CN107705687B - Back inclined trap observation experimental device and application thereof - Google Patents
Back inclined trap observation experimental device and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107705687B CN107705687B CN201711009519.6A CN201711009519A CN107705687B CN 107705687 B CN107705687 B CN 107705687B CN 201711009519 A CN201711009519 A CN 201711009519A CN 107705687 B CN107705687 B CN 107705687B
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Abstract
The invention provides a back oblique trap observation experimental device and application thereof. The back oblique trap observation experimental device of the invention comprises: a transparent tube which is horizontally arranged and provided with an observation section formed by more than one back oblique trap shape, transparent particle media are filled in the transparent tube, and an inlet valve and an outlet valve are respectively arranged at the inlet end and the outlet end of the transparent tube; the transparent thin tubes are vertically and alternately arranged on the observation section of the transparent tube, and the bottoms of the transparent thin tubes are respectively provided with a valve; a water tank in communication with the inlet end of the transparent tube. The back oblique trap observation experimental device can observe the pressure measuring surface and the gas gathering process of the back oblique trap, thereby being convenient for the development of petroleum geology teaching.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an experimental device for observing a back inclined trap, in particular to a back inclined trap observation experimental device and application thereof.
Background
Anticline trap is a closed geological structure in which oil and gas can accumulate due to the reservoir being wrinkled and deformed (top-up) and the upper part of the reservoir being covered and shielded by impermeable rock layers. The types of anticline trap can be divided into a plurality of types according to the causes, wherein the most important is anticline caused by lateral extrusion force of rock stratum (for example anticline of the old jun temple) or anticline caused by differential lifting movement (for example Daqing chlamydia). In terms of the development history of the construct, the anticline trap may be formed by one or more fold changes. The back inclined trap where oil and natural gas are gathered forms a back inclined reservoir in which gas normally occupies the top of the back inclined as a result of gravity variation, oil is centrally distributed in an annulus, and water supports the oil and gas below.
Hydrodynamic force is one of important powers of oil and gas secondary migration, but the reason for the generation and the action content on the oil and gas migration are abstract, and are difficulties in petroleum geology teaching all the time. The pressure measuring surface is a connecting line of the top surfaces of the water heads of all points of the same layer and is used for reflecting the change of the water heads in the transverse direction, the pressure measuring surface is horizontal under the static water condition, and the pressure measuring surface is inclined under the dynamic water condition; by observing the pressure measuring surface under the static water condition and the dynamic water condition, the observation of the water pressure heads at different positions can be realized, and the understanding of students on theoretical knowledge of textbooks can be deepened. In addition, through the dynamic simulation of the gas migration and aggregation process in the back inclined trap under the still water condition, the visual understanding of the basic concepts of the back inclined trap and the measurement elements (overflow points and closing heights) of the back inclined trap and the understanding of the gas aggregation process of the back inclined trap can be enhanced.
However, no relevant experimental device for observing the pressure measuring surface and the gas gathering process of the back oblique trap exists at present, so that the development of petroleum geology teaching is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a back oblique trap observation experimental device and application thereof, which can observe a pressure measuring surface and a gas gathering process of the back oblique trap, thereby being convenient for developing petroleum geology teaching.
The invention provides a back oblique trap observation experimental device, which comprises:
a transparent tube which is horizontally arranged and provided with an observation section formed by more than one back oblique trap shape, transparent particle media are filled in the transparent tube, and an inlet valve and an outlet valve are respectively arranged at the inlet end and the outlet end of the transparent tube;
the transparent thin tubes are vertically and alternately arranged on the observation section of the transparent tube, and the bottoms of the transparent thin tubes are respectively provided with a valve;
a water tank in communication with the inlet end of the transparent tube.
