CN107701137B - Differential pressure change limiting type deep water large sleeve cutting hydraulic cutter device - Google Patents
Differential pressure change limiting type deep water large sleeve cutting hydraulic cutter device Download PDFInfo
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- CN107701137B CN107701137B CN201710321491.3A CN201710321491A CN107701137B CN 107701137 B CN107701137 B CN 107701137B CN 201710321491 A CN201710321491 A CN 201710321491A CN 107701137 B CN107701137 B CN 107701137B
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- valve rod
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- piston
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B29/00—Cutting or destroying pipes, packers, plugs, or wire lines, located in boreholes or wells, e.g. cutting of damaged pipes, of windows; Deforming of pipes in boreholes or wells; Reconditioning of well casings while in the ground
- E21B29/002—Cutting, e.g. milling, a pipe with a cutter rotating along the circumference of the pipe
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
Abstract
The invention discloses a differential pressure change limiting type deep water large sleeve cutting hydraulic cutter device, which comprises: the valve rod comprises a valve rod body, a positioning seat, a valve rod limiting adjusting piece and a first elastic element. According to the cutter device provided by the invention, after the second flow passage is pressurized and before the first elastic element is compressed in a limiting way, the valve rod can synchronously descend with the piston by utilizing the pressure difference between the upper end and the lower end and the fluid impulse force; after the first elastic element is compressed to the limit, the valve rod cannot continuously descend, the piston continuously descends under the pressure of injected liquid, the valve rod is separated from the nozzle, the pressure difference between the upper and lower parts of the valve rod disappears at the moment, the valve rod moves upwards under the action of the first elastic element, the diameter of the nozzle flow channel is larger than that of the valve rod flow channel, and the liquid pressure above the upper end face of the piston suddenly descends; and through external pressure display device, the operator can observe the pressure and drop sharply to learn that the sleeve has been cut off the information.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of deep water drilling and production operation equipment, in particular to a differential pressure change limiting type deep water large sleeve cutting hydraulic cutter device.
Background
The development of oil and gas fields generally goes through the whole processes of exploration, development engineering construction, production and disposal, and the disposal is the final link. According to international practices and the regulations for offshore oil well abandonment operations, offshore oil and gas fields must be prepared for retirement and disposed of after production operations are stopped, if there is no other use or reasonable reason. Decommissioning refers to changing a petroleum plant from an operational state to a shut-down without hydrocarbon state related activities (excluding activities related to removal and other treatments). Disposal refers to the process of moving the petroleum unit to a final location and reusing, recycling, or storing it on site.
In future development, the decommissioning of a large number of wellheads has become a well established fact, and in particular, by 2020, almost all wellheads constructed before 2002 are decommissioned for well abandonment operations. In addition, during the exploration process, some exploratory or evaluation wells need to be discarded after exploration and evaluation, if no value is produced, or if a "dry well" without oil or gas is drilled.
The offshore oil and gas field waste disposal is a system project related to various aspects, and is the reverse process of the development project, but the related aspects are not completely the same as the development process, and the offshore oil and gas field waste disposal is special in that. The dismantling construction of the offshore structure can be categorized into four parts, namely separation (mainly by cutting technology), hoisting, transportation, offshore treatment or offshore inversion. Among them, mechanical cutting is a technique that is more commonly used in the separation process, unlike focused blasting cutting, which is affected by factors such as environment and technique, but is not limited by the use of the cutting machine.
In the prior art, an underwater cutting blade device (hereinafter referred to as a mechanical cutting device) generally includes: the cutting knife comprises a cutting knife body, a cutting blade, a pin shaft, a piston assembly, a spring, a nozzle and a connecting rod which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, wherein the connecting rod and the piston assembly are respectively provided with a first flow channel and a second flow channel, the nozzle is arranged between the first flow channel and the second flow channel, and the connecting rod is externally connected with liquid supply equipment. When the cutter device needs to be put into the well for cutting, firstly binding the cutter blade in the cutter body by using binding elements such as adhesive tapes or ropes; secondly, the cutter device is put down to a cutting position; thirdly, the first runner and the second runner are used for transfusion and pressurization to the piston assembly until the piston assembly moves downwards, the lower end surface of the piston pushes the upper end part of the blade to move downwards, and the blade is started to open; finally, the rotary cutting blade cuts the sleeve.
The prior art cutting knife device has the following defects: in the cutting process, the time when the sleeve is cut off can not be known, so that the cutter device continues to operate after the sleeve is cut off, time and operation resources of drilling platform equipment are wasted, and cutting cost is increased.
