A kind of wearable draft gear of nursing
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of medical instrument more particularly to a kind of wearable draft gears of nursing.
Background technology
Draft gear is the common medical instrument of orthopaedics, and purpose is used to draw human body to be corrected to skeleton,
Draft gear in the prior art by including a platform to lie low for patient (or bed), for fixing human lower limb and/or
Upper body is with by the fixed fixed mechanism of body and for drawing head and/or lower limb to increase the dragger in skeletal joint gap
Structure mainly provides tractive force in draft gear by tension spring.
Although above-mentioned draft gear can play traction effect, have the following disadvantages:
1, patient lies on platform, and is fixed mechanism and fixes, and patient cannot carry out any slight activity, to increase
The feeling of fatigue of patient.
2, it is provided by tension spring due to tractive force, but as bone gap increases, the amount of tension of tension spring constantly reduces, tractive force
To constantly reduce, and under normal circumstances, in entire distraction procedure, need that tractive force is made to keep constant, and tractive force is not
Disconnected become smaller will not obtain preferable traction effect.
3, the length dimension of platform in the prior art, which immobilizes, does not adapt to the patient of different height, entire to make
Draft gear target user is reduced.
Invention content
For the above-mentioned technical problem in existing technology, the present invention provides one kind capable of overcoming said one disadvantage or multiple
The wearable draft gear of the nursing of disadvantage.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
A kind of wearable draft gear of nursing, include for fixing human back back fixation portion, be arranged described
The upper end in back fixation portion is simultaneously used for the head standoffs on fixing human head, is hinged on the lower end in the back fixation portion and divides
Two leg fixed parts of two legs Yong Yu not fixed and be separately positioned on the lower end of the two leg fixed parts and be used to fix
Foot's fixed part of people's foot, wherein:Between the back fixation portion and the head standoffs and the leg fixed part with
Be both provided between foot's fixed part for changing distance between the back fixation portion and the head standoffs and
The tractive unit of distance between the leg fixed part and foot's fixed part.
Preferably, the back fixation portion includes the back supporting plate of surface adaptation human body back physiological curve, the back
Supporting plate is by support human body low back to the rectangular blade of human body both shoulders part and is integrally connected in the rectangular blade and is used for support
The semicircle supporting plate of human buttock is constituted, and button is connected with corresponding to the both sides of the back supporting plate at the hipbone of human body
Plate, two buckles are connected with the first bandage so that the hipbone of the human body to be fixed on the back supporting plate.
Preferably, the leg fixed part includes thigh support plate and the small leg support for being hinged on the thigh support plate lower end
The upper end of plate, the thigh support plate is hinged on the semicircle supporting plate, the thigh support plate and the shank support plate junction
Both sides be both provided with clad strip, two clad strip are connected with the second bandage.
Preferably, foot's fixed part include the foot hold for support human body instep and be connected in the foot hold with
Third bandage foot being fixed on the foot hold.
Preferably, the head standoffs include the head supporting plate for support human body head and are connected in the head holder
Plate is to hold the bandage of chin.
Preferably, it includes being fixed on to be connected to the tractive unit between the back fixation portion and the head standoffs
The free end of oil cylinder in the back fixation portion, the piston rod of the oil cylinder is connected on the head standoffs, the oil
Be provided with the oil-feed port being connected to the rodless cavity of the oil cylinder and level pressure mouth on cylinder, the oil-feed port be connected with hydraulic power supply with
Drive the piston rod that the head standoffs movement, the level pressure mouth is driven to be connected with hydraulic pressure holding meanss so that in rodless cavity
Pressure keep constant.
Preferably, the hydraulic pressure holding meanss include a shell, and a mechanical chamber, a hydraulic cavities are formed in the shell
Room and both ends are respectively protruding into a push rod of the mechanical chamber and the hydraulic chamber, and work is provided in the hydraulic chamber
Plug, the piston are fixed on the push rod, and the positive rigidity elasticity acted on the push rod is provided in the mechanical cavity room
Part and negative stiffness elastic component so that the push rod power output perseverance preferably,
One end that the push rod stretches into the mechanical chamber is provided with the wedge block that both sides are inclined surface, the wedge block
Both sides are provided with the sliding block with the two inclined surface cooperations respectively;The positive rigidity elastic component is the first pushing and pressing spring, described negative
Rigidity elastic component is the second pushing and pressing spring, and two one end of the sliding block far from the wedge block are both provided with the first pushing and pressing bullet
Spring is moved with pushing against the push rod by the cooperation of sliding block and wedge block towards the hydraulic chamber, and the second pushing and pressing spring is to hang down
Directly the mode in the first pushing and pressing spring is arranged and is contacted with the wedge block to resist the push rod towards the hydraulic chamber
It is mobile.
Preferably, the screw of the length for adjusting the first pushing and pressing spring is additionally provided on the mechanical chamber.
Preferably, the hydraulic chamber is additionally provided with pressure accumulation chamber in the connecting tube of the level pressure mouth.
