CN107682065B

CN107682065B - Method and device for transmitting data

Info

Publication number: CN107682065B
Application number: CN201610623788.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 蔡明明; 高钪; 黄煌; 伯特朗·马丁·霍赫瓦尔德; 刘坤鹏
Original assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd; University of Notre Dame
Current assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd; University of Notre Dame
Priority date: 2016-08-02
Filing date: 2016-08-02
Publication date: 2020-08-25
Anticipated expiration: 2036-08-02
Also published as: CN107682065A

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a method and a device for transmitting data, wherein the method comprises the following steps: a transmitting end determines a beam training area, wherein the beam training area comprises coverage areas of N candidate beams; the method comprises the steps that the sending end sends M first beams to a receiving end, each first beam carries beam training information and first data, and the beam training information is used for the receiving end to estimate channel information of the first beam carried by the beam training information; the sending end receives the feedback information sent by the receiving end; the sending end determines a second beam from the N candidate beams according to the feedback information; and the transmitting end transmits second data with the receiving end through the second wave beam. The method and the device provided by the embodiment of the invention can transmit data while training the wave beam, thereby improving the utilization rate of transmission resources.

Description

Method and device for transmitting data

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of wireless communications, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for transmitting data.

Background

In order to increase the data transmission rate of wireless communication, the prior art utilizes high-frequency electromagnetic waves for wireless communication, however, the spatial loss of the electromagnetic waves in the high-frequency band (e.g., millimeter-wave band) is greater than that of the electromagnetic waves in the low-frequency band, and the transmission distance is smaller under the same transmission power, so the millimeter-wave communication system usually uses directional beams to establish a communication link to overcome the disadvantage that the electromagnetic waves are larger in space.

A Base Station (BS) and a Mobile Station (MS) perform beam training using a certain time-frequency resource to determine a directional beam required for transmitting data, and the directional beam is determined by multiple stages of training, for example, the BS and the MS perform wide beam scanning training to complete synchronization, then perform narrow beam scanning training in a region determined by the wide beam to determine a narrow beam used for data communication, and then update the directional beam by beam tracking to maintain a communication link.

Currently, in the course of wide beam or narrow beam training, each pair of wide beam or narrow beam training is completed in a time resource of a fixed length, only one specific sequence is transmitted in the period, the receiver determines the channel quality corresponding to the beam pair by measuring the sequence, performs narrow beam training in the area corresponding to the wide beam pair with the best channel quality, and uses the narrow beam pair with the best channel quality for data communication. After the completion of the wide beam synchronization, the wide beam is used only for transmitting data, or is used for determining a new pair of wide beams according to channel variation, the wide beam is not used for performing narrow beam training, and in addition, only a specific sequence is transmitted during the narrow beam training, other information is not transmitted, and the spectrum utilization efficiency is low.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for transmitting data, where a training beam with a beam width greater than that of a data transmission beam is used to perform narrow beam training, and data can be transmitted while performing beam training, so as to improve spectrum utilization.

In a first aspect, a method for transmitting data is provided, the method comprising: a transmitting end determines a beam training area, wherein the beam training area comprises coverage areas of N candidate beams, N is a positive integer and is more than or equal to 2; the method comprises the steps that a sending end sends M first beams to a receiving end, each first beam bears beam training information and first data, the beam training information is used for the receiving end to estimate channel information of the first beam borne by the beam training information, the channel information comprises channel quality information or power delay response information, M is a positive integer and is not less than 2, and coverage areas of the M first beams on the beam training areas are different from one another; the sending end receives feedback information sent by the receiving end, wherein the feedback information is generated by the receiving end according to the channel information of the M first beams; the sending end determines a second beam from the N candidate beams according to the feedback information; and the transmitting end transmits second data to the receiving end through the second beam, or the transmitting end receives the second data transmitted by the receiving end through the second beam.

According to the method for transmitting data provided by the embodiment of the invention, the training of the second beam is carried out through the first beams with different coverage areas, and the data can be transmitted while the beam training is carried out, so that the utilization efficiency of transmission resources can be improved, the time for transmitting the data is saved, and the time delay for system feedback confirmation can be reduced.

Optionally, the set of coverage areas of the M first beams comprises the beam training area, and the coverage area of the first beam is larger than the coverage area of the candidate beam.

The beam training using the M first beams of which the set of beam coverage areas includes the beam training area can improve the accuracy of the beam training, and furthermore, the data transmission using the training wide beam of which the beam width is larger than that of the candidate beam can improve the signal gain of the first beam in the beam training area, so that the reliability of the first data transmission can be improved.

Optionally, the beam training information includes a beam training sequence, and the beam training sequence is used by the receiving end to estimate the first wavePower delay response information of beams, the feedback information including power delay response vectors h of the M first beams_lH is said_lIs determined by the receiving end according to the power delay response information, wherein h is_lThe method for indicating the received power of the M first beams on the ith delay path, where l is a positive integer and is greater than or equal to 1, and the sending end determines the second beam from the N candidate beams according to the feedback information, includes: the sending end is according to the h_lAnd a weight matrix B of the M first beams and a weight matrix A of the N candidate beams, wherein the B is used for indicating phase shifter configurations for forming the M first beams, and the A is used for indicating phase shifter configurations for forming the N candidate beams.

In the embodiment of the invention, the sending end estimates the channel quality of the candidate beams according to the beam training information, and determines the beam with the best channel quality as the second beam from the N candidate beams, so that the burden of the receiving end can be reduced.

Optionally, the beam training information includes a beam training sequence, a weight matrix B of the M first beams, and a weight matrix a of the N candidate beams, where the beam training sequence is used by the receiving end to estimate power delay response information of the first beams, the B is used to indicate phase shifter configurations forming the M first beams, the a is used to indicate phase shifter configurations forming the N candidate beams, the beam training sequence, the B, and the a are used by the receiving end to estimate the channel quality information, the feedback information includes beam identification information, the beam identification information is used to identify a candidate beam with the best channel quality among the N candidate beams, and the candidate beam with the best channel quality among the N candidate beams is determined by the receiving end according to the channel quality information, the determining, by the transmitter, the second beam from the N candidate beams according to the feedback information includes: and the transmitting end determines the second beam from the N candidate beams according to the beam identification information.

In the embodiment of the invention, the transmitting end transmits the beam training sequence, the weight matrix of the training wide beam and the weight matrix of the candidate beam to the receiving end, so that the receiving end estimates the channel quality of the candidate beam according to the beam training information, and determines the beam with the best channel quality as the second beam from the N candidate beams, thereby reducing the burden of the transmitting end.

In a second aspect, a method for transmitting data is provided, the method comprising: a receiving end receives M first beams sent by a sending end based on fixed phase shifter configuration, wherein each first beam carries beam training information and first data, the beam training information is used for estimating channel information of the first beam carried by the beam training information, the channel information comprises channel quality information or power delay response information, M is a positive integer and is not less than 2, and coverage areas of the M first beams on the beam training area are different from each other; the receiving end generates feedback information according to the channel information of the M first beams; the receiving end sends the feedback information to the sending end, so that the sending end determines the second beam from the N candidate beams according to the feedback information; and the receiving end transmits second data to the transmitting end through the second beam based on the fixed phase shifter configuration, or receives the second data transmitted by the transmitting end through the second beam based on the fixed phase shifter configuration.

According to the method for transmitting data, the second wave beam training is carried out through the first wave beams with different coverage areas, and the data can be transmitted while the wave beam training is carried out, so that the utilization efficiency of transmission resources can be improved, the time for transmitting the data is saved, and the time delay for system feedback confirmation can be reduced.

Optionally, the receiving, by the receiving end, the beam training information sent by the sending end includes:

the receiving end receives a beam training sequence sent by the sending end, wherein the beam training sequence is used for the receiving end to estimate power delay response information of the first beam; the receiving end generates feedback information according to the channel information of the M first beams, including: the receiving end generates power delay response vectors h of the M first beams according to the power delay response information of the M first beams_lH is said_lFor indicating the received power of the M first beams on the ith delay path, so that the transmitting end can transmit the signals according to the h_lDetermining the second wave beam, wherein l is a positive integer and is not less than 1; the sending end sends the feedback information to the receiving end, and the sending end comprises the following steps: the receiving end sends the h to the sending end_l。。

In the embodiment of the invention, the receiving end generates the power time delay response vectors of M first wave beams according to the wave beam training information and sends the power time delay response vectors to the sending end as feedback information, so that the sending end estimates the channel quality of the candidate wave beams, and the wave beam with the best channel quality is determined to be the second wave beam from the N candidate wave beams, thereby reducing the burden of the receiving end.

Optionally, the receiving, by the receiving end, the beam training information sent by the sending end includes: the receiving end receives a beam training sequence, a weight matrix B of the M first beams and a weight matrix A of the N candidate beams, wherein the beam training sequence is used for the receiving end to estimate power delay response information of the first beams, and the B is used for indicating the formation of the M first beamsA phase shifter configuration, said A for indicating a phase shifter configuration for forming said N candidate beams, said beam training sequence, said B and said A for said receiving end to estimate said channel quality information; the receiving end generates feedback information according to the channel information, and the method comprises the following steps: the receiving end generates power delay response vectors h of the M first wave beams according to the power delay response information of the M first wave beams_lH is said_lThe receiving power of the M first beams on the l delay path is indicated; the receiving end is according to the h_lDetermining the candidate beam with the best channel quality from the N candidate beams as the second beam; the sending end sends the feedback information to the receiving end, and the sending end comprises the following steps: and the receiving end sends the beam identification information of the second beam to the sending end.

In the embodiment of the invention, the receiving end estimates the channel quality of the candidate beams according to the beam training information, and determines the beam with the best channel quality as the second beam from the N candidate beams, so that the load of the transmitting end can be reduced.

In a third aspect, a method for transmitting data is provided, where a transmitting end and a receiving end communicate through a first beam, the method includes: the transmitting end generates beam training information, wherein the beam training information is used for the receiving end to estimate channel information of the first beam, and the channel information comprises channel quality information or power delay response information; the sending end sends the first beam to the receiving end within a beam training time period based on fixed phase shifter configuration, wherein the first beam carries the beam training information and first data, so that the receiving end updates the phase shifter configuration for receiving the first beam according to the beam training information; and the sending end sends second data to the receiving end or receives the second data sent by the receiving end after the beam training time period based on the fixed phase shifter configuration.

The method for transmitting data provided by the embodiment of the invention can perform beam training through the first beam currently communicating, and can transmit data while performing beam training, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of transmission resources, saving the time for data transmission, and reducing the time delay for system feedback confirmation.

In a fourth aspect, a method for transmitting data is provided, where a receiving end and a transmitting end communicate through a first beam, and the method includes: the receiving end receives a first beam sent by the sending end in a beam training time period based on at least two phase shifter configurations, wherein the first beam carries beam training information and first data, the beam training information is used for estimating channel information of the first beam, and the channel information comprises channel quality information or power delay response information; the receiving end determines, according to the beam training information, a phase shifter configuration in which a first phase shifter is configured to receive the first beam, where the first phase shifter is configured to be a phase shifter configuration with the best channel quality of the received first beam among the at least two phase shifter configurations; and the receiving end transmits second data to the transmitting end or receives the second data transmitted by the transmitting end after the beam training time period based on the first phase shifter configuration.

According to the method for transmitting data provided by the embodiment of the invention, the narrow beam training is carried out through the receiving beam formed based on the configuration of various phase shifters, and the data can be transmitted while the beam training is carried out, so that the utilization efficiency of transmission resources can be improved, the time for data transmission can be saved, and the time delay for system feedback confirmation can be reduced.

In a fifth aspect, an apparatus for transmitting data is provided, which includes means for performing the steps in the first aspect and the implementations of the first aspect.

In a sixth aspect, an apparatus for transmitting data is provided, which includes means for performing the steps of the second aspect and implementations of the second aspect.

