CN107717190B - Gas shielded arc welding droplet transfer control device and control method based on molten drop resonance principle - Google Patents
Gas shielded arc welding droplet transfer control device and control method based on molten drop resonance principle Download PDFInfo
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- CN107717190B CN107717190B CN201710943060.0A CN201710943060A CN107717190B CN 107717190 B CN107717190 B CN 107717190B CN 201710943060 A CN201710943060 A CN 201710943060A CN 107717190 B CN107717190 B CN 107717190B
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- wheel
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- seal wire
- molten drop
- droplet transfer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/32—Accessories
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
Abstract
Gas shielded arc welding droplet transfer control device and control method based on molten drop resonance principle; it is related to a kind of gas shielded arc welding droplet transfer control device and control method, and in particular to a kind of gas shielded arc welding droplet transfer control device and control method based on molten drop resonance principle.The present invention there is a problem of more for the gas shielded arc welding droplet transfer under low current.Device of the present invention include the first seal wire to wheel, the second seal wire to wheel, third seal wire is to wheel, cam guide wheel mechanism, cam drive mechanism and ignition tip, first seal wire sets gradually wheel, the second seal wire to wheel, third seal wire from left to right to wheel, second seal wire is mounted on the upper end of the cam guide wheel mechanism to wheel, cam in the cam guide wheel mechanism is connect with the cam drive mechanism, and welding wire sequentially passes through three pairs of seal wires from right to left and connect to after wheel with ignition tip.The invention belongs to welding fields.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of gas shielded arc welding droplet transfer control device and control methods, and in particular to one kind is based on molten
The gas shielded arc welding droplet transfer control device and control method for dripping resonance principle, belong to welding field.
Background technique
With the continuous development of science and technology, requirement of China's every profession and trade to welding technique is higher and higher, the application of thin plate
More and more, thin plate is more sensitive to the heat input in welding process, and biggish heat input will lead to thin plate and burn, deform
And the problem of appearance of weld out-of-flatness.Therefore, need to reduce welding current when welding thin plate to reduce heat input.But
Under low current, electromagnetic force suffered by molten drop and plasma jet power are not big enough, by the obstruction of surface tension and spot power, droplet transfer
For big (thick) drop transition, and droplet transfer process is irregular, unstable.
Welding field is existing at present much accelerates the method for droplet transfer by additionally applying vibration.As patent is " a kind of
Ultrasonic wave and the compound welding method of melt pole electrical arc " (ZL200710144660.7) utilizes ultrasound by applying ultrasonic wave
The molten drop that cavitation effect, dither effect weld consumable electrode gas is in the case where very little to molten bath transition；Patent " micro-vibration
Welder and method " (ZL201410779089.6) carries out micro-vibration to electrode by vibration device, promotes the droplet transfer；Specially
Benefit " electrode or packing material push-pull type micro-vibration auxiliary arc welding equipment and method " (ZL201410492669.7) is by vibrational structure
Micro-vibration welding wire or packing material are conducted to by the clamping device at electrode both ends, make welding wire or packing material perpendicular to axis
To reciprocating motion；Patent " a kind of TIG method and its device of mechanical oscillation auxiliary droplet transfer " (ZL201210026693.2)
It drives vibrating arm up and down reciprocatingly to vibrate using auxiliary mechanical vibrator, heated filament is combined with the vibration of welding wire.Although this
A little methods can improve molten drop transition frequency to a certain extent, reduce heat input, but these methods have similar deficiency:
One, most of existing invention is that vibrating mechanism band moving electrode or welding gun are vibrated, due to welding gun or electrode sole mass
Greatly, motional inertia is big, therefore mechanism is extremely difficult to higher frequency, and the intrinsic frequency of molten drop itself is larger, therefore mechanism is difficult
It is resonated with causing molten drop, the practical effect for promoting the droplet transfer is undesirable；Two, existing invention promotes the mechanism of droplet transfer
Indefinite with purpose, vibrating has certain randomness to the effect of molten drop, and the droplet transfer is not uniform enough；Three, it is parallel to work
The vibration (swing) on part surface may result in molten drop due to inertia be detached from welding wire after under fall in deviate Weld pipe mill position, drop
Low welding quality, increases the difficulty of cleaning；Four, vibrating mechanism is located at outside welding gun, is not easy to that handheld device is made.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the gas shielded arc welding droplet transfer under low current and there is a problem of more, proposes former based on molten drop resonance
The gas shielded arc welding droplet transfer control device and control method of reason.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above problem is as follows: device of the present invention include the first seal wire to wheel,
Second seal wire is to wheel, third seal wire to wheel, cam guide wheel mechanism, cam drive mechanism and ignition tip, and the first seal wire is to wheel, second
Seal wire sets gradually wheel, third seal wire to wheel from left to right, and the second seal wire is mounted on the upper of the cam guide wheel mechanism to wheel
It holds, the cam in the cam guide wheel mechanism is connect with the cam drive mechanism, and welding wire sequentially passes through three pairs from right to left and leads
Silk is connect to after wheel with ignition tip.
