CN107702429A - Liquid air energy-storage system efficiency lifting device and method - Google Patents
Liquid air energy-storage system efficiency lifting device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107702429A CN107702429A CN201710491411.9A CN201710491411A CN107702429A CN 107702429 A CN107702429 A CN 107702429A CN 201710491411 A CN201710491411 A CN 201710491411A CN 107702429 A CN107702429 A CN 107702429A
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000013529 heat transfer fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004887 air purification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
- F25J1/0012—Primary atmospheric gases, e.g. air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
- F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
- F25B1/10—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with multi-stage compression
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B25/00—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00
- F25B25/02—Compression-sorption machines, plants, or systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
- F25J1/004—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by flash gas recovery
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
- F25J1/0042—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by liquid expansion with extraction of work
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
- F25J1/0045—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by vaporising a liquid return stream
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0201—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using only internal refrigeration means, i.e. without external refrigeration
- F25J1/0202—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using only internal refrigeration means, i.e. without external refrigeration in a quasi-closed internal refrigeration loop
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
- F25J1/0235—Heat exchange integration
- F25J1/0242—Waste heat recovery, e.g. from heat of compression
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0244—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
- F25J1/0245—Different modes, i.e. 'runs', of operation; Process control
- F25J1/0251—Intermittent or alternating process, so-called batch process, e.g. "peak-shaving"
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
- F25J1/0262—Details of the cold heat exchange system
- F25J1/0264—Arrangement of heat exchanger cores in parallel with different functions, e.g. different cooling streams
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
- F25J1/0298—Safety aspects and control of the refrigerant compression system, e.g. anti-surge control
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
- F25J2205/24—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using regenerators, cold accumulators or reversible heat exchangers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
- F25J2230/04—Compressor cooling arrangement, e.g. inter- or after-stage cooling or condensate removal
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
- F25J2240/90—Hot gas waste turbine of an indirect heated gas for power generation
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses liquid air energy-storage system efficiency lifting device and method, the device includes air liquefaction circulation loop and air power generation cycle loop.Low power consumption period, excrescent electric power driving air liquefaction circulation obtain liquid air, the air heat of compression are stored with time stage；Peak of power consumption period, the work of air power generation cycle：Liquid air is after over pressurizeed, classification storage low temperature cold, air inlet turbine set expansion power generation, the partial air heat of compression is consumed, and the unnecessary air heat of compression can both drive Rankine cycle to obtain extra electricity, and Absorption Cooling System can also be driven to obtain low temperature cold and be used for liquefied air.The present invention can realize that cold heat can be classified the purpose that storage, the air heat of compression efficiently utilized and improved system effectiveness.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of new liquid air energy-storage system, is that a kind of cold heat can be classified storage, the air heat of compression
The device and method efficiently utilized, belong to the technical field that liquid air energy storage, refrigeration and organic Rankine generate electricity.
Background technology
Liquid air energy storage technology is a kind of to be used as the deep cooling energy storage technology of energy-accumulating medium by the use of liquid air or nitrogen.With
Electric low-valley interval, using electrical energy production liquid air or nitrogen, while by caused high-temperature high-pressure in air or nitrogen compression process
Contracting thermmal storage is got up；Peak of power consumption period, liquid air or nitrogen pressurize, after cryogenic cold energy recovery storage by force (forcing) pump, drive
Dynamic air turbine acting generates electricity.Liquid air energy storage has that volume energy storage density is big, the response time is short and is not limited by geographical conditions
The features such as processed, extensive concern is obtained.
In liquid air thermal energy storage process, the storage of high temperature air compression heat energy and low temperature liquid air cold energy is general to use
The structure of fixing packed bed, the result is that the axial dispersion rate of storage cold heat device is very big, and it is induced by itLoss and not
Stable temperature output not only influences the efficiency of system, and influences the operating condition of system.
In addition, caused high temperature compressed heat is more than liquid air or nitrogen power generation process institute during air or liquefaction of nitrogen
The heat needed, excessive high temperature compressed hot (20-40%) are typically directly discharged into environment, are not utilized effectively, cause
The waste of energy.
Therefore, how efficient and rational storage cold heat energy and to utilize the air heat of compression, for increase system generated energy,
Raising system generating efficiency has great importance.
The content of the invention
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention proposes liquid air energy-storage system efficiency lifting device and method, should
Device compresses heat energy by being classified storage low temperature liquid air cold energy and high temperature air, avoids different energy level cold heats from mixing and makes
IntoLoss, realize effective storage of cold heat energy；In addition, compressing thermal drivers Rankine cycle using unnecessary air obtains volume
Outer generated energy, improve system generated energy；Or driving Absorption Cooling System obtains low temperature cold, improves system liquefied fraction, is
A kind of efficient and rational storage cold heat and air heat of compression Land use systems.
