CN107698293A - A kind of calacareous soil formula fertilizer of poor potassium meta-alkali - Google Patents
A kind of calacareous soil formula fertilizer of poor potassium meta-alkali Download PDFInfo
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- CN107698293A CN107698293A CN201711103231.5A CN201711103231A CN107698293A CN 107698293 A CN107698293 A CN 107698293A CN 201711103231 A CN201711103231 A CN 201711103231A CN 107698293 A CN107698293 A CN 107698293A
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- potassium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of calacareous soil formula fertilizer of poor potassium meta-alkali, and it is to blend urea and the poor potassium meta-alkali calacareous soil formula fertilizer of potassium chloride preparation adaptation with MAP.According to the calacareous soil characteristic of poor potassium meta-alkali, according to the principle of balance fertilizing " law of cask ", from fertilizer, utilize the Lian Yingxing between the material that applies fertilizer, improve fertilizer efficiency, dose is reduced, 50% nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium ternary formula fertilizer are made into MAP blending urea and potassium chloride, its price just corresponds to the price of 38% binary nitric acid phosphorus composite fertilizer；By field test, urea and the dry-mixed ternary nitrogen formed of three kinds of granulated fertilizers of potassium chloride, phosphorus, potassium formula fertilizer are blended with MAP, have " the simple small investment of equipment; handling ease is pollution-free; the smaller price of power consumption is low, formula flexibly changes the line of production it is fast, it is with strong points the advantages of.There is the answering property of company and synergy principle mutually promoted between each source of manure of calacareous soil formula fertilizer of described poor potassium meta-alkali.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to formula fertilizer field, particularly a kind of calacareous soil formula fertilizer of poor potassium meta-alkali, it is a kind of use
MAP blends the calacareous soil formula fertilizer that urea and potassium chloride are prepared.
Background technology
We face to occur in agricultural production " no matter water ground nonirrigated farmland, pursue nitrophosphate fertilizer simply；No matter soil acid
Alkali, always supertition Diammonium phosphate (DAP)；Crop regulation of fertilizer requirement is not pressed, all the year round single nitrogen fertilizer application；Chemical fertilizer characteristic, ammonium hydrogen carbonate and calcium and magnesium are not seen
Phosphate fertilizer is used with year after year " the phenomenon that do not apply fertilizers scientifically, the passive situation for causing crop yield to fluctuate all the year round；We are according to state
Agricultural technology center of family, it is to apply the popularization opinion of " formula fertilizer " to change " rational application of fertilizers ", has carried out poor potassium meta-alkali calacareous soil and has matched somebody with somebody
The research of square fertilizer formula.According to clay fertilizer institute of Henan Agricultural Sciences institute, after the end of the seventies in last century and the eighties, to not
Chemical examination is sampled with 748 sample points of soil, and Soil Available potassium content reduces the ﹪ of 10.8 ﹪~14.9 every 3-5；Every
Reduce the ﹪ of 27.1 ﹪~29.9 within 10 years.The actual conditions drastically declined in face of soil effective K content, we carried out with
Increase the fertilizer efficiency research being newly formulated with potassium chloride in square fertilizer.
The content of the invention
In summary, in order to overcome the shortcomings of prior art problem, according to the calacareous soil characteristic of poor potassium meta-alkali, according to
The principle of balance fertilizing " law of cask ", a kind of calacareous soil formula fertilizer of poor potassium meta-alkali is worked out, it is to use MAP
Blend urea and potassium chloride is prepared and adapts to poor potassium meta-alkali calacareous soil formula fertilizer.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of calacareous soil formula fertilizer of poor potassium meta-alkali, wherein, described formula fertilizer is by MAP, urea and chlorine
Change potassium by weight：200~300 parts of MAP, 500~600 parts of urea, what 100~300 parts of potassium chloride was made into.
Further, the calacareous soil formula fertilizer of described a kind of poor potassium meta-alkali, wherein, described formula fertilizer is by phosphoric acid
One ammonium, urea and potassium chloride are by weight：250 parts of MAP, 550 parts of urea, what 200 parts of potassium chloride was made into；The formula
The following severe potassium deficiencies of fertile adapted soil quick-acting potassium content 70mg/kg.
Further, the calacareous soil formula fertilizer of described a kind of poor potassium meta-alkali, wherein, described formula fertilizer is by phosphoric acid
One ammonium, urea and potassium chloride are by weight：300 parts of MAP, 600 parts of urea, what 100 parts of potassium chloride was made into；The formula
Adapted soil quick-acting potassium content is 110mg/kg general potassium deficiency.