Specific step is as follows for the method for the invention:
Step 1: starting high-speed servo motor, high-speed servo motor drive variable diameters cam with 0~50Hz by shaft coupling
Frequency rotation；
Step 2: cam guide wheel drives cam follower to do straight reciprocating motion with the frequency of twice cam speed；
Step 3: the second seal wire to wheel drive the first seal wire to wheel with third seal wire to the welding wire between wheel in vertical welding wire
Direction carry out periodic wobble.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1, the present invention the gas shielded arc welding droplet transfer under low current there are aiming at the problem that,
Propose the mechanical droplet transfer accuracy control method based on Welding Molten Drop resonance principle.Its specific effect is in high-speed motor
Under the cooperation of cam mechanism, so that welding head in welding process is generated straight reciprocating motion, made by the way of active exciting
Forced vibration occurs for molten drop, and when molten drop is grown up to a certain extent, generation resonance prematurely pops out to be fallen in molten bath under welding wire, completes
Droplet transfer.Droplet transfer control mode of the invention is different from existing ultrasonic wave or micro-vibration exciting mode, is not simple
The process for promoting the droplet transfer by additional-energy, but use the vibration of the specific frequency of (1mm~3mm) by a relatively large margin,
It intentionally forces to grow up and resonance occurs rapidly to the molten drop for being expected size and completes the droplet transfer.It is intrinsic with it according to molten drop quality
The relationship of frequency controls the speed of high-speed servo motor, changes the frequency that welding wire moves back and forth, to realize the essence of molten drop size
Really control.If the size of cooperation adjustment welding current, the size of molten drop and the frequency of transition are controllable when the droplet transfer
's；2, the present invention makes molten drop generate resonance using the intrinsic frequency of molten drop and the relationship of quality using the method for mechanical exciting, can
To promote molten drop to fall in advance, the generation of short circuiting transfer and globular transfer is prevented；3, added before falling present invention reduces molten drop
The time of heat, the heat input to thin plate is reduced, meanwhile, thermal weld stress is more uniform and controllable；4, since molten drop is added
The time of heat shortens, and molten drop will not overheat, and the gas dissolved in molten drop is reduced, and is conducive to inhibit weld porosity defect, while can
To reduce the alloying element scaling loss of welding material, and then improve weldquality；5, the present invention is without the blow-out in short circuiting transfer
Journey improves the continuity and stability of welding process, can effectively improve welding efficiency and welding quality；6, the present invention realizes small
The accurate control of gas shielded arc welding droplet transfer under electric current, the molten drop size and transition frequency when transition are controllable；7, this hair
The bright limitation for getting rid of short circuiting transfer welding parameters, expands the adjustable range of welding parameter.The vibration frequency of welding head
It can be adjusted in real time with Oscillation Amplitude, welding method has good adaptability to different operating conditions and welding requirements.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of gas shielded arc welding droplet transfer control device；
Fig. 2 is molten drop stress condition schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is molten drop intrinsic frequency and its relationship between quality schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is welding head position curve schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is molten drop resonance schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is welding system collaborative work schematic illustration.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment 1: illustrating present embodiment in conjunction with Fig. 1 to Fig. 6, molten drop resonance is based on described in present embodiment
The gas shielded arc welding droplet transfer control device of principle include the first seal wire to the 1, second seal wire of wheel to wheel 2, third seal wire is to wheel
3, cam guide wheel mechanism, cam drive mechanism and ignition tip 13, the first seal wire is to the 1, second seal wire of wheel to wheel 2, third seal wire pair
Wheel 3 is set gradually from left to right, and the second seal wire is mounted on the upper end of the cam guide wheel mechanism, the cam guide wheel machine to wheel 2
The lower end of structure is connect with the cam drive mechanism, welding wire 5 from right to left one sequentially pass through three pairs of seal wires to after wheel with ignition tip
13 connections.