For achieving the above object, the present invention uses following technical scheme：
A kind of liquid air energy-storage system efficiency lifting device of the present invention and method, including air liquefaction are recycled back to
Road and air power generation cycle loop；Wherein, the air liquefaction circulation loop includes：Air-compressor set, the air-compressor set have
Left side input, left side output end, right side input and right side output end；6th control valve, the left side of the 6th control valve
Input is connected with the right side output end of the air-compressor set；The air heat of compression is classified memory cell, the air heat of compression point
The left side port of level memory cell is connected with the right side port of the 6th control valve；5th control valve, the 5th control valve
The right side port of upper port and the air heat of compression classification memory cell be connected；5th circulating pump, the 5th circulation
The input of pump is connected with the left side output end of the 5th control valve；The output end of 5th circulating pump and the air compressor machine
The right side input connection of group；First Heat Exchanger, the right side input of the First Heat Exchanger and the left side of the air-compressor set
Output end connects；The upper right side output end of the First Heat Exchanger is connected with the left side input of the air-compressor set；First follows
Ring pump, the output end of the first circulation pump are connected with the lower left side input of the First Heat Exchanger；First control valve, it is described
The upper output terminal of first control valve is connected with the input of the first circulation pump；Middle grade cold energy is classified memory cell, institute
The left side port for stating middle grade cold energy classification memory cell is connected with the right side port of first control valve；Second control valve,
The upper input of second control valve is connected with the lower right side output end of the First Heat Exchanger；Second control valve
Left side port is connected with the right side port of the middle grade cold energy classification memory cell；Second heat exchanger, second heat exchanger
Right side input be connected with the left side output end of the First Heat Exchanger；The upper right side output end of second heat exchanger and institute
State the upper left side input connection of First Heat Exchanger；3rd circulating pump, the output end of the 3rd circulating pump are changed with described second
The lower left side input connection of hot device；3rd control valve, upper output terminal and the 3rd circulating pump of the 3rd control valve
Input connection；High-grade cold energy is classified memory cell, the left side port of the high-grade cold energy classification memory cell and institute
State the right side port connection of the 3rd control valve；4th control valve, the left side port of the 4th control valve and the high-grade are cold
The right side port connection of memory cell can be classified；The upper input of 4th control valve and the bottom right of second heat exchanger
Side output end connection；Low temperature turbine, the input of the low temperature turbine are connected with the left side output end of second heat exchanger；Liquid
State air reservoir, the upper input of the liquid air storage tank are connected with the output end of the low temperature turbine；The liquid is empty
The upper output terminal of gas storage tank is connected with the upper left side input of second heat exchanger；The air power generation cycle loop and sky
Gas liquefaction circulation loop share the 5th control valve, the air heat of compression classification memory cell, the 6th control valve, liquid air storage tank,
3rd control valve, high-grade cold energy classification memory cell, the 4th control valve, the first control valve, the classification storage of middle grade cold energy are single
Member and the second control valve, in addition to：First force (forcing) pump, the right side of the input of first force (forcing) pump and the liquid air storage tank
Side output end connection；First evaporator, the output end of the left side input of first evaporator and first force (forcing) pump connect
Connect；The left side output end of first evaporator is connected with the lower input of the 3rd control valve；4th circulating pump, it is described
The output end of 4th circulating pump is connected with the right side input of first evaporator；The input of 4th circulating pump and institute
State the lower output side connection of the 4th control valve；Second evaporator, the left side input of second evaporator and described first
The right side output end connection of evaporator；The lower input of the left side output end of second evaporator and first control valve
Connection；Second circulation pump, the output end of the second circulation pump are connected with the right side input of second evaporator；Described
The input of two circulating pumps is connected with the lower output side of second control valve；Air turbine unit, the air turbine machine
The upper input of group is connected with the right side output end of second evaporator；The right side input of the air turbine unit with
The lower output side connection of 6th control valve；Flow control valve, the left side input of the flow control valve and described the
The lower output side connection of six control valves；6th circulating pump, input and the air turbine unit of the 6th circulating pump
The connection of right side output end；The output end of 6th circulating pump is connected with the lower input of the 5th control valve；It is unnecessary
Air heat of compression range site, the lower input of the additional air heat of compression range site and the right side of the flow control valve
Side output end connection；The input of the lower output side of the additional air heat of compression range site and the 6th circulating pump connects
Connect.
Further, the air-compressor set includes one or more compressors and cooler；The air turbine unit bag
Containing one or more turbines and heater.
Further, middle grade cold energy classification memory cell, high-grade cold energy classification memory cell and the air compression
Heat classification memory cell includes one or more levels, the latent heat or sensible heat energy storage material at different levels using corresponding warm area, and at different levels
It is heat-insulated using insulation material.
Further, the additional air heat of compression range site includes：Working medium expanding machine, the working medium expanding machine have
One input and an output end；Evaporative condenser, the left side input of the evaporative condenser and the working medium expanding machine
Output end connection；Second force (forcing) pump, the input of second force (forcing) pump connect with the right side output end of the evaporative condenser
Connect；Working medium heater, the right side input of the working medium heater are connected with the output end of second force (forcing) pump；The working medium
The left side output end of heater is connected with the input of the working medium expanding machine；The left side input of the working medium heater and institute
State the lower input connection of additional air heat of compression range site；The right side output end of the working medium heater with it is described unnecessary
The lower output side connection of air heat of compression range site；First refrigeration compressor, the input of first refrigeration compressor
It is connected with the left side output end of the evaporative condenser；Condenser, the left side input of the condenser and the described first refrigeration
The output end connection of compressor；The right side input of the condenser and left side output end be connected respectively cooling medium import and
Outlet；First throttle valve, the input of the first throttle valve are connected with the right side output end of the condenser；The first segment
The output end of stream valve is connected with the right side input of the evaporative condenser.
Further, the additional air heat of compression range site also includes：Absorber, the right side input of the absorber
End is connected with the left side output end of the evaporative condenser；Solution pump, a left side for the input of the solution pump and the absorber
Side output end connection；Solution heat exchanger, the lower input of the solution heat exchanger and the output end of the solution pump connect
Connect；Solvent valve, the input of the solvent valve are connected with the lower output side of the solution heat exchanger；The solvent valve it is defeated
Go out end to be connected with the upper input of the absorber；Regenerator, the lower input of the regenerator are handed over solution heat
The upper output terminal connection of parallel operation；The upper input of the lower output side of the regenerator and the solution heat exchanger connects
Connect；The right side output end of the regenerator is connected with the left side input of the condenser；7th control valve, the 7th control
The left side output end of valve is connected with the left side input of the regenerator；The right side output end of 7th control valve and the work
The left side input connection of matter heater；The lower input of 7th control valve utilizes list with the additional air heat of compression
The lower input connection of member；8th control valve, the left side of the left side input and the regenerator of the 8th control valve are defeated
Go out end connection；The upper output terminal of 8th control valve is connected with the left side input of the working medium heater；Described 8th
The right side output end of control valve is connected with the lower output side of the additional air heat of compression range site；Second throttle, institute
The input of second throttle is stated to be connected with the right side output end of the evaporative condenser；Cryogenic vaporizer, the low-temperature evaporation
The right side input of device is connected with the output end of the second throttle；The left side input of the cryogenic vaporizer and right side are defeated
Go out the inlet and outlet that end connects cryogen respectively；Second refrigeration compressor, the input of second refrigeration compressor with
The left side output end connection of the cryogenic vaporizer；The output end of second refrigeration compressor and a left side for the evaporative condenser
Side input connection.