Accordingly, the prior art is still in need of improvement and development.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the differential pressure change limiting type deep water large sleeve cutting hydraulic cutter device, which aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, in the cutting process, the sleeve cannot be known when to be cut off, so that the cutter device continues to operate after the sleeve is cut off, time and drilling platform equipment operation resources are wasted, and the cutting cost is increased.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a differential pressure change limiting type deep water large sleeve cutting hydraulic cutter device, comprising: the cutting knife comprises a connecting rod, a cutting knife body connected to the lower end of the connecting rod, and a plurality of cutting knife blades with one ends rotatably connected to the cutting knife body, wherein the connecting rod is provided with a first flow passage, the upper end and the lower end of the cutting knife body are respectively provided with a second flow passage and a third flow passage which are communicated with the first flow passage, and the pressure difference change limiting type deep water large sleeve cutting hydraulic cutting knife device is externally connected with a pressure display device and further comprises:
the piston is pressed to move downwards after the liquid is injected into the second flow passage, so as to push the cutting blade to extend outwards around the cutting blade body in a rotating way, the outer edge of the cutting blade body is sealed on the inner wall of the cutting blade body, and the middle part of the cutting blade body is provided with a piston flow passage in a penetrating way along the axis direction; the nozzle is fixedly connected to the piston, a nozzle runner communicated with the piston runner is arranged in the middle of the nozzle in a penetrating manner, and a valve rod runner communicated with the nozzle runner and smaller than the nozzle runner in diameter is arranged in the middle of the valve rod in a penetrating manner;
the outer edge of the valve rod is sequentially sleeved with a positioning seat, a first elastic element and a valve rod limiting and adjusting piece from bottom to top, the positioning seat is fixedly arranged in the middle of the second flow channel, and a plurality of axially symmetrical liquid flow holes are formed in the positioning seat; the valve rod limiting and adjusting piece is connected to the upper end of the valve rod, the valve rod is driven to descend by being pressed after the liquid is injected into the second flow passage, the first elastic element is compressed, the valve rod is tightly attached to the nozzle before the first elastic element reaches the lower limit position, so that the nozzle flow passage is guaranteed to only receive liquid from the valve rod flow passage, and the valve rod is separated from the nozzle after the first elastic element reaches the lower limit position, so that the nozzle flow passage can receive liquid from the liquid flow hole to release pressure.
In the preferred scheme, the differential pressure change limiting type deep water large sleeve cutting hydraulic cutter device is characterized in that the valve rod limiting adjusting piece is a limiting nut, and the limiting nut is connected to the valve rod in an adjustable mode so as to adjust the separation position of the valve rod and the nozzle, and therefore sleeve cutting work of different specifications is conducted.
In a preferred scheme, the differential pressure change limiting type deep water large sleeve cutting hydraulic cutter device, wherein the valve rod comprises:
the sliding part sequentially penetrates through the positioning seat, the first elastic element and the screw limiting adjusting piece, is integrally formed with the sliding part and is hemispherical, and is used for being attached to an attaching part of the nozzle, and the cross section of the attaching part of the nozzle is larger than that of the sliding part.
In the preferred scheme, the differential pressure change limiting type deep water large sleeve cutting hydraulic cutting knife device is characterized in that the upper end of the valve rod and the valve rod limiting adjusting piece are contained in the first flow channel after the connecting rod is connected with the cutting knife body.
In a preferred scheme, the differential pressure change limiting type deep water large sleeve cutting hydraulic cutting knife device, wherein the differential pressure change limiting type deep water large sleeve cutting hydraulic cutting knife device further comprises:
the throttling mouth is sleeved at the top of the outer edge of the valve rod, is positioned in the first flow channel, and a liquid flow gap is arranged between the outer edge of the throttling mouth and the inner wall of the connecting rod;
a throttle runner is arranged in the middle of the throttle along the axis direction and is communicated with the valve rod runner, and the change of the pressure difference can be regulated by changing the throttle.
In the preferred scheme, the differential pressure change limiting type deep water large sleeve cutting hydraulic cutter device is characterized in that a bushing is arranged in the second flow passage, the bushing is positioned at the outer edge of the piston, and the upper end face of the bushing is attached to the lower end face of the positioning seat;
one or more clamping grooves are formed in the outer edge of the piston, the sealing ring is clamped through the clamping grooves, the inner side of the sealing ring is clamped in the clamping grooves, and the outer side of the sealing ring is attached to the lining.
In the preferred scheme, differential pressure change limiting type deep water large sleeve cutting hydraulic cutter device, wherein a nozzle accommodating groove is formed in the upper end of the piston, and the nozzle comprises: a piston connecting part accommodated in the nozzle accommodating groove and a valve rod attaching part exposed above the piston;
a gasket is arranged between the upper end face of the piston and the lower end face of the valve rod attaching part.