Specific embodiment 2: illustrating present embodiment in conjunction with Fig. 1 to Fig. 6, molten drop resonance is based on described in present embodiment
The cam guide wheel mechanism of the gas shielded arc welding droplet transfer control device of principle includes reset spring 10, cam follower 11 and cam
Guide wheel 12, the upper end of cam follower 11 connect wheel 2 with the second seal wire, and the lower end of cam follower 11 is connect with cam guide wheel 12,
Reset spring 10 is sleeved on cam follower 11, and reset spring 10 is located at the second seal wire between wheel 2 and cam guide wheel 12.Its
It is formed and connection relationship is same as the specific embodiment one.
Specific embodiment 3: illustrating present embodiment in conjunction with Fig. 1 to Fig. 6, molten drop resonance is based on described in present embodiment
The cam drive mechanism of the gas shielded arc welding droplet transfer control device of principle includes high-speed servo motor 6, sliding rail 7, shaft coupling 8
With variable diameters cam 9, high-speed servo motor 6 is mounted on sliding rail 7, and high-speed servo motor 6 can move linearly along sliding rail 7, high
The rotation axis of fast servo motor 6 is connect by shaft coupling 8 with variable diameters cam 9, the wheel rim and cam guide wheel 12 of variable diameters cam 9
Contact.Other compositions and connection relationship are the same as one or two specific embodiments.
Specific embodiment 4: illustrating present embodiment in conjunction with Fig. 1 to Fig. 6, molten drop resonance is based on described in present embodiment
The gas shielded arc welding droplet transfer control device of principle further includes retaining collet 4, and retaining collet 4 is mounted on welding wire 5.Other groups
At and connection relationship it is same as the specific embodiment one.
Specific embodiment 5: illustrating present embodiment in conjunction with Fig. 1 to Fig. 6, molten drop resonance is based on described in present embodiment
Specific step is as follows for the gas shielded arc welding droplet transfer control method of principle:
Step 1: starting high-speed servo motor 6, high-speed servo motor 6 by shaft coupling 8 drive variable diameters cam 9 with 0~
The frequency of 50Hz rotates；
Step 2: cam guide wheel 12 drives cam follower 11 to do linear reciprocation fortune with the frequency of twice cam speed
It is dynamic；
Step 3: the second seal wire to wheel 2 drive the first seal wire to wheel 1 with third seal wire to wheel 3 between welding wire 5 vertical
The direction of welding wire 5 carries out periodic wobble.
Gas shielded arc welding droplet transfer control device working principle
Welding wire 5 is sent into vibrating mechanism by wire-feed motor by wire guiding nipple 4, and the first seal wire is to the 1, second seal wire of wheel to wheel 2, the
Three seal wires play wheel 3 to clamp welding wire and guiding, driving that itself is unpowered.After high-speed motor 6 starts, pass through shaft coupling 8
Variable diameters cam 9 is driven to rotate with certain frequency, cam guide wheel 12 drives mandril to do straight reciprocating motion with corresponding frequency.