Preferably, air liquefaction circulation can use the working medium such as air or nitrogen；High-grade cold energy classification memory cell
Heat-transfer fluid can be propane or air etc.；The heat-transfer fluid of middle grade cold energy classification memory cell can be methanol or air
Deng；The heat-transfer fluid of air heat of compression classification memory cell can be conduction oil or air etc.；Working medium expanding machine can use
The working medium such as R134A or R32；First refrigeration compressor can use the normal temperature refrigerants such as R134A or R410A；Second refrigerant compression
Machine can use the super low temperature refrigeration working medium such as R508B or R23；Absorber and regenerator can use NH3-H2O or LiBr-H2O etc.
Solution.
Specifically, the liquid air energy-storage system efficiency method for improving that the present invention uses, comprises the following steps：
Low power consumption period, air liquefaction circulation work：After surrounding air purification, high pressure is forced into air-compressor set,
Heat of compression classification caused by air compression process is stored in air heat of compression classification memory cell simultaneously；Air-compressor set outlet
Pressure-air is progressively cooled to low temperature by First Heat Exchanger, the second heat exchanger, is depressured into low temperature turbine expansion, obtains liquid
Air, and it is stored in liquid air storage tank；
Peak of power consumption period, the work of air power generation cycle：The liquid air of liquid air outlet is by the first pressurization
Pump is forced into high pressure, successively respectively deposits high-grade cold energy and the classification of middle grade cold energy by the first evaporator, the second evaporator
Storage is classified memory cell and middle grade cold energy classification memory cell in high-grade cold energy, expands and sends out subsequently into air turbine unit
Electricity；The air heat of compression of air heat of compression classification memory cell storage, a part is used for air turbine unit, before heating expansion
Air, another part are used for additional air heat of compression range site, obtain additional power amount or low temperature cold.
Further, middle grade cold energy classification memory cell, high-grade cold energy classification memory cell and the air heat of compression point
Level memory cell using classification storage, can effectively reduce diabatic processLoss；In addition it is at different levels to use insulation material
It is heat-insulated, it is possible to prevente effectively from caused by different energy level cold heats can mixLoss.
Further, additional air heat of compression range site is classified unnecessary in memory cell using the air heat of compression
The air heat of compression, have no effect on the generated energy of air turbine unit.
Preferably, additional air heat of compression range site can utilize unnecessary air compression thermal drivers absorption refrigeration to follow
Ring obtains low temperature cold, is circulated for air liquefaction, improves system liquefied fraction.
Preferably, additional air heat of compression range site can utilize unnecessary air compression thermal drivers Rankine cycle, obtain
Extra generated energy is taken, improves system generated energy.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：
1) present invention can effectively reduce biography using classification storage low temperature liquid air cold energy and high temperature air compression heat energy
Thermal processLoss, and avoid caused by different energy level cold heats can mixLoss, realize effective storage of cold heat energy.
2) present invention is by the reasonable distribution air heat of compression, and in the case where not influenceing original system generated energy, it is unnecessary to obtain
The air heat of compression, avoid the waste of the high-grade heat of compression.
3) present invention is obtained extra generated energy, can significantly increased using unnecessary air compression thermal drivers Rankine cycle
Adding system generated energy, improve system whole efficiency.
4) present invention obtains low temperature cold, for air using unnecessary air compression thermal drivers Absorption Cooling System
Liquefaction cycle, system liquefied fraction is improved, and then improve system whole efficiency.
5) present invention is realizes that liquid air energy-storage system efficiency provides a kind of feasible method and scheme.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is liquid air energy-storage system efficiency lifting device of the present invention and the structural representation of method；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the middle grade cold energy classification memory cell shown in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the high-grade cold energy classification memory cell shown in Fig. 1；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the air heat of compression classification memory cell shown in Fig. 1；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the liquid air energy-storage system efficiency lifting device first embodiment shown in Fig. 1；
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the liquid air energy-storage system efficiency lifting device second embodiment shown in Fig. 1；
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the liquid air energy-storage system efficiency lifting device 3rd embodiment shown in Fig. 1；
Wherein, air-compressor set 100, the first compressor 101, the first cooler 102, the second compressor 103, the second cooler
104, the 3rd compressor 105, the 3rd cooler 106, First Heat Exchanger 201, the second heat exchanger 202, low temperature turbine 203, liquid
Air reservoir 204, the first force (forcing) pump 205, the first evaporator 206, the second evaporator 207, the first control valve 208, first circulation
Pump 209, the second control valve 210, second circulation pump 211, the 3rd control valve 212, the 3rd circulating pump 213, the 4th control valve 214,
4th circulating pump 215, the 5th control valve 216, the 5th circulating pump 217, the 6th control valve 218, flow control valve 219, the 6th follows
Ring pump 220, middle grade cold energy are classified memory cell 300, and middle grade cold energy stores the first order 301, middle grade cold energy storage second
Level 302, middle grade cold energy store the third level 303, high-grade cold energy classification memory cell 400, the high-grade cold energy storage first order
401, the high-grade cold energy storage second level 402, the high-grade cold energy storage third level 403, the high-grade cold energy storage fourth stage 404,
High-grade cold energy stores level V 405, air turbine unit 500, primary heater 501, the first turbine 502, secondary heater
503, the second turbine 504, the 3rd heater 505, the 3rd turbine 506, air heat of compression classification memory cell 600, the heat of compression is deposited
Store up the first order 601, the heat of compression storage second level 602, the heat of compression storage third level 603, additional air heat of compression range site
700, working medium expanding machine 701, evaporative condenser 702, the second force (forcing) pump 703, working medium heater 704, the first refrigeration compressor
705, condenser 706, first throttle valve 707, absorber 708, solution pump 709, solution heat exchanger 710, regenerator 711 is molten
Liquid valve 712, the 7th control valve 713, the 8th control valve 714, second throttle 715, cryogenic vaporizer 716, the second refrigerant compression
Machine 717.
