CN107687908B - Method and system for acquiring temperature rise hot spot and temperature monitoring of dry-type air-core reactor - Google Patents
Method and system for acquiring temperature rise hot spot and temperature monitoring of dry-type air-core reactor Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for acquiring a temperature rise hot spot of a dry-type air reactor, which comprises the steps of acquiring actual structural parameters and system parameters of the air reactor and inputting the actual structural parameters and the system parameters into a processor, wherein the processor calculates the joule heat of each layer of winding according to the input voltage value of the reactor as a load; the processor takes the calculated Joule heat as a heat source, and calculates the temperature field distribution of the electric reactor encapsulation by utilizing a flow field-solid heat transfer coupling model, and positions the encapsulation hot spot. Based on the method, a temperature monitoring method and system suitable for the dry-type air-core reactor are also disclosed. The algorithm for directly and iteratively calculating the installation coordinates of the sensor by utilizing the calculated joule heat realizes the process of completing the coordinate positioning at one stage in the same scene, and simplifies the steps. And the ZigBee chip with low power consumption is adopted in the system, so that the circuit is optimized simultaneously, and the system overhead is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of industrial automatic detection, in particular to a method and a system for acquiring a temperature rise hot spot and temperature monitoring of a dry-type air-core reactor.
Background
The dry-type air-core reactor is widely applied to a power system, and in recent years, the dry-type air-core reactor is burnt out occasionally, so that production safety accidents and property loss are caused. The dry-type air-core reactor runs under the working condition of natural heat dissipation, and when overvoltage and overcurrent occur in a system, the harmonic content is too high, or the ambient temperature is increased, the reactor often generates heat seriously. Under the condition of poor heat dissipation conditions, the encapsulation temperature of the reactor rises, the encapsulation insulation is damaged when the reactor runs at high temperature for a long time, and finally turn-to-turn short circuit occurs to cause the burning of the reactor, so that the monitoring of the encapsulation temperature of the dry type air-core reactor is very important.
At present, a few temperature monitoring systems suitable for the dry-type air-core reactor are adopted, the common temperature monitoring system algorithm needs to perform two processes of electric field-magnetic field coupling and flow field-solid heat transfer coupling calculation, the calculation error of the hottest point of the dry-type air-core reactor encapsulation is large, and therefore the layout of collection nodes can be influenced. The traditional temperature sensor acquisition node is large in size and is not suitable for being installed in a narrow encapsulated air channel; the existing dry-type air reactor temperature monitoring system adopts a wired communication mode, is not beneficial to expansion of temperature measurement nodes and installation of products, and is easy to interfere in communication. On the other hand, the designed sensor has high power consumption, and the battery needs to be replaced frequently; the sensor is not arranged at the hottest point of the dry-type air reactor encapsulation, and the temperature rise degree of the reactor encapsulation cannot be accurately reflected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to at least solve the technical problems in the prior art, and particularly provides a zigbee wireless sensor device which is innovative and solves the problems that a wireless sensor is easily interfered, the network capacity is low, the network distribution is complex, and the cost is high in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for acquiring a temperature-rising hot spot of a dry-type air-core reactor, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: s1, acquiring actual air-core reactor structure parameters and system parameters and inputting the actual air-core reactor structure parameters and the system parameters into a processor, wherein the structure parameters comprise relative magnetic permeability murRadial direction coordinate r, axial direction coordinate z, coil end voltage u, coilResistance R, thermal conductivity k, solid heat-insulating surface AjAnd a heat radiating surface AsSaid system parameter comprising a vacuum permeability μ0(ii) a S2, the processor calculates the Joule heat of each layer of winding in each package in the dry-type air-core reactor according to the input reactor coil end voltage as a load; and S3, the processor calculates the temperature field distribution of the reactor enclosure by taking the calculated Joule heat as a heat source, and positions the enclosure hot point. The embodiment directly uses the coupling of magnetic field-solid heat transfer-flow field, and uses the Joule heat in the magnetic field calculation process as the excitation source for temperature field calculation in a calculation process, so as to obtain the temperature distribution of the encapsulation.