In the invention, the transparent tube is used for simulating a back oblique trap geological structure; it will be appreciated that the anticline trap shape is one in which the top surface is upwardly arched, having a highest point (i.e. the top end) and a lowest point (i.e. the bottom end). The number of the back oblique trap shapes of the observation section is not strictly limited, can be determined according to actual geological structures, can be generally 2-3, and can be the same or different.
The invention does not limit the material of the transparent particle medium filled in the transparent tube strictly, so long as the transparent tube is convenient to be filled and the observation of the back inclined trap experiment is not influenced. In one embodiment, the transparent particulate medium may be fine glass beads, which may be about 1mm in diameter. It will be appreciated that the transparent particulate medium inside the transparent tube should be able to remain permanently inside the transparent tube and should not leak out during the experiment.
In addition, the material and the size of the transparent pipe are not strictly limited, the material only needs to enable the transparent pipe to be colorless and transparent, the observation of the back oblique trap experiment is not affected, and the size can be reasonably designed according to the actual geological structure. Specifically, the transparent tube can be a glass tube or an organic glass tube, preferably an organic glass tube, which is not easy to break; the inner diameter of the transparent tube can be about 50mm, the linear length after shaping can be about 1400mm, and the size is convenient to operate; in addition, the angle between the inclined surface on the transparent tube and the horizontal plane may be about 30 °.
It will be appreciated that the inlet and outlet valves of the transparent tube should be openable to varying degrees to facilitate the regulation of the water injection and water discharge rates.
In the invention, a plurality of transparent tubules are used for observing the pressure measuring surface of the back inclined trap under the static water condition and the moving water condition; it will be appreciated that the inner diameters of the plurality of transparent tubes may be set to be the same or different. In one embodiment, the inner diameters of the transparent fine pipes are set to be the same, so that the change of the transverse water head of the same layer is reflected conveniently, and the transparent fine pipes are attractive. In the present invention, one end of the transparent thin tube, which is close to the transparent tube, is set as the bottom end.
The invention does not strictly limit the number of the transparent tubules, and it is understood that a plurality of transparent tubules should be reasonably and intermittently arranged on the observation section of the transparent tube, and the transparent tubules should be at least arranged at the top end and the bottom end of each back oblique trap shape of the observation section of the transparent tube, and in addition, the transparent tubules may be reasonably and intermittently arranged between the top end and the bottom end of each back oblique trap shape. The size and the material of the transparent tubule are not strictly limited, the inner diameter of the transparent tubule can be about 10mm, and the material of the transparent tubule can be glass or organic glass. It will be appreciated that the junction of the transparent tubule and transparent tube should be sealed to ensure water and air tightness.
In addition, a scale can be marked on each transparent tubule; the graduation value of the graduation can be 1mm, so that the experiment result can be conveniently quantified and recorded.
Further, a metal filter screen may be provided at each valve, thereby preventing the transparent particulate medium in the transparent tube from leaking.
In the invention, the water tank is used for filling water into the transparent pipe; the water tank may be disposed above the inlet end of the transparent tube, and in particular, the top surface of the water tank may be highly parallel to each transparent tubule. The volume and the material of the water tank are not strictly limited, and the volume may be determined by pilot experiments, and may be set to about 4 times the volume of the transparent tube, and may be further set to 10 to 15 liters, and the material may be plexiglass, for example. In addition, scales can be marked on the water tank, so that the practical operation is facilitated.
The fixing means of the transparent tube, the plurality of transparent tubules and the water tank is not strictly limited, and may be fixed in a conventional manner in the art. For example, the back oblique trap observation experiment device may further include a bracket, and the transparent tube, the plurality of transparent tubules, and the water tank may be respectively fixed to the bracket, thereby forming a whole. The specific structure of the bracket is not strictly limited, and for example, a back plate can be provided, and the back plate can be made of steel plate or aluminum plate through phosphating and spraying plastic, and is required to be rust-proof, waterproof and wear-proof.
Further, the back oblique trap observation experiment device may further include a movable table having a water inlet for filling water into the water tank and a water outlet for discharging water, and the bracket is fixed on the movable table.