In a seventh aspect, an apparatus for transmitting data is provided, which includes means for performing each step in each implementation manner of the third aspect and the third aspect.

In an eighth aspect, an apparatus for transmitting data is provided, which includes means for performing the steps in the fourth aspect and the implementations of the first aspect.

In a ninth aspect, there is provided an apparatus for transferring data, comprising a memory for storing a computer program and a processor for calling and running the computer program from the memory, so that the apparatus performs the method of transferring data of the first aspect and any of its various implementations.

In a tenth aspect, there is provided an apparatus for transferring data, comprising a memory for storing a computer program and a processor for calling and running the computer program from the memory, so that the apparatus performs the method for transferring data of the second aspect and any of its various implementations.

In an eleventh aspect, there is provided an apparatus for transmitting data, comprising a memory for storing a computer program and a processor for calling and running the computer program from the memory, so that the apparatus performs the method for transmitting data of the third aspect and any of its various implementations.

In a twelfth aspect, there is provided an apparatus for transmitting data, comprising a memory for storing a computer program and a processor for calling and running the computer program from the memory, so that the apparatus performs the method for transmitting data of the fourth aspect and any of its various implementations.

According to the method, the device and the equipment for transmitting data, beam training is carried out through a plurality of first beams with different coverage areas, or beam training is carried out through receiving beams formed based on various phase shifter configurations, and data can be transmitted while beam training is carried out, so that the utilization efficiency of transmission resources can be improved, the time for data transmission is saved, and the time delay for system feedback confirmation can be reduced.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wireless communication system to which embodiments of the present invention are applicable;

FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart diagram of a method of transmitting data provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a beam training area;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another beam training region;

FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram of a physical layer control frame carrying a beam training sequence;

FIG. 6 is a schematic block diagram of a beam update protocol BRP packet carrying a beam training sequence;

FIG. 7 is a diagram of a format of a transmit beam training field;

FIG. 8 is a diagram of a format of a receive beam training field;

fig. 9 is a diagram illustrating a method of allocating time resources used by a first beam;

fig. 10 is a diagram illustrating another method of allocating time resources for use by a first beam;

fig. 11 is a diagram illustrating a method of allocating frequency resources used by a first beam;

fig. 12 is a diagram illustrating another frequency resource allocation method used by a first beam;

FIG. 13 is a schematic flow chart diagram of a method of transmitting data provided by another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a schematic interaction diagram of a method of transferring data provided by yet another embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 15 is a schematic interaction diagram of a method of transferring data provided by yet another embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 16 is a schematic interaction diagram of a method of transferring data provided by yet another embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 17 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus for transmitting data provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 18 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus for transmitting data provided by another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 19 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus for transmitting data provided by yet another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 20 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus for transmitting data provided by a further embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 21 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus for transmitting data provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 22 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus for transmitting data provided by another embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 23 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus for transmitting data according to still another embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 24 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus for transmitting data according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

It should be understood that the wireless communication system of the embodiment of the present invention may employ various wireless communication schemes for communication, such as: global System for Mobile communications (GSM), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Long Term Evolution (LTE), Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), and so on.

It should also be understood that in the embodiments of the present invention, a sending end device or a receiving end device may be referred to as an access terminal, a User Equipment (UE), a subscriber unit, a subscriber station, a mobile station, a remote terminal, a mobile device, a User terminal, a wireless communication device, a User agent or User Equipment, a handheld device with wireless communication function, a computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, and a terminal device in a future 5G network. The sending end device or the receiving end device may also be a base Station (BTS) in a GSM system or a CDMA system, a base Station (Node B) in a WCDMA system, an evolved Node B (eNB) in an LTE system, a base Station device in a future 5G network, and the like.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a wireless communication system to which embodiments of the present invention are applicable. As shown in fig. 1, the communication system 100 includes a transmitter 110 and a receiver 120, and the transmitter 110 and the receiver 120 can communicate with each other through a directional beam. The transmitter 110 includes a Baseband processor (Baseband processor)111, a Digital-to-Analog Converter (dac) 112, a Beamforming Unit (Beamforming Unit)113, and a radio front end (radio front)114, wherein the Baseband processor 111 performs QAM (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation), shaping, framing, and other processing on 01 data from a MAC (Media Access Control), and then inputs the data to the dac 112, the dac 112 converts a Digital signal generated by the Baseband processor 111 into an Analog signal and outputs the Analog signal to the radio front end 114, and the radio front end 114 performs up-conversion Modulation on the Analog signal to a carrier frequency and transmits the Analog signal through an antenna. The rf front end 114 may include a power Divider (Divider)115, a phase shifter 116, and an antenna array 117, where the beamforming unit 113 controls the phase shifter 116 to perform a phase shifting operation according to information fed back by the baseband processor 111, so as to implement beamforming, for example, the baseband processor 111 determines that a beam channel quality in a certain direction is the best through beam training, and sends corresponding beam information to the beamforming unit 113, and the beamforming unit 113 may control the phase shifter 116 according to the beam information, so as to direct a beam of a signal transmitted by the antenna array 117 to a beam direction with the best channel quality.

The receiver 120 includes a baseband processor 121, an analog-to-digital converter 122, a beam forming unit 123, and a radio frequency front end 124, where the radio frequency front end 124 may include a power Combiner (Combiner)125, a phase shifter 126, and an antenna array 127, the radio frequency front end 124 down-converts a received signal from a certain carrier frequency to a baseband analog signal and converts the baseband analog signal to a digital signal through the analog-to-digital converter 122, and the baseband processor 121 processes the digital signal through operations of channel estimation, QAM demodulation, and the like to obtain corresponding data. The beamforming unit 123 may receive signals through beams having better channel quality by adjusting the configuration of the phase shifter 126 according to the channel estimation fed back by the baseband processor 121.

The example of fig. 1 is only for helping those skilled in the art to better understand the embodiments of the present invention, and does not limit the scope of the embodiments of the present invention, for example, the transmitter 110 and the receiver 120 may also include other devices or modules, and the number of antenna elements of the antenna array is not limited to the number shown in fig. 1.

To facilitate an understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, the following elements are first introduced before describing the embodiments of the present invention.

The beam width (beamwidth) is one of the parameters describing the performance of an antenna, and in a multi-antenna system, an electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna has strong directivity, and a directional pattern of the electromagnetic wave usually has two or more beams, wherein the beam with the largest radiation intensity is called a main beam, and the other lobes are called side beams or side beams. On both sides of the main beam in the maximum radiation direction, the distance between two points at which the radiation intensity decreases by a certain value (e.g., 3dB (decibel)) is defined as the beam width, and the narrower the beam width, the better the directivity, and the farther the action distance, the smaller the coverage area somewhere in space.

The signal gain (gain) refers to the ratio of the power density of the signal generated by the actual antenna and the ideal radiating element at the same point in space under the condition of equal input power. In the data transmission process, the gain of the signal received by the receiver needs to meet a certain condition to correctly receive the data, if the signal gain is larger, the data can be transmitted through a high-speed transmission coding mode, and if the signal gain is smaller, the data can be transmitted through a low-speed transmission coding mode.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method 200 for transmitting data according to an embodiment of the present invention, where as shown in fig. 2, the method 200 includes:

s210, a transmitting end determines a beam training area, wherein the beam training area comprises coverage areas of N candidate beams, N is a positive integer and is more than or equal to 2;

s220, the sending end sends M first beams to a receiving end, each first beam carries beam training information and first data, the beam training information is used for the receiving end to estimate channel information of the first beam carried by the beam training information, the channel information comprises channel quality information or power delay response information, M is a positive integer and is not less than 2, and coverage areas of the M first beams on the beam training area are different from one another;

s230, the sending end receives the feedback information sent by the receiving end, where the feedback information is generated by the receiving end according to the channel information of the M first beams;

s240, the transmitting end determines a second beam from the N candidate beams according to the feedback information;

s250, the sending end sends second data to the receiving end through the second beam, or the sending end receives the second data sent by the receiving end through the second beam.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the beam width of the first beam may be greater than the beam width of the candidate beam, or the beam width of the first beam may also be smaller than or equal to the beam width of the candidate beam, and the transmitting end first needs to determine the approximate direction of the second beam (hereinafter, collectively referred to as "narrow beam" for convenience of description), that is, determine the beam training region. In the following, the embodiment of the present invention is described by taking a uniform planar array antenna as an example, and a coverage area of a beam formed by the planar array antenna is a square area, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto, and the method for transmitting data according to the embodiment of the present invention may also be applied to other types of antenna systems, such as a linear array antenna system and an array antenna system with a circular or elliptical coverage area.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a beam training area, where the training area shown in fig. 3 includes 9 small lattices with equal areas, each small lattice corresponds to a beam in one direction (i.e., a candidate beam), and before a transmitting end determines the beam training area, if the transmitting end and a receiving end do not perform beam communication, the transmitting end may determine the beam training area in a sector scanning manner; if the transmitting end and the receiving end have already performed beam communication, for example, the coverage area of the beam is the shaded small grid in fig. 3, the training area shown in fig. 3 may be determined with the symmetry center of the small grid as the center.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of another beam training region, where the training region shown in fig. 4 includes 16 cells with equal area, each cell corresponds to a narrow beam (i.e., a candidate beam) in one direction, and a method for determining the training region shown in fig. 4 is similar to the method for determining the training region shown in fig. 3, where before the transmitting end determines the beam training region, if the transmitting end and the receiving end have not performed beam communication, the transmitting end may determine the beam training region in a sector scanning manner; if the transmitting end and the receiving end have already performed beam communication, for example, the coverage area of the beam is 4 small grids hatched in fig. 4, the training area shown in fig. 4 can be determined with the center of symmetry of the 4 small grids as the center.

The beam training area may be divided according to the performance of the antenna and the requirement of actually transmitting data.

In S220, after the transmitting end determines the beam training area, the receiving end transmits M first beams (hereinafter, referred to as "training wide beams" for convenience of description), where the M training wide beams carry beam training information and first data, and the beam training information may be a beam training sequence, and the beam training sequence is used by the receiving end to estimate power delay response information of the first beams, so as to determine power delay response vectors h of the M first beams_l. The beam training information may also be a beam training sequence, a weight matrix B of the M first beams, and a beam positionThe weight matrix A of the N candidate beams, the beam training sequence is used for determining the power delay response vector h of the M first beams_lAnd the receiving end can then according to the h_lThe B and the a determine a beam with the best channel quality from the N candidate beams, and use the candidate beam with the best channel quality as a second beam (i.e., a narrow beam) for subsequent data transmission, where the M training wide beams may be transmitted simultaneously, or may be sequentially transmitted in M time periods, or may be other transmission methods. In addition, the embodiment of the present invention does not limit the relationship between the number of the first beams and the number of the candidate beams, that is, M may be greater than N, may also be smaller than N, and may also be equal to N. The coverage areas of the M first beams on the beam training area are different from each other, wherein a set of the coverage areas of the M first beams is included in the beam training area, or the set of the coverage areas of the M first beams includes the beam training area, or the set of the coverage areas of the M first beams completely coincides with or partially coincides with the beam training area, and the M first training beams are used for transmitting beam training information so that a transmitting end determines a second beam from the N candidate beams according to feedback information of the beam training information. In this embodiment of the present invention, the set of coverage areas of the M first beams may be coverage areas formed by superimposing the positions of the coverage areas based on the M first beams, or coverage areas formed by splicing the positions of the coverage areas based on the M first beams, or coverage areas formed by combining the positions of the coverage areas based on the M first beams in other manners.

In order to transmit data while transmitting beam training information, the signal gain of the wide beam needs to meet the minimum channel quality requirement of link transmission to ensure reliable transmission of data, and the channel quality can be determined by calculating the signal-to-noise ratio or the signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio of a received signal. The signal gain of the narrower beam is more attenuated at the same distance than that of the wider beam, and thus, the narrower beam can be used for training of the narrow beam. However, under the condition that the output power of the transmitting end is the same, the larger the beam width is, the lower the signal gain is, and therefore, the beam width of the training wide beam should not be too wide.