Compared with prior art, kind of the invention, which is nursed with the advantageous effect of wearable draft gear, is:Since leg is solid
It is hinged with back fixation portion to determine portion, shank support plate is hinged with thigh support plate, in tractive unit so that foot's supporting plate and head supporting plate
When being respectively further from back supporting plate and shank support plate to realize human body traction, human hip and knee joint remain able to slight work
It is dynamic to alleviate the feeling of fatigue and sense of restraint of patient compared with being fixed on platform in the prior art without influencing traction effect.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the wearable draft gear of nursing of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the A direction views of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the enlarged view of the local B of Fig. 2.
In figure:
10- back fixations portion;11- rectangular blades;12- semicircle supporting plates;13- buckles;The first bandages of 14-;15- the 4th is tied up
Band;The legs 20- fixed part;21- thigh support plates;22- shank support plates;23- clad strip;The second bandages of 24-;30- head standoffs;
The heads 31- supporting plate;32- bandages;40- foots fixed part;41- foots supporting plate;42- third bandages;50- oil cylinders;51- piston rods;
52- rodless cavities;53- oil-feed ports;54- level pressure mouths;60- hydraulic pressure holding meanss;61- shells;62- machinery chambers;63- hydraulic cavities
Room;64- push rods;641- pistons;642- wedge blocks;65- sliding blocks;66- first pushes against spring;67- second pushes against spring;68- spiral shells
Nail;70- pressure gauges;80- pressure accumulation chambers.
Specific implementation mode
To make those skilled in the art be better understood from technical scheme of the present invention, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment party
Formula elaborates to the present invention.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, it embodiment of the invention discloses that a kind of wearable draft gear of nursing, including is used for
The upper end in back fixation portion 10 is arranged and the head for fixing human head is solid in the back fixation portion 10 at fixing human back
Determine portion 30, be hinged on the lower end in back fixation portion 10 and is respectively used to fix two leg fixed parts 20 of two legs and set respectively
It sets in the lower end of two leg fixed parts 20 and for fixing foot's fixed part 40 of people's foot, wherein:Back fixation portion 10 and head
Be both provided between fixed part 30 and between leg fixed part 20 and foot's fixed part 40 for changing back fixation portion 10 with
Between head standoffs 30 between distance and leg fixed part 20 and foot's fixed part 40 distance tractive unit.Preferably at one
In embodiment, back fixation portion 10 includes the back supporting plate of surface adaptation human body back physiological curve, and back supporting plate is by support people
Body low back to human body both shoulders part rectangular blade 11 and be integrally connected in rectangular blade 11 and for the half of support human buttock
Round pallet 12 is connected with buckle 13 corresponding to the both sides of the back supporting plate at human body hipbone, and two buckles 13 are connected with
First bandage 14 is human body hipbone to be fixed on the supporting plate of back.Leg fixed part 20 includes thigh support plate 21 and is hinged on big
The upper end of the shank support plate 22 of 21 lower end of leg support plate, thigh support plate 21 is hinged on semicircle supporting plate 12, thigh support plate 21 with it is small
The both sides of 22 junction of leg support plate are both provided with clad strip 23, and two clad strip 23 are connected with the second bandage 24.Foot's fixed part 40
Include the foot hold for support human body instep and is connected in foot hold so that foot to be fixed on to the third bandage 42 on foot hold.
Head standoffs 30 include the head supporting plate 31 for support human body head and are connected in head supporting plate 31 to hold the taut of chin
Band 32.The 4th bandage 15 is arranged so that shoulder is fixed on back supporting plate in the position corresponding to human body shoulder of back supporting plate.
The nursing of the present invention, according to human skeleton and joint position feature, by bandage, is stretched tight with wearable draft gear
Band 32, clad strip 23 and buckle 13 are respectively by human body head, human body back, human calf, human thigh and human foot
It is separately fixed on head supporting plate 31, back supporting plate, shank support plate 22, thigh support plate 21 and foot's supporting plate 41, due to back
Supporting plate and thigh support plate 21 and shank support plate 22 and thigh support plate 21 are hinged, people when to make human body be worn by this draft gear
Body hip joint and knee joint people can be movable, also, even if in tractive unit foot's supporting plate 41 and head supporting plate 31 are distinguished
When far from back supporting plate and shank support plate 22 to realize that human body is drawn, human hip and knee joint remain able to light activity
Without influencing traction effect the feeling of fatigue and sense of restraint of patient are alleviated compared with being fixed on platform in the prior art.