The movable workbench is mainly used for installing the bracket; wherein, the mesa of mobile workbench upper portion can adopt corrosion resistant plate to make, and the cabinet body can adopt the steel sheet to make, and the surface can phosphorize the plastic spraying to require rust-proof waterproof abrasionproof to decrease. In addition, can install the movable castor in the movable workbench lower part, the movable castor can possess brake equipment, both convenient removal can fix a position after arranging. The size of the movable table is not strictly limited as long as practical operation is facilitated, and may be set to 1400mm (length) ×580mm (width) ×700mm (height), for example.
The back oblique trap observation experimental device is mainly used for observing the pressure measuring surface of the back oblique trap under the static water condition and the dynamic water condition. Specifically, the inlet valve of the transparent pipe and the valve of each transparent thin pipe are opened, water is injected into the water tank, then the outlet valve of the transparent pipe is closed, and after the liquid level in each transparent thin pipe is stable, the liquid level in each transparent thin pipe is observed, so that the pressure measuring surface under the condition of still water can be obtained. And opening an outlet valve of the transparent pipe to balance the water outlet speed and the water inlet speed of the transparent pipe, and observing the liquid level in each transparent tubule after the liquid level in each transparent tubule is stable, so as to obtain the pressure measuring surface under the condition of moving water.
The invention also provides a back oblique trap pressure measuring surface observation experiment method, which is carried out by adopting the back oblique trap pressure measuring surface observation experiment device, and comprises the following steps:
1) Opening an inlet valve of the transparent tube and a valve of each transparent tubule;
2) Filling the water tank with water, and then closing an outlet valve of the transparent pipe;
3) After the liquid level in each transparent tubule is stable, the liquid level in each transparent tubule is observed.
Further, after step 3), the method further comprises the following steps:
4) And opening an outlet valve of the transparent tube to balance the water outlet speed and the water inlet speed of the transparent tube, and observing the liquid level in each transparent tubule after the liquid level in each transparent tubule is stable.
In the present invention, the balance of the water outlet speed and the water inlet speed means that the water outlet speed is the same as or approximately the same as the water inlet speed; the balance of the water outlet speed and the water inlet speed of the transparent pipe can be realized by injecting water into the water tank and keeping the water level surface of the water tank relatively stable.
The experimental method for observing the back inclined trap pressure measuring surface can observe the back inclined trap pressure measuring surface under the static water condition and the dynamic water condition, and the observation of the water pressure heads at different positions is realized, so that the understanding of students on theoretical knowledge of textbooks is facilitated.
In addition, in order to facilitate the control of the water inlet and outlet speeds during the experiment, the inlet valve, the outlet valve and the valve of each transparent tubule may be set to a half-open state.
Further, in the back oblique trap observation experimental device, the air injection pipe is arranged at the outlet end of the transparent pipe, the air injection pipe is arranged at the inner side of the outlet valve, and the pressure regulating valve is arranged on the air injection pipe.
In the invention, the injection pipe is used for injecting gas into the transparent pipe, thereby being convenient for observing the gas gathering process of the anticline trap. It will be appreciated that in use, the gas injection tube may be connected to a gas source; the air source can be conventional equipment such as an air compressor and the like, and is provided with conventional components such as an air inlet valve and the like. The pressure regulating valve is used for controlling the flow and pressure of the injected gas and can be adjusted according to experimental requirements.
The back inclined trap observation experimental device provided with the gas injection pipe can also perform a back inclined trap gas gathering process simulation experiment, so that the gas gathering process of the back inclined trap is convenient to observe. Specifically, an inlet valve of the transparent pipe is opened, a valve of each transparent thin pipe is closed, colored water is injected into the water tank, the transparent pipe is filled with the colored water in the water tank, and then an outlet valve of the transparent pipe is closed; and (3) opening the pressure regulating valve, and slowly injecting air into the transparent pipe through the air compressor, so that the migration and aggregation process of the air in the anticline trap can be observed. After that, the pressure regulating valve is closed, and the outlet valve of the transparent pipe is opened, so that the influence of flowing water on the gas accumulation in the anticline trap can be observed, and students can understand the influence of hydrodynamic strength on the effectiveness of the trap and the preservation and damage of a gas reservoir conveniently.