In the preferred scheme, the differential pressure change limiting type deep water large sleeve cutting hydraulic cutter device is characterized in that a cutter retracting slide seat is arranged below the piston and is movably arranged in a third flow passage and used for ascending after the sleeve is cut off and pushing the cutter blade to retract into the cutter body;
the outer edge of the cutter retracting slide seat is sleeved with a second elastic element, the second elastic element is compressed when the cutter retracting slide seat descends, and the cutter retracting slide seat is reset and pushed to ascend after the piston is not pressed any more.
In the preferred scheme, the differential pressure change limiting type deep water large sleeve cutting hydraulic cutting knife device is characterized in that a chip removing groove is longitudinally formed in the middle of the outer side of the cutting knife blade, and alloy cutting edges are respectively arranged on the outer side surfaces of the left side and the right side of the chip removing groove.
In the preferred scheme, the hydraulic cutting knife device for the differential pressure change limiting type deep water large sleeve is characterized in that four cutting knife blades are arranged on the outer edge of the cutting knife body at intervals.
The invention provides a differential pressure change limiting type deep water large sleeve cutting hydraulic cutter device, which adopts a valve rod provided with a valve rod runner with the diameter smaller than that of a nozzle runner, a positioning seat sleeved on the outer edge of the valve rod and fixed in a second runner, a valve rod limiting adjusting piece connected to the upper end of the valve rod, and a first elastic element arranged between the positioning seat and the valve rod, so that the valve rod can synchronously descend with a piston after the second runner is pressurized and before the first elastic element is compressed to the limit, thereby ensuring that the valve rod can be tightly attached to the nozzle, and at the moment, the injected liquid can only flow to a third runner through the valve rod runner; after the first elastic element is compressed to the limit, the valve rod cannot be lowered continuously, the piston is lowered continuously under the pressure of the injected liquid, the valve rod is separated from the nozzle, at the moment, the cutting edge of the cutting blade reaches a designated position under the pushing of the piston, the sleeve is cut off, the valve rod runner is not a necessary channel for the injected liquid to flow to the third runner, and the liquid pressure above the upper end face of the piston is lowered suddenly because the diameter of the nozzle runner is larger than that of the valve rod runner; and through external pressure display device, the operator can observe the pressure and drop sharply to learn that the sleeve pipe has been cut off. The problems that in the prior art, in the deepwater cutting process, when a sleeve is cut off, the sleeve cannot be known, so that after the sleeve is cut off, a cutter device continues to operate, time and operation resources of drilling platform equipment are wasted, and cutting cost is increased are effectively solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the novel differential pressure limiting type deep water large sleeve cutting hydraulic cutter device according to the present invention when the cutting blade is opened to the limit position.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of the portion a of fig. 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the novel differential pressure limiting deep water large sleeve cutting hydraulic cutter device according to the present invention when the cutting blade is retracted to the cutter body.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the cutting edge position of the large-diameter high-efficiency deep water well abandoning hydraulic cutter device.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear and clear, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The invention relates to a pressure difference change limiting type deep water large sleeve cutting hydraulic cutter device which is connected with a drilling platform, belongs to a deep water underwater operation tool, has larger difference with a common cutter device, and is easy to understand that the cutting progress can not be observed at any time like common cutting equipment because the deep water operation is needed, thereby bringing small difficulty to sleeve cutting and increasing great cost.