The first seal wire on cam follower 11 to wheel 2 drive the first seal wire to the 1, second seal wire of wheel to the welding wire 5 between wheel 3 in vertical welding
The direction of silk carries out periodic wobble.It can see welding head at ignition tip 13 and do periodic " submitting-pumpback " vibration
It is dynamic.By the above working principle it is found that changing the speed of servo motor, thus it is possible to vary the frequency of welding head vibration.High-speed motor 6
On sliding rail 7, controlled by precision electric motor, it can be along motor axial linear movement.By attached cam structure shown in Fig. 2 it is found that
Diameter gradually changes cam 9 in the longitudinal direction, and the working sections of cam 9 can change with high-speed motor along moving for sliding rail
To realize the electrodeless adjustment of welding head Oscillation Amplitude indirectly.
Molten drop the resonance method promotes the principle of droplet transfer as follows:
In welding process shown in the stress condition of molten drop such as Fig. 2 (a).Under the conditions of small current welding, molten drop is by arc force
(electromagnetic contractile force, plasma jet power) is smaller, and under the obstruction of surface tension and spot power, the droplet transfer is difficult.According to SHAM
" quality-spring " model proposed, the molten drop of welding wire end can regard " quality-spring " system as, wherein spring
One end is connected to solid wire, and the other end is connected to liquid metal molten drop, and the surface tension of molten drop shows as spring-return power, such as
Shown in Fig. 2 (b).In welding process, the quality of molten drop, the coefficient of elasticity of spring and damped coefficient constantly change, and system can be with table
It is shown as the two-order oscillation system of a time-varying:
F (t)=Fem+Fd+Fg
X is displacement of the molten drop mass center along welding wire axis in formula, and m is molten drop quality, and b is damped coefficient, and k is spring damping system
Number, F are the applied external force that molten drop is subject to, including electromagnetic force Fem, plasma jet power FdWith molten drop gravity Fg.B (t) and k (t) can
To be expressed as the function of molten drop quality m, and demarcated in test by high-speed camera.
If molten drop quality is definite value m, corresponding the elastic coefficient and damped coefficient are definite value.According to aforementioned vibration
Dynamic formula is referred to as " intrinsic frequency " of molten drop it is found that the vibration frequency of system is definite value f in this patent.Due to welding process
The quality of middle molten drop constantly changes, and therefore " intrinsic frequency " is also constantly changing.The relationship of molten drop intrinsic frequency and its quality is such as
Shown in attached drawing 3, wherein molten drop quality and the intrinsic frequency of vibration are corresponded.
Wire-feed motor wire feed rate is determined according to welding parameter, so that wire feed rate is identical as welding wire melting rate (m/min).
If not starting welding wire pulsing mechanism, situation is identical as common welding process, and wire feed rate is identical as burn-off rate, welding head
Hardly happen movement.The intrinsic frequency of molten drop and the relationship of its quality determine welding wire excited frequency in 3 with reference to the accompanying drawings.Starting weldering
After silk pulsation, the actual displacement of welding head is changed over time as shown in Fig. 4.Newly-generated molten drop is in the process gradually grown up
In, once its intrinsic frequency is close or equal to the vibration frequency of welding head, resonance will quickly occur.As shown in Fig. 5,
Molten drop amplitude quickly increases, and a certain moment is detached from welding head and enters a molten bath droplet transfer of completion.Hereafter, molten drop continues to grow
Greatly, this process is repeated.
Attached drawing 6 is a kind of application example of " the molten drop accurate transition control mechanism based on the resonance method ".It is set in general welding
Welding wire pulsing mechanism, PC host computer and Control System of Microcomputer shown in standby middle introducing attached drawing 1, may be constructed closed loop control in conjunction with sensor
System processed.Welding wire is sent into vibrating mechanism by wire-feed motor, and vibrating mechanism enters in welding gun after sending out welding wire, and welding gun is by welding robot
It accommodates and controls its movement.In the welding process, if welding operating condition changes, control system collects this by sensor
After one information, the adjustment of corresponding welding parameter can be made by scheduled control algolithm, while by the tune of excited frequency and amplitude
Whole instruction is sent to microcomputer, makes corresponding adjustment to welding wire pulsing mechanism by microcomputer.The above adjustment process can weld
Real-time perfoming in journey improves the adaptability of welding system.