The back oblique trap observation experimental device is mainly used for teaching experiments of the family, and meets the relevant safety standards and specifications of the national and education departments; the fittings used should avoid burrs and sharp corners, thus ensuring experimental safety.
The working temperature of the back inclined trap observation experimental device can be room temperature and the working pressure can be normal pressure, and the experimental device can be used for observing the pressure measuring surface of moving water and still water conditions and also can be used for observing the migration and aggregation processes of oil gas in the back inclined trap under the still water conditions, so that the understanding of oil gas migration and aggregation accumulation is deepened.
The invention also provides a back-inclined trap gas-gathering observation experiment method which is carried out by adopting the back-inclined trap gas-gathering observation experiment device, and the experiment method comprises the following steps:
1) Opening an inlet valve of the transparent tube and closing a valve of each transparent tubule;
2) Injecting colored water into the water tank, filling the transparent pipe with colored water in the water tank, and then closing an outlet valve of the transparent pipe;
3) And opening the pressure regulating valve, slowly injecting air into the transparent pipe through the air compressor, and observing the migration and aggregation process of the air in the anticline trap.
Further, after step 3), the method further comprises the following steps:
4) The pressure regulating valve was closed and the outlet valve of the transparent tube was opened, observing the effect of flowing water on the gas accumulation in the anticline trap.
The back inclined trap gas gathering observation experimental method can observe the migration and gathering process of gas in the back inclined trap and the influence of moving water on gas gathering in the back inclined trap, so that the visual understanding of students on the basic concepts of the back inclined trap and the measurement elements (overflow points and closing heights) of the back inclined trap and the understanding of the influence of the back inclined trap gas gathering process and hydrodynamic strength on the effectiveness of the trap and the influence on the preservation and damage of the gas reservoir are facilitated.
It will be appreciated that the anticlockwise trap observation experimental set-up of the present invention also includes other necessary components such as a tap or the like. In a specific mode, each set of back inclined trap observation experimental device comprises 1 transparent pipe, 5 transparent tubules, 7 water valves, 1 tap, 1 gas valve, 1 air compressor and 1 matched joint, 1 water tank, 1 support, 1 mobile workbench (i.e. experimental bench), and a special pipeline, a pipeline joint and the like for water inlet and drainage.
Wherein, the valve can adopt a 1/4 ball valve (304 stainless steel); the bracket can be a stainless steel bracket; the workbench can be a stainless steel workbench; the water inlet and the water outlet can be used together by six groups of connected pipelines which are arranged in the six sets of movable tables, and the pipelines can not permeate water. The whole set of experimental device is required to be attractive, and the water inlet and drainage pipelines cannot be exposed outside the movable workbench.
The back oblique trap observation experimental device is integrally made of organic glass, is light-transmitting, good in visual performance, high in strength, not easy to break, and easy to operate, and is provided with a special PVC pipeline for water inlet and drainage. When the experiment is finished, the water inlet valve is opened, then the liquid level is observed, and the water discharge valve is opened when the experiment is finished; in addition, the experimental device can also complete the back oblique trap experiment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a back oblique trap observation experiment device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a back oblique trap observation experiment device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1: a transparent tube; 11: an observation section; 12: an inlet valve; 13: an outlet valve; 2: a transparent tubule; 21: a valve; 3: a water tank; 4: an air injection pipe; 41: and a pressure regulating valve.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the back oblique trap observation experiment device of the present embodiment includes: a transparent tube 1 which is horizontally arranged and provided with an observation section 11 formed by more than one back inclined trap shape, transparent particle media are filled in the transparent tube 1, and an inlet valve 12 and an outlet valve 13 are respectively arranged at the inlet end and the outlet end of the transparent tube 1; a plurality of transparent tubules 2 vertically and at intervals arranged on the observation section 11 of the transparent tube 1, and a valve 21 is respectively arranged at the bottom of each transparent tubule 2; a water tank 3 communicating with the inlet end of the transparent tube 1.