It is known that the drilling platform has extremely high use cost, such as 981 drilling platform, is equipped with 8 4.4 kilowatt diesel generators, and has the power generation capacity approaching that of a medium city, and needs to supply ships to deliver diesel, fresh water, living necessities, various consumables and the like every week. According to statistics, the 981 drilling platform consumes 30 tons of diesel oil, up to 60 to 70 tons, nearly 40 tons of fresh water, 180 persons and other consumption, 300 thousands of daily rents and 400-500 thousands of RMB (under the non-working state) on average, and the consumption under the working state is definitely higher. It can be said that each point of meaningless stay of the drilling platform will result in a waste of a lot of material. In the prior art, the conventional old-fashioned common hydraulic cutter device cannot effectively know the sleeve cutting time, so that the waste of the operation resources and the residence time of the drilling platform is inevitable, and therefore, the technical scheme provided by the invention solves the problem, thereby saving the consumption of the drilling platform and having great significance.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a differential pressure variation limiting type deep water large sleeve cutting hydraulic cutter device (referred to as a cutter device for short) provided by a preferred embodiment of the present invention is externally connected with a pressure display device, the pressure display device is disposed on a drilling platform, and can display the variation of the liquid pressure in the second flow channel, and the measurement and display of the liquid pressure are not described in detail herein. The invention is mainly concerned with the structural improvement of the differential pressure change limiting type deep water large sleeve cutting hydraulic cutter device, which is set as follows:
the liquid injection device comprises a connecting rod 1, a cutting blade body 2 which is inserted and connected to the lower end of the connecting rod 1, a first runner which is used for injecting liquid and pressurizing to enable the cutting blade device to start working is arranged along the axis direction of the connecting rod 1, a second runner and a third runner are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the cutting blade body 2 along the axis direction, liquid injected through the first runner sequentially flows through the second runner and the third runner, a plurality of cutting blade movable grooves which are approximately in an inverted concave shape are arranged between the second runner and the third runner, the cutting blade 9 is completely contained in the cutting blade movable grooves when the liquid injection is not pressurized, and after the liquid injection is pressurized, one end which is close to a piston 6 rotates and the other end extends outwards under the pushing of the piston 6.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second flow path includes: the connecting rod connecting part and the positioning seat fixing part are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the cross section of the connecting part of the connecting rod is trapezoid with wide upper part and narrow lower part; the fixed part of the positioning seat is cylindrical, the lower end of the fixed part is provided with a bushing 3, the bushing 3 is positioned at the outer edge of the piston 6, and the upper end surface of the bushing is attached to the lower end surface of the positioning seat 11; and the outer edge of the piston 6 is provided with one or more clamping grooves, a sealing ring 7 is clamped by the clamping grooves, the inner side of the sealing ring 7 is clamped in the clamping grooves, and the outer side of the sealing ring is tightly attached to the lining 3.
The shape of the connecting part of the connecting rod is adapted to the lower end of the connecting rod 1 so as to ensure the connection stability of the connecting rod and the connecting rod.
The upper end of the connecting rod 1 can be connected with a drill rod, which is the prior art, and the invention is not repeated here.
The present invention differs from the prior art in that the prior art directly drives the piston assembly downward by injection pressurization to achieve rotational extension of the cutting blade 9, with a fixed internal fluid pressure value. According to the invention, through the piston 6, the nozzle 4, the valve rod 10, the positioning seat 11, the first elastic element 13 and the valve rod limiting and adjusting piece 14 which are arranged in the second flow passage, the cutter device can be tightly attached to and detached from the valve rod 10 through the nozzle 4, so that the sudden change of pressure is realized, and the fact that the cutting edge reaches the preset position and the sleeve is cut off is obtained through the pressure change.
In the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, a cutting blade 9 is provided in each cutting blade movable groove, each cutting blade 9 is provided with a first alloy cutting edge 19 on the outer side surface on the left side of the chip groove 18, and a second alloy cutting edge 20 on the outer side surface on the right side of the chip groove 18; or the second alloy cutting edge 20 is provided on the left outer side of the chip groove 18, and the first alloy cutting edge 19 is provided on the right outer side of the chip groove 18, and the positions of the first alloy cutting edge 19 and the second alloy cutting edge 20 should be favorable for removing the casing dust, as the specific positions refer to fig. 4.
The first alloy cutting edge 19 and the second alloy cutting edge 20 are arranged on the left side or the right side of the chip groove 18, which depends on the rotation direction of the cutter body 2 when cutting, namely, if the cutter body 2 rotates clockwise, the second alloy cutting edge 20 is fixed on the right side of the cutting blade 9, and the right side is flush with the right side surface of the cutting blade 9, otherwise, the cutting of a sleeve is not facilitated, and sleeve scraps cannot be discharged through the chip groove; the first alloy cutting edge 19 is fixed on the left side of the chip groove 18, so that the sleeve can be cut successively through the two cutting edges, and the cutting efficiency is improved; when the cutter body 2 rotates anticlockwise, the principle is the same, and the description is omitted.
The number of cutting blades 9 differs from the prior art, except for the arrangement of junk slots 18 and the number of cutting edges. The number of the cutting blades 9 in the prior art is only three, and the invention is provided with four, which is not only the change of the number, but also solves the problem that the cutting blades 9 in the prior art are easy to shake. In the prior art, when three cutting blades 9 are used for cutting, the stress of the three cutting blades 9 is asymmetric, so that the cutting blades 9 shake (for example, when one cutting blade 9 touches an obstacle, the cutting blades 9 are subjected to resistance, and the cutting blades 9 which are not symmetrically arranged are supported on the inner wall of a sleeve, so that the shaking can be generated), and the cutting blades 9 are changed into four cutting blades, so that the stress of the symmetrically arranged cutting blades 9 is balanced, and the cutting stability is higher.
That is, the present invention not only changes the number of cutting blades 9 to improve the cutting efficiency, but also improves the stability of the cutting blades 9 during operation, and of course, due to the increase of the number of cutting blades 9, two cutting edges can be fixedly connected to each cutting blade 9, so that the number of cutting edges of the cutting device is changed from three to eight, and the present invention also greatly improves the cutting efficiency.