In step S2, the specific calculation method of joule heating is:
the dry-type air reactor comprises a plurality of parallel encapsulated windings, each encapsulated winding comprises a plurality of parallel layers of aluminum conductor coils, and the vector magnetic potential A and the current i are taken as the degrees of freedom for the coil winding part; the other regions take the vector magnetic bit A as the degree of freedom; under the two-dimensional axial symmetry coordinate system,
and satisfy a differential equation
Wherein, mu0Is a vacuum permeability, murIs a measure of the relative magnetic permeability, r,
and z is a coordinate axis of the direction,
is A at
Direction of largeThe size of the product is small, and the product is small,
is the current density;
the external circuit equation of the reactor is as follows:
wherein u is a coil terminal voltage, and R is a coil resistance.
And (3) simultaneously establishing the equations (1) and (2) to obtain a field coupling matrix equation set, and calculating the magnetic field of the reactor:
wherein [ CiA]Is an inductive damping matrix, [ K ]AA]Is a bit stiffness matrix, [ K ]Ai]Is a magnetic potential-current coupling stiffness matrix, [ K ]ie]For a current-electromotive force coupling stiffness matrix, [ A ]]A node vector bit matrix is obtained; [ J ]]Is a node current matrix; [ e ] a]Is a node electromotive force matrix;
by simultaneously solving the above equation (3) to obtain the degree of freedom vector magnetic potential A and the current i, the Joule heat is
Q＝i2R (4)。
The embodiment provides a simple electromagnetic heat calculation method which is easy to realize.
In step S3, the temperature field distribution of the reactor enclosure is calculated, and enclosure hot spots are located, and the specific method includes: the temperature distribution of each encapsulated winding is influenced by surrounding fluid, and the fluid satisfies a continuity equation, a momentum conservation equation and an energy conservation equation, which are respectively as follows:
the continuity equation is specifically:
the conservation of momentum equation is:
calculating the fluid velocity field and pressure distribution through (5), (6) and (7); the energy conservation equation is specifically:
the temperature distribution T of the fluid is determined from the equation (8) by combining the velocity field and the pressure distributionl(ii) a Where ρ is the air density μmeans the viscosity coefficient, p means the pressure, c means the given heat, TlTemperature, v, of the fluidrAnd vzRefers to the velocity in the r and z directions, respectively, and Q is joule heat per unit volume in the aluminum wire; the control process of the steady-state temperature field of the reactor comprises the following steps:
wherein k is the thermal conductivity; q is joule heat per unit volume in the aluminum wire; r is the radial direction and z is the axial direction; t issIs the solid temperature, h is the convective heat dissipation coefficient, and Aj and As are the solid heat insulation surface and the heat dissipation surface; from the calculated fluid temperature TlThe combined vertical type (9), (10) and (11) obtain the solid temperature distribution T of the reactorsFrom the solid temperature distribution TsThe found temperature Tmax is the highest temperature hot spot and is used as the installation coordinate of the first temperature sensor.
The implementation mode provides an algorithm for directly and iteratively calculating the installation coordinates of the sensor by utilizing the calculated Joule heat, the process of completing coordinate positioning in one stage in the same scene is realized, and the steps are simplified. In addition, the intermediate iteration process does not need manual input of Joule thermal parameters by people, and the processor collects and operates in real time, so that the obtained installation coordinate is higher in precision, the error is reduced, and a more reliable basis is provided for accurate installation of the sensor. By improving the precision, the problem that the temperature rise of the reactor cannot be evaluated correctly due to the fact that the sensor does not acquire the highest temperature point of the reactor is avoided on the one hand, and waste caused by excessive sensor arrangement due to unknown encapsulation hot points can be avoided on the other hand.
A temperature monitoring method using the method for acquiring the temperature rise hot spot of the dry-type air-core reactor is characterized by comprising the following steps: a1, acquiring a temperature rise hot spot of the dry-type air-core reactor, and arranging and installing the temperature sensor according to the acquired temperature rise hot spot; a2, the temperature sensor and the data terminal controller use Zigbee networking to perform temperature data acquisition and data wireless transmission; a3, the data terminal controller is communicated with the on-site upper computer, and data are sent to the cloud server through the wireless network, when the temperature data are abnormal, the cloud server sends an alarm to notify workers through mails, and meanwhile, the cloud server sends short messages to mobile phones of related personnel through the mobile network to notify.