The transparent pipe 1 is mainly used for simulating a back oblique trap geological structure; wherein the anticline trap shape is a shape with the top surface arched upwards, and has a highest point (i.e. top end) and a lowest point (i.e. bottom end). The number of the back oblique trap shapes of the observation section 11 is determined according to the actual geological structure; in this embodiment, the number of the back oblique trap shapes of the observation section 11 is specifically three, and the back oblique trap shapes may be the same or different.
The material of the transparent granular medium filled in the transparent tube 1 is not strictly limited, so long as the transparent tube 1 is convenient to be filled and the observation of the back inclined trap experiment is not affected. In this example, the transparent particulate medium is fine glass beads having a diameter of about 1 mm; it will be appreciated that the transparent particulate medium inside the transparent tube 1 should be able to be permanently stored inside the transparent tube 1 and should not leak out during the experiment.
In addition, the material and the size of the transparent tube 1 are not strictly limited, and the material can be used for making the transparent tube 1 colorless and transparent, so that the observation of the back oblique trap experiment is not influenced, and the size can be reasonably designed according to the actual geological structure. In this embodiment, the transparent tube 1 is a plexiglass tube, which is not easily broken; the inner diameter of the transparent tube 1 may be about 50mm, the linear length after shaping may be about 1400mm, and the angle between the inclined plane on the transparent tube 1 and the horizontal plane may be about 30 °.
It will be appreciated that the inlet valve 12 and the outlet valve 13 of the transparent tube 1 should be openable to different extents to facilitate the regulation of the water filling flow and the water outlet flow.
The transparent tubules 2 are used for observing the pressure measuring surface of the back inclined trap under the static water condition and the dynamic water condition; it will be appreciated that the inner diameters of the plurality of transparent tubules 2 may be set to be the same or different. In this embodiment, the inner diameters of the plurality of transparent tubules 2 are set to be the same, so that the change of the transverse water pressure head at the same level is reflected conveniently, and the appearance is attractive. Wherein, the end of the transparent thin tube 2 close to the transparent tube 1 is set as the bottom end.
The number of the transparent tubules 2 is not strictly limited, and it should be understood that the plurality of transparent tubules 2 should be disposed on the observation section 11 of the transparent tube 1 at reasonable intervals, and the transparent tubules 2 should be disposed at least on the top end and the bottom end of each back oblique trap shape of the observation section 11 of the transparent tube 1, and in addition, may be disposed between the top end and the bottom end of each back oblique trap shape at reasonable intervals. In the present embodiment, the number of the transparent tubules 2 is 5, which are respectively provided at the top and bottom ends of the three anticline trap shapes.
The size and material of the transparent tubule 2 are not strictly limited, and in this embodiment, the inner diameter of the transparent tubule 2 is about 10mm, and the material of the transparent tubule 2 is plexiglass. It will be appreciated that the junction of the transparent tubule 2 and the transparent tube 1 should be sealed to ensure that it is impermeable to water and air.
Furthermore, a scale is marked on each transparent tubule 2; the graduation value of the graduation is 1mm, so that the experiment result can be conveniently quantified and recorded.
Further, metal filter screens may be provided at the inlet valve 12, the outlet valve 13 and the respective valves 21, thereby preventing the transparent particulate medium in the transparent pipe 1 from leaking.