Embodiment
The present invention will be described below with reference to accompanying drawings.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of liquid air energy-storage system efficiency lifting device and method of the present invention, including air liquefaction
Circulation loop and air power generation cycle loop；
Wherein, air liquefaction circulation loop includes：Air-compressor set 100, the first compressor 101, the first cooler 102,
Two compressors 103, the second cooler 104, the 3rd compressor 105, the 3rd cooler 106, First Heat Exchanger 201, second exchange heat
Device 202, low temperature turbine 203, liquid air storage tank 204, the first control valve 208, first circulation pump 209, the second control valve 210,
3rd control valve 212, the 3rd circulating pump 213, the 4th control valve 214, the 5th control valve 216, the control of the 5th circulating pump the 217, the 6th
Valve 218 processed, middle grade cold energy classification memory cell 300, high-grade cold energy classification memory cell 400, the classification of the air heat of compression are deposited
Storage unit 600；
Specifically, air-compressor set 100 has left side input, left side output end, right side input and right side output end, bag
Containing multiple compressors and cooler；The left side input of 6th control valve 218 is connected with the right side output end of air-compressor set 100；
The left side port of air heat of compression classification memory cell 600 is connected with the right side port of the 6th control valve 218；5th control valve
216 upper port is connected with the right side port of air heat of compression classification memory cell 600；The input of 5th circulating pump 217
It is connected with the left side output end of the 5th control valve 216, the output end of the 5th circulating pump 217 inputs with the right side of air-compressor set 100
End connection；The right side input of First Heat Exchanger 201 is connected with the left side output end of air-compressor set 100, First Heat Exchanger 201
Upper right side output end is connected with the left side input of air-compressor set 100；The output end and First Heat Exchanger of first circulation pump 209
201 lower left side input connection；The upper output terminal of first control valve 208 is connected with the input of first circulation pump 209；In
The left side port of grade cold energy classification memory cell 300 is connected with the right side port of the first control valve 208；Second control valve 210
Upper input be connected with the lower right side output end of First Heat Exchanger 201, the left side port of the second control valve 210 and middle grade
The right side port connection of cold energy classification memory cell 300；The right side input of second heat exchanger 202 and First Heat Exchanger 201
Left side output end connection, the upper right side output end of the second heat exchanger 202 are connected with the upper left side input of First Heat Exchanger 201；
The output end of 3rd circulating pump 213 is connected with the lower left side input of the second heat exchanger 202；The top of 3rd control valve 212 is defeated
Go out end to be connected with the input of the 3rd circulating pump 213；The left side port of high-grade cold energy classification memory cell 400 and the 3rd control
The right side port connection of valve 212；The left side port of 4th control valve 214 and the right side of high-grade cold energy classification memory cell 400
Port is connected, and the upper input of the 4th control valve 214 is connected with the lower right side output end of the second heat exchanger 202；Low temperature turbine
203 input is connected with the left side output end of the second heat exchanger 202；The upper input and low temperature of liquid air storage tank 204
The upper left side input of the output end connection of turbine 203, the upper output terminal of liquid air storage tank 204 and the second heat exchanger 202
Connection；
Air power generation cycle loop shares the 5th control valve 216 with air liquefaction circulation loop, the classification of the air heat of compression is deposited
Storage unit 600, the 6th control valve 218, liquid air storage tank 204, the 3rd control valve 212, high-grade cold energy classification memory cell
400th, the 4th control valve 214, the first control valve 208, the middle grade cold energy classification control valve 210 of memory cell 300 and second, are also wrapped
Include：First force (forcing) pump 205, the first evaporator 206, the second evaporator 207, second circulation pump 211, the 4th circulating pump 215, flow
Regulating valve 219, the 6th circulating pump 220, air turbine unit 500, primary heater 501, the first turbine 502, secondary heater
503rd, the second turbine 504, the 3rd heater 505, the 3rd turbine 506, additional air heat of compression range site 700；
Specifically, the input of the first force (forcing) pump 205 is connected with the right side output end of liquid air storage tank 204；First steams
The left side input of hair device 206 is connected with the output end of the first force (forcing) pump 205, the left side output end of the first evaporator 206 and the
The lower input connection of three control valves 212；The output end of 4th circulating pump 215 and the right side input of the first evaporator 206
Connection, the input of the 4th circulating pump 215 are connected with the lower output side of the 4th control valve 214；The left side of second evaporator 207
Input is connected with the right side output end of the first evaporator 206, left side output end and the first control valve of the second evaporator 207
208 lower input connection；The output end of second circulation pump 211 is connected with the right side input of the second evaporator 207, and second
The input of circulating pump 211 is connected with the lower output side of the second control valve 210；Air turbine unit 500 includes multiple heating
Device and turbine, the upper input of air turbine unit 500 are connected with the right side output end of the second evaporator 207, air turbine
The right side input of unit 500 is connected with the lower output side of the 6th control valve 218；The left side input of flow control valve 219
It is connected with the lower output side of the 6th control valve 218；The input of 6th circulating pump 220 and the right side of air turbine unit 500
Output end is connected, and the output end of the 6th circulating pump 220 is connected with the lower input of the 5th control valve 216；Additional air compresses
The lower input of heat utilization unit 700 is connected with the right side output end of flow control valve 219, and the additional air heat of compression utilizes list
The lower output side of member 700 is connected with the input of the 6th circulating pump 220.