Preferably, the cutting blade 9 is rotatably connected to the cutter body 2 through a pin 16, and the broken alloy 17 is welded on the outer side surface of the cutting blade 9, i.e. the side away from the cutter body 2.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the piston 6, the nozzle 4 and the valve rod 10 are sequentially disposed in the second flow channel from bottom to top, and the positioning seat 11, the first elastic element 13 and the valve rod limiting and adjusting element 14 are sequentially sleeved on the outer edge of the valve rod 10 from bottom to top.
The piston 6 can move up and down in the second flow channel, the power of the piston is from the pressure brought by the injected liquid, the lower end of the piston 6 can extend out of the second flow channel and enter the movable groove of the cutting blade, so that the cutting blade 9 is pushed to start rotating and extending outwards. The outer edge of the piston 6 is sealed on the inner wall of the cutter body 2 to prevent a gap from being formed between the piston 6 and the cutter body 2, so that on one hand, the liquid pressure is ensured to be enough to push the piston 6 to descend; on the other hand, liquid leakage is prevented, and the pressure display device displays pressure drop, so that an operator misjudges. When the cutter is particularly used, the piston 6 is sealed on the inner wall of the cutter body 2 through the external sealing ring 7, the inner side of the sealing ring 7 is attached to the piston 6, and the outer side of the sealing ring is attached to the inner wall of the cutter body 2; the piston 6 is provided with a clamping groove for clamping the sealing ring 7. The sealing ring 7 is provided with one or more sealing rings, the longitudinal section of which is inverted Y-shaped, so that the sealing performance is ensured, and meanwhile, the piston 6 cannot descend or the descending speed is limited due to overlarge friction force with the bushing 3, so that the sleeve cutting efficiency is not influenced.
In the concrete implementation, a lining 3 is arranged in the second flow channel, so that the replacement after abrasion is facilitated, the lining 3 is positioned at the outer edge of the piston 6, and the upper end face of the lining is attached to the lower end face of the positioning seat 11; the outer edge of the piston 6 is provided with a clamping groove, a sealing ring 7 is clamped through the clamping groove, the inner side of the sealing ring 7 is clamped in the clamping groove, and the outer side of the sealing ring is attached to the bushing 3.
The upper end of the piston 6 is provided with a nozzle accommodating groove, and the nozzle 4 comprises: a piston connecting part accommodated in the nozzle accommodating groove and a valve rod attaching part exposed above the piston 6; a gasket 5 is arranged between the upper end face of the piston 6 and the lower end face of the valve rod attaching part.
Preferably, the nozzle 4 is screwed to the piston 6, so that the nozzle 4 is convenient to maintain or replace while the nozzle 4 is fixedly connected, and the nozzle runner is a necessary passage for the liquid in the second runner to flow to the third runner. The structure of the nozzle 4 in the present invention is different from that of the nozzle 4 in the prior art, and the nozzle flow channel arranged in the nozzle 4 in the prior art is funnel-shaped, and the diameter of the nozzle flow channel is larger than that of the valve rod flow channel in the present invention, and the arrangement is just for realizing the change of the liquid pressure before and after the separation of the nozzle 4 from the valve rod 10. It can be seen that the structure and function of the nozzle 4 in the present invention are different from those of the nozzle 4 in the prior art.
The valve rod 10 is provided with a valve rod runner, the valve rod runner is driven by the valve rod limiting and adjusting piece 14 to descend, the valve rod 10 is attached to the nozzle 4 before the valve rod limiting and adjusting piece 14 reaches the lower limit position, at the moment, the valve rod runner is a necessary channel from the liquid in the second runner to the third runner, and the upper end surface of the piston 6 and the inner wall of the cutter body 2 form a semi-closed accommodating cavity which can not enter and exit; after the valve rod limiting and adjusting piece 14 reaches the lower limit position, the valve rod 10 is separated from the nozzle 4, the valve rod runner is not used as a necessary channel for the liquid in the second runner to flow to the third runner, the liquid flowing between the upper end face of the piston 6 and the inner wall of the cutter body 2 can flow to the third runner through the nozzle runner, and when the valve rod 10 is attached to the nozzle 4, the liquid pressure at the upper end face of the piston 6 is reduced and displayed through an external pressure display device.