The embodiment provides a temperature detection method of a dry-type air-core reactor, and the method is based on the positioning method of the temperature rise hot spot, so that the dry-type air-core reactor can be effectively monitored, and reliable remote monitoring is realized by utilizing the internet and a mobile network even if related personnel are informed.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the temperature data acquisition and the wireless transmission in step a2 specifically include: a21, automatically joining the network after the Zigbee chip is started, initializing, and configuring all IO ports of the Zigbee chip to be in an open-drain mode; a22, initializing a clock pin and a data pin used by the temperature sensor to be in a weak pull-up mode, and setting a wakeup pin to be in falling edge interrupt input; a23, driving the sensor according to the digital serial communication protocol, and setting the working sampling frequency of the sensor; a24, after initialization is finished, setting the ZigBee chip to enter a deep sleep mode to wait for awakening; a25, the node circuit uses a system timer and a watchdog circuit, a pulse is output to a ZigBee chip wake-up pin after the timing time is up, the ZigBee chip wakes up from a sleep mode after receiving the pulse and replies a watchdog signal, if the ZigBee chip is halted and does not reply the watchdog signal, the timing chip outputs a reset signal to reset the ZigBee chip after a timing period; a26, reading thermometer parameters after the ZigBee chip is awakened, then packaging data, sending the packaged data to a data terminal controller through a user-defined data format, and entering a PM3 sleep mode again after one-time data sending is completed, wherein the packaged data comprises a network id, a device id, temperature data and a check code.
The embodiment provides a specific temperature acquisition and data transmission mode, and a chip with low power consumption can be selected, such as a Zigbee chip, the functions of sensor data acquisition and networking are achieved, and a scheme of a single chip microcomputer plus a module is adopted for similar products, so that compared with the scheme, the designed acquisition node has smaller volume, can be conveniently installed between narrow air passages of the reactor, and has little influence on the ventilation and dispersion of the air flow of the reactor; meanwhile, the circuit is in a dormant state when idle by using the clock and the watchdog signal, so that the circuit overhead is greatly reduced.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step a2, the temperature node and the data terminal controller write configuration parameters through an upper computer, establish one or more than two local area networks at the same location, and a terminal manages a plurality of nodes below a local area network, specifically, a pair ID is set for each terminal device as a network ID; allocating a System ID to each network access device as a mark for identifying each device in the local area network; and the temperature node of the network and the PAIN ID which is configured by the data terminal controller and is consistent with the terminal and the uniform security key which is consistent with all the devices can be added into the corresponding local area network.
According to the embodiment, the local area networks are not interfered with each other, and the accuracy of data acquisition of the temperature nodes is ensured. Meanwhile, the unique ID is convenient for accurately positioning the temperature node and inquiring related information.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step a3, after the data terminal controller receives the data, the current RTC time is read, the outdoor temperature is measured, the time information and all the temperature data are stored in the SD card, and then the data are sent to the cloud server and the upper computer through the wireless network according to the same format as the temperature node, the normal outdoor temperature measured by the data terminal controller unit is compared with the temperature of the measuring reactor, and after the difference exceeds the set threshold, the data terminal controller unit triggers the alarm information, and the cloud server sends the alarm information through the mobile network in a short message manner and/or by an email.
The embodiment provides a quantitative reference basis and a specific alarm embodiment for the standard of temperature monitoring, and is simple in implementation.
Based on the temperature monitoring method suitable for the dry-type air-core reactor, the invention also discloses a temperature monitoring system suitable for the dry-type air-core reactor, which is characterized by comprising a cloud server, a PC (personal computer) upper computer and a data terminal controller unit arranged between the air passages of the reactor, wherein the data terminal controller unit is connected with the PC upper computer positioned in a monitoring room through a bus, the data terminal controller unit is connected with the cloud server through a wireless network and a base station, and the cloud server is communicated with the PC upper computer through an Ethernet; the data terminal controller unit comprises a power module, a data terminal controller and a plurality of temperature acquisition nodes; the power input end of the power module is connected with the power end of the controller, and the data terminal controller is connected with the temperature acquisition node for information interaction.
The system realizes the temperature monitoring of the dry-type air-core reactor by using hardware based on a temperature rise hotspot acquisition method of the dry-type air-core reactor, and by combining a bus with a network cloud technology, warning information can be notified to relevant workers through an upper computer and the Internet, so that the system is convenient for remote monitoring and improves safety guarantee.