The production method of the present invention is realized with following manner：
A kind of production method of the calacareous soil formula fertilizer of poor potassium meta-alkali comprises the following steps：
1) weight of MAP, urea and potassium chloride is weighed up by design requirement is formulated first；
2) MAP, urea and potassium chloride with pouring into mixer together blanking bin；
3) mixer is started, magazine elevation to design height, raw material can be poured into mixer automatically；
4) mixer rotates forward blending automatically；
5) the auto-reverse discharging of mixer；
6) weigh, pack；
7) launch.
A kind of calacareous soil formula fertilizer of poor potassium meta-alkali, selects the characteristic of the various sources of manure as follows：
MAP：Acidity, China use slurry process and produced, and nitrogenous 11%, phosphorous 44%；Its characteristic：MAP
For acid, the nitrogen of 44 phosphorus 11；The more meta-alkalis of China's soil, adapt to urea and mix an ammonium；The even strong getting fat effect of answering property, saves both labour and money and increases
Production.
Urea：The organic compound being made up of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen, also known as urea；Nitrogenous 46.3%；Its characteristic：Urotoxicity
Flat category is neutral, and various soil are all suitable for；Nitrogenous 46 points three, blend an ammonium fertilizer efficiency and increase；Bury and be converted into carbon ammonium, it is mixed to apply an ammonium
Into two ammoniums；It is administered alone buried, early in advance apply is crucial.
Potassium chloride：KCL, chlorination potassium fertilizer is general to contain potassium 60%, and chloride 50%, its characteristic：Potassium chloride, early main, potash fertilizer
It is big for family's number；It is that physiological reaction is in acidity to be soluble in water-based；Mostly white crystalline body, import are also coloured to be red；Containing potassium six
Ten chlorine 50, fear-chlorion crop will use with caution.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
(1) fertilizer is selected according to soil characteristic, using the Lian Yingxing between the material that applies fertilizer, improves fertilizer efficiency, reduce fertilising
Amount, is the advanced approach for implementing central fertilizer production zero growth rate；
(2) 50% nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium ternary formula fertilizer, its price only phase are made into MAP blending urea and potassium chloride
When in the price of 38% binary nitric acid phosphorus composite fertilizer；
(3) by field test, test out and blend urea and potassium chloride, the poor potassium meta-alkali of adaptation of preparation with MAP
Calacareous soil formula fertilizer formula.
Experimental plot overview：
Near the institute of agricultural sciences of Dengfeng City of Henan Province Daye town, have selected Soil Available potassium content be respectively 180.9mg/kg,
109.98mg/kg, the plot of 68,73mg/kg, tri- pieces of different vendor selections carry out the manure trial of crop field potassium chloride.
Experimental plot feeder capability see the table below 1：
Experimental design：
Every piece of experimental plot limits two mu, and one mu is applied nitrogen, phosphorus, the formula fertilizer that the element of potassium three is 40 ﹪；Another 0.07 hectare applies nitrogen, phosphorus
The formula fertilizer that two elements are 40% compares, and every mu of ground fertilising gross weight is 40kg；Upper season kind corn, kind is red jade 13, fertile
Material once applies in trumpet period, and lower season kind wheat, kind is hundred agricultures 64, and fertilizer once covers bottom；Specific test result see the table below
2。
Table 2 increases potash fertilizer with not potassium application to corn contrast test of fertilizer efficiency in formula fertilizer：
Table 3 increases potash fertilizer with not potassium application to wheat contrast test of fertilizer efficiency in formula fertilizer.
It can be seen that from table 2, table 3：
(1) the rich potassium field in soil available nitrogen for 180.9mg/kg, three element formula fertilizers of potash fertilizer are increased, compared with nitrogen, phosphorus
The formula fertilizer of two elements, every mu of underproduction corn 25.3kg, wheat 29.4kg, its principle in the quick-acting potassium content in soil,
The need fertilizer requirement of corn, wheat can be met, increase in formula fertilizer and match somebody with somebody potash fertilizer, account for the space of nitrogen, phosphorus, cause to waste, it is seen that
The higher rich potassium field of quick-acting potassium nutritions, nitrogen, phosphate fertilizer should be reused in formula, should not increase potash fertilizer.
(2) the middle production field in available potassium for 109.98mg/kg, three element formula fertilizers of potash fertilizer are increased, compared with nitrogen, phosphorus two-spot
The formula fertilizer of element, every mu of volume increase corn 4.5%, increases production wheat 3.2%, amount of increase in production does not reach 5%, it is seen that is typically lacking
Potash fertilizer is increased, preferably no more than 6% potassium.