In a specific implementation, the valve rod 10 may be configured as a torus, that is, the valve rod 10 has a circular cross section, and when the valve rod is attached to the nozzle 4, the lower end surface of the valve rod 10 is attached to the upper end surface of the nozzle 4. However, in order to improve the bonding tightness between the valve rod 10 and the nozzle 4, the lower end of the valve rod 10 and the upper end of the nozzle are preferably provided with convex-concave spherical surfaces, and it is understood that the sealing performance and the centering performance after the convex-concave spherical surfaces are bonded are far greater than those of the bonding effects of two planes; the specific structure of the valve stem 10 may include: the sliding part sequentially penetrates through the positioning seat 11, the first elastic element 13 and the screw limiting piece, is integrally formed with the sliding part and is hemispherical, and is used for being attached to a nozzle attaching part of the nozzle 4, and the cross section of the nozzle attaching part is larger than that of the sliding part.
The use effect of the nozzle attaching part is that, on the one hand, as described above, the attaching tightness of the valve rod 10 and the nozzle 4 is improved, and the liquid flowing to the nozzle runner through the valve rod runner is prevented from leaking outwards; on the other hand, the cross section is larger than that of the sliding part, so after the injection liquid is applied in the second flow channel, the part of the nozzle attaching part protruding out of the sliding part is subjected to additional liquid pressure to push the nozzle attaching part to move downwards, and the arrangement can improve the synchronism of the valve rod 10 and the nozzle 4 in descending.
The sliding part has obvious effect, one is used for connecting the screw limiting part, the two are used for compressing and guiding the first elastic element 13, and the three are used for moving downwards along the axis direction under the driving of the screw limiting part and the guiding of the positioning seat 11.
The positioning seat 11 has two functions, namely, the positioning seat is used for guiding and limiting the up-and-down movement of the valve rod 10, and the positioning seat can be used for injecting liquid to the upper end surface of the piston 6 through a liquid flow hole arranged on the positioning seat to form pressure for pushing the piston 6 to move downwards. The positioning seat 11 is fixed in the middle of the second flow channel, and a set of guide holes adapted to the valve rod 10 are arranged in the axial direction of the positioning seat in a penetrating way. In specific implementation, the number of the liquid flow holes can be two or four, at least two liquid flow holes are required to be arranged, so that the liquid flow speed and the stress balance of the piston 6 are ensured, and the number of the liquid flow holes is preferably four, so that the stress balance of the upper end face of the piston 6 is ensured.
The relative position of the valve rod limiting and adjusting piece 14 and the valve rod 10 is fixed in the same sleeve cutting process, and preferably, the valve rod limiting and adjusting piece 14 can be connected to the valve rod 10 in an adjustable way so as to adjust the separation position of the valve rod 10 and the nozzle 4, thereby performing sleeve cutting work with different specifications; in specific implementation, the valve rod limiting and adjusting piece 14 can be set to be a limiting nut, so that not only is the position convenient to adjust, but also the connection reliability with the valve rod 10 is higher. The number of the limit nuts is preferably two, the two limit nuts are relatively good in interlocking performance relative to one limit nut, the positions of the two limit nuts cannot be changed after the two limit nuts are mutually locked in a deep water environment, and the two limit nuts are arranged to improve the limit reliability of the valve rod 10.
The outer edge of the valve rod 10 is arranged below the first elastic element 13, and the upper end surface of the positioning seat 11 is also provided with a spring guide sleeve 12.
In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the differential pressure variation limiting type deep water large sleeve cutting hydraulic cutter device further includes:
the throttle mouth 15 is sleeved at the top of the outer edge of the valve rod 10, the throttle mouth 15 is positioned in the first flow channel, and a liquid flow gap is arranged between the outer edge of the throttle mouth 15 and the inner wall of the connecting rod 1; a throttle runner is arranged in the middle of the throttle 15 along the axial direction, and is communicated with the valve rod runner and has a diameter smaller than that of the valve rod runner.
In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, a cutter retracting slide seat is disposed below the piston 6, and the cutter retracting slide seat is movably disposed in the third flow passage, and is used for lifting and pushing the cutting blade 9 to retract into the cutter body 2 after the sleeve is cut; the outer edge of the cutter retracting slide seat is sleeved with a second elastic element, the second elastic element is compressed when the cutter retracting slide seat descends, and the cutter retracting slide seat is reset and pushed to ascend after the piston 6 is not pressed any more.
Because of the existence of the cutter retracting slide seat and the second elastic element, the cutter blade 9 cannot be rotated and stretched out before the liquid injection and the pressurization are carried out; the cutting blade 9 can only gradually rotate outwards after the injection and pressurization and before the cutting are completed; after the cutting work is finished, the cutter retracting slide seat can push the cutting blade 9 to reset, and the cutter retracting slide seat does not rely on the dead weight of the cutting blade 9 any more. Therefore, the invention also solves the problem that the bundling piece of the cutting blade 9 is easy to collapse before the cutting blade device descends to the sleeve in the prior art, so that the sleeve cannot be accessed; when the transfusion pressurization is carried out to open the cutting blade 9, the cutting blade 9 is suddenly changed from the bundled state to the open state, and collides with the inner wall of the sleeve, so that the cutting blade is damaged, the cutting time is prolonged, and the cutting efficiency is reduced; and after the cutting is finished, the cutter blade 9 is contracted to the cutter body 2 by means of dead weight, and the cutter body 2 can not be retracted due to seawater buoyancy or sleeve scraps stored in the cutter body 2.