The water tank 3 is used for filling water into the transparent pipe 1; the water tank 3 may be disposed above the inlet end of the transparent tube 1, and the top surface of the water tank 3 may be highly parallel to each of the transparent tubules 2. The volume and the material of the water tank 3 are not strictly limited, and the volume can be determined according to a pilot experiment. In this embodiment, the volume of the water tank 3 is set to about 4 times of the volume of the transparent tube 1, specifically 10-15 liters, and the material of the water tank 3 is plexiglass. In addition, scales may be marked on the water tank 3 so as to facilitate actual operation.
The fixing means of the transparent tube 1, the plurality of transparent tubules 2 and the water tank 3 is not strictly limited, and may be fixed in a conventional manner in the art. In this embodiment, the experimental device for observation and observation of back-inclined trap further comprises a bracket, and the transparent tube 1, the plurality of transparent tubules 2 and the water tank 3 are respectively fixed on the bracket, thereby forming a whole. The specific structure of the bracket is not strictly limited, and in this embodiment, a back plate is provided, which may be made of steel plate or aluminum plate by phosphating and spraying plastic, and is required to be rust-proof, waterproof and wear-proof.
Further, the back oblique trap observation experiment device further comprises a movable workbench, the movable workbench is provided with a water inlet for injecting water into the water tank 3 and a water outlet for draining water, and the bracket is fixed on the movable workbench.
The movable workbench is mainly used for installing the bracket; wherein, the mesa of mobile workbench upper portion can adopt corrosion resistant plate to make, and the cabinet body can adopt the steel sheet to make, and the surface can phosphorize the plastic spraying to require rust-proof waterproof abrasionproof to decrease. In addition, can install the movable castor in the movable workbench lower part, the movable castor can possess brake equipment, both convenient removal can fix a position after arranging. The size of the movable workbench is not strictly limited, so long as the movable workbench is convenient for practical operation; in this embodiment, the size of the movable table is set to 1400mm (length) ×580mm (width) ×700mm (height).
The back oblique trap observation experimental device of the embodiment is mainly used for teaching experiments of the family, and meets the relevant safety standards and specifications of the national and education departments; the fittings used should avoid burrs and sharp corners, thus ensuring experimental safety.
More specifically, the experimental device for observing the back oblique trap in the embodiment is mainly used for observing the pressure measuring surface of the back oblique trap under the static water condition and the dynamic water condition. Specifically, the inlet valve 12 of the transparent tube 1 and the valve 21 of each transparent thin tube 2 are opened, after water is injected into the water tank 3, the outlet valve 13 of the transparent tube 1 is closed, and after the liquid level in each transparent thin tube 2 is stable, the liquid level in each transparent thin tube 2 is observed, so that the pressure measuring surface under the still water condition can be obtained. After that, the outlet valve 13 of the transparent tube 1 is opened to balance the water outlet speed and the water inlet speed of the transparent tube 1, and after the liquid level in each transparent tubule 2 is stabilized, the liquid level in each transparent tubule 2 is observed to obtain the pressure measuring surface under the condition of moving water.
Example 2
The experimental method for observing the back oblique trap pressure measuring surface of the embodiment is carried out by adopting the experimental device for observing the back oblique trap of the embodiment 1, and the experimental method is as follows:
1. back inclined trap pressure measuring surface observed under still water condition
1) Before an experiment, the total water inlet valve is opened;
2) Opening an inlet valve 12 of the transparent tube 1 and a valve 21 of each transparent thin tube 2 of the back inclined trap observation experimental device;
3) Opening a water inlet valve to fill water into the water tank 3, closing the water inlet valve to stop filling water when the water level in the water tank 3 reaches a certain height, and then closing the outlet valve 13 of the transparent pipe 1;
4) After the liquid level in each transparent tubule 2 is stable, observing the liquid level in each transparent tubule 2, reading the scale value of the liquid level in each transparent tubule, and integrally photographing and recording.