In a preferred implementation manner of this embodiment, the temperature monitoring system further includes an ambient temperature sensor and/or a current and voltage detection module, the ambient temperature sensor is located outside the dry-type air-core reactor, an output end of the ambient temperature sensor is connected to the controller, and an output end of the current and voltage detection module is connected to the data terminal controller through the wireless communication module. The embodiment monitors the external room temperature, has a comparison object, and provides a more reliable basis for parameter setting of abnormal conditions.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the temperature collection node includes a battery, a power management module, a system timer, a main control chip, and a temperature sensor; the battery is connected with the power management module, a first output end of the power management module is connected with the system timer, a second output end of the power management module is connected with the main control chip, and a third output end of the power management module is connected with the temperature sensor; the temperature sensor communication end is connected with the main control chip communication end, and the system timer signal receiving end is connected with the chip signal output end. The embodiment provides a specific composition mode of the temperature acquisition node, the power management module of the temperature acquisition node plays a role in stabilizing voltage, the working stability of each device of the temperature acquisition node is ensured, the idle pins of the main control chip are all set in an open-drain state, and the system overhead can be greatly reduced by adding a timer for awakening and sleeping.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for acquiring a temperature rise hot spot of a dry-type air-core reactor according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a temperature monitoring method suitable for a dry-type air-core reactor according to the invention;
FIG. 3 is a system configuration diagram of a temperature monitoring system suitable for a dry air-core reactor according to the present invention;
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, it is to be noted that the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, a communication between two elements, a direct connection, or an indirect connection via an intermediate medium, and specific meanings of the terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Fig. 1 shows a method flow for acquiring a temperature rise hot spot of a dry air-core reactor, specifically:
s1, acquiring actual air-core reactor structure parameters and system parameters and inputting the actual air-core reactor structure parameters and the system parameters into a processor, wherein the structure parameters comprise relative magnetic permeability murRadial direction coordinate R, axial direction coordinate z, coil end voltage u, coil resistance R, heat conductivity coefficient k and solid heat insulation surface AjAnd a heat radiating surface AsSaid system parameter comprising a vacuum permeability μ0. In the present embodiment, the relative permeability μrThermal conductivity k, and vacuum permeability μ0Obtaining through table lookup; the coil end voltage u and the coil resistance R can be obtained through a nameplate or specification of the reactor or through measurement; radial direction coordinate r, axial direction coordinate z, solid heat insulation surface AjAnd the heat dissipation surface As is obtained during the molding process.
And S2, the processor calculates the Joule heat of each layer of winding in each package in the dry-type air-core reactor according to the input reactor coil end voltage as a load. In the present embodiment, it is preferable to calculate joule heat of each layer of winding from an input reactor terminal voltage as a load by using a magnetic field-circuit coupling model;
the specific calculation method of the joule heat is as follows:
the dry-type air reactor comprises a plurality of parallel encapsulated windings, each encapsulated winding comprises a plurality of parallel layers of aluminum conductor coils, and the vector magnetic potential A and the current i are taken as the degrees of freedom for the coil winding part; the other regions take the vector magnetic bit A as the degree of freedom; under the two-dimensional axial symmetry coordinate system,
and satisfy a differential equation
Wherein, mu0Is a vacuum permeability, murIs a measure of the relative magnetic permeability, r,
and z is a coordinate axis of the direction,
is A at
The size of the direction is greater or smaller,
is the current density;
the external circuit equation of the reactor is as follows:
wherein u is a coil terminal voltage, and R is a coil resistance.