Liquid air energy-storage system efficiency lifting device of the present invention and method, comprise the following steps：
Low power consumption period, air liquefaction circulation are started working：After surrounding air purification, pressurizeed into air-compressor set 100
It is stored in high pressure (being usually above 50bar), while by the heat of compression caused by air compression process (temperature 470K or so) classification
The air heat of compression is classified memory cell 600；The pressure-air (temperature 280K or so) that air-compressor set 100 exports enters the first heat exchange
Device 201, it is refluxed the cold energy cooling of cold air and the classification storage of memory cell 300 of middle grade cold energy；Pressure-air after precooling
(temperature 220K or so) enters the second heat exchanger 202, is refluxed cold air and high-grade cold energy is classified what memory cell 400 stored
Cold energy further cools down；Pressure-air after cooling enters the expansion of low temperature turbine 203 and is down to normal pressure, partial air liquefaction (temperature
78.8K) and liquid air storage tank 204 is stored in, not liquefied gaseous state atmospheric air (temperature 81.6K) flows back into the second heat exchange
Device 202, First Heat Exchanger 201 cool down pressure-air；
Peak of power consumption period, air power generation cycle are started working：The liquid air that liquid air storage tank 204 exports is by the
One force (forcing) pump 205 is forced into high pressure (being usually above 50bar), into the first evaporator 206 release high-grade cold energy (temperature 87K
Left and right), and be classified and be stored in high-grade cold energy classification memory cell 400；Secondly, grade in being discharged into the second evaporator 207
Cold energy (temperature 208K or so), and be classified and be stored in middle grade cold energy classification memory cell 300；Then, air inlet turbine
500 expansion power generations of group；The air heat of compression that air heat of compression classification memory cell 600 stores is by the 6th control valve 218, one
The air divided before the heating expansion of air inlet turbine set 500, and unnecessary part enters unnecessary sky by flow control valve 219
Air pressure contracting heat utilization unit 700.
Fig. 2 be Fig. 1 shown in middle grade cold energy be classified memory cell 300, including middle grade cold energy storage the first order 301,
The middle grade cold energy storage second level 302, the middle grade cold energy storage third level 303, but it is not limited to three-level；Series connection at different levels connect
Connect, and it is heat-insulated using insulation material.
Fig. 3 be Fig. 1 shown in high-grade cold energy be classified memory cell 400, including high-grade cold energy storage the first order 401,
The high-grade cold energy storage second level 402, the high-grade cold energy storage third level 403, the high-grade cold energy storage fourth stage 404, Gao Pin
Position cold energy storage level V 405, but it is not limited to Pyatyi；It is at different levels to be connected in series and heat-insulated using insulation material.
Fig. 4 is that the air heat of compression shown in Fig. 1 is classified memory cell 600, including the heat of compression storage first order 601, compression
The heat storage second level 602, the heat of compression storage third level 603, but it is not limited to three-level；It is at different levels to be connected in series, and using insulation
Material is heat-insulated.
As shown in figs 2-4, middle grade cold energy of the invention classification memory cell 300, the classification storage of high-grade cold energy are single
Member 400 and air heat of compression classification memory cell 600 can effectively reduce diabatic process using classification storageLoss；
In addition it is at different levels heat-insulated using insulation material, it is possible to prevente effectively from caused by different energy level cold heats can mixLoss.
Fig. 5 is the first embodiment of the liquid air energy-storage system efficiency lifting device and method shown in Fig. 1, wherein, it is more
Remaining air heat of compression range site 700 includes：Working medium expanding machine 701, evaporative condenser 702, the second force (forcing) pump 703, working medium add
Hot device 704, the first refrigeration compressor 705, condenser 706, first throttle valve 707；
Specifically, working medium expanding machine 701 has an input and an output end；The left side of evaporative condenser 702 is defeated
Enter end to be connected with the output end of working medium expanding machine 701；The right side of the input and evaporative condenser 702 of second force (forcing) pump 703 is defeated
Go out end connection；The right side input of working medium heater 704 is connected with the output end of the second force (forcing) pump 703, working medium heater 704
Left side output end is connected with the input of working medium expanding machine 701, and left side input and the additional air of working medium heater 704 compress
The lower input connection of heat utilization unit 700, right side output end and the additional air heat of compression of working medium heater 704 utilize list
The lower output side connection of member 700；The left side output end of the input of first refrigeration compressor 705 and evaporative condenser 702 connects
Connect；The left side input of condenser 706 is connected with the output end of the first refrigeration compressor 705, the right side input of condenser 706
It is connected the inlet and outlet of cooling medium respectively with left side output end；The input of first throttle valve 707 and the right side of condenser 706
Side output end connection, the output end of first throttle valve 707 are connected with the right side input of evaporative condenser 702.
As shown in figure 5, the high-pressure fluid (100bar or so) of the second force (forcing) pump 703 outlet enters working medium heater 704, quilt
Unnecessary air heat of compression heating in air heat of compression classification memory cell 600, temperature rise are swollen into working medium expanding machine 701
Swollen generating, extra generated energy is obtained, liquid is condensed into by cryogenic refrigeration working medium subsequently into evaporative condenser 702, pass through
Two force (forcing) pumps 703 are forced into high pressure；The gaseous refrigerant working medium that evaporative condenser 702 exports adds into the first refrigeration compressor 705
High pressure is depressed into, highly pressurised liquid is condensed into subsequently into condenser 706, it is cold to enter evaporation by the reducing pressure by regulating flow of first throttle valve 707
Condenser 702；
In order to further illustrate the first embodiment of the present invention, calculating is simulated to Fig. 5, it is each that table one show system
Key point parameter；As shown in Table 2, system whole efficiency can improve 10.3% to system performance parameter under the operating mode.