Taking fig. 3 as an example, after the transmitting end determines the beam training region, one reference training wide beam B5 (i.e., a training wide beam corresponding to a dashed-line frame whose symmetric center coincides with the symmetric center of the beam training region) may be determined according to the symmetric center of the beam training region, the beam width of the reference training wide beam B5 is twice the beam width of the candidate beam, the coverage area is 4 times the coverage area of the candidate beam, the other 8 training wide beams B1, B2, B3, B4, B6, B7, B8, and B9 may be obtained by perturbing the beam center of the reference training wide beam B5, the coverage areas of the 9 training wide beams coincide with the beam training region, and the receiving end may determine a candidate beam with the best channel quality from the 9 candidate beams by measuring the received signals of the 9 training wide beams that carry the beam training information. It should be understood that the foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative, and the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and alternatively, the beam width of the training wide beams may also be of other magnitudes, the training wide beams that enable the signal gain in the beam training region to meet the requirement for transmitting the first data all fall within the protection scope of the present invention, the number of the training wide beams may also be of other numbers, and the area of the coverage area of the M training wide beams may be equal to the area of the beam training region, or may also be greater than or smaller than the area of the beam training region.

Further, as an example of fig. 4, after the transmitting end determines the beam training region, a reference training wide beam B5 is determined according to a symmetric center of the beam training region, a beam width of the reference training wide beam B5 is 2.25 times of a beam width of the candidate beam, other 8 training wide beams B1, B2, B3, B4, B6, B7, B8, and B9 may be obtained by disturbing a beam center of the reference training wide beam B5, a coverage area of the 9 training wide beams coincides with the beam training area, and the receiving end may determine a candidate beam with the best channel quality from the 16 candidate beams by measuring received signals carrying beam training information of the 9 training wide beams. The above embodiments are merely examples, and the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

The training of the narrow Beam may be accomplished by a physical layer control frame or a BRP (Beam update Protocol) packet. Fig. 5 and 6 respectively show formats of a physical layer control frame and a BRP packet, where the last period of the physical layer control frame and the BRP packet is used as a Training field, and the Training field is divided into a Transmit Training (TRN-T) field and a Receive Training (TRN-R) field, and is used for performing Transmit beam Training and Receive beam Training, respectively. Fig. 7 and 8 show formats of a transmission training field and a reception training field, respectively, in which one CE (Channel Estimation) subfield for Channel Estimation corresponds to 4 training subfields (T) for transmission beam training₁，T₂，T₃，T₄) Or 4 training subfields (R) for receive beam training₁，R₂，R₃，R₄) Each training subfield switches beams once. Receive beam training subfield R₁To R_4NAnd transmit beam training subfield T₁To T_4NEach training subfield in (1) transmits the same sequence [ Ga ]₁₂₈-Gb₁₂₈Ga₁₂₈Gb₁₂₈Ga₁₂₈]Wherein N is a positive integer, a first subsequence Ga₁₂₈The first 64 values are used for beam switching. Ga₁₂₈And Gb₁₂₈Is defined as follows, Ga₁₂₈：{+1 +1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 +1 -1 +1 +1 -1 -1 +1 +1 +1 -1 -1 +1 +1 +1 +1 -1 +1 -1 +1 -1 +1 +1 -1 -1 -1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1+1 -1 +1 -1 -1 +1 +1 -1 +1 +1 -1 -1 +1 +1 +1 +1 -1 +1 -1 +1 -1 +1 +1 -1 +1 +1-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 +1 -1 +1 +1 -1 -1 +1 +1 +1 -1 -1 +1 +1 +1 +1 -1 +1 -1 +1-1 +1 +1 -1 +1 +1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 +1 -1 +1 +1 -1 -1 +1 -1 -1 +1 +1 -1 -1-1 -1 +1 -1 +1 -1 +1 -1 -1 +1}，Gb₁₂₈：{-1 -1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 -1 +1 -1 -1 +1 +1 -1 -1 -1 +1 +1 -1 -1 -1 -1 +1 -1 +1 -1 +1 -1 -1 +1 +1 +1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1-1 -1 +1 -1 +1 +1 -1 -1 +1 -1 -1 +1 +1 -1 -1 -1 -1 +1 -1 +1 -1 +1 -1 -1 +1 +1+1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 +1 -1 +1 +1 -1 -1 +1 +1 +1 -1 -1 +1 +1 +1 +1 -1 +1 -1+1 -1 +1 +1 -1 +1 +1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 +1 -1 +1 +1 -1 -1 +1 -1 -1 +1 +1 -1-1 -1 -1 +1 -1 +1 -1 +1 -1 -1 +1}，Ga₁₂₈And Gb₁₂₈During transmission, the signals are transmitted in sequence according to the sequence shown in brackets, and a receiving end can estimate the channel quality and the power delay response of the beam according to the training sequence. The foregoing embodiments are merely examples, and the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any method that can estimate channel quality of beams falls within the scope protected by the present invention, for example, the beam training information sent by the sending end to the receiving end may be a beam training sequence, or a pilot sequence, or may be a beam training sequence, a weight matrix B for training M wide beams, and a weight matrix a for N candidate beams.

It can be assumed without loss of generality that a channel of a beam has L paths with different time delays, where L is a positive integer, in order to estimate channel responses of the training wide beams in different paths, a pilot sequence or a training sequence needs to be transmitted within a training time of each training wide beam, the transmitted pilot sequence or the training sequence only occupies a part of training time and frequency resources, the remaining training time and frequency resources can be used for transmitting first data, the first data may be data modulated by a low-speed transmission coding mode, and the first data transmitted by the M training wide beams may be the same or different.

Fig. 9 illustrates a method for allocating training time resources for a single training wide beam. A complete training time resource can be divided into three different types of time: beam switching time, training information transmission time, and data transmission time. The beam switching time is used for the system to perform beam switching operation, the training information transmission time is used for transmitting a training sequence or a pilot sequence, and the data transmission time can be used for transmitting first data (such as load information and system control information).

Fig. 10 illustrates another method of allocating training time resources for a single training wide beam. In the method, a training information transmission time and a data transmission time are divided into a plurality of discontinuous time segments, and each segment transmits a part of a training sequence or first data. The above embodiments are merely examples, and the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and the training time resource allocation method may be other allocation methods.

Fig. 11 and 12 illustrate methods for configuring frequency resources for transmitting beam training information and first data in two multicarrier systems, respectively. The multi-carrier system refers to a wireless communication system using multi-carrier waveform techniques such as Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM), Filtered OFDM (f-OFDM), Single-carrier Orthogonal Frequency division multiplexing (SC-OFDM), Filter Bank multi-carrier (FBMC), and the like. In a multi-carrier system, signals transmitted on different frequencies or subbands occupy the entire time resource, but are transmitted on different frequencies. In fig. 11, the frequency resource for transmitting the training sequence or the pilot sequence is a resource block identified by S, where S is a continuous segment of frequency resource. S comprises one or more subcarriers, each subcarrier transmitting an element of the sequence. And D, identifying frequency resources occupied by data transmission, wherein the frequency resources comprise one or more subcarriers, and different data symbols are transmitted on each subcarrier. In fig. 12, the frequency resources for the transmission of the training sequence or the pilot sequence are distributed over the entire occupied bandwidth, and each frequency resource block S transmits a part of the training sequence or the pilot sequence. Different frequency resource blocks D transmit different data symbols.

The training sequence or pilot sequence transmitted by the time or frequency resource allocation method is used to estimate the response vector of the training wide beam in time delay, the vector can be obtained by sequence cross-correlation, or by frequency domain pilot interpolation to solve a linear equation system, and those skilled in the art can easily look up the data to obtain a corresponding calculation method according to the used training sequence or pilot sequence. The receiving end can determine a candidate beam with the best channel quality according to the response vector of the training wide beam on the time delay, and sends the identification information of the candidate beam to the sending end as feedback information, and the sending end determines the candidate beam as a second beam after receiving the feedback information; the receiving end may also send a response vector of the training wide beam in the time delay to the sending end as feedback information, and after receiving the feedback information, the sending end may determine a candidate beam with the best channel quality according to the response vector and determine the candidate beam as the second beam. The transmitting end may further transmit second data through the second beam, where the second data may be data modulated by a high-speed transmission coding mode.

According to the method for transmitting data provided by the embodiment of the invention, the narrow beam training is carried out through the plurality of wide training beams, and the data can be transmitted while the beam training is carried out, so that the utilization efficiency of transmission resources can be improved, the time for data transmission can be saved, and the time delay for system feedback confirmation can be reduced.

Optionally, the set of coverage areas of the M first beams includes the beam training area, and an area of a coverage area of any one of the first beams is larger than an area of a coverage area of any one of the candidate beams.

Optionally, the beam training information includes a beam training sequence, the beam training sequence is used by the receiving end to estimate power delay response information of the first beam, and the feedback information includes power delay response vectors h of the M first beams_lH is said_lIs determined by the receiving end according to the power delay response information, wherein h is_lFor indicating the receiving power of the M first beams on the ith delay path, where l is a positive integer and is greater than or equal to 1, and

the determining, by the transmitter, the second beam from the N candidate beams according to the feedback information includes:

s241, the sending end sends the h_lDetermining a candidate beam with the best channel quality from the N candidate beams, and using the candidate beam with the best channel quality as the second beam, wherein,the B is for indicating a phase shifter configuration for forming the M first beams, and the A is for indicating a phase shifter configuration for forming the N candidate beams.

M power delay response vectors h for training wide beams_l＝[h_l,1h_l,2… h_l,M]^T1,2, … L; weight matrix B ═ B₁,b₂,…,b_M]Wherein b is₁,b₂,…,b_MFor the weight vectors of M training wide beams, each weight vector corresponds to the configuration of a group of phase shifters, and a training wide beam can be formed; weight matrix A ═ a₁,a₂,…,a_N]Wherein a is₁,a₂,…,a_NSetting L paths with different power time delay for channel, forming a vector f from power response of each candidate beam on the first path_l＝[f_l,1f_l,2… f_l,M]^TWhen L is 1,2, … L, in order to select a narrow beam from the candidate beams, it is necessary to calculate the response vector f of the candidate beam in time delay by training the received data of the wide beam_l. The response vector f of the candidate beam can be estimated by the two steps given below_lAnd further determines a narrow beam for transmitting the second data.

Step 1: the channel response of all candidate beams for data transmission on the l-th path is estimated by the following formula,

f_l＝((B^HB)^-1B^HA^T)^Th_l

wherein, B^HIs a conjugate transpose of matrix B, (B)^HB)^-1Is a matrix (B)^HB) Inverse matrix of A^TIs a transposed matrix of the matrix A, B^*Is the conjugate of matrix B. f. of_lF of (a)_lThe (N) element is the power response of the candidate beam N at 1, …, N on the l-th path.

Step 2: the beam and path with the largest response value are calculated,

wherein l_dCorresponding to the path with the largest response value, n_dUsing the weight corresponding to the number of the beam with the maximum received power

When forming a beam, can be at_dThe largest received signal energy is obtained on the path, and the transmitting end may determine the candidate beam as the second beam.

For example, if the transmitting end determines 9 candidate beams, the number of the training wide beams may be greater than 9, and when the calculation is performed through the above two steps, the weight vectors of the 9 training wide beams may be taken as the weight matrix B for calculation.

According to the data transmission method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the sending end estimates the channel quality of the candidate beams according to the beam training information, and determines the beam with the best channel quality as the second beam from the N candidate beams, so that the burden of the receiving end can be reduced.