When the cutter device is lowered to a designated position, seawater (drilling fluid can be introduced), at the beginning, a part of seawater flows downwards from the runner of the connecting rod 1 through the runners of the throttle 15, the valve rod 10, the nozzle 4 and the piston 6, the other part of seawater acts on the piston through 4 liquid flow holes on the positioning seat 11, and after the runners of the nozzle 4 and the piston 6 are filled with the seawater, all the seawater flows downwards through the valve rod 10 and the small holes on the nozzle 4. According to the hydrodynamic theory, due to the arrangement of the nozzle flow channels, the seawater generates pressure drop at the nozzle 4; the valve rod 10 is long, and seawater can generate along-path pressure loss when flowing through the valve rod 10; when seawater enters the nozzle 4 from the valve rod 10, the pipe diameter of the flow channel suddenly increases, and local pressure loss is generated. The valve rod 10 is pushed to synchronously descend with the piston 6 by the liquid pressure generated by the pressure drop of the three parts, the lower end surface of the piston 6 pushes the end part of the cutting blade 9 to descend, and the cutting blade opens to cut the sleeve due to the fact that the cutting blade is connected with the hydraulic cutting blade shell through the pin shaft 8.
And judging whether the cutting is finished by means of: when cutting is completed, the valve rod limiting and adjusting piece 14 compresses the spring 13 to a certain distance, at the moment, the valve rod 10 does not move downwards any more due to the limitation of the limiting piece 14, and the piston 6 continues to move downwards, so that the spherical surface at the lower end of the valve rod 10 is separated from the piston 6 and the nozzle 4; after separation, the pressure difference between the upper end and the lower end of the valve rod 10 disappears, and the valve rod 10 can ascend under the action of the restoring force of the spring. According to the theory of fluid mechanics, the pressure drop generated at the nozzle 4 is obviously lower than that in normal operation of the hydraulic cutter, so that the cutting can be judged whether to be completed or not by displaying the obvious change of the pressure drop through logging on the platform.
It is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the examples described above, but is capable of modification and variation in light of the above teachings by those skilled in the art, and that all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A differential pressure change limiting type deep water large sleeve cutting hydraulic cutter device, comprising: the cutting device comprises a connecting rod, a cutting knife body connected to the lower end of the connecting rod, and a plurality of cutting knife sheets with one ends rotatably connected to the cutting knife body, wherein the connecting rod is provided with a first flow passage, and the upper end and the lower end of the cutting knife body are respectively provided with a second flow passage and a third flow passage which are communicated with the first flow passage;
the differential pressure change limiting type deep water large sleeve cutting hydraulic cutting knife device is characterized in that the differential pressure change limiting type deep water large sleeve cutting hydraulic cutting knife device is externally connected with a pressure display device and further comprises:
the piston is pressed to move downwards after the liquid is injected into the second flow passage, so as to push the cutting blade to extend outwards around the cutting blade body in a rotating way, the outer edge of the cutting blade body is sealed on the inner wall of the cutting blade body, and the middle part of the cutting blade body is provided with a piston flow passage in a penetrating way along the axis direction; the nozzle is fixedly connected to the piston, a nozzle runner communicated with the piston runner is arranged in the middle of the nozzle in a penetrating manner, and a valve rod runner communicated with the nozzle runner and smaller than the nozzle runner in diameter is arranged in the middle of the valve rod in a penetrating manner; the outer edge of the valve rod is sequentially sleeved with a positioning seat, a first elastic element and a valve rod limiting and adjusting piece from bottom to top, the positioning seat is fixedly arranged in the middle of the second flow channel, and a plurality of axially symmetrical liquid flow holes are formed in the positioning seat;
the valve rod limiting and adjusting piece is connected to the upper end of the valve rod, the valve rod is driven to descend by being pressed after the liquid is injected into the second flow passage, the first elastic element is compressed, the valve rod is tightly attached to the nozzle before the first elastic element reaches the lower limit position, so that the nozzle flow passage only receives liquid from the valve rod flow passage, and the valve rod is separated from the nozzle after the first elastic element reaches the lower limit position, so that the nozzle flow passage can receive the liquid from the liquid flow hole to release pressure;
the valve rod limiting and adjusting piece is a limiting nut which can be connected to the valve rod in an adjustable mode so as to adjust the separation position of the valve rod and the nozzle, and therefore sleeve cutting work of different specifications can be carried out;
wherein, the valve rod includes:
the sliding part sequentially penetrates through the positioning seat, the first elastic element and the screw limiting adjusting piece, is integrally formed with the sliding part and is hemispherical, and is used for being attached to an attaching part of the nozzle, and the cross section of the attaching part of the nozzle is larger than that of the sliding part.