Each operating point parameter in the Fig. 5 of table one
Fig. 5 system performance parameters of table two
Fig. 6 is the second embodiment of the liquid air energy-storage system efficiency lifting device and method shown in Fig. 1, with Fig. 5 phases
Than difference is to substitute the first refrigeration compressor 705 using part additional air compression thermal drivers Absorption Cooling System；
Additional air heat of compression range site 700 includes：Working medium expanding machine 701, evaporative condenser 702, the second force (forcing) pump 703, working medium
Heater 704, condenser 706, first throttle valve 707, in addition to：Absorber 708, solution pump 709, solution heat exchanger 710,
Regenerator 711, solvent valve 712, the 7th control valve 713, the 8th control valve 714；
Specifically, the right side input of absorber 708 is connected with the left side output end of evaporative condenser 702；Solution pump 709
Input be connected with the left side output end of absorber 708；The lower input of solution heat exchanger 710 and solution pump 709
Output end connects；The input of solvent valve 712 is connected with the lower output side of solution heat exchanger 710, the output of solvent valve 712
End is connected with the upper input of absorber 708；The top of the lower input of regenerator 711 and solution heat exchanger 710 is defeated
Go out end connection, the lower output side of regenerator 711 is connected with the upper input of solution heat exchanger 710, the right side of regenerator 711
Side output end is connected with the left side input of condenser 706；The left side output end of 7th control valve 713 and a left side for regenerator 711
Side input connection, the right side output end of the 7th control valve 713 are connected with the left side input of working medium heater 704, the 7th control
The lower input of valve 713 processed is connected with the lower input of additional air heat of compression range site 700；8th control valve 714
Left side input be connected with the left side output end of regenerator 711, the upper output terminal of the 8th control valve 714 and working medium heater
704 left side input connects, under the right side output end and additional air heat of compression range site 700 of the 8th control valve 714
Portion's output end connection.
As shown in fig. 6, the utilization of the additional air heat of compression is divided into series model in additional air heat of compression range site 700
And paralleling model：
Series model, a part of high temperature fluid (unnecessary air compression that air heat of compression classification memory cell 600 exports
Heat, 200 DEG C or so) pass through flow control valve 219, the 7th control valve 713 entrance regenerator 711 heated solution (NH3-H2O or
LiBr-H2O), high-temperature stream temperature reduction (20 DEG C or so of temperature drop), working medium heater 704 is entered by the 8th control valve 714,
The high-pressure fluid of the entrance of heating working medium expanding machine 701；
Paralleling model, a part of high temperature fluid (unnecessary air compression that air heat of compression classification memory cell 600 exports
Heat, 200 DEG C or so) by flow control valve 219, the 7th control valve 713 divide two-way：Enter regenerator 711 all the way, another way is entered
Enter working medium heater 704.
Fig. 7 is the 3rd embodiment of the liquid air energy-storage system efficiency lifting device and method shown in Fig. 1, wherein unnecessary
Air heat of compression range site 700 includes：It is evaporative condenser 702, condenser 706, first throttle valve 707, absorber 708, molten
Liquid pump 709, solution heat exchanger 710, regenerator 711, solvent valve 712, in addition to second throttle 715, cryogenic vaporizer
716th, the second refrigeration compressor 717；
Specifically, the input of second throttle 715 is connected with the right side output end of evaporative condenser 702；Low-temperature evaporation
The right side input of device 716 is connected with the output end of second throttle 715, the left side input of cryogenic vaporizer 716 and right side
Output end connects the inlet and outlet of cryogen respectively；The input of second refrigeration compressor 717 and cryogenic vaporizer 716
Left side output end connection, the output end of the second refrigeration compressor 717 are connected with the left side input of evaporative condenser 702.
As shown in fig. 7, the additional air heat of compression enters the heated solution (NH of regenerator 7113-H2O), part NH3Evaporate into
Condenser 706 is condensed into liquid, by the reducing pressure by regulating flow of first throttle valve 707, into evaporative condenser 702 by the second refrigerant compression
The low-temperature refrigerant condensation (- 30 DEG C or so of temperature) that machine 717 exports；The weak solution that regenerator 711 exports passes through solution heat exchange
Device 710, solvent valve 712 enter absorber 708, absorb the gaseous state NH that evaporative condenser 702 exports3, solution concentration rise, pass through
Solution pump 709, solution heat exchanger 710 enter regenerator 711；The liquid low temperature refrigerant that evaporative condenser 702 exports passes through
The reducing pressure by regulating flow of second throttle 715, low temperature cold (- 90 DEG C or so of temperature) is obtained into cryogenic vaporizer 716, available for air
Liquefaction cycle, improve system liquefied fraction；The gaseous state low-temperature refrigerant that cryogenic vaporizer 716 exports passes through the second refrigeration compressor
717 pressurizations, into evaporative condenser 702.
The foregoing is only the present invention better embodiment, protection scope of the present invention not using above-mentioned embodiment as
Limit, as long as equivalent modification that those of ordinary skill in the art are made according to disclosed content or change, should all include power
In protection domain described in sharp claim.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of liquid air energy-storage system efficiency lifting device and method, it is characterised in that the device follows including air liquefaction
Loop back path and air power generation cycle loop, the air liquefaction circulation loop include：
Air-compressor set (100), the air-compressor set (100) have left side input, left side output end, right side input and right side
Output end；
6th control valve (218), the left side input of the 6th control valve (218) and the right side of the air-compressor set (100)
Output end connects；
Air heat of compression classification memory cell (600), the left side port of the air heat of compression classification memory cell (600) and institute
State the right side port connection of the 6th control valve (218)；
5th control valve (216), upper port and the air heat of compression classification memory cell of the 5th control valve (216)
(600) right side port connection；
5th circulating pump (217), the input of the 5th circulating pump (217) and the left side of the 5th control valve (216) are defeated
Go out end connection；The output end of 5th circulating pump (217) is connected with the right side input of the air-compressor set (100)；
First Heat Exchanger (201), the right side input of the First Heat Exchanger (201) and the left side of the air-compressor set (100)
Output end connects；The upper right side output end of the First Heat Exchanger (201) and the left side input of the air-compressor set (100) connect
Connect；
