with the polymerization degree of 1-8 from an esterification system through a dynamic mixer, and then feeding the mixture into a pre-polycondensation system for pre-polycondensation reaction to obtain a coloring prepolymer with the viscosity of 0.15-0.45 dL/g;
(3) filtering the colored prepolymer prepared in the step (2) by using a prepolymer filter, and then, allowing the filtered colored prepolymer to enter a final polycondensation system for final polycondensation reaction to obtain a colored polyester melt with the viscosity of 0.50-1.20 dL/g;
(4) filtering the colored polyester melt prepared in the step (3) by a melt filter, and then, allowing the filtered colored polyester melt to enter a spinning box and spinning and forming the polyester melt by a spinneret plate with a special-shaped cross section to obtain a moisture-absorbing quick-drying stock solution colored fiber;
the hydrophilic modifier is polyalkylene glycol with the molecular weight of 1000-10000;
in the step (1), the melt mixing temperature of the screw extruder is 30-150 ℃.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein said colorant is an ester soluble colorant.
3. The method for preparing moisture-absorbing quick-drying dope-dyed fiber according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the catalyst used in the polycondensation is 0.003 to 0.2 wt% based on the mass of the polyester oligomer, and the catalyst is at least one of an antimony-based catalyst, a titanium-based catalyst and a germanium-based catalyst.
4. The method for preparing moisture-absorbing quick-drying dope-dyed fiber according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the melt mixing temperature of the screw extruder is 60-120 ℃.
5. The preparation method of the moisture-absorbing quick-drying dope-dyed fiber according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the online injection amount of the color paste is 3-20 wt% of the mass of the polyester oligomer.
6. The method for preparing moisture-absorbing quick-drying dope-dyed fiber according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the reaction temperature of the pre-polycondensation reaction is 220-280 ℃ and the reaction time is 40-120 min.
7. The method for preparing moisture-absorbing quick-drying dope-dyed fiber according to claim 6, wherein in the step (2), the reaction temperature of the pre-polycondensation reaction is 235-265 ℃, and the reaction time is 60-90 min.
8. The method for preparing moisture-absorbing quick-drying dope-dyed fiber according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the reaction temperature of the final polycondensation reaction is 230 to 285 ℃, and the reaction time is 60 to 240 min.
9. The method for preparing moisture-absorbing quick-drying dope-dyed fiber according to claim 8, wherein in the step (3), the reaction temperature of the final polycondensation reaction is 245-270 ℃ and the reaction time is 120-180 min.
10. The method for preparing moisture-absorbing quick-drying dope dyed fiber according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the spinning temperature of the moisture-absorbing quick-drying dope dyed fiber is 230 to 285 ℃.
11. The moisture-absorbing quick-drying dope-dyed polyester fiber prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the moisture-absorbing quick-drying dope-dyed fiber has a colorant content of 0.3 to 10.0 wt%, a color uniformity of 3 to 5 grades, a drip diffusion time of 0.1 to 3s, an evaporation rate of 0.18 to 1.30g/h, and a soaping color fastness of 3 to 5 grades.
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