(3) the severe potassium deficiency field in available potassium for 68,73mg/kg, three element formula fertilizers of potash fertilizer are increased, compared with nitrogen, phosphorus
The formula fertilizer of two elements, every mu of volume increase corn are up to 12%, and volume increase wheat is up to 8.9%, have obvious volume increase advantage.
(4) by field test, MAP blending urea and potassium chloride is investigated, prepares poor potassium meta-alkali calcareous
Soil formula fertilizer formula, while also work out the answering property of company and synergy principle mutually promoted between each source of manure：
First, potassium chloride can react with the MAP in formula fertilizer in soil, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and chlorination are generated
Ammonium, function of fertilizer retention is served, its reaction equation is as follows：
Second, after potassium chloride is manured into soil, potassium exists with ionic formses, and potassium ion can be utilized by Root Absorption very well, again
It can be swapped with the cation on soil micelle, in calacareous soil, its reaction equation is：
The calcium chloride generated is soluble in water, can be with water wash to lower floor, so chlorion will not be to crop when irrigating
Produce harm.
Third, the reasonable blending of potassium chloride and urea, can form macromolecule polyalcohol CO (NH2)2KCL similarly, phosphoric acid one
Ammonium is rationally admixed with urea, can also form macromolecule polyalcohol, CO (NH2)2·NH4H2PO4.This macromolecule polyalcohol, is also named
Adduct, Releasing nutrient can be gradually decomposed in soil, can meet Different Crop different growing is to nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium the needs of.
Fourth, calacareous soil of the MAP in poor potassium meta-alkali, its fertilizer efficiency is higher than Diammonium phosphate (DAP), its principle：The phosphorus of administration
A sour ammonium is produced with slurry process mostly, and its pH value is 4.8, and it is acid.After applying calacareous soil, rhizosphere pH ＜ can be made
7.0, so as to delay the volatilization of ammonia；And Diammonium phosphate (DAP) sheet is as alkaline (pH value 8.0), in the experimental plot that pH value is 7.9
The volatilization of stronger ammonia will necessarily be caused；Furthermore in calacareous soil, the utilization rate of the phosphorus in MAP is also above phosphoric acid
Two ammoniums, its principle are that phosphate radical is trivalent, and 3 kinds of ions are produced because pH value is different；Between this 3 kinds of ions there is protonation and
The relation of deprotonation：
After the MAP of acidity applies calacareous soil, during dissolving, make rhizosphere pH ＜ 7.0, reaction will
Carry out to the right, form H2PO4 -, then with the Ca in calacareous soil2+It is combined, the Ca (H that generation crop easily absorbs2PO4)；
And Diammonium phosphate (DAP) is alkalescence, reaction can be made to carry out to the left, easily form CaHPO4·2H2The molten thing of O Chinese hollys, crop infiltration rate slow down；
Fifth, urea is manured into soil can be converted into ammonium carbonate in the presence of urase, continue hydrolysis generation ammonium hydrogen carbonate and hydrogen
Amine-oxides, ammonium hydroxide are ammoniacal liquor, highly volatile, but after having blended MAP, both can continue reaction generation Diammonium phosphate (DAP)
And water, function of fertilizer retention is effectively acted as, so as to improve fertilizer efficiency.
CO(NH2)2+2H2O→(NH4)2CO3
(NH4)2CO3+H2O→NH4HCO3+NH3·H2O
NH3·H2O+NH4H2PO4→(NH4)2HPO4+H2O
Sixth, the formula fertilizer that MAP blending urea and potassium chloride are prepared, also with good physical behavior, reaches not
Deliquescence, perfect character of not luming, this is not available for Diammonium phosphate (DAP), calcium superphosphate and nitrophosphate fertilizer, is had in our Henan Province
Several fertilizer mixing stations, or even the also one provincial station urea blending calcium superphosphate preparation formula that is measured are fertile, cause serious deliquescence, have
Up to a hundred tons of deliquescence into empty bag, suffer heavy losses.
Seventh, increasing potash fertilizer in formula fertilizer, the quality of crops is can obviously improve, improves nitrogen, the utilization rate of phosphorus and crop
Degeneration-resistant, disease-resistant ability.