First circulation pump (209), the output end of the first circulation pump (209) and the lower left side of the First Heat Exchanger (201)
Input connects；
First control valve (208), the upper output terminal of first control valve (208) are defeated with the first circulation pump (209)
Enter end connection；
Middle grade cold energy classification memory cell (300), the left side port of the middle grade cold energy classification memory cell (300) and institute
State the right side port connection of the first control valve (208)；
Second control valve (210), the upper input of second control valve (210) and the right side of the First Heat Exchanger (201)
Lower side output terminal connects；The left side port of second control valve (210) and the middle grade cold energy classification memory cell (300)
Right side port connection；
Second heat exchanger (202), the right side input of second heat exchanger (202) and a left side for the First Heat Exchanger (201)
Side output end connection；The upper right side output end of second heat exchanger (202) and the upper left side of the First Heat Exchanger (201) are defeated
Enter end connection；
3rd circulating pump (213), the output end of the 3rd circulating pump (213) and the lower left side of second heat exchanger (202)
Input connects；
3rd control valve (212), the upper output terminal of the 3rd control valve (212) are defeated with the 3rd circulating pump (213)
Enter end connection；
High-grade cold energy classification memory cell (400), the left side port of the high-grade cold energy classification memory cell (400) and institute
State the right side port connection of the 3rd control valve (212)；
4th control valve (214), left side port and the high-grade cold energy classification memory cell of the 4th control valve (214)
(400) right side port connection；The upper input of 4th control valve (214) and the right side of second heat exchanger (202)
Lower side output terminal connects；
Low temperature turbine (203), the input of the low temperature turbine (203) and the left side output end of second heat exchanger (202)
Connection；
Liquid air storage tank (204), the upper input of the liquid air storage tank (204) and the low temperature turbine (203)
Output end connects；The upper output terminal of the liquid air storage tank (204) and the upper left side of second heat exchanger (202) input
End connection；
The air power generation cycle loop shares liquid air storage tank (204), the first control valve with air liquefaction circulation loop
(208), the second control valve (210), the 3rd control valve (212), the 4th control valve (214), the 5th control valve (216), the 6th control
Valve (218), middle grade cold energy classification memory cell (300), high-grade cold energy classification memory cell (400) and the air heat of compression processed
Memory cell (600) is classified, in addition to：
First force (forcing) pump (205), the input of first force (forcing) pump (205) and the right side of the liquid air storage tank (204)
Output end connects；
First evaporator (206), the left side input of first evaporator (206) are defeated with first force (forcing) pump (205)
Go out end connection；The left side output end of first evaporator (206) connects with the lower input of the 3rd control valve (212)
Connect；
4th circulating pump (215), the output end of the 4th circulating pump (215) and the right side of first evaporator (206) are defeated
Enter end connection；The input of 4th circulating pump (215) is connected with the lower output side of the 4th control valve (214)；
Second evaporator (207), the left side input of second evaporator (207) and the right side of first evaporator (206)
Side output end connection；The left side output end of second evaporator (207) and the lower input of first control valve (208)
Connection；
Second circulation pump (211), the output end of the second circulation pump (211) and the right side of second evaporator (207) are defeated
Enter end connection；The input of the second circulation pump (211) is connected with the lower output side of second control valve (210)；
Air turbine unit (500), the upper input of the air turbine unit (500) and second evaporator (207)
The connection of right side output end；The right side input of the air turbine unit (500) and the bottom of the 6th control valve (218)
Output end connects；
Flow control valve (219), the left side input of the flow control valve (219) with the 6th control valve (218)
Portion's output end connection；
6th circulating pump (220), the input of the 6th circulating pump (220) and the right side of the air turbine unit (500)
Output end connects；The output end of 6th circulating pump (220) is connected with the 5th control valve (216) lower input；
Additional air heat of compression range site (700), the lower input of the additional air heat of compression range site (700) with
The right side output end connection of the flow control valve (219)；The bottom output of the additional air heat of compression range site (700)
End is connected with the input of the 6th circulating pump (220).
2. liquid air energy-storage system efficiency lifting device according to claim 1 and method, it is characterised in that the sky
Press group (100) includes one or more compressors and cooler；The air turbine unit (500) includes one or more saturating
Gentle heater.
3. liquid air energy-storage system efficiency lifting device according to claim 1 and method, it is characterised in that in described
Grade cold energy classification memory cell (300), high-grade cold energy classification memory cell (400) and air heat of compression classification memory cell
(600) comprising one or more levels series connection.
4. liquid air energy-storage system efficiency lifting device according to claim 1 and method, it is characterised in that described more
Remaining air heat of compression range site (700) includes：
Working medium expanding machine (701), the working medium expanding machine (701) have an input and an output end；
Evaporative condenser (702), the left side input of the evaporative condenser (702) are defeated with the working medium expanding machine (701)
Go out end connection；
Second force (forcing) pump (703), the right side of the input and the evaporative condenser (702) of second force (forcing) pump (703) are defeated
Go out end connection；
Working medium heater (704), the right side input of the working medium heater (704) are defeated with second force (forcing) pump (703)
Go out end connection；The left side output end of the working medium heater (704) is connected with the input of the working medium expanding machine (701)；Institute
The left side input of working medium heater (704) is stated with the lower input of the additional air heat of compression range site (700) to connect
Connect；The right side output end of the working medium heater (704) and the bottom of the additional air heat of compression range site (700) export
End connection；
First refrigeration compressor (705), input and the evaporative condenser (702) of first refrigeration compressor (705)
The connection of left side output end；
Condenser (706), the left side input of the condenser (706) and the output end of first refrigeration compressor (705)
Connection；The right side input of the condenser (706) is connected the inlet and outlet of cooling medium with left side output end respectively；
First throttle valve (707), the input of the first throttle valve (707) and the right side output end of the condenser (706)
Connection；The output end of the first throttle valve (707) is connected with the right side input of the evaporative condenser (702).