Optionally, the beam training information includes a beam training sequence, a weight matrix B of the M first beams, and a weight matrix a of the N candidate beams, where the beam training sequence is used by the receiving end to estimate power delay response information of the first beams, the B is used to indicate phase shifter configurations forming the M first beams, the a is used to indicate phase shifter configurations forming the N candidate beams, the beam training sequence, the B, and the a are used by the receiving end to estimate the channel quality information, the feedback information includes beam identification information, the beam identification information is used to identify a candidate beam with the best channel quality among the N candidate beams, and the candidate beam with the best channel quality among the N candidate beams is determined by the receiving end according to the channel quality information, and

s242, the transmitting end determines the second beam from the N candidate beams according to the beam identification information.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the beam training information sent by the sending end to the receiving end may be a beam training sequence, a weight matrix for training a wide beam, and a weight matrix for a candidate beam, so that the receiving end determines a second beam from the candidate beam according to the beam training information, and the feedback information received by the sending end may be beam identification information of the candidate beam with the best channel quality, so that the second beam may be determined from the candidate beam according to the beam identification information. The above embodiments are merely examples, and the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

In the method for transmitting data according to the embodiment of the present invention, the transmitting end transmits the beam training sequence, the weight matrix for training the wide beam, and the weight matrix for the candidate beam to the receiving end, so that the receiving end estimates the channel quality of the candidate beam according to the beam training information, and determines the beam with the best channel quality as the second beam from the N candidate beams, thereby reducing the burden of the transmitting end.

In the method 200, the transmitting end may be a base station or a mobile station, and correspondingly, the receiving end may be a mobile station or a base station.

According to the method for transmitting data provided by the embodiment of the invention, the narrow beam training is carried out through the plurality of training wide beams with the beam widths larger than that of the candidate beams, and the data can be transmitted while the beam training is carried out, so that the utilization efficiency of transmission resources can be improved, the time for data transmission can be saved, and the time delay for system feedback confirmation can be reduced.

The method of transmitting data according to an embodiment of the present invention is described in detail from the perspective of the transmitting end in conjunction with fig. 2 to 12, and the method of transmitting data according to an embodiment of the present invention is described in detail from the perspective of the receiving end in conjunction with fig. 13.

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method 300 for transmitting data according to another embodiment of the present invention, where as shown in fig. 13, the method 300 includes:

s310, a receiving end receives M first beams sent by a sending end based on fixed phase shifter configuration, wherein each first beam carries beam training information and first data, the beam training information is used for estimating channel information of the first beam carried by the beam training information, the channel information comprises channel quality information or power delay response information, M is a positive integer and is not less than 2, and coverage areas of the M first beams on the beam training area are different from each other;

s320, the receiving end generates feedback information according to the channel information of the M first beams;

s330, the receiving end sends the feedback information to the sending end, so that the sending end determines the second beam from the N candidate beams according to the feedback information;

s340, the receiving end transmits the second data with the transmitting end through the second beam based on the fixed phase shifter configuration.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the beam width of the first beam may be greater than the beam width of the candidate beam, and the beam width of the first beam may also be less than or equal to the beam width of the candidate beam. The receiving end may receive, for example, M first beams (i.e., training wide beams) transmitted by the transmitting end, and the phase shifter configuration of the receiving end is fixed, where the M training wide beams carry beam training information and first data, and the beam training information is used to measure the channel quality of the training wide beams, so that the transmitting end or the receiving end determines, from the candidate beams, a beam with the best channel quality as a second beam (i.e., a narrow beam) for subsequent data transmission.

The signal gain of the wide beam needs to meet the requirement of the link for transmitting the minimum channel quality, the data can be transmitted while the beam training information is transmitted, and the training of the narrow beam can be completed through a physical layer control frame or a BRP packet.

The receiving end generates feedback information according to the received beam training information, wherein the feedback information can be the identification information of narrow beams or the power delay response vectors h of M training wide beams_lTo facilitate transmissionAnd determining narrow beams from the candidate beams according to the power delay response vector.

And after the receiving end sends the feedback information to the sending end, the receiving end receives the narrow beam sent by the sending end based on the fixed phase shifter configuration, and the narrow beam can bear data modulated by a high-speed transmission coding mode.

In the method 300 for transmitting data by a receiving end provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the time-frequency resource allocation of the training wide beam received by the receiving end and the specific implementation manner in which the receiving end determines the narrow beam according to the beam training information may refer to the related contents in the method 200, and for brevity, are not described herein again. The above embodiments are merely examples, and the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

Therefore, according to the method for transmitting data of the embodiment of the present invention, by performing the narrow beam training through the plurality of training wide beams, data can be transmitted while performing the beam training, so that the utilization efficiency of transmission resources can be improved, the time for data transmission can be saved, and the time delay for system feedback confirmation can be reduced.

s311, the receiving end receives a beam training sequence sent by the sending end, where the beam training sequence is used for the receiving end to estimate power delay response information of the first beam;

the receiving end generates feedback information according to the channel information of the M first beams, including:

s321, the receiving end generates power delay response vectors h of the M first beams according to the power delay response information of the M first beams_lH is said_lFor indicating the received power of the M first beams on the ith delay path, so that the transmitting end can transmit the signals according to the h_lDetermining the second wave beam, wherein l is a positive integer and is not less than 1;

the sending end sends the feedback information to the receiving end, and the sending end comprises the following steps:

s331, the receiving end sends the h to the sending end_l。

The beam training sequence is used to estimate the response vector of the training wide beam in time delay, the response vector can be obtained by sequence cross-correlation, or by solving a linear equation system by frequency domain pilot frequency interpolation, and those skilled in the art can easily look up the data to obtain a corresponding calculation method according to the used training sequence or pilot frequency sequence. The receiving end may send a response vector of the training wide beam in the time delay to the transmitting end as feedback information, and after receiving the feedback information, the transmitting end may determine a candidate beam with the best channel quality according to the response vector and determine the candidate beam as a second beam. The transmitting end may further transmit second data through the second beam, where the second data may be data modulated by a high-speed transmission coding mode. The above embodiments are merely examples, and the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

In the method for transmitting data according to the embodiment of the present invention, the receiving end generates the power delay response vectors of the M first beams according to the beam training information, and sends the power delay response vectors to the sending end as the feedback information, so that the sending end estimates the channel quality of the candidate beams, and determines the beam with the best channel quality as the second beam from the N candidate beams, thereby reducing the burden of the receiving end.

s312, the receiving end receives a beam training sequence, a weight matrix B of the M first beams, and a weight matrix a of the N candidate beams, where the beam training sequence is used by the receiving end to estimate power delay response information of the first beams, the B is used to indicate phase shifter configurations for forming the M first beams, the a is used to indicate phase shifter configurations for forming the N candidate beams, and the beam training sequence, the B, and the a are used by the receiving end to estimate the channel quality information:

s322, the receiving end generates power delay response vectors h of the M first beams according to the power delay response information of the M first beams_lH is said_lThe receiving power of the M first beams on the l delay path is indicated;

s323, the receiving end is according to the h_lDetermining a candidate beam with the best channel quality from the N candidate beams as the second beam, wherein B is used for indicating phase shifter configurations of the M first beams, and A is used for indicating phase shifter configurations for forming the N candidate beams;

s332, the receiving end sends the beam identification information of the second beam to the sending end.

M power delay response vectors h for training wide beams_l＝[h_l,1h_l,2… h_l,M]^T1,2, … L; weight matrix B ═ B₁,b₂,…,b_M]Wherein b is₁,b₂,…,b_MFor the weight vectors of M training wide beams, each weight vector corresponds to the configuration of a group of phase shifters, and a training wide beam can be formed; weight matrix A ═ a₁,a₂,…,a_N]Wherein a is₁,a₂,…,a_NFor the weight vectors of N candidate beams, each weight vector corresponds to the configuration of a group of phase shiftersIt can form a candidate beam, and set the channel to have L paths with different power time delay, and the power response of each candidate beam on the first path forms a vector f_l＝[f_l,1f_l,2… f_l,M]^TWhen L is 1,2, … L, in order to select a narrow beam from the candidate beams, it is necessary to calculate the response vector f of the candidate beam in time delay by training the received data of the wide beam_l. Through steps 1 and 2 given by method 200, a response vector f of the candidate beam may be estimated_lAnd further determines a narrow beam for transmitting the second data. The above embodiments are merely examples, and the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

According to the data transmission method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the receiving end estimates the channel quality of the candidate beams according to the beam training information, and determines the beam with the best channel quality as the second beam from the N candidate beams, so that the load of the transmitting end can be reduced.

In the method 300, the receiving end may be a base station or a mobile station, and correspondingly, the transmitting end may be a mobile station or a base station.

According to the method for transmitting data, the narrow beam training is carried out through the plurality of wide training beams with the beam widths larger than the beam width of the candidate beam, the data can be transmitted while the beam training is carried out, so that the utilization efficiency of transmission resources can be improved, the time for transmitting the data is saved, and the time delay for system feedback confirmation can be reduced.

Fig. 14 is a diagram illustrating a method of transmitting data according to still another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 14, the method of the present embodiment includes:

s401, the BS determines a beam training area;

s402, the BS transmits a plurality of training wide beams carrying beam training sequences and first data to the MS;

s403, the MS receives a plurality of training wide beams based on a fixed phase shifter configuration;

s404, the MS calculates the channel responses of a plurality of wide training beams according to the beam training sequence and feeds back the channel responses to the BS;

s405, the BS receives channel responses of a plurality of training wide beams sent by the MS and calculates narrow beams;

s406, the BS transmits second data with the MS through the calculated narrow beam;

and S407, the MS transmits second data with the BS based on the fixed phase shifter configuration.

In S401, if the MS and the BS do not perform too narrow beam communication, a beam training region may be determined between the BS and the MS through wide beam training (also referred to as sector sweep training), each wide beam corresponds to a sector, the BS and the MS complete time synchronization through the wide beam training, and the wide beam is used for data communication.

If the MS and the BS have already communicated with each other by using a narrow beam, the BS finds that the channel quality of the current narrow beam is poor, and the BS needs the MS to assist in estimating a beam with a narrower beam width to improve the channel quality of the communication link, the BS may use the coverage area of the current narrow beam as a central area (e.g., a shaded area in fig. 3 or fig. 4) of the beam training area, and expand a certain area to the periphery as the beam training area.

In S402, the BS sends a plurality of training wide beams to the MS, where each of the training wide beams has the same parameters except for different transmission angles, each of the training wide beams carries the same beam training sequence and also carries first data, and the first data carried by different training wide beams may be the same or different.

In S404, the MS calculates channel responses (i.e., power delay response vector h) of a plurality of training wide beams according to the received beam training sequence_l) And transmitted as feedback information to the BS.

In S405, the BS calculates the candidate beam with the maximum power of the received signal according to the received power delay response vector, the weight matrices of the plurality of trained wide beams, and the weight matrices of the plurality of candidate beams, and determines the candidate beam as the narrow beam required for transmitting the second data.

In S406, the BS performs a second data transmission with the MS through the calculated narrow beam, where the BS may transmit the narrow beam carrying the second data to the MS, or may receive the beam carrying the second data transmitted by the MS based on the phase shifter configuration forming the narrow beam.

The above embodiments are merely examples, and the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, for example, the roles of the BS and the MS may be interchanged, the MS may transmit the plurality of training wide beams, and the BS receives the plurality of training wide beams based on the fixed phase shifter configuration to assist the MS in determining the phase shifter configuration for the MS to transmit the narrow beam.

Fig. 15 is a diagram illustrating a method of transmitting data according to still another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 15, the method of the present embodiment includes:

s501, the BS determines a beam training area;

s502, the BS transmits a plurality of training wide beams carrying beam training information and first data to the MS;

s503, the MS receives a plurality of training wide beams based on a fixed phase shifter configuration;

s504, the MS calculates a narrow beam according to the beam training information and feeds back the identification information of the narrow beam to the BS;

s505, the BS receives the identification information sent by the MS and determines a narrow beam according to the identification information;

s506, the BS transmits second data with the MS through the narrow beam;

and S507, the MS transmits second data with the BS based on the fixed phase shifter configuration.