For the tractive force for obtaining constant, the tractive unit being connected between back fixation portion 10 and head standoffs 30 includes solid
The free end of the oil cylinder 50 being scheduled in back fixation portion 10,641 bar 51 of piston of oil cylinder 50 is connected on head standoffs 30, oil
The oil-feed port 53 and level pressure mouth 54, oil-feed port 53 that the connection of rodless cavity 52 of oil cylinder 50 is provided on cylinder 50 are connected with hydraulic power supply
To drive 641 bar 51 of piston that head standoffs 30 is driven to move, level pressure mouth 54 is connected with hydraulic pressure holding meanss 60 so that rodless cavity
Pressure in 52 is kept constant.Since hydraulic protector can make the hydraulic oil in rodless cavity 52 keep constant pressure, the liquid
Pressure oil also keeps constant the thrust of 641 bar 51 of piston, to make head supporting plate 31 also keep constant the traction of human body head
Traction, to increase the traction effect to head.Certainly, similarly, leading between leg fixed part 20 is fixed in foot
The portion of drawing is also configured to above structure, to increase the traction effect to lower limb.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the type and knot of the hydraulic pressure holding meanss 60 that 52 internal pressure power of rodless cavity keeps constant can be made
There are many structures, and in a preferred embodiment, hydraulic pressure holding meanss 60 include a shell 61, and a mechanical cavity is formed in shell 61
Room 62, a hydraulic chamber 63 and both ends are respectively protruding into mechanical chamber 62 and a push rod 64 of hydraulic chamber 63, hydraulic chamber 63
Inside be provided with piston 641, piston 641 is fixed on push rod 64, be provided in mechanical chamber 62 act on push rod 64 just just
Degree elastic component and negative stiffness elastic component, hydraulic chamber 63 are connected to level pressure mouth 54, due to positive rigidity elastic component and negative stiffness elasticity
Part acts on push rod 64 simultaneously, and the resultant force of positive rigidity elastic component and negative stiffness elastic component at 64 any displacement of push rod is homogeneous
Deng so that push rod 64 export power it is constant, which acts on the hydraulic oil in hydraulic chamber 63 by piston 641 so that
The hydraulic fluid pressure is constant, since hydraulic chamber 63 is connected to level pressure mouth 54 so that the hydraulic oil in the rodless cavity 52 of oil cylinder 50
Pressure it is equal with the hydraulic oil in hydraulic chamber 63, to make the pressure of the hydraulic oil in rodless cavity 52 keep constant, in turn
Tractive force is set to keep constant.
It should explain:The positive rigidity elastic component is construed to make by the positive mobile elastic component of actuating member (push rod 64),
The negative stiffness elastic component is construed to the positive mobile elastic component of interception part (push rod 64), and the power after the rwo superposition is
Consistently.
In a preferred embodiment, push rod 64 stretches into the wedge shape that one end of mechanical chamber 62 is provided with both sides as inclined surface
Block 642, the both sides of wedge block 642 are provided with the sliding block 65 coordinated respectively with two inclined surface;Positive rigidity elastic component is the first pushing and pressing
Spring 66, negative stiffness elastic component are the second pushing and pressing spring 67, and two one end of sliding block 65 far from wedge block 642 are both provided with first and push away
It is moved towards hydraulic chamber 63 to spring 66 with pushing against push rod 64 by the cooperation of sliding block 65 and wedge block 642, the second pushing and pressing spring
67 are arranged in a manner of perpendicular to the first pushing and pressing spring 66 and are contacted with wedge block 642 to resist push rod 64 towards the shifting of hydraulic chamber 63
It is dynamic.It is driven since sliding block 65 and wedge block 642 are coordinated by inclined surface, a component of the pushing force of the first pushing and pressing spring 66 is logical
It crosses wedge block 642 and pushes against push rod 64 towards the movement of 63 direction of hydraulic chamber, and the movement of the second pushing and pressing spring 67 against push rod 64 becomes
Gesture, while the component of the pushing force of the first pushing and pressing spring 66 is superimposed with the component of the second pushing and pressing spring 67, forms one towards liquid
The constant thrust for pressing chamber 63, to keep the hydraulic pressure oil guard in hydraulic chamber 63 constant.
It should illustrate:The compressive state of the first pushing and pressing spring 66 need to be made to be arranged to, the pushing force of the first pushing and pressing spring 66
Component be greater than the second pushing and pressing spring 67 pushing force so that resultant force towards hydraulic chamber 63.
The screw 68 of the length for adjusting the first pushing and pressing spring 66 is additionally provided on mechanical chamber 62.When needing to make direction
When the resultant force of hydraulic chamber 63 increases, that is, when keeping a larger tractive force, screw 68 is screwed, the first pushing and pressing spring 66 is made
Decrement increases;When needing that the resultant force towards hydraulic chamber 63 is made to reduce, that is, when keeping a smaller tractive force, screw spiral shell
Nail 68, makes the decrement of the first pushing and pressing spring 66 reduce.
There is certain cushioning effect, hydraulic chamber 63 to be additionally provided with in the connecting tube of level pressure mouth 54 when to make physical activity
Pressure accumulation chamber 80, the pressure accumulation chamber 80 can accommodate more hydraulic oil, and being transmitted in rodless cavity 52 with reducing human activity makes liquid
The abruptly increase of the pressure of pressure oil.
It is additionally provided with pressure gauge in connecting tube to observe the pressure 70 of hydraulic oil, and then obtains the big of tractive force indirectly
It is small.
Above example is only exemplary embodiment of the present invention, is not used in the limitation present invention, protection scope of the present invention
It is defined by the claims.Those skilled in the art can within the spirit and scope of the present invention make respectively the present invention
Kind modification or equivalent replacement, this modification or equivalent replacement also should be regarded as being within the scope of the present invention.