And (3) simultaneously establishing the equations (1) and (2) to obtain a field coupling matrix equation set, and calculating the magnetic field of the reactor:
wherein [ CiA]Is an inductive damping matrix, [ K ]AA]Is a bit stiffness matrix, [ K ]Ai]Is a magnetic potential-current coupling stiffness matrix, [ K ]ie]For a current-electromotive force coupling stiffness matrix, [ A ]]A node vector bit matrix is obtained; [ J ]]Is a node current matrix; [ e ] a]Is a node electromotive force matrix;
by simultaneously solving the above equation (3) to obtain the degree of freedom vector magnetic potential A and the current i, the Joule heat is
Q＝i2R (4)。
And S3, the processor calculates the temperature field distribution of the reactor enclosure by taking the calculated Joule heat as a heat source, and positions the enclosure hot point. In this embodiment, preferably, a coupling model of flow field-solid heat transfer is used to calculate the temperature field distribution of the reactor enclosure and locate the enclosure hot spot. The specific method comprises the following steps: the temperature distribution of each encapsulated winding is influenced by surrounding fluid, and the fluid satisfies a continuity equation, a momentum conservation equation and an energy conservation equation, which are respectively as follows:
the continuity equation is specifically:
the conservation of momentum equation is:
calculating the fluid velocity field and pressure distribution through (5), (6) and (7); the energy conservation equation is specifically:
the temperature distribution T of the fluid is determined from the equation (8) by combining the velocity field and the pressure distributionl(ii) a Where ρ is the air density μmeans the viscosity coefficient, p means the pressure, c means the given heat TlTemperature, v, of the fluidrAnd vzRefers to the velocity in the r and z directions, respectively, and Q is joule heat per unit volume in the aluminum wire; the control process of the steady-state temperature field of the reactor comprises the following steps:
wherein k is the thermal conductivity; q is joule heat per unit volume in the aluminum wire; r is the radial direction and z is the axial direction; t issIs the solid temperature, h is the convective heat dissipation coefficient, and Aj and As are the solid heat insulation surface and the heat dissipation surface; from the calculated fluid temperature TlThe combined vertical type (9), (10) and (11) obtain the solid temperature distribution T of the reactorsFrom the solid temperature distribution TsThe found temperature Tmax is the highest temperature hot spot and is used as the installation coordinate of the first temperature sensor.
Fig. 2 shows a flow of a temperature monitoring method applied to a dry-type air-core reactor, which is performed based on a method for obtaining a hot spot of temperature rise of the dry-type air-core reactor. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
a1, acquiring a temperature rise hot spot of the dry-type air-core reactor, and arranging and installing the temperature sensor according to the acquired temperature rise hot spot;
a2, the temperature sensor and the data terminal controller use Zigbee networking to perform temperature data acquisition and data wireless transmission;
a3, the data terminal controller is communicated with the on-site upper computer, and data are sent to the cloud server through the wireless network, when the temperature data are abnormal, the cloud server sends an alarm to notify workers through mails, and meanwhile, the cloud server sends short messages to mobile phones of related personnel through the mobile network to notify.
Fig. 3 shows a system structure diagram of a temperature monitoring system suitable for a dry-type air-core reactor, which comprises a cloud server, a PC upper computer and a data terminal controller unit arranged between reactor air passages, wherein the data terminal controller unit is connected with the PC upper computer in a monitoring room through a bus, the data terminal controller unit is connected with the cloud server through a wireless network and a base station, and the cloud server is communicated with the PC upper computer through an ethernet network.
The data terminal controller unit comprises a power module, a data terminal controller and a plurality of temperature acquisition nodes; the power input end of the power module is connected with the power end of the controller, and the data terminal controller is connected with the temperature acquisition node for information interaction.
In this embodiment, the temperature acquisition node includes a battery, a power management module, a system timer, a main control chip, and a temperature sensor; the battery is connected with the power management module, a first output end of the power management module is connected with the system timer, a second output end of the power management module is connected with the main control chip, and a third output end of the power management module is connected with the temperature sensor; the temperature sensor communication end is connected with the main control chip communication end, and the system timer signal receiving end is connected with the chip signal output end.
In this embodiment, the battery is a 3V button battery or a 3.7V lithium battery; the main control chip is a common CC2530 ZigBee chip on the market, and idle pins of the CC2530 are all set in an open-drain state; the main control chip is connected to a temperature sensor in an IIC serial mode, the type of the temperature sensor is ADT7420 commonly used in the market, the type of the data terminal controller is STM32L476, and the power supply management module is TPS70933, so that the voltage stabilization effect is achieved; the timer is TLV5010 and generates pulses at regular time to wake up the main control chip to trigger instructions to the temperature sensor to carry out temperature acquisition and data transmission, and the user sleeps again after finishing one operation.