In S501, if the MS and the BS do not perform too narrow beam communication, a beam training region may be determined between the BS and the MS through wide beam training (also referred to as sector sweep training), each wide beam corresponds to a sector, the BS and the MS complete time synchronization through the wide beam training, and the wide beam is used for data communication.

In S502, the BS sends a plurality of training wide beams to the MS, where each of the training wide beams has the same parameters except for different transmission angles, each of the training wide beams carries the same beam training information, the beam training information carries a beam training sequence, a weight matrix of the plurality of training wide beams, and a weight matrix of a plurality of candidate beams, each of the wide training beams also carries first data, and the first data carried by different training wide beams may be the same or different.

In S504, the MS calculates channel responses (i.e., power delay response vector h) of a plurality of training wide beams according to the received beam training sequence_l) (ii) a Calculating a candidate beam with the maximum power of the received signal according to the power delay response vector, the weight matrixes of the plurality of training wide beams and the weight matrixes of the plurality of candidate beams, and determining the candidate beam as a narrow beam required for transmitting second data; the identification information of the narrow beam is transmitted to the BS as feedback information.

In S506, the BS performs second data transmission with the MS through the narrow beam, where the BS may transmit the narrow beam carrying the second data to the MS, or may receive the beam carrying the second data transmitted by the MS based on the phase shifter configuration forming the narrow beam.

Fig. 16 is a diagram illustrating a method 600 for transmitting data according to still another embodiment of the present invention, where, as shown in fig. 16, a BS (i.e., a transmitting end) communicates with an MS (i.e., a receiving end) through a first beam, and the method 600 includes:

s601, a BS generates beam training information and first data, wherein the beam training information is used for estimating channel information of the first beam, and the channel information comprises channel quality information or power delay response information;

s602, the BS sends the first beam to the MS within a beam training time period based on a fixed phase shifter configuration, where the first beam carries the beam training information and the first data;

s603, the MS receives the first beam in the beam training time period based on at least two phase shifter configurations;

s604, the MS determines, according to the beam training information, a phase shifter configuration in which a first phase shifter is configured to receive the first beam, where the first phase shifter is configured to be a phase shifter configuration with the best channel quality of the received first beam among the at least two phase shifter configurations;

s605, the BS transmits second data with the receiving end after the beam training time period based on the fixed phase shifter configuration;

s606, the MS transmits the second data with the transmitting end after the beam training time period based on the first phase shifter.

In this embodiment of the present invention, when the BS and the MS have already performed communication by using the first beam, and the system finds that the channel quality of the current first beam is degraded, and a new phase shifter configuration needs to be determined to improve the channel quality of the communication link, the BS may generate beam training information and send the beam training information to the MS through the first beam, where the beam training information may include a training sequence or a pilot sequence.

The BS sends the beam training information to the MS through the first beam, where the first beam simultaneously carries first data, where the first data may be load data and/or control information, and the MS determines a new phase shifter configuration according to the received beam training information, where the new phase shifter configuration is used to receive the first beam, and the method for determining the new phase shifter configuration may refer to the method for determining the second beam by the sending end in method 200, and for brevity, details are not repeated here.

The BS and the MS may define a beam training time in advance, the BS continuously transmits the first beam carrying the beam training information and the first data to the MS during the beam training time, and after the beam training time is over, the BS transmits the first beam carrying the second data to the MS without feedback from the MS, where the second data may be, for example, data modulated by using a high-speed transmission coding mode. The BS may also receive second data transmitted by the MS based on the fixed phase shifter configuration if the channels have reciprocity (i.e., the uplink channel and the downlink channel are located in the same frequency band of a beam formed by the same phase shifter configuration).

The foregoing embodiments are merely examples, and the present invention is not limited thereto, for example, roles of the BS and the MS may be interchanged, the MS may also transmit a first beam carrying beam training information and first data to the BS, the BS receives the first beam based on at least two phase shifter configurations, and determines a first phase shifter configuration from the at least two phase shifter configurations according to the beam training information, receives the first beam based on the first phase shifter configuration, and the first phase shifter configuration is a phase shifter configuration of the at least two phase shifter configurations in which the channel quality of the received first beam is the best.

Therefore, according to the method for transmitting data of the embodiment of the invention, the receiving end performs the training of the receiving beam through the configuration of the plurality of phase shifters, and can transmit data while performing the beam training, so that the utilization efficiency of transmission resources can be improved, the time for data transmission can be saved, and the receiving end does not need to perform feedback.

Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram illustrating an apparatus for transmitting data according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 17, the apparatus 700 includes:

a processing module 710, configured to determine a beam training region, where the beam training region includes coverage areas of N candidate beams, where N is a positive integer and N is greater than or equal to 2;

a sending module 720, configured to send M first beams to a receiving end, where the M first beams carry beam training information and first data, and the beam training information is used to estimate channel information of the first beams carried by the beam training information, so that the receiving end generates feedback information according to the channel information, where the channel information includes channel quality information or power delay response information, the first data carried by at least two of the first beams are different, M is a positive integer and is greater than or equal to 2, and coverage areas of the M first beams on the beam training area are different from each other;

a receiving module 730, configured to receive the feedback information sent by the receiving end, where the feedback information is generated by the receiving end according to the channel information of the M first beams;

the processing module 710 is further configured to determine a second beam from the N candidate beams according to the feedback information received by the receiving module 730;

the sending module 720 is further configured to send second data to the receiving end through the second beam determined by the processing module 710, or the receiving module 730 is further configured to receive second data sent by the receiving end through the second beam determined by the processing module 710.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus 700 first needs to determine the approximate direction of the second beam, i.e., determine the beam training region. If the apparatus 700 and the receiving end do not perform beam communication, the processing module 710 may determine a beam training region through a result of the sector scanning; if the apparatus 700 and the receiving end have already performed beam communication, for example, the coverage area of the beam is 4 small grids hatched in fig. 4, the processing module 710 may determine the beam training area shown in fig. 4 by taking the symmetry center of the 4 small grids as the center.

The sending module 720 sends M first beams to the receiving end according to the beam training area determined by the processing module 710, where the M first beams carry beam training information and first data, the beam training information is used to measure the channel quality of the first beam or estimate the power delay response of the first beam, so as to determine a second beam from the N candidate beams according to the channel quality or the power delay response of the first beam, and may determine the time-frequency resources used by the first beam according to the allocation method of the time resources and the frequency resources in fig. 9 to 12, and transmit the first data while transmitting the beam training information.

The receiving module 730 receives feedback information sent by the receiving end, where the feedback information is identification information of a second beam determined by the receiving end according to the beam training information, or power delay response vectors of M first beams determined by the receiving end according to the beam training information, and the processing module 710 determines the second beam according to the feedback information and transmits second data with the receiving end through the second beam.

The foregoing embodiments are merely examples, and the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and according to the apparatus for transmitting data according to the embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of wide training beams are used for performing narrow beam training, so that data can be transmitted while performing beam training, thereby improving utilization efficiency of transmission resources, saving time for data transmission, and reducing time delay for system feedback confirmation.

the processing module 710 determines the second beam from the N candidate beams according to the feedback information, including:

the processing module 710 delays the response vector h according to the power of the M first beams_lDetermining a candidate beam with the best channel quality from the N candidate beams as the second beam, wherein the h is a weight matrix B of the M first beams and a weight matrix A of the N candidate beams_lThe first beam configuration unit is used for indicating the receiving power of the M first beams on the ith delay path, wherein l is a positive integer and is not less than 1, B is used for indicating the phase shifter configuration of the M first beams, and A is used for indicating the phase shifter configuration for forming the N candidate beams.

If the feedback information received by the receiving module 730 is the power delay response vector h of the M first beams_lThen the processing module 710 may base on the vector h_lAnd the candidate beam with the best channel quality is determined to be the second beam from the N candidate beams, so that the burden of a receiving end can be reduced.

the processing module 710 determines the second beam from the N candidate beams according to the beam identification information.

If the feedback information received by the receiving module 730 is the beam identification information of the second beam, the processing module 710 may determine the second beam from the N candidate beams according to the beam identification information, thereby reducing the burden of the apparatus 700.

The apparatus 700 for transmitting data provided in the embodiment of the present invention may correspond to the transmitting end in the method 200 for transmitting data provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and the above and other operations and/or functions of each module in the apparatus 700 are respectively used to implement corresponding flows of each step of the method 200, and are not described herein again for brevity. The above embodiments are merely examples, and the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

Therefore, the apparatus for transmitting data according to the embodiment of the present invention performs the narrow beam training by using the plurality of training wide beams having the beam widths larger than the beam widths of the candidate beams, and can transmit data while performing the beam training, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of transmission resources, saving the time for data transmission, and reducing the time delay for system feedback confirmation.

Fig. 18 shows a schematic diagram of an apparatus for transmitting data according to another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 18, the apparatus 800 includes:

a receiving module 810, configured to receive, based on a fixed phase shifter configuration, M first beams sent by a sending end, where the M first beams carry beam training information and first data, and the beam training information is used to estimate channel information of first beams carried by the beam training information, where the channel information includes channel quality information or power delay response information, the first data carried by at least two of the first beams are different, the M is a positive integer and is greater than or equal to 2, and coverage areas of the M first beams on the beam training area are different from each other;

a processing module 820, configured to generate feedback information according to the channel information of the M first beams received by the receiving module 810;

a sending module 830, configured to send the feedback information generated by the processing module 820 to the sender, so that the sender determines the second beam from the N candidate beams according to the feedback information;

the receiving module 810 is further configured to receive second data transmitted by the transmitting end through the second beam based on the fixed phase shifter configuration, or the transmitting module 830 is further configured to transmit second data to the transmitting end through the second beam based on the fixed phase shifter configuration.

In this embodiment of the present invention, when the receiving module 810 receives M first beams sent by a sending end, a phase shifter configuration of the receiving module 810 is fixed, where the M first beams carry beam training information and first data, and the beam training information is used to measure channel quality of the first beams or estimate a power delay response of the first beams, so that the sending end or the apparatus 800 determines, from candidate beams, a beam with the best channel quality as a second beam for subsequent data transmission.

The processing module 820 generates feedback information according to the received beam training information, where the feedback information may be identification information of the second beam, or power delay response vectors h of M first beams_lSo that the transmitting end responds according to the power delayThe vector determines a second beam from the candidate beams.

After the sending module 830 sends the feedback information to the sending end, the receiving module 810 receives a second beam sent by the sending end based on the fixed phase shifter configuration, where the second beam may carry data modulated by the high-speed transmission coding mode.

Optionally, the receiving module 810 receives the beam training information sent by the sending end, where the receiving module includes:

the receiving module 810 receives a beam training sequence sent by the sending end, where the beam training sequence is used by the receiving end to estimate power delay response information of the first beam;

the processing module 820 generates the feedback information according to the channel information of the M first beams, including:

the processing module 820 generates power delay response vectors h of the M first beams according to the power delay response information of the M first beams_lH is said_lFor indicating the M first beams on the l delay pathReceiving power so that the transmitting end can be according to the h_lDetermining the second wave beam, wherein l is a positive integer and is not less than 1;

the sending module 830 sends the feedback information to the sending end, including:

the sending module 830 sends the h to the sending end_l。

If the beam training information received by the receiving module 810 is a beam training sequence, the processing module 820 may generate power delay response vectors h of the M first beams according to the beam training sequences carried by the M first beams_lSo that the transmitting end can conveniently use the vector h_lThe second beam is determined, and the above embodiments are only examples, and the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

The device for transmitting data provided in the embodiment of the present invention generates power delay response vectors of M first beams according to the beam training information, and sends the power delay response vectors to the sending end as feedback information, so that the sending end estimates the channel quality of candidate beams, and determines a beam with the best channel quality as a second beam from the N candidate beams, thereby reducing the load of the processing module.

the receiving module 810 receives a beam training sequence sent by the sending end, a weight matrix B of the M first beams, and a weight matrix a of the N candidate beams, where the beam training sequence is used by the receiving end to estimate power delay response information of the first beams, the B is used to indicate phase shifter configurations for forming the M first beams, the a is used to indicate phase shifter configurations for forming the N candidate beams, and the beam training sequence, the B, and the a are used by the receiving end to estimate the channel quality information;

the processing module 820 generates the M first beams according to the power delay response information of the M first beamsPower delay response vector h of first beam_lH is said_lThe receiving power of the M first beams on the l delay path is indicated;

the processing module 820 is according to the h_lDetermining a candidate beam with the best channel quality from the N candidate beams as the second beam, wherein B is used for indicating phase shifter configurations of the M first beams, and A is used for indicating phase shifter configurations for forming the N candidate beams;

the sending module 830 sends the beam identification information of the second beam to the sending end.