The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention in any form, though
So the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment, and however, it is not intended to limit the invention, any technology people for being familiar with this profession
Member, without departing from the scope of the present invention, when the technology contents using the disclosure above are modified or are modified
For the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations, but without departing from the technical solutions of the present invention, according to the technical essence of the invention, In
Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any simple modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements to the above embodiments etc., still
Belong within the protection scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. the gas shielded arc welding droplet transfer control device based on molten drop resonance principle, it is characterised in that: described humorous based on molten drop
The gas shielded arc welding droplet transfer control device of vibration principle includes that the first seal wire leads wheel (1), the second seal wire to wheel (2), third
Silk to wheel (3), cam guide wheel mechanism, cam drive mechanism and ignition tip (13),
The cam guide wheel mechanism includes reset spring (10), cam follower (11) and cam guide wheel (12), cam follower (11)
Upper end wheel (2) is connect with the second seal wire, the lower end of cam follower (11) is connect with cam guide wheel (12), reset spring (10)
It is sleeved on cam follower (11), and reset spring (10) is located at the second seal wire between wheel (2) and cam guide wheel (12)；
The cam drive mechanism includes high-speed servo motor (6), sliding rail (7), shaft coupling (8) and variable diameters cam (9), high speed
Servo motor (6) is mounted on sliding rail (7), and high-speed servo motor (6) can move linearly along sliding rail (7), high-speed servo motor
(6) rotation axis is connect by shaft coupling (8) with variable diameters cam (9), the wheel rim of variable diameters cam (9) and cam guide wheel (12)
Contact；
First seal wire sets gradually wheel (1), the second seal wire to wheel (2), third seal wire from left to right to wheel (3), the second seal wire
The upper end of the cam guide wheel mechanism is mounted on to wheel (2), the cam guide wheel (12) in the cam guide wheel mechanism with it is described convex
Actuation connection, welding wire (5) sequentially pass through three pairs of seal wires from right to left and connect to after wheel with ignition tip (13).
2. the gas shielded arc welding droplet transfer control device based on molten drop resonance principle, feature exist according to claim 1
In: the gas shielded arc welding droplet transfer control device based on molten drop resonance principle further includes retaining collet (4), retaining collet
(4) it is mounted on welding wire (5).
3. a kind of control method for carrying out the gas shielded arc welding droplet transfer using claim 1 described device, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating the gas shielded arc welding droplet transfer control method based on molten drop resonance principle, specific step is as follows:
Step 1: starting high-speed servo motor (6), high-speed servo motor (6) drives variable diameters cam (9) by shaft coupling (8)
It is rotated with the frequency of 0~50Hz；
Step 2: cam guide wheel (12) drives cam follower (11) to do linear reciprocation fortune with the frequency of twice cam speed
It is dynamic；
Step 3: the second seal wire drives the first seal wire to wheel (1) and third seal wire to welding wire (5) In between wheel (3) to wheel (2)
The direction of vertical welding wire (5) carries out periodic wobble.
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| CN201710943060.0A CN107717190B (en) | 2017-10-11 | 2017-10-11 | Gas shielded arc welding droplet transfer control device and control method based on molten drop resonance principle |
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| CN107717190B true CN107717190B (en) | 2019-11-15 |
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Families Citing this family (3)
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| CN112964205B (en) * | 2021-02-18 | 2022-09-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Online detection method for molten drop size of gas metal arc welding |
| CN114734121B (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2023-08-18 | 北京工业大学 | Device and method for actively controlling and transiting molten drop form |
| CN116750578B (en) * | 2023-06-06 | 2024-04-12 | 深圳雅鑫建筑钢结构工程有限公司 | Welding wire automatic feeding device and feeding method for welding robot |
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| CN101185986A (en) * | 2007-11-23 | 2008-05-28 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Ultrasound wave and melt pole electrical arc compound welding method |
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