In operation, system parameters including, but not limited to, vacuum permeability μ are input to the processor via the input module0Relative magnetic permeability murRadial direction coordinate r, axisCoordinate z in direction, coil end voltage u, coil resistance R, heat conductivity coefficient k, Joule heat per unit volume Q in aluminum wire, and solid temperature TsThe method comprises the following steps of calculating joule heat of each layer of winding by using a coupling model of a magnetic field-circuit through a convection heat dissipation coefficient h, a solid heat insulation surface Aj and a heat dissipation surface As according to input current values of each layer As loads, using the calculated joule heat As a heat source, calculating temperature field distribution encapsulated by a reactor by using the coupling model of flow field-solid heat transfer, positioning an encapsulation hotspot As a temperature acquisition node, arranging a temperature sensor at the temperature acquisition hotspot, automatically interacting a data terminal containing an RTC chip with a first temperature sensor through an IIC, and performing data temperature acquisition to the first temperature sensor through the IIC by automatically sending an inquiry command, wherein the first temperature sensor feeds acquired temperature information back to the data terminal, and the specific transmission mode is As follows: the Zigbee chip automatically joins in a network after being started, is initialized, and configures all IO ports of the Zigbee chip to be in an open-drain mode; initializing a clock pin P2.0 and a data pin P2.3 used by the temperature sensor to be in a weak pull-up mode, and setting a wake-up pin to be in falling edge interrupt input; in the embodiment, the sensor is driven according to the digital serial communication protocol IIC, and the sampling frequency of the sensor is set, wherein the sampling frequency is 1sps, namely once per second; after initialization is finished, the ZigBee chip is set to enter a deep sleep mode to wait for awakening; the node circuit uses a system timer and a watchdog circuit, a pulse is output to a ZigBee chip wake-up pin after the timing time is up, the ZigBee chip wakes up from a sleep mode after receiving the pulse and replies a watchdog signal, and if the ZigBee chip is halted and does not reply the watchdog signal, the timing chip outputs a reset signal to reset the ZigBee chip after a timing period; after awakening, the ZigBee chip reads thermometer parameters, then packages data, sends the packaged data to the data terminal controller through a user-defined data format, and enters the PM3 sleep mode again after finishing one-time data sending, wherein the packaged data comprises a network id, a device id, temperature data and a check code.
In this embodiment, the data sent by the CC2530 module in the temperature acquisition node is received by the ZigBee module, and is transmitted to the data terminal controller for processing, and after the data terminal controller processes the data, on one hand, the temperature data is transmitted to the SD card for storage, and on the other hand, the data is sent to the cloud server by the wireless module. In addition, the main control chip directly transmits the temperature data to the upper computer through the bus for processing.
When the main control chip finds that the temperature information is abnormal, an alarm is sent out if the temperature information is larger than a set threshold value in the embodiment, on one hand, the main control chip is connected with a PC upper computer through a bus to send out alarm information, on the other hand, the alarm information is sent to a cloud server through a wireless network, the cloud server sends mails and short messages to inform workers, and meanwhile, the alarm information is sent to the PC upper computer through an Ethernet.
In a preferred scheme of this embodiment, the temperature node and the data terminal controller write configuration parameters through an upper computer, establish one or more local area networks at the same location, and manage a plurality of nodes below one local area network by one terminal, specifically, set a pair ID for each terminal device as the ID of the network; allocating a System ID to each network access device as a mark for identifying each device in the local area network; and the temperature node of the network and the PAIN ID which is configured by the data terminal controller and is consistent with the terminal and the uniform security key which is consistent with all the devices can be added into the corresponding local area network.