2. Observing the back inclined trap pressure measuring surface under dynamic water condition
After the above experiment for observing the back oblique trap pressure measuring surface under the still water condition is completed, the experiment for observing the back oblique trap pressure measuring surface under the moving water condition is continued, namely: after the above step 4):
5) The water inlet valve is opened again, the outlet valve 13 of the transparent pipe 1 is opened, the water outlet speed and the water inlet speed of the transparent pipe 1 are balanced by keeping the water level surface in the water tank 3 relatively stable, after the liquid level in each transparent tubule 2 is stable, the liquid level in each transparent tubule 2 is observed, the scale value of the liquid level in each transparent tubule is read, and the whole photographing record is carried out.
The experimental method for observing the back inclined trap pressure measuring surface can observe the back inclined trap pressure measuring surface under the static water condition and the dynamic water condition, and can observe the water pressure heads at different positions, so that students can understand textbook theoretical knowledge conveniently.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 2, the back oblique trap observation experimental apparatus of the present embodiment is modified on the basis of the back oblique trap observation experimental apparatus of embodiment 1; specifically, an air injection pipe 4 is further provided at the outlet end of the transparent pipe 1, the air injection pipe 4 is provided inside the outlet valve 13, and a pressure regulating valve 41 is provided on the air injection pipe 4.
The injection pipe is used for injecting air into the transparent pipe 1, so that the air gathering process of the back inclined trap is convenient to observe. It will be appreciated that in use, the gas injection tube 4 may be connected to a gas source; the air source may be a conventional device such as an air compressor having conventional components such as an intake valve 21. The pressure regulating valve 41 is used for controlling the flow rate and pressure of the injected gas, and can be adjusted according to experimental requirements.
The back oblique trap observation experimental device of the embodiment can also perform a back oblique trap gas collecting process simulation experiment, so that the gas collecting process of the back oblique trap is convenient to observe. Specifically, the inlet valve 12 of the transparent tube 1 is opened, the valve 21 of each transparent thin tube 2 is closed, and then after the colored water is injected into the water tank 3, the colored water in the water tank 3 fills the transparent tube 1, the outlet valve 13 of the transparent tube 1 is closed; the pressure regulating valve 41 is opened, and air is slowly injected into the transparent pipe 1 through the air compressor, so that the migration and aggregation process of the air in the anticline trap can be observed. After that, the pressure regulating valve 41 is closed, and the outlet valve 13 of the transparent pipe 1 is opened, so that the influence of the moving water on the gas accumulation in the back inclined trap can be observed, and the influence of hydrodynamic strength on the effectiveness of the trap and the influence on the preservation and damage of the gas reservoir can be conveniently understood by students.
Example 4
The back oblique trap gas-gathering observation experimental method of the embodiment is performed by adopting the back oblique trap gas-gathering observation experimental device of the embodiment 3, and the experimental method is as follows:
1. migration and aggregation process of observation gas in anticline trap
1) Before an experiment, the total water inlet valve is opened;
2) Opening the inlet valve 12 of the transparent tube 1 and closing the valve 21 of each transparent tubule 2;
3) After water is injected into the water tank 3 until the water level reaches a certain height, stopping injecting water, and adding red ink into the water tank to dye the water in the water tank 3 into red; subsequently, the outlet valve 13 of the transparent tube 1 is slowly opened, so that the red-colored water in the water tank 3 fills the transparent tube 1, and then the outlet valve 13 of the transparent tube 1 is closed;
4) Opening a power supply of the air compressor, and then opening an air inlet valve;
5) The pressure regulating valve 41 is slowly opened, and air is slowly injected into the transparent pipe 1 through the air compressor;
6) And observing the migration and aggregation processes of the air in the three back inclined trap, observing the position of the overflow point of each back inclined trap and the form of an air-water interface, and photographing respectively when the air is filled in each trap.