If the beam training information received by the receiving module 810 is a beam training sequence, a weight matrix B of M first beams, and a weight matrix a of N candidate beams, the processing module 820 may determine a power delay response vector h of the M first beams according to the beam training sequence_lFurther based on the vector h_lThe weight matrix B and the weight matrix a determine that the candidate beam with the best channel quality is the second beam from the N candidate beams, and the sending module 830 sends the beam identification information of the second beam to the sending end as the feedback information.

The device for transmitting data provided by the embodiment of the invention determines the second beam according to the beam training information, and sends the beam identification information of the second beam to the sending end as the feedback information, thereby reducing the burden of a processor of the sending end.

The apparatus 800 for transmitting data provided in the embodiment of the present invention may correspond to a receiving end in the method 300 for transmitting data provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and the above and other operations and/or functions of each module in the apparatus 800 are respectively used to implement corresponding flows of each step of the method 300, and are not described herein again for brevity. The above embodiments are merely examples, and the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

Fig. 19 shows a schematic diagram of an apparatus for transmitting data according to still another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 19, apparatus 900 communicates with a receiving end via a first beam, apparatus 900 comprising:

a processing module 910, configured to generate beam training information and first data, where the beam training information is used to estimate channel information of the first beam, where the channel information includes channel quality information or power delay response information;

a transceiver module 920, configured to send the first beam to the receiving end within a beam training time period based on a fixed phase shifter configuration, where the first beam carries the beam training information and the first data generated by the processing module 910, so that the receiving end updates the phase shifter configuration for receiving the first beam according to the beam training information;

the transceiver module 920 is further configured to transmit second data to the receiving end or receive second data transmitted by the receiving end after the beam training time period based on the fixed phase shifter configuration.

In this embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus 900 and the receiving end have already performed communication by using the first beam, and the system finds that the channel quality of the current first beam is degraded, and a new phase shifter configuration needs to be determined to improve the channel quality of the communication link, then the processing module 910 may generate beam training information, and send the beam training information to the receiving end through the first beam, where the beam training information may include a beam training sequence or a pilot sequence.

The transceiver module 920 sends the beam training information to the receiving end through the first beam, where the first beam simultaneously carries first data, where the first data may be load data and/or control information, the receiving end determines a new phase shifter configuration according to the received beam training information, the new phase shifter configuration is used to receive the first beam, and the method for determining the new phase shifter configuration may refer to the method for determining the second beam by the sending end in the method 200, and is not described herein again for brevity.

The apparatus 900 for transmitting data provided in the embodiment of the present invention may correspond to the BS in fig. 16, and the above and other operations and/or functions of each module in the apparatus 900 are respectively used to implement corresponding flows of each step in the BS in the embodiment of fig. 16, and for brevity, are not described again here. The above embodiments are merely examples, and the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

Therefore, according to the apparatus for transmitting data of the embodiment of the present invention, the first beam is transmitted to the receiving end based on the fixed phase shifter configuration, and data can be transmitted while performing beam training, so that the utilization efficiency of transmission resources can be improved, the time for data transmission can be saved, and the receiving end does not need to perform feedback.

Fig. 20 is a schematic diagram illustrating an apparatus for transmitting data according to still another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 20, an apparatus 1000 communicates with a transmitting end through a first beam, and the apparatus 1000 includes:

a transceiver module 1010, configured to receive a first beam sent by the sending end in a beam training time period based on at least two phase shifter configurations, where the first beam carries beam training information and first data, and the beam training information is used to estimate channel information of the first beam, where the channel information includes channel quality information or power delay response information;

a processing module 1020, configured to determine, according to the beam training information received by the transceiver module 1010, a phase shifter configuration in which a first phase shifter is configured to receive the first beam, the first phase shifter configuration being a phase shifter configuration with the best channel quality of the received first beam among the at least two phase shifter configurations;

the transceiver module 1010 is further configured to transmit second data to the transmitting end or receive second data transmitted by the transmitting end after the beam training time period based on the first phase shifter configuration.

In this embodiment of the present invention, when the apparatus 1000 and the transmitting end have already communicated with a first beam, and the system finds that the channel quality of the current first beam is degraded and a new phase shifter configuration needs to be determined to improve the channel quality of the communication link, the transceiver module 1010 receives the first beam based on at least two phase shifter configurations, and the processing module 1020 determines a first phase shifter configuration from the at least two phase shifter configurations according to the beam training information, receives the first beam based on the first phase shifter configuration, and the first phase shifter configuration is the phase shifter configuration with the best channel quality of the received first beam among the at least two phase shifter configurations.

The apparatus 1000 for transmitting data provided in the embodiment of the present invention may correspond to the MS in fig. 16, and the above and other operations and/or functions of each module in the apparatus 1000 are respectively used to implement corresponding flows of each step of the MS in the embodiment of fig. 16, and for brevity, no further description is provided here. The above embodiments are merely examples, and the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

Therefore, according to the apparatus for transmitting data of the embodiment of the present invention, training of receiving beams is performed based on at least two phase shifter configurations, and data can be transmitted while performing beam training, so that the utilization efficiency of transmission resources can be improved, the time for data transmission can be saved, and a receiving end is not required to perform feedback.

As shown in fig. 21, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an apparatus 1100 for transmitting data, where the apparatus 1100 includes: a processor 1110, a memory 1120, a bus system 1130 and a transceiver 1140, wherein the processor 1110, the memory 1120 and the transceiver 1140 are connected via the bus system 1130, the memory 1120 is used for storing instructions, and the processor 1110 is used for executing the instructions stored in the memory 1120 to control the transceiver 1140 to receive or transmit signals;

the processor 1110 is configured to determine a beam training area, where the beam training area includes coverage areas of N candidate beams, where N is a positive integer and N is greater than or equal to 2; the transceiver 1140 is configured to transmit M first beams to a receiving end, where each first beam carries beam training information and first data, and the beam training information is used for the receiving end to estimate channel information of the first beam carried by the beam training information, where the channel information includes channel quality information or power delay response information, M is a positive integer and M is greater than or equal to 2, and coverage areas of the M first beams on the beam training area are different from each other; the transceiver 1140 is further configured to receive the feedback information sent by the receiving end, where the feedback information is generated by the receiving end according to the channel information of the M first beams; the processor 1110 is further configured to determine a second beam from the N candidate beams based on the feedback information received by the transceiver 1140; the transceiver 1140 is further configured to transmit second data to the receiving end or receive second data transmitted by the receiving end according to the second beam determined by the processor 1110.

It should be understood that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the processor 1110 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), and the processor 1110 may also be other general-purpose processors, Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, or the like. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.

The memory 1120 may include a read-only memory and a random access memory, and provides instructions and data to the processor 1110. A portion of the memory 1120 may also include non-volatile random access memory. For example, the memory 1120 may also store device type information.

The bus system 1130 may include a power bus, a control bus, a status signal bus, and the like, in addition to a data bus. For clarity of illustration, however, the various buses are designated in the figure as the bus system 1130.

In implementation, the steps of the above method may be performed by integrated logic circuits of hardware or instructions in the form of software in the processor 1110. The steps of a method disclosed in connection with the embodiments of the present invention may be directly implemented by a hardware processor, or may be implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor. The software module may be located in ram, flash memory, rom, prom, or eprom, registers, etc. storage media as is well known in the art. The storage medium is located in the memory 1120, and the processor 1110 reads the information in the memory 1120 and performs the steps of the method in combination with the hardware thereof. To avoid repetition, it is not described in detail here.

Optionally, the beam training information includes a beam training sequence, the beam training sequence is used by the receiving end to estimate power delay response information of the first beam, and the feedback information includes power delay response vectors h of the M first beams_lH is said_lIs determined by the receiving end according to the power delay response information, wherein h is_lFor indicating the connection of the M first beams on the l delay pathReceiving power, wherein l is a positive integer and l is more than or equal to 1, and

the processor 1110 determines the second beam from the N candidate beams according to the feedback information, including:

the processor 1110 according to the h_lAnd a weight matrix B of the M first beams and a weight matrix A of the N candidate beams, wherein the B is used for indicating phase shifter configurations for forming the M first beams, and the A is used for indicating phase shifter configurations for forming the N candidate beams.

If the feedback information received by the transceiver 1140 is the power delay response vector h for the M first beams_l Processor 1110 may then derive from the vector h_lAnd the candidate beam with the best channel quality is determined to be the second beam from the N candidate beams, so that the burden of a receiving end can be reduced.

the processor 1110 determines the second beam from the N candidate beams according to the beam identification information.

If the feedback information received by transceiver 1140 is beam identification information for a second beam, processor 1110 may determine the second beam from the N candidate beams based on the beam identification information, thereby reducing the burden on device 1100.

The device 1100 for transmitting data provided in the embodiment of the present invention may correspond to the transmitting end in the method 200 for transmitting data provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and the above and other operations and/or functions of each module in the device 1100 are respectively used to implement corresponding flows of each step of the method 200, and are not described herein again for brevity. The above embodiments are merely examples, and the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

Therefore, the device for transmitting data according to the embodiment of the present invention performs narrow beam training by using a plurality of training wide beams having a beam width greater than that of the candidate beam, and can transmit data while performing beam training, thereby improving utilization efficiency of transmission resources, saving data transmission time, and reducing time delay for system feedback confirmation.

As shown in fig. 22, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an apparatus 1200 for transmitting data, where the apparatus 1200 includes: a processor 1210, a memory 1220, a bus system 1230, and a transceiver 1240, wherein the processor 1210, the memory 1220, and the transceiver 1240 are coupled via the bus system 1230, the memory 1220 is configured to store instructions, and the processor 1210 is configured to execute the instructions stored by the memory 1220 to control the transceiver 1240 to receive or transmit signals;

the transceiver 1240 is configured to receive, based on a fixed phase shifter configuration, M first beams sent by a sending end, where each first beam carries beam training information and first data, and the beam training information is used to estimate channel information of the first beam carried by the beam training information, where the channel information includes channel quality information or power delay response information, M is a positive integer and M is greater than or equal to 2, and coverage areas of the M first beams on the beam training area are different from each other; the processor 1210 is configured to generate feedback information according to the beam training information of the M first beams received by the transceiver 1240; the transceiver 1240 is further configured to send the feedback information generated by the processor 1210 to the transmitting end, so that the transmitting end determines the second beam from the N candidate beams according to the feedback information; the transceiver 1240 is further configured to transmit second data to the transmitting end or receive second data transmitted by the transmitting end based on the fixed phase shifter configuration.

It should be understood that, in the present embodiment, the processor 1210 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), and the processor 1210 may also be other general purpose processors, Digital Signal Processors (DSP), Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASIC), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, and so on. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.

The memory 1220 may include a read-only memory and a random access memory, and provides instructions and data to the processor 1210. A portion of the memory 1220 may also include non-volatile random access memory. For example, the memory 1220 may also store device type information.

The bus system 1230 may include a power bus, a control bus, a status signal bus, and the like, in addition to a data bus. For clarity of illustration, however, the various buses are designated as the bus system 1230 in the figure.