Another optional scheme of this embodiment is that the temperature monitoring system further includes an ambient temperature sensor and/or a current-voltage detection module, the ambient temperature sensor is located outside the dry-type air-core reactor, an output end of the ambient temperature sensor is connected to the controller, and an output end of the current-voltage detection module is connected to the data terminal controller through the wireless communication module. The environment temperature sensor is ADT7420 which is common in the market, and the local area network is formed by the IIC and the data terminal controller for interaction. After the data terminal controller receives the data, the current RTC time is read, a measurement instruction is sent to the environment temperature sensor to measure the outdoor temperature, the time information and all temperature data are stored in the SD card, and then the data are sent to the cloud server and the upper computer through the wireless network according to the format the same as that of the temperature node. The main control chip compares the difference value by measuring the normal outdoor temperature and the temperature of the first temperature acquisition node measuring reactor, and triggers alarm information when the difference value exceeds a set threshold value, on one hand, the main control chip is connected with a PC upper computer through a bus to send alarm information, on the other hand, the alarm information is sent to a cloud server through a wireless network, the cloud server sends a mail and a short message to inform a worker, and simultaneously sends the alarm information to the PC upper computer through an Ethernet.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. A method for acquiring a temperature rise hot spot of a dry-type air-core reactor is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, acquiring actual air-core reactor structure parameters and system parameters and inputting the actual air-core reactor structure parameters and the system parameters into a processor, wherein the structure parameters comprise relative magnetic permeability murRadial direction coordinate R, axial direction coordinate z, coil end voltage u, coil resistance R, heat conductivity coefficient k, solid heat insulation surface AjAnd a heat radiating surface AsSaid system parameter comprising a vacuum permeability μ0；
S2, the processor calculates the Joule heat of each layer of winding in each package in the dry-type air-core reactor according to the input reactor coil end voltage as a load;
the specific calculation method of the joule heat is as follows:
the dry-type air reactor comprises a plurality of parallel encapsulated windings, each encapsulated winding comprises a plurality of parallel layers of aluminum conductor coils, and the vector magnetic potential A and the current i are taken as the degrees of freedom for the coil winding part; the other regions take the vector magnetic bit A as the degree of freedom; under the two-dimensional axial symmetry coordinate system,
and satisfy a differential equation
Wherein, mu0Is a vacuum permeability, murIs a measure of the relative magnetic permeability, r,
and z is a coordinate axis of the direction,
is A at
The size of the direction is greater or smaller,
is the current density;
the external circuit equation of the reactor is as follows:
wherein u is the coil terminal voltage, and R is the coil resistance;
and (3) simultaneously establishing the equations (1) and (2) to obtain a field coupling matrix equation set, and calculating the magnetic field of the reactor:
wherein [ CiA]Is an inductive damping matrix, [ K ]AA]Is a bit stiffness matrix, [ K ]Ai]Is a magnetic potential-current coupling stiffness matrix, [ K ]ie]For a current-electromotive force coupling stiffness matrix, [ A ]]A node vector bit matrix is obtained; [ J ]]Is a node current matrix; [ e ] a]Is a node electromotive force matrix;
by simultaneously solving the above equation (3) to obtain the degree of freedom vector magnetic potential A and the current i, the Joule heat is
Q＝i2R (4)；
And S3, the processor calculates the temperature field distribution of the reactor enclosure by taking the calculated Joule heat as a heat source, and positions the enclosure hot point.
2. The method for acquiring the temperature rise hot spot of the dry-type air-core reactor according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the temperature field distribution of the reactor enclosure is calculated, and the enclosure hot spot is located, and the method specifically includes:
the temperature distribution of each encapsulated winding is influenced by surrounding fluid, and the fluid satisfies a continuity equation, a momentum conservation equation and an energy conservation equation, which are respectively as follows:
the continuity equation is specifically:
the conservation of momentum equation is:
calculating the fluid velocity field and pressure distribution through (5), (6) and (7);
the energy conservation equation is specifically:
the temperature distribution T of the fluid is determined from the equation (8) by combining the velocity field and the pressure distributionl；
Where ρ is the air density μmeans the viscosity coefficient, p means the pressure, c means the given heat, TlTemperature, v, of the fluidrAnd vzRefers to the velocity in the r and z directions, respectively, and Q is joule heat per unit volume in the aluminum wire;
the control process of the steady-state temperature field of the reactor comprises the following steps:
wherein k is the thermal conductivity; q is joule heat per unit volume in the aluminum wire; r is the radial direction and z is the axial direction; t issIs the solid temperature, h is the convection coefficient, Aj and As are the solid insulation surface and the heat dissipation surface, and n is the normal vector direction;
from the calculated fluid temperature TlThe combined vertical type (9), (10) and (11) obtain the solid temperature distribution T of the reactorsFrom the solid temperature distribution TsThe found temperature Tmax is the highest temperature hot spot and is used as the installation coordinate of the first temperature sensor.