2. The differential pressure change limiting type deep water large sleeve cutting hydraulic cutter device according to claim 1, wherein the upper end of the valve rod and the valve rod limiting adjusting piece are accommodated in the first flow channel after the connecting rod is connected with the cutter body.
3. The differential pressure variation limited deep water large sleeve cutting hydraulic knife device as claimed in claim 2, further comprising:
the throttling mouth is sleeved at the top of the outer edge of the valve rod, is positioned in the first flow channel, and a liquid flow gap is arranged between the outer edge of the throttling mouth and the inner wall of the connecting rod;
a throttle runner is arranged in the middle of the throttle along the axis direction and is communicated with the valve rod runner, and the change of the pressure difference can be regulated by changing the throttle.
4. The differential pressure change limiting type deep water large sleeve cutting hydraulic cutter device according to claim 1, wherein a bushing is arranged in the second flow passage, the bushing is positioned at the outer edge of the piston, and the upper end face of the bushing is attached to the lower end face of the positioning seat;
one or more clamping grooves are formed in the outer edge of the piston, the sealing ring is clamped through the clamping grooves, the inner side of the sealing ring is clamped in the clamping grooves, and the outer side of the sealing ring is attached to the lining.
5. The differential pressure variation limiting type deep water large sleeve cutting hydraulic cutter device according to claim 4, wherein a nozzle accommodating groove is arranged at the upper end of the piston, and the nozzle comprises: a piston connecting part accommodated in the nozzle accommodating groove and a valve rod attaching part exposed above the piston;
a gasket is arranged between the upper end face of the piston and the lower end face of the valve rod attaching part.
6. The differential pressure change limiting type deep water large sleeve cutting hydraulic cutter device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a cutter retracting slide seat is arranged below the piston, and the cutter retracting slide seat is movably arranged in a third flow passage and is used for lifting and pushing a cutter to retract into the cutter body after the sleeve is cut off;
the outer edge of the cutter retracting slide seat is sleeved with a second elastic element, the second elastic element is compressed when the cutter retracting slide seat descends, and the cutter retracting slide seat is reset and pushed to ascend after the piston is not pressed any more.
7. The differential pressure change limiting type deep water large sleeve cutting hydraulic cutting knife device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a chip groove is longitudinally arranged in the middle of the outer side of the cutting blade, and alloy cutting edges are respectively arranged on the outer side surfaces of the left side and the right side of the chip groove.
8. The differential pressure change limiting type deep water large sleeve cutting hydraulic cutting knife device according to claim 7, wherein four cutting knife blades are arranged on the outer edge of the cutting knife body at intervals.
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| CN201710321491.3A CN107701137B (en) | 2017-05-09 | 2017-05-09 | Differential pressure change limiting type deep water large sleeve cutting hydraulic cutter device |
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| CN201710321491.3A CN107701137B (en) | 2017-05-09 | 2017-05-09 | Differential pressure change limiting type deep water large sleeve cutting hydraulic cutter device |
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| CN107701137B true CN107701137B (en) | 2023-07-18 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2080969C1 (en) * | 1995-08-22 | 1997-06-10 | Военизированная противофонтанная часть "Ликво" | Machine for pipe cutting |
| CN201943620U (en) * | 2011-02-10 | 2011-08-24 | 天合石油集团汇丰石油装备股份有限公司 | Multilayer casing pipe cutting knife |
| US8839864B2 (en) * | 2012-11-07 | 2014-09-23 | Douglas T. Beynon | Casing cutter |
| CN104453762A (en) * | 2015-01-07 | 2015-03-25 | 长江大学 | Pressure relief type deepwater casing pipe interior cutting device |
| CN204552663U (en) * | 2015-04-15 | 2015-08-12 | 鄢标 | A kind of booster-type deep water multilayer sleeve cutter sweep |
| CN204552664U (en) * | 2015-05-01 | 2015-08-12 | 闫小宾 | A kind of down-hole casing cutter sweep |
| CN206769859U (en) * | 2017-05-09 | 2017-12-19 | 深圳市远东石油钻采工程有限公司 | It is a kind of that there is the deep water casing cutting device for cutting off display function |
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