2. Observing the influence of dynamic water on the gas accumulation in the anticline trap
After the experiment of the migration and aggregation process of the observation gas in the anticline trap is completed, the influence of the moving water on the aggregation gas in the anticline trap is continuously observed, namely: after the above step 6):
7) Closing the pressure regulating valve 41, opening the outlet valve 13 of the transparent pipe 1 (the water outlet speed is low at the beginning and the water outlet speed is slowly increased), simultaneously opening the water inlet valve, observing the form and the change of the air-water interface in each back oblique trap, and taking a picture; observing the influence of hydrodynamic strength on the characteristic of the accumulated gas;
8) After the experiment is finished, the experimental device is cleaned, and the water inlet valve is closed.
9) And closing the total water inlet valve, closing the air compressor and the air inlet valve, and then opening the air outlet valve of the air source.
The back oblique trap gas gathering observation experimental method of the embodiment can observe the migration and gathering process of gas in the back oblique trap and the influence of hydrodynamic force strength on the gas gathering in the back oblique trap, so that visual understanding of the basic concepts of the back oblique trap and the measurement elements (overflow points and closing heights) of the back oblique trap and the influence of the back oblique trap gas gathering process and hydrodynamic force strength on the trap effectiveness and the understanding of gas reservoir preservation and damage are facilitated.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a back oblique trap observation experimental apparatus which characterized in that includes:
a transparent tube which is horizontally arranged and provided with an observation section formed by more than one back oblique trap shape, transparent particle media are filled in the transparent tube, and an inlet valve and an outlet valve are respectively arranged at the inlet end and the outlet end of the transparent tube;
the transparent thin tubes are vertically and alternately arranged on the observation section of the transparent tube, and the bottoms of the transparent thin tubes are respectively provided with a valve;
a water tank communicating with an inlet end of the transparent tube;
an air injection pipe is arranged at the outlet end of the transparent pipe, the air injection pipe is arranged at the inner side of the outlet valve, and a pressure regulating valve is arranged on the air injection pipe;
the transparent thin tube is at least arranged at the top end and the bottom end of each back inclined trap shape of the transparent tube observation section;
each transparent tubule is marked with a scale.
2. The back tilt trap observation experiment device of claim 1, further comprising a bracket, wherein the transparent tube, the plurality of transparent tubules, and the water tank are each secured to the bracket.
3. The back tilt trap observation experiment device of claim 2, further comprising a mobile table having a water inlet for filling the water tank and a water outlet for draining water, the bracket being secured to the mobile table.
4. A back oblique trap pressure measurement surface observation experiment method, which is characterized by adopting the back oblique trap observation experiment device of any one of claims 1 to 3, and comprising the following steps:
1) Opening an inlet valve of the transparent tube and a valve of each transparent tubule;
2) Filling the water tank with water, and then closing an outlet valve of the transparent pipe;
3) After the liquid level in each transparent tubule is stable, the liquid level in each transparent tubule is observed.
5. The back-trap pressure measurement surface observation test method of claim 4, further comprising the step of, after step 3):
4) And opening an outlet valve of the transparent tube to balance the water outlet speed and the water inlet speed of the transparent tube, and observing the liquid level in each transparent tubule after the liquid level in each transparent tubule is stable.
6. A back-diagonal trap gas-gathering observation experiment method, characterized in that the back-diagonal trap gas-gathering observation experiment device of any one of claims 1 to 3 is adopted, and the experiment method comprises the following steps:
1) Opening an inlet valve of the transparent tube and closing a valve of each transparent tubule;
2) Injecting colored water into the water tank, filling the transparent pipe with colored water in the water tank, and then closing an outlet valve of the transparent pipe;
3) And opening the pressure regulating valve, slowly injecting air into the transparent pipe through the air compressor, and observing the migration and aggregation process of the air in the anticline trap.
7. The back-loop trap gas observation experiment method according to claim 6, further comprising the following steps after step 3):
4) The pressure regulating valve was closed and the outlet valve of the transparent tube was opened, observing the effect of flowing water on the gas accumulation in the anticline trap.
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