3. A temperature monitoring method using the method of acquiring a temperature-rise hot spot of a dry-type air-core reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized by comprising the steps of:
a1, acquiring a temperature rise hot spot of the dry-type air-core reactor by using the method of any one of claims 1-2, and arranging and installing a temperature sensor according to the acquired temperature rise hot spot;
a2, the temperature sensor and the data terminal controller use Zigbee networking to perform temperature data acquisition and data wireless transmission;
a3, the data terminal controller is communicated with the on-site upper computer, and data are sent to the cloud server through the wireless network, when the temperature data are abnormal, the cloud server sends an alarm to notify workers through mails, and meanwhile, the cloud server sends short messages to mobile phones of related personnel through the mobile network to notify.
4. The temperature monitoring method according to claim 3, wherein the temperature data acquisition and wireless transmission in step A2 comprises the following specific steps:
a21, automatically joining the network after the Zigbee chip is started, initializing, and configuring all IO ports of the Zigbee chip to be in an open-drain mode;
a22, initializing a clock pin and a data pin used by the temperature sensor to be in a weak pull-up mode, and setting a wakeup pin to be in falling edge interrupt input;
a23, driving the sensor according to the digital serial communication protocol, and setting the working sampling frequency of the sensor;
a24, after initialization is finished, setting the ZigBee chip to enter a deep sleep mode to wait for awakening;
a25, the node circuit uses a system timer and a watchdog circuit, a pulse is output to a ZigBee chip wake-up pin after the timing time is up, the ZigBee chip wakes up from a sleep mode after receiving the pulse and replies a watchdog signal, if the ZigBee chip is halted and does not reply the watchdog signal, the timing chip outputs a reset signal to reset the ZigBee chip after a timing period;
a26, reading temperature sensor parameters after the ZigBee chip is awakened, then packaging data, sending the packaged data to a data terminal controller through a user-defined data format, and entering a PM3 sleep mode again after one-time data sending is completed, wherein the packaged data comprises a network id, a device id, temperature data and a check code.
5. The temperature monitoring method according to claim 3, wherein in step A2, the temperature node and the data terminal controller write configuration parameters through the upper computer, and establish one or more local area networks at the same location, and a terminal manages a plurality of nodes under a local area network by setting a PAIN ID for each terminal device as the ID of the network; allocating a System ID to each network access device as a mark for identifying each device in the local area network; and the temperature node of the network and the PAIN ID which is configured by the data terminal controller and is consistent with the terminal and the uniform security key which is consistent with all the devices can be added into the corresponding local area network.
6. The temperature monitoring method according to claim 3, wherein in step A3, after the data terminal controller receives the data, the current RTC time is read, the outdoor temperature is measured, the time information and all temperature data are stored in the SD card, then the data are sent to the cloud server and the upper computer through the wireless network according to the same format as the temperature node, the program of the data terminal controller unit compares the normal outdoor temperature with the temperature of the measuring reactor to obtain the difference value, when the difference value exceeds the set threshold value, the data terminal controller unit triggers the alarm information, and the cloud server sends the alarm information through the mobile network in a short message manner.
7. A temperature monitoring system suitable for a dry-type air-core reactor and adopting the temperature monitoring method of any one of claims 4 to 6 is characterized by comprising a cloud server, a PC upper computer and a data terminal controller unit arranged between reactor air passages, wherein the data terminal controller unit is connected with the PC upper computer in a monitoring room through a bus, the data terminal controller unit is connected with the cloud server through a wireless network and a base station, and the cloud server is communicated with the PC upper computer through an Ethernet;
the data terminal controller unit comprises a power module, a data terminal controller and a plurality of temperature acquisition nodes; the power input end of the power module is connected with the power end of the controller, and the data terminal controller is connected with the temperature acquisition node for information interaction;
the temperature monitoring system further comprises an environment temperature sensor and/or a current and voltage detection module, the environment temperature sensor is located outside the dry-type air reactor, the output end of the environment temperature sensor is connected with the controller, and the output end of the current and voltage detection module is connected with the data terminal controller through the wireless communication module.
8. A temperature monitoring system suitable for a dry-type air-core reactor according to claim 7, wherein the temperature acquisition node comprises a battery, a power management module, a system timer, a main control chip and a temperature sensor; the battery is connected with the power management module, a first output end of the power management module is connected with the system timer, a second output end of the power management module is connected with the main control chip, and a third output end of the power management module is connected with the temperature sensor; the temperature sensor communication end is connected with the main control chip communication end, and the system timer signal receiving end is connected with the chip signal output end.
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