In implementation, the steps of the above method may be performed by instructions in the form of hardware, integrated logic circuits, or software in the processor 1210. The steps of a method disclosed in connection with the embodiments of the present invention may be directly implemented by a hardware processor, or may be implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor. The software module may be located in ram, flash memory, rom, prom, or eprom, registers, etc. storage media as is well known in the art. The storage medium is located in the memory 1220, and the processor 1210 reads the information in the memory 1220, and performs the steps of the above method in combination with the hardware thereof. To avoid repetition, it is not described in detail here.

Optionally, the transceiver 1240 receiving the beam training information sent by the transmitting end includes:

the transceiver 1240 receives a beam training sequence sent by the sending end, where the beam training sequence is used by the receiving end to estimate power delay response information of the first beam;

the processor 1210 generates the feedback information according to the channel information of the M first beams, including:

the processor 1210 generates power delay response vectors h of the M first beams according to the power delay response information of the M first beams_lH is said_lFor indicating the received power of the M first beams on the ith delay path, so that the transmitting end can transmit the signals according to the h_lDetermining the second wave beam, wherein l is a positive integer and is not less than 1;

the transceiver 1240 transmits the feedback information to the transmitting end, including:

the transceiver 1240 transmits the h to the transmitting end_l。

If the beam training information received by transceiver 1240 is a beam training sequence, processor 1210 may generate power delay response vectors h for M first beams according to the beam training sequences carried by the M first beams_lSo that the transmitting end can conveniently use the vector h_lThe second beam is determined, and the above embodiments are only examples, and the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

The device for transmitting data provided in the embodiment of the present invention generates power delay response vectors of M first beams according to the beam training information, and sends the power delay response vectors to the sending end as feedback information, so that the sending end estimates the channel quality of candidate beams, and determines a beam with the best channel quality as a second beam from the N candidate beams, thereby reducing the load of a processor.

the transceiver 1240 receives a beam training sequence transmitted by the transmitting end, a weight matrix B of the M first beams, and a weight matrix a of the N candidate beams, where the beam training sequence is used by the receiving end to estimate power delay response information of the first beams, the B is used to indicate phase shifter configurations for forming the M first beams, the a is used to indicate phase shifter configurations for forming the N candidate beams, and the beam training sequence, the B, and the a are used by the receiving end to estimate the channel quality information;

the processor 1210 generates power delay response vectors h of the M first beams according to the power delay response information of the M first beams_lH is said_lThe receiving power of the M first beams on the l delay path is indicated;

the processor 1210 according to the h_lDetermining the candidate beam with the best channel quality from the N candidate beams as the second beam;

the transceiver 1240 transmits the identification information of the second beam to the transmitting end.

If the beam training information received by transceiver 1240 is a beam training sequence, a weight matrix B for M first beams, and a weight matrix a for N candidate beams, processor 1210 may determine a power delay response vector h for the M first beams according to the beam training sequence_lFurther based on the vector h_lThe weight matrix B and the weight matrix a determine that the candidate beam with the best channel quality is the second beam from the N candidate beams, and the transceiver 1240 sends the beam identification information of the second beam to the transmitting end as the feedback information.

The apparatus 1200 for transmitting data provided in the embodiment of the present invention may correspond to a receiving end in the method 300 for transmitting data provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and the above and other operations and/or functions of each module in the apparatus 1200 are respectively used to implement corresponding flows of each step of the method 300, and are not described herein again for brevity. The above embodiments are merely examples, and the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

As shown in fig. 23, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an apparatus 1300 for transmitting data, where the apparatus 1300 includes: a processor 1310, a memory 1320, a bus system 1330 and a transceiver 1340, wherein the processor 1310, the memory 1320 and the transceiver 1340 are connected through the bus system 1330, the memory 1320 is used for storing instructions, and the processor 1310 is used for executing the instructions stored in the memory 1320 to control the transceiver 1340 to receive or transmit signals;

the apparatus 1300 communicates with a transmitting end through a first beam, and the processor 1310 is configured to generate beam training information and first data, where the beam training information is used to estimate channel information of the first beam, and the channel information includes channel quality information or power delay response information; the transceiver 1340 is configured to transmit the first beam to the receiving end within a beam training time period based on a fixed phase shifter configuration, where the first beam carries the beam training information and the first data generated by the processor 1310, so that the receiving end updates a phase shifter configuration for receiving the first beam according to the beam training information; the transceiver 1340 is further configured to transmit second data to the receiving end or receive second data transmitted by the receiving end after the beam training time period based on the fixed phase shifter configuration.

In this embodiment of the present invention, the device 1300 and the receiving end have already performed communication by using the first beam, and the system finds that the channel quality of the current first beam is degraded, and a new phase shifter configuration needs to be determined to improve the channel quality of the communication link, the processor 1310 may generate beam training information and send the beam training information to the receiving end through the first beam, where the beam training information may include a beam training sequence or a pilot sequence.

The transceiver 1340 sends the beam training information to the receiving end through the first beam, where the first beam simultaneously carries first data, where the first data may be load data and/or control information, the receiving end determines a new phase shifter configuration according to the received beam training information, the new phase shifter configuration is used to receive the first beam, and the method for determining the new phase shifter configuration may refer to the method for determining the second beam by the sending end in the method 200, and is not described herein again for brevity.

The device 1300 for transmitting data provided in the embodiment of the present invention may correspond to the BS in fig. 16, and the above and other operations and/or functions of each module in the device 1300 are respectively used to implement corresponding flows of each step in the BS in the embodiment of fig. 16, and for brevity, no further description is given here. The above embodiments are merely examples, and the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the processor 1310 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), and the processor 1310 may also be other general-purpose processor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, a discrete hardware component, or the like. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.

The memory 1320 may include both read-only memory and random access memory, and provides instructions and data to the processor 1310. A portion of the memory 1320 may also include non-volatile random access memory. For example, memory 1320 may also store information for the device type.

The bus system 1330 may include a power bus, a control bus, a status signal bus, and the like, in addition to a data bus. But for purposes of clarity will be identified in the drawings as bus system 1330.

In implementation, the steps of the above method may be performed by integrated logic circuits of hardware or instructions in the form of software in the processor 1310. The steps of a method disclosed in connection with the embodiments of the present invention may be directly implemented by a hardware processor, or may be implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor. The software module may be located in ram, flash memory, rom, prom, or eprom, registers, etc. storage media as is well known in the art. The storage medium is located in the memory 1320, and the processor 1310 reads the information in the memory 1320, and performs the steps of the above method in combination with the hardware thereof. To avoid repetition, it is not described in detail here.

As shown in fig. 24, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an apparatus 1400 for transmitting data, where the apparatus 1400 includes: a processor 1410, a memory 1420, a bus system 1430, and a transceiver 1440, wherein the processor 1410, the memory 1420, and the transceiver 1440 are coupled via the bus system 1430, the memory 1420 is configured to store instructions, and the processor 1410 is configured to execute the instructions stored in the memory 1420 to control the transceiver 1440 to receive or transmit signals;

the transceiver 1440 is configured to receive, based on at least two phase shifter configurations, a first beam sent by the sending end in a beam training time period, where the first beam carries beam training information and first data, the beam training information is used to estimate channel information of the first beam, and the channel information includes channel quality information or power delay response information; the processor 1410 is configured to determine, according to the beam training information received by the transceiver 1440, a phase shifter configuration in which a first phase shifter is configured to receive the first beam, the first phase shifter configuration being a phase shifter configuration of the at least two phase shifter configurations in which a channel quality of the first beam received is the best; the transceiver 1440 is further configured to transmit second data to the transmitting end or receive the second data transmitted by the transmitting end after the beam training time period based on the first phase shifter configuration determined by the processor 1410.

In an embodiment of the present invention, when the apparatus 1400 is already communicating with a transmitting end using a first beam, and the system finds that the channel quality of the current first beam is degraded and a new phase shifter configuration needs to be determined to improve the channel quality of the communication link, the transceiver 1440 receives the first beam based on at least two phase shifter configurations, and the processor 1410 determines a first phase shifter configuration from the at least two phase shifter configurations according to the beam training information, receives the first beam based on the first phase shifter configuration, and the first phase shifter configuration is the phase shifter configuration with the best channel quality of the received first beam among the at least two phase shifter configurations.

The device 1400 for transmitting data provided in the embodiment of the present invention may correspond to the MS in fig. 16, and the above and other operations and/or functions of each module in the device 1400 are respectively used to implement corresponding flows of each step of the MS in the embodiment of fig. 16, and for brevity, no further description is provided here. The above embodiments are merely examples, and the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the processor 1410 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), and the processor 1410 may also be other general purpose processors, Digital Signal Processors (DSP), Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASIC), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, and so on. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.

The memory 1420 may include read-only memory and random access memory, and provides instructions and data to the processor 1410. A portion of memory 1420 may also include non-volatile random access memory. For example, memory 1420 may also store device type information.

The bus system 1430 may include a power bus, a control bus, a status signal bus, and the like, in addition to the data bus. For clarity of illustration, however, the various buses are designated in the figure as bus system 1430.

In implementation, the steps of the above method may be performed by integrated logic circuits of hardware or instructions in the form of software in the processor 1410. The steps of a method disclosed in connection with the embodiments of the present invention may be directly implemented by a hardware processor, or may be implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor. The software module may be located in ram, flash memory, rom, prom, or eprom, registers, etc. storage media as is well known in the art. The storage medium is located in the memory 1420, and the processor 1410 reads the information in the memory 1420, and performs the steps of the above-described method in conjunction with the hardware thereof. To avoid repetition, it is not described in detail here.

Therefore, according to the device for transmitting data of the embodiment of the present invention, training of receiving beams is performed based on at least two phase shifter configurations, and data can be transmitted while performing beam training, so that the utilization efficiency of transmission resources can be improved, the time for data transmission can be saved, and a receiving end is not required to perform feedback.

In the various embodiments of the present invention, the sequence numbers of the processes do not mean the execution sequence, and the execution sequence of the processes should be determined by the functions and the internal logic of the processes, and should not constitute any limitation to the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.

In addition, the term "and/or" herein is only one kind of association relationship describing an associated object, and means that there may be three kinds of relationships, for example, a and/or B, which may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship.

It should be understood that in the present embodiment, "B corresponding to a" means that B is associated with a, from which B can be determined. It should also be understood that determining B from a does not mean determining B from a alone, but may be determined from a and/or other information.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the elements and algorithm steps of the examples described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied in electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that the components and steps of the examples have been described in a functional general in the foregoing description for the purpose of illustrating clearly the interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.

It is clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described systems, apparatuses and units may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.

In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one logical division, and other divisions may be realized in practice, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may also be an electric, mechanical or other form of connection.

The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment of the present invention.

In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, and can also be realized in a form of a software functional unit.

The integrated unit, if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention essentially or partially contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium and including instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.

Technical features and descriptions in one embodiment above can be understood and applied to other embodiments for brevity and clarity of the application document, and are not described in detail in other embodiments.

While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, the invention is not limited thereto, and various equivalent modifications and substitutions can be easily made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method of transmitting data, the method comprising:

a transmitting end determines a beam training area, wherein the beam training area comprises coverage areas of N candidate beams, N is a positive integer and is more than or equal to 2;

the method comprises the steps that a sending end sends M first beams to a receiving end, each first beam bears beam training information and first data, the beam training information is used for the receiving end to estimate channel information of the first beam borne by the beam training information, the channel information comprises channel quality information or power delay response information, M is a positive integer and is not less than 2, and coverage areas of the M first beams on the beam training areas are different from one another;

the sending end receives feedback information sent by the receiving end, wherein the feedback information is generated by the receiving end according to the channel information of the M first beams;

the sending end determines a second beam from the N candidate beams according to the feedback information;

and the transmitting end transmits second data to the receiving end through the second beam, or the transmitting end receives the second data transmitted by the receiving end through the second beam.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the set of coverage areas of the M first beams comprises the beam training region, and wherein the coverage area of any one of the first beams is larger than the coverage area of any one of the candidate beams.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the beam training information comprises a beam training sequence, the beam training sequence is used for the receiving end to estimate the power delay response information of the first beam, and the feedback information comprises the power delay response vectors h of the M first beams_lH is said_lIs determined by the receiving end according to the power delay response information, wherein h is_lFor indicating the receiving power of the M first beams on the ith delay path, where l is a positive integer and is greater than or equal to 1, and

the sending end is according to the h_lDetermining a candidate beam with the best channel quality from the N candidate beams, and using the candidate beam with the best channel quality as the second beam, wherein B is used for indicating a phase shifter for forming the M first beamsA configuration indicating a phase shifter configuration for forming the N candidate beams.