5. liquid air energy-storage system efficiency lifting device according to claim 4 and method, it is characterised in that described more
Remaining air heat of compression range site (700) also includes：
Absorber (708), the right side input of the absorber (708) and the left side output end of the evaporative condenser (702)
Connection；
Solution pump (709), the input of the solution pump (709) are connected with the left side output end of the absorber (708)；
Solution heat exchanger (710), the lower input of the solution heat exchanger (710) are defeated with the solution pump (709)
Go out end connection；
Solvent valve (712), the input of the solvent valve (712) connect with the lower output side of the solution heat exchanger (710)
Connect；The output end of the solvent valve (712) is connected with the upper input of the absorber (708)；
Regenerator (711), the lower input of the regenerator (711) export with the top of the solution heat exchanger (710)
End connection；The lower output side of the regenerator (711) is connected with the upper input of the solution heat exchanger (710)；Institute
The right side output end for stating regenerator (711) is connected with the left side input of the condenser (706)；
7th control valve (713), the left side output end of the 7th control valve (713) and the left side of the regenerator (711) are defeated
Enter end connection；The right side output end of 7th control valve (713) and the left side input of the working medium heater (704) connect
Connect；The lower input of 7th control valve (713) and the bottom of the additional air heat of compression range site (700) input
End connection；
8th control valve (714), the left side of the left side input and the regenerator (711) of the 8th control valve (714) are defeated
Go out end connection；The upper output terminal of 8th control valve (714) and the left side input of the working medium heater (704) connect
Connect；The right side output end of 8th control valve (714) and the bottom of the additional air heat of compression range site (700) export
End connection；
Second throttle (715), the right side of the input and the evaporative condenser (702) of the second throttle (715) are defeated
Go out end connection；
Cryogenic vaporizer (716), the right side input of the cryogenic vaporizer (716) are defeated with the second throttle (715)
Go out end connection；The left side input and right side output end of the cryogenic vaporizer (716) connect respectively cryogen import and
Outlet；
Second refrigeration compressor (717), input and the cryogenic vaporizer (716) of second refrigeration compressor (717)
The connection of left side output end；The output end of second refrigeration compressor (717) and the left side of the evaporative condenser (702) are defeated
Enter end connection.
6. liquid air energy-storage system efficiency lifting device according to any one of claim 1 to 5 and method, its feature
It is, air liquefaction circulation can use air or nitrogen working medium；The heat-transfer fluid of middle grade cold energy classification memory cell (300)
Can be methanol or air；The heat-transfer fluid of high-grade cold energy classification memory cell (400) can be propane or air；Air pressure
The heat-transfer fluid of contracting heat classification memory cell (600) can be conduction oil or silicone oil；Working medium expanding machine (701) can use
R134A or R32 working medium；First refrigeration compressor (705) can use R134A or R410A normal temperature refrigerants；Evaporative condenser
(702) it can be cool-storage type heat exchanger or conventional plate type heat exchanger；Second refrigeration compressor (717) can use R508B or R23
Super low temperature refrigeration working medium；Absorber (708) and regenerator (711) can use NH3-H2O or LiBr-H2O solution.
7. liquid air energy-storage system efficiency lifting device according to any one of claim 1 to 6 and method, its feature
It is, device is in low power consumption period, air liquefaction circulation work：After surrounding air purification, pressurizeed into air-compressor set (100)
Air heat of compression classification memory cell (600) is stored in high pressure, while by heat of compression classification caused by air compression process；It is empty
The pressure-air of press group (100) outlet is progressively cooled to low temperature by First Heat Exchanger (201), the second heat exchanger (202), enters
Enter low temperature turbine (203) expansion decompression, obtain liquid air, and be stored in liquid air storage tank (204)；
Peak of power consumption period, the work of air power generation cycle：The liquid air of liquid air storage tank (204) outlet is by the first pressurization
Pump (205) is forced into high pressure, discharges high-grade cold energy into the first evaporator (206), and be classified and be stored in high-grade cold energy point
Level memory cell (400)；Grade cold energy in being discharged by the second evaporator (207), and be classified and be stored in middle grade cold energy classification
Memory cell (300), subsequently into air turbine unit (500) expansion power generation；Air heat of compression classification memory cell (600) is deposited
The air heat of compression of storage, a part are used for air turbine unit (500), and the air before heating expansion, it is unnecessary that another part is used for
Air heat of compression range site (700).
8. liquid air energy-storage system efficiency lifting device according to claim 7 and method, it is characterised in that middle grade
Cold energy classification memory cell (300), high-grade cold energy classification memory cell (400) and air heat of compression classification memory cell
(600) diabatic process can effectively be reduced using classification storageLoss；It is in addition at different levels heat-insulated using insulation material,
It is possible to prevente effectively from caused by different energy level cold heats can mixLoss.
9. liquid air energy-storage system efficiency lifting device according to claim 7 and method, it is characterised in that unnecessary sky
Air pressure contracting heat utilization unit (700) is classified the air heat of compression unnecessary in memory cell (600) using the air heat of compression, and
The generated energy of air turbine unit (500) is not influenceed.
10. liquid air energy-storage system efficiency lifting device according to claim 7 and method, it is characterised in that unnecessary
Air heat of compression range site (700) can utilize unnecessary air compression thermal drivers Rankine cycle, obtain extra generated energy,
Raising system generated energy.
11. liquid air energy-storage system efficiency lifting device according to claim 7 and method, it is characterised in that unnecessary
Air heat of compression range site (700) can utilize unnecessary air compression thermal drivers Absorption Cooling System to obtain low temperature cold
Amount, the low temperature cold further can be changed into ultralow temperature cold by vapor-compression refrigerant cycle, circulate, carry for air liquefaction
High system liquefied fraction.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109373703A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2019-02-22 | 丁玉龙 | A kind of cold-hot-chp system and method based on liquid air energy storage |
| CN111677653A (en) * | 2020-06-01 | 2020-09-18 | 浙江大学 | Air separation system for recycling waste heat of compressed air, pre-dehumidifying and pre-cooling |
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| KR20160128634A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2016-11-08 | 대우조선해양 주식회사 | Boil Off Gas Reliquefaction System And Method |
| CN206073566U (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2017-04-05 | 全球能源互联网研究院 | A kind of multistage heat-storing device, the cryogenic liquefying air energy storage systems using multistage heat-storage technology and electric power store defeated hot systems |
| CN207456018U (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2018-06-05 | 丁玉龙 | Liquid air energy-storage system efficiency lifting device |
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| CN103438612A (en) * | 2013-08-28 | 2013-12-11 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Compressed gas distributed energy source system using rare gases as working medium |
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