Experiment is proved, urea and dry-mixed ternary nitrogen, phosphorus, the potassium formed of three kinds of granulated fertilizers of potassium chloride are blended with MAP
Formula fertilizer, with " the simple small investment of equipment, handling ease is pollution-free, and the smaller price that consumes energy is low, and formula is flexibly changed the line of production soon, pin
It is high to the strong fertilizer efficiency of property, easily know true and false anti-counterfeiting " the advantages that.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1 (1 ton of available potassium of production is below 70mg/kg severe potassium deficiencies Soil Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium ternary formula fertilizer)
A kind of calacareous soil formula fertilizer of poor potassium meta-alkali, it is mixed by three kinds of MAP, urea and potassium chloride sources of manure
It is compounded into, often produces 1 ton of formula fertilizer by weight：MAP 250kg, urea 550kg and potassium chloride 200kg be made into nitrogen, phosphorus,
Potassium ternary formula fertilizer, total nutrient 51%, wherein nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium=28: 12: 11；The formula fertilizer adapted soil quick-acting potassium content
Below 70mg/kg severe potassium deficiencies, its parameter is shown in Table 3.
Table 3 is 1 ton of severe potassium deficiency Soil Nitrogen of production, phosphorus, potassium ternary formula fertilizer：
A kind of production method of the calacareous soil formula fertilizer of poor potassium meta-alkali comprises the following steps：
1) weight of MAP, urea and potassium chloride is weighed up by design requirement is formulated first；
2) urea, MAP, potassium chloride with pouring into mixer together blanking bin；
3) mixer is started, magazine elevation to design height, raw material can be poured into mixer automatically；
4) mixer rotates forward blending automatically；
5) the auto-reverse discharging of mixer；
6) weigh, pack；
7) launch.
Embodiment 2 (1 ton of production is 110mg/kg Soil Nitrogens, phosphorus, potassium ternary formula fertilizer in quick-acting potassium content)
A kind of calacareous soil formula fertilizer of poor potassium meta-alkali, it is mixed by three kinds of MAP, urea and potassium chloride sources of manure
It is compounded into, often produces 1 ton of formula fertilizer by weight：MAP 300kg, urea 600kg and potassium chloride 100kg be made into nitrogen, phosphorus,
Potassium ternary formula fertilizer, total nutrient 50%, wherein nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium=31: 13: 6, the formula fertilizer adapted soil quick-acting potassium content is
110mg/kg general potassium deficiency, its parameter is shown in Table 4.
Table 4 is that 1 ton of quick-acting potassium content of production is 110mg/kg Soil Nitrogens, phosphorus, potassium ternary formula fertilizer：
The production method of the embodiment is the same as embodiment 1.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of calacareous soil formula fertilizer of poor potassium meta-alkali, it is characterised in that described formula fertilizer is by MAP, urea
And potassium chloride is by weight：200~300 parts of MAP, 500~600 parts of urea, what 100~300 parts of potassium chloride was made into.
A kind of 2. calacareous soil formula fertilizer of poor potassium meta-alkali according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described formula
Fertilizer be by MAP, urea and potassium chloride by weight：250 parts of MAP, 550 parts of urea, 200 parts of potassium chloride are made into
's；The following severe potassium deficiencies of formula fertilizer adapted soil quick-acting potassium content 70mg/kg.
A kind of 3. calacareous soil formula fertilizer of poor potassium meta-alkali according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described formula
Fertilizer be by MAP, urea and potassium chloride by weight：300 parts of MAP, 600 parts of urea, 100 parts of potassium chloride are made into
's；The formula adapted soil quick-acting potassium content is 110mg/kg general potassium deficiency.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711103231.5A CN107698293A (en) | 2017-11-10 | 2017-11-10 | A kind of calacareous soil formula fertilizer of poor potassium meta-alkali |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104446783A (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2015-03-25 | 郑州市沃田配肥站 | Formula for coating-free slow-release synergistic foxtail-millet blended fertilizer prepared from monoammonium phosphate blended with urea and potassium chloride |
| CN104446837A (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2015-03-25 | 郑州市沃田配肥站 | Formula for coating-free slow-release synergistic soybean blended fertilizer prepared from monoammonium phosphate blended with urea and potassium chloride |
-
2017
- 2017-11-10 CN CN201711103231.5A patent/CN107698293A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104446783A (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2015-03-25 | 郑州市沃田配肥站 | Formula for coating-free slow-release synergistic foxtail-millet blended fertilizer prepared from monoammonium phosphate blended with urea and potassium chloride |
| CN104446837A (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2015-03-25 | 郑州市沃田配肥站 | Formula for coating-free slow-release synergistic soybean blended fertilizer prepared from monoammonium phosphate blended with urea and potassium chloride |
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