4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the beam training information comprises a beam training sequence, a weight matrix B of the M first beams, and a weight matrix A of the N candidate beams, wherein the beam training sequence is used by the receiving end to estimate power delay response information of the first beams, the B is used to indicate phase shifter configurations for forming the M first beams, the A is used to indicate phase shifter configurations for forming the N candidate beams, the beam training sequence, the B and the A are used by the receiving end to estimate the channel quality information, the feedback information comprises beam identification information, the beam identification information is used to identify a candidate beam with the best channel quality among the N candidate beams, and the candidate beam with the best channel quality among the N candidate beams is determined by the receiving end according to the channel quality information, and

and the transmitting end determines the second beam from the N candidate beams according to the beam identification information.

5. A method of transmitting data, the method comprising:

a receiving end receives M first beams sent by a sending end based on fixed phase shifter configuration, wherein each first beam carries beam training information and first data, the beam training information is used for estimating channel information of the first beam carried by the beam training information, the channel information comprises channel quality information or power delay response information, M is a positive integer and is not less than 2, and coverage areas of the M first beams on the beam training area are different from each other;

the receiving end generates feedback information according to the channel information of the M first beams;

the receiving end sends the feedback information to the sending end so that the sending end can determine a second beam from the N candidate beams according to the feedback information;

and the receiving end transmits second data to the transmitting end through the second beam based on the fixed phase shifter configuration, or receives the second data transmitted by the transmitting end through the second beam based on the fixed phase shifter configuration.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the set of coverage areas of the M first beams comprises the beam training region, and wherein the coverage area of any one of the first beams is larger than the coverage area of any one of the candidate beams.

7. The method according to claim 5 or 6,

the receiving end receives the beam training information sent by the sending end, and the method comprises the following steps:

the receiving end receives a beam training sequence sent by the sending end, wherein the beam training sequence is used for the receiving end to estimate power delay response information of the first beam;

the receiving end generates power delay response vectors h of the M first beams according to the power delay response information of the M first beams_lH is said_lFor indicating the received power of the M first beams on the ith delay path, so that the transmitting end can transmit the signals according to the h_lDetermining the second wave beam, wherein l is a positive integer and is not less than 1;

the receiving end sends the h to the sending end_l。

8. The method according to claim 5 or 6,

the receiving end receives a beam training sequence, a weight matrix B of the M first beams, and a weight matrix a of the N candidate beams, where the beam training sequence is used by the receiving end to estimate power delay response information of the first beams, the B is used to indicate phase shifter configurations for forming the M first beams, the a is used to indicate phase shifter configurations for forming the N candidate beams, and the beam training sequence, the B, and the a are used by the receiving end to estimate the channel quality information;

the receiving end generates power delay response vectors h of the M first wave beams according to the power delay response information of the M first wave beams_lH is said_lThe receiving power of the M first beams on the l delay path is indicated;

the receiving end is according to the h_lDetermining the candidate beam with the best channel quality from the N candidate beams as the second beam;

and the receiving end sends the beam identification information of the second beam to the sending end.

9. A method for transmitting data, wherein a transmitting end and a receiving end communicate via a first beam, the method comprising:

the transmitting end generates beam training information, wherein the beam training information is used for the receiving end to estimate channel information of the first beam, and the channel information comprises channel quality information or power delay response information;

the sending end sends the first beam to the receiving end within a beam training time period based on fixed phase shifter configuration, wherein the first beam carries the beam training information and first data, so that the receiving end updates the phase shifter configuration for receiving the first beam according to the beam training information;

and the sending end sends second data to the receiving end or receives the second data sent by the receiving end after the beam training time period based on the fixed phase shifter configuration.

10. A method for transmitting data, wherein a receiving end and a transmitting end communicate via a first beam, the method comprising:

the receiving end receives a first beam sent by the sending end in a beam training time period based on at least two phase shifter configurations, wherein the first beam carries beam training information and first data, the beam training information is used for estimating channel information of the first beam, and the channel information comprises channel quality information or power delay response information;

the receiving end determines, according to the beam training information, a phase shifter configuration in which a first phase shifter is configured to receive the first beam, where the first phase shifter is configured to be a phase shifter configuration with the best channel quality of the received first beam among the at least two phase shifter configurations;

and the receiving end transmits second data to the transmitting end or receives the second data transmitted by the transmitting end after the beam training time period based on the first phase shifter configuration.

11. An apparatus for transmitting data, the apparatus comprising:

the processing module is used for determining a beam training area, wherein the beam training area comprises coverage areas of N candidate beams, N is a positive integer and N is larger than or equal to 2;

a sending module, configured to send M first beams to a receiving end, where the M first beams carry beam training information and first data, the beam training information is used to estimate channel information of the first beams carried by the beam training information, so that the receiving end generates feedback information according to the channel information, where the channel information includes channel quality information or power delay response information, the first data carried by at least two of the first beams are different, M is a positive integer and is greater than or equal to 2, and coverage areas of the M first beams on the beam training area are different from each other;

a receiving module, configured to receive the feedback information sent by the receiving end, where the feedback information is generated by the receiving end according to the channel information of the M first beams;

the processing module is further configured to determine a second beam from the N candidate beams according to the feedback information received by the receiving module;

the sending module is further configured to send second data to the receiving end through the second beam determined by the processing module, or the receiving module is further configured to receive second data sent by the receiving end through the second beam determined by the processing module.

12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the set of coverage areas for the M first beams comprises the beam training region, and wherein the coverage area for any one of the first beams is larger than the coverage area for any one of the candidate beams.

13. The apparatus according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the beam training information comprises a beam training sequence, the beam training sequence is used by the receiving end to estimate the power delay response information of the first beam, and the feedback information comprises the power delay response vectors h of the M first beams_lH is said_lIs determined by the receiving end according to the power delay response information, wherein h is_lFor indicating the receiving power of the M first beams on the ith delay path, where l is a positive integer and is greater than or equal to 1, and

the processing module determining the second beam from the N candidate beams according to the feedback information, comprising:

the processing module delays the response vector h according to the power of the M first beams_lDetermining a candidate beam with the best channel quality from the N candidate beams as the second beam, wherein the h is a weight matrix B of the M first beams and a weight matrix A of the N candidate beams_lThe first beam configuration unit is used for indicating the receiving power of the M first beams on the ith delay path, wherein l is a positive integer and is not less than 1, B is used for indicating the phase shifter configuration of the M first beams, and A is used for indicating the phase shifter configuration for forming the N candidate beams.

14. The apparatus of claim 11 or 12, wherein the beam training information comprises a beam training sequence, a weight matrix B of the M first beams, and a weight matrix A of the N candidate beams, wherein the beam training sequence is used by the receiving end to estimate power delay response information of the first beams, the B is used to indicate phase shifter configurations for forming the M first beams, the A is used to indicate phase shifter configurations for forming the N candidate beams, the beam training sequence, the B and the A are used by the receiving end to estimate the channel quality information, the feedback information comprises beam identification information, the beam identification information is used to identify a candidate beam with the best channel quality among the N candidate beams, and the candidate beam with the best channel quality among the N candidate beams is determined by the receiving end according to the channel quality information, and

the processing module determines the second beam from the N candidate beams according to beam identification information.

15. An apparatus for transmitting data, the apparatus comprising:

a receiving module, configured to receive, based on a fixed phase shifter configuration, M first beams sent by a sending end, where the M first beams carry beam training information and first data, and the beam training information is used to estimate channel information of first beams carried by the beam training information, where the channel information includes channel quality information or power delay response information, the first data carried by at least two of the first beams are different, where M is a positive integer and is greater than or equal to 2, and coverage areas of the M first beams on the beam training area are different from each other;

a processing module, configured to generate feedback information according to the channel information of the M first beams received by the receiving module;

a sending module, configured to send the feedback information generated by the processing module to the sending end, so that the sending end determines a second beam from the N candidate beams according to the feedback information;

the receiving module is further configured to receive second data sent by the sending end through the second beam based on the fixed phase shifter configuration, or the sending module is further configured to send second data to the sending end through the second beam based on the fixed phase shifter configuration.

16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the set of coverage areas for the M first beams comprises the beam training region, and wherein the coverage area for any one of the first beams is larger than the coverage area for any one of the candidate beams.

17. The apparatus of claim 15 or 16,

the receiving module receives the beam training information sent by the sending end, and the receiving module includes:

the receiving module receives a beam training sequence sent by the sending end, wherein the beam training sequence is used for the receiving end to estimate the power delay response information of the first beam;

the processing module generates the feedback information according to the channel information of the M first beams, including:

the processing module generates power delay response vectors h of the M first beams according to the power delay response information of the M first beams_lH is said_lFor indicating the received power of the M first beams on the ith delay path, so that the transmitting end can transmit the signals according to the h_lDetermining the second wave beam, wherein l is a positive integer and is not less than 1;

the sending module sends the feedback information to the sending end, and the sending module comprises:

the sending module sends the h to the sending end_l。

18. The apparatus of claim 15 or 16,

the receiving module receives a beam training sequence, a weight matrix B of the M first beams, and a weight matrix a of the N candidate beams, where the beam training sequence is used by the receiving end to estimate power delay response information of the first beams, the B is used to indicate phase shifter configurations for forming the M first beams, the a is used to indicate phase shifter configurations for forming the N candidate beams, and the beam training sequence, the B, and the a are used by the receiving end to estimate the channel quality information;

the processing module generates power delay response vectors h of the M first beams according to the power delay response information of the M first beams_lH is said_lThe receiving power of the M first beams on the l delay path is indicated;

the processing module is according to the h_lDetermining a candidate beam with the best channel quality from the N candidate beams as the second beam, wherein B is used for determining the weight matrix B of the M first beams and the weight matrix A of the N candidate beams, and B is used for determining the candidate beam with the best channel quality as the second beamA phase shifter configuration indicating the M first beams, the A to indicate phase shifter configurations forming the N candidate beams;

the transmitting module transmits the beam identification information of the second beam to the transmitting end.

19. An apparatus for transmitting data, the apparatus communicating with a receiving end via a first beam, the apparatus comprising:

a processing module, configured to generate beam training information, where the beam training information is used to estimate channel information of the first beam, where the channel information includes channel quality information or power delay response information;

a transceiver module, configured to send the first beam to the receiving end within a beam training time period based on a fixed phase shifter configuration, where the first beam carries the beam training information and first data generated by the processing module, so that the receiving end updates the phase shifter configuration for receiving the first beam according to the beam training information;

the transceiver module is further configured to transmit second data to the receiving end or receive second data transmitted by the receiving end after the beam training time period based on the fixed phase shifter configuration.

20. An apparatus for transmitting data, the apparatus communicating with a transmitting end via a first beam, the apparatus comprising:

a transceiver module, configured to receive a first beam sent by the sending end in a beam training time period based on at least two phase shifter configurations, where the first beam carries beam training information and first data, and the beam training information is used to estimate channel information of the first beam, where the channel information includes channel quality information or power delay response information;

a processing module, configured to determine, according to the beam training information received by the transceiver module, a phase shifter configuration in which a first phase shifter is configured to receive the first beam, the first phase shifter configuration being a phase shifter configuration of the at least two phase shifter configurations in which a channel quality of the received first beam is best;

the transceiver module is further configured to send second data to the transmitter or receive second data sent by the transmitter after the beam training time period based on the first phase shifter configuration